2018年4月自考00603英语写作试题及答案含解析

英语写作年月真题

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1、【问答题】HappinessWhatmakesapersonhappy?Ifpeoplewanttobehappy,

shouldtheyseekmoneyandprofessionalsuccess?Manyexpertsaretryingtofind

outtheobstaclestohappinessandthewaystoovercomethem.Thestrategiesthey

haveofferedaresimpleyeteffective:tobetruetooneself,avoidcomparison

withothersfinancially,andwelcomelawsandrulesthatincreasethe

generalhappinessofthepopulation.Oneofthechiefobstaclestohappinessis

beinguntruetoonerealdesire.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhofollow

theirauthenticdesiresgenerallyreportbeinghappierthanthosewhodonot.At

itscore,authenticityimpliesdiscoveringandpursuingwhatpeoplecareaboutmost

TakeLinda'schoiceofcareerasanexample.Shefoundherselfcaughtinthe

middlebetweenherowndreamofbeinganavigatorandfollowingherparents,

adviceofbecomingateacher.Hercompromisetofamilyexpectationsandsocial

traditionshascausedherlifelongregret.Therefore,peopleneedtobetrueto

themselvestoincreasethesenseofpersonalhappiness.

___________________________________________Finally,peopleoftenbenefitfrom

somelawsandsocialrules,whichmayevencostmoney,likepayingtaxes.People

needtorealizethatsometaxescanmakethepublichappier,becausetheyimprove

theoverallqualityoflife.Inonestudyofcigarettetaxes,researchersconclude

that“taxesmayaffectthehappinessofformersmokers（bymakingiteasierto

resistthetemptationtoresumesmoking）orwould-besmokers（bymakingit

easiertoneverstartsmoking）.”Thisexampledemonstrateshowsocialrulescan

leadtothegeneralhappinessofitspopulation,eventhroughtheapparently

negativepracticeofincreasedtaxation.Taxesalsocontributetothefunds

availableforothersocialpurposes.Thisfurtherprovestheneedfortaxation.

Thesearcmerelythreewaysthatscholarsofhappinessstudieshaverecommendedto

helpenhancepersonalhappiness.Peopleshouldseektoliveastheirauthentic

selvesintheirpersonalandprofessionallives.Theyshouldavoidsocial

comparisonandlivewithintheirmeans.Furthermore,theyshouldwelcomeany

practicethatincreasesthegeneralhappinessofthepopulation.Everyonesays

theywanttobehappy,andhappinessstudiesmayhelppeoplelearnhowtolead

happierlivesratherthantopassivelyexpecthappinesstofindthem.

答案：【参考答案】Comparisonwithothersfinanciallycanalsobeachief

obstacletohappiness.Whenpeoplecomparethemselveswithothers,theyprefer

toseethemselvesasinsomewaysuperior.Inanexperiment,socialscientists

askedwhetherpeoplewouldpreferearning$50,000peryearwhiletheirpeers

earned$25,000,orwhethertheywouldpreferearning$100,000whiletheir

peersaveraged$250,000annually.Althoughpeoplewouldearnmoreinthe

latterscenario,mostchosetheformer,astheywishedtoseethemselvesas

moresuccessfulthanothers.Thus,asimplewaytoincreasehappinessisfor

peopletorejecttheurgetocomparethemselveswithothersbasedontheir

financialsituations.

2、【问答题】SmartRavensAflockofravensravagingadeadbodymaytechnically

becalledanunkindness.Peoplehalethen%butravensarenotterrifying.Dothey

havesharp,curvedbeaks（鸟喙）thattheyusetoteardeadanimalstopieces?Yes.

Aretheircallsclosetoahorrifyingandmysteriouslaugh?Mostdefinitely.

Butthatdoesn'tmakethemevil.Rather,theyaremasterminds,goodat

makingawesomeplansforthefuture.Thelatestfindingsofravenscomefrom

twoSwedishscientistswholiterallyputravenstotestUpuntilnow,weknow

thatravenshavesomeabilitytoplanaheadfortheirownfoodneedsbecause

theyhidefoodtodiguplater.Thenagain,squirrelsstorefoodintheground

forlaterandthey're,well,notthesmartestTheyforgetabout75percentoftheir

nuts,accidentallyplantingmillionsoftreesintheprocess.Andif^stupid^

squirrelscanbebiologicallyprogrammedtostorefoodforlater,mayberavens

aren'tassmartaswethought.Exceptobviouslytheyare.Ravens,asitturnsout,

willoftenchoosetogiveupatastynutnowinfavorofgettingabettertreat

later.Facedwithapieceoffoodandatoolthattheyknowcanopenabox

containingmoredeliciousfood^theywillgenerallychoosethetool—evenifthey

don'thavetheboxyetThey'velearnedthatwhenresearcherspresentthemwiththe

boxin15minutes’time,theycanusethattooltounlocktheirprize.That’s

greatvisionrightthere.Evensmallchildrenoftenchoosetoeatoneice-cream

immediatelyratherthanwaitafewminutesformore.Thisshouldn'tcomeassucha

shock.Ravensalsostealfromeachotherbywatchingcompetitorshidefood,noting

thelocation,andreturninglatertodigitup.Andbecausetheygetstolenfrom,

someravenswillactuallypretendtohidefoodtomisleadthieves.What'smore,

theycantellotherravenswheretofindajuicy,rottinganimalbodyandteamup

toscareofftheircompetitors.Thatability—tocommunicateinformationabout

adistantlocation—issharedonlybyants,beesandhumans.Besidesdeceivingone

anothertokeepafoodsourceasecret,theycanalsotakeadvantageofother

animals.Forexample,theywouldcallwolvesovertoadeadbodythathasn't

brokendownenoughyetsothatthewolvescanripitapart,leavingmore

convenientscrapsfortheravenstoeat.Ifallthatdoesn’tmakeyouloveand

embraceourravenlords,nothingwill.Thesebirdsaregeniusesintheirown

right—sowhatiftheirlookisalittleweird?Theirintelligenceisn’ttobe

feared;it’stoberevered.

答案：【参考答案】SentenceOutlineⅠ.Introduction:Ravensareseemingly

unkindbirdsbutactuallysmartplanners.(Paragraph1)A.Theunpleasantimage

ofravensbotherspeople.B.Thesis:Ravensareawesomeplanners.Ⅱ.Ravenscan

hatchplans(Paragraphs2-4)A.Theyaregoodatmakingplansforthefuture.B.

Theyseeklong-termbenefits.C.Theystealfrom,playtrickson,and

communicatewithothersⅢ.Conclusion:Despitetheirweirdlook,ravens’

intelligenceistoberevered.(Paragraph5)

3、【问答题】Touristsareadvisedtofollowthesaying“WheninRome,doasthe

Romansdo”whiletravelingabroad.Whatwillyoudotobecomeawelcometourist

ifyougoabroad?Writea300-wordexpositoryessayexpressingyouropinion.

答案：【参考答案】Inrecentyears,therehasbeenasharpincreaseinthe

numberofChinesetouriststravelingabroad.However,alongwiththissurgeare

someuncivilbehaviors,whichhavereceivedfiercecriticism.For

example,sometouristsmaysmoke,talkloudly,throwtrasharound,oreven

scrawlonculturalrelicsinthescenicspots.Personally,Ihatesuch

misbehaviorsandbelievethatwecanbehaveourselvestotacklethisproblem

andtomakeourselveswelcometourists.Howtobecomeawelcometourist?Ihave

thefollowingadvices.First,learnaboutyourdestinationandits

culture.You'llhaveabettertimeifyoudosomeresearchabouttheplace

you'revisitingbeforeyougo,andalsoifyoulearn