Unit1Knowingmeknowingyou过去分词作状语详解与练习(原卷版)

必修3unit1过去分词作状语观察以下句子：①Worriedabouthisson’ssafety,hewaitedforhissonoutsidethewholenight.②Givenbetterattention,thetreescouldgrowbetter.③Ireadthenovelunderthetree,absorbed.④Beatenbyhisopponent,henevergaveuphope.⑤Heated,waterchangesintosteam.⑥Shewalkedoutoftheroom,followedbyherdaughter.总结规律：(1)作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为________关系,过去分词的逻辑主语都是句子的_______________。(2)句①中黑体部分作_______状语；句②中黑体部分作________状语；句③中黑体部分作________状语。(3)句④中黑体部分作_______状语；句⑤中黑体部分作_________状语；句⑥中黑体部分作________状语。一、过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且过去分词与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。1．过去分词作时间状语时Askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)=_________________________________,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.当被问到对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得它既有趣又有益。Toldaboutthesecret,hefeltveryshocked.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)=______________________,hefeltveryshocked.当被告知这个秘密时，他觉得很震惊。过去分词作原因状语时Absorbedinpainting,Johndidn'tnoticeastrangerapproaching.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)＝________________________,hedidn'tnoticeastrangerapproaching.因为专注于绘画，约翰没有注意到一个陌生人接近。Caughtinaheavyrain,hewasallwet.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)=_________________________，hewasallwet.因为被困在大雨中，他全身湿了。3．过去分词作条件状语时Usedwithcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)＝_______________________,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.如果小心使用的话，一罐可以用六周。Givenmoretime,Iwillfinishthetaskontime.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)=_______________________,Iwillfinishthetaskontime.如果有更多的时间，我会按时完成这项任务。4．过去分词作让步状语时Defeatedbyhisopponent,henevergaveuphope.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)＝______________________________,henevergaveuphope.尽管被对手击败，但是他从未放弃希望。Invitedbyhim,Ifailedtotakepartinthepartybecauseofsomethingunexpected.(将过去分词作状语改写成状语从句)=________________________,Ifailedtotakepartinthepartybecauseofsomethingunexpected.虽然我被邀请，但因为意料之外的事情，我没能参加晚会。5．过去分词作作方式、伴随状语。相当于and连接的并列句。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved.(将过去分词作状语改写成并列句)＝Sheacceptedthegift,_________________________.她接受了礼物，深受感动。Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.(将过去分词作状语改写成并列句)=Shesatbythewindow,___________________________.二、过去分词作状语的注意事项1.转化为形容词的过去分词有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost(迷路的)；seated(坐着的)；hidden(隐藏的)；absorbedin(专心于)；dressedin(穿着)；tiredof(厌烦)。____________(tire)ofwaiting,heleftthepartyearly.____________(please)withherperformance,theaudienceapplaudedloudly.____________(lose)inthought,hedidn'thearhisphonering.____________(worry)abouthishealth,sheinsistedheseeadoctor.____________(fascinate)bythehistoryofthecity,theyvisitedmanymuseums.____________(surprise)bythenews,shedroppedherphone.____________(confuse)bytheinstructions,theyhadtoaskforhelp.____________(exhaust)fromthelongtrip,theyfellasleepimmediately.2.过去分词可用于状语从句的省略注意：为强调过去分词表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。如when,while,although,though,if,because等，也叫做状语从句的省略。状语从句的省略，即主句的主语与从句的主语一致，且从句中出现be动词时,此时，状语从句可以省略主语和be动词,保留连词。Whenthestadiumisseenfromthetop,itlookslikeabirdnest.(进行状语从句的省略)=_________________________,itlookslikeabirdnest.体育馆从上方看时像一个鸟巢。Iftheseseedsaregrownintherichsoil,theywillgrowbetter.(进行状语从句的省略)=____________________________,theywillgrowbetter.如果这些种子种在肥沃的土壤里，它们会长得更好。3．过去分词的独立主格结构过去分词的独立主格，表示过去分词也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。Thejobfinished,theywentbackhome.工作完成后，他们回家了。(过去分词的独立主格结构为Thejobfinished,即过去分词有它自己的主语thejob，因为分词的逻辑主语为thejob，与动作finish构成被动关系，独立主格结构下应该用过去分词形式finished。)Herglassesbroken,shecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboard.眼镜烂了，她看不见黑板上的字。(过去分词的独立主格结构为herglassesbroken,即过去分词有它自己的主语herglasses,因为分词的逻辑主语为herglasses,与broken构成系表状态的过去分词,即broken为形容词转化的过去分词，独立主格下应该用broken。)4.过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的__________关系，即表示_____________；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的___________关系，即表示______________。①_____________(use)foralongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。②_____________(use)thebook,Ifinditveryuseful.在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。Whencaughtcheatingintheexam,theteachercriticizedthestudent.×Whencaughtcheatingintheexam,thestudentwascriticizedbytheteacher.√(状语从句的省略)Whenthestudentwascaughtcheatingintheexam,theteachercriticizedhim.√(含有状语从句的复合句)Thestudentcaughtcheatingintheexam,theteachercriticizedhim.√(独立主格结构)巩固练习：(1)写出黑体部分所作成分①Theboyslippedoutoftheroom,followedbyhisfather.______________②Refusedbythepany,hewasdisheartened.________________③Seriouslyinjured,hewasrushedtothehospital.______________④Disappointedabouttheresult,hestillworkedontheresearch._______________⑤Enoughtimegiven,wewilldothejobbetter.________________⑥Givenawonderfullecture,westudentsclappedourhands._________________⑦Theoldmanenteredtheroom,supportedbyhisson._______________⑧Hefinishedtheproject,relieved.________________(2)单句语法填空①___________(raise)inthemountainousarea,helearnedtosupporthisownlife.②Children,when___________(acpany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.③___________(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren'sloveofart.④___________(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.⑤___________(wound),thesoldiersbravelyfoughtagainsttheenemy.⑥Thegirlopenedthebook,___________(lose)inthought.⑦____________(drive)byhisinterest,herealizedhisdreamofbeinganactor.⑧_____________(confuse)bytheinstructions,heaskedforhismother’shelp.⑨____________(pare)withtheoldmodel,thenewonehasmorefunctions.⑩_____________(tell)ofthedanger,hestillriskedhislifetosavethepeople’slives.(3)句型转换,将状语从句转换成非谓语①Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,thetownlooksmorebeautiful.→________________________________，thetownlooksmorebeautiful.②Becausetheyweredeeplymovedbythefilm,thechildrenbegantocry.→_______________________________，thechildrenbegantocry.③Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.→_______________________________，wecoulddoitmuchbetter.④Thepresidentofthepanycametothefactory,andhewasfollowedbysomeworkers.→Thepresidentofthepanycametothefactory,____________________________．⑤WhenhewasaskedaboutthewaystolearnEnglish,hesmiledandgavesomeadvice.→_________________________________,hesmiledandgavesomeadvice.单项选择1．____________intherushofeverydaylife,theSmithsforgottoappreciatethelittlethingsthatmadethemhappy.A．Lose B．Tolose C．Losing D．Lost2．_____________onfiguresfromsixdifferentEuropeancities，thereportisreliable.A．Based B．Basing C．Tobase D．Base3．________inuseinApril2002,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A．Put B．Havingbeenput C．Havingput D．Beingput4．ThesocialmediaplatformTwitterfoundthatthelaughingfacewithtearsofjoywasthemostused,________bythecryingfaceandhearteyesemoji.A．following B．followed C．beingfollowed D．tofollow5．I’llspendtheevening______inyourroomwaitingforthethieftoarrive.A．locking B．inlocking C．beinglocked D．locked6．When________aboutthepossibilitythatJustinwastakenbyaliens,DetectiveSamPetersonsaidthattherewasnohardevidenceaboutthis.A．askingB．wasaskedC．beingaskedD．asked7．________withfiercepressureintheircareers,manyworkingwomensaiditwasdifficultforthemtoachieveabalancebetweenworkandfamily.A．Facing B．Tobefaced C．Faced D．Havingfaced8．_____tothenearesthospital,theinjuredboywastreatedwithoutdelayandhasbeenoutofdanger.A．RushB．RushingC．TorushD．Rushed9．InChina,NewYear'sDayisn'tabigmoment______withtheSpringFestival.A．paringB．paredC．topareD．beingpared10．Unless________tospeak,mosthighschoolstudentsherepreferremainingsilent