北京市顺义牛栏山重点中学2023-2024学年高二年级上册10月月考英语试卷

牛栏山一中2023—2024学年度第一学期10月月考

高二年级英语试卷

2023.10

本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上,

在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分:知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选

出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ThetornadoblewthroughonaSunday.Sincewewerevisitinggrandparentsin

Raleigh,wehadnoideathat70milesawaythebigtreeinourfrontyard]

anddestroyedourhouse.

Whenwereturned,wewere2toseeMr.Floresandhissonsinouryard,

cleaningupthe3yardandcuttingthethickbranchesofthefallentree.They

werecoveredinsweatanddirt.Butthethingis,we_4knewthemthen.

Mr.Floressaid,"Clearly,youcannotsleepinthishousetonight.Comeandspeak

tomywife.She'llhelpyoufigureoutwhattodo."Mymomusuallyhatedtobea

bother,butasshetookinthe5ofourbrokenhomeinthefailinglight,shesigned,

6myhand,andfollowedourneighbortotheirhouse.

“Mywifeischangingthe7onthebedforyou,andthere9ssomelemon

cheesecakeonthetable.^^Mr.Floreopenedthedoorandsaid.

“Pleasedon't8yourself.IthinkI'dcallahotelandseeaboutaroom,^^

mymomsaid.Butbeforeshecouldfinishit,Mrs.Floressmiledatuswarmly,“Your

roomisready.Iknowit'smore9togivethanreceive,butallowyourselfto

receiveaplacetostay,andallowustheopportunitytogiveyousomethingyouneed!^^

WestayedatFloreshomefor2weekswithgreat10.Thetornadoruined

ourhouse,butsurprisinglybridgedourhearttogether.

LA.fellB.flewC.blewD.grew

2.A.delightedB.surprisedC.depressedD.relieved

3.A.quietB.crowdedC.beautifulD.messy

4.A.graduallyB.deeplyC.barelyD.perfectly

5.A.senseB.sightC.dustD.pieces

6.A.reachedforB.appliedforC.waitedforD.searchedfor

7.A.appearanceB.materialC.sheetsD.styles

8.A.troubleB.handleC.delayD.defend

9.A.shockedB.encouragedC.frightenedD.sensitive

10.A.delightB.anxietyC.gratitudeD.expectation

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示间的空白处仅填写1个适当

的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Iusedtohavestagefrightandspeakinginfrontofotherswasarealheadachefor

me.WheneverIhadtogiveaspeech,IwouldfeelH(stress)andanxious.

ButMrSmithchangedeverything.Hebelievedinmeandgavemegreatadviceon

howtoovercomethestagefrightandimprovemyspeakingskills.GraduallyIstarted

tospeak12moreconfidence.LastFriday,I13(ask)togivea

presentationinclass.Insteadoffeelingembarrassed,Ifeltgreatandpresented14

(me)confidently.

B

InChineseculture,nameplaysanimportantroleinChinesepeople'slife.Parents

willspenddaysorevenmonths15(think)hardforasuitablenamefortheirbaby.

WhenpickingoutaChinesename,parentsusuallyselecttwoorthreecharacters

16haveacarefullythoughtoutmeaning,butwhendecidingonanEnglishname,

manyofthemstruggle.That'swhereJessupandhercompany,SpecialName,comein.

Inthelastfewyears,Jessup17(help)name677,900Chinesebabies,andearned

over$400,00intheprocess,morethanenoughtopayhercollegefees.

C

In2018,forthefirsttimeinhistory,wehadmoreelderlypeoplethanchildren

globally.Butasthepopulationofolderpeople18(get)largerandlarger,key

questionsarise:willagingbeaccompaniedbyalongerperiodofgoodhealth?What

arethesocialandeconomic19(consequence)ofthischange?Wecan't

answerthequestionsyet.20wedoknowisthatthemoreelderlypeoplethereare,

themorecasesofage-relateddiseasetherewillbe.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，共38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

VOLUNTEERCENTERS

L.A.Works

RiverCentreandGardens

570W.Ave.26,Ste.400LosAngeles,CA90065

(323)224-6510

Fromartsandcrafts,walkingdogsorsingingtobabies,thisorganizationoffers

manyopportunitiesinLosAngelesfromone-daytolong-termprojects.Volunteers

mustfirstattendatrainingcourse.Someactivitiesaredesignedonlyforadults,sobe

suretoaskifthey'reteen-friendly.

VolunteersofAmerica

3600WilshireBlvd.Ste.1500LosAngeles,CA90010

(213)389-1500

Nationalnon-profitorganizationwithvolunteeropportunitiesinprogramsfor

children,thedevelopmentallydisabled,families,emergencyservices,thehomeless

andmore.

Children'sHospitalofLosAngeles

4650W.SunsetBlvd.LosAngeles,CA90027

(323)669-2371

Teensaged15andoldercanvolunteerhereaftercompletingathree-hourcourse.

Onlythoseaged18andoldercanhavedirectcontactwiththepatients.Teensyounger

than18canstillhelpoutbygreetingpatientsandtheirfamiliesatthefrontdeskand

doingrecordingwork.Thehospitalasksforaminimumofasix-monthcommitment

plus100hoursofservice.Teensworkatleasttwotofourhoursaweek,dependingon

thedepartment,andcanchoosetheirschedule.

FoodonFoot

1625N.SchraderHollywood,CA90028

(310)442-0088

Thisisanon-profitorganizationthatneedsvolunteersonSaturdaysat3:30pmin

VeniceandSundaysat3:30pminHollywood.Volunteerswilldistributeclothingand

foodtothehomelessandpoor.Teensmustbeinterviewedbeforevolunteering.After

serviceiscompleted,theorganizationwillwritealettertogivestudentseitherhigh

schoolorcollegecredit.

CountyofLosAngelesPublicLibrary

Library'sVolunteerCorp.

7400E.ImperialHwy.Downey,CA90242

(562)940-8559,askforCarolRoss

carok@

There9snoagelimitandnoexperiencerequiredforteensinterestedin

volunteeringatthelibrary.Volunteersareneededatallbranches.Allminorsmust

presentwrittenparentalagreement.Servicetimevarieswitheachtask.Teenscan

shelvebooks,createdisplays,tellstories,showfilms,writereportsandmore.

21.Whatcanavolunteeraged16doatChildren'sHospital?

A.Servethepatientsdirectly.

B.Offerhelpatthefrontdesk.

C.Lookafterthepatients9families.

D.Dosomeofficeworkforpatients.

22.Whichactivitywilloffervolunteersschoolcredit?

A.L.A.Works.B.Library9sVolunteerCorp.

C.VolunteersofAmerica.D.FoodonFoot.

23.WhatisspecialaboutCountyofLosAngelesPublicLibrary?

A.Sometasksaren'tteen-friendly.

B.Thevolunteeringtimeisdifferentforeachtask.

C.Teensneedtrainingbeforevolunteering.

D.Volunteershavetogetpermissionfromtheirparents.

B

AdaLovelaceisatalentedmathematicianandapioneeringcomputerengineer.

HerfatherwasLordByron,afamouspoetandoccasionalfreedomfighter,buttoAda

hewasjustanabsentfather.Sheneverknewhim,asjustweeksafterherbirthin1815,

hedivorcedhermotherIsabellaMilbankeByronandlefttofightintheGreekWarof

Independence.InanefforttopreventAdafromdevelopingherfather9sunpredictable

temper,Isabellanotonlytaughtherself-controlbutalsodecidedthatherdaughter

shoulddevoteherlifetostudy,especiallymathematicsandengineering.Unknowingly,

hermotherhadsetAdaonthepathtobecomingoneofthefinestmathematicmindsof

the19thcentury.

Adastudiedharddespitethefactthatsocietydidnotencouragewomenpursuing

interestsinscience.HerlifechangedwhenshemetinventorCharlesBabbageata

party.Ashedemonstratedaworkingsectionofhisdifferenceengine(amechanical

calculator),Adawastakeninbyhowitworkedandwantedtoknowmore.Impressed

bythe17-year-old'sobviouspassion,Babbagebecamehertutor.Shefollowedhis

pathofcreatinga'thinkingmachine9thatcouldsolvemathematicalproblemsand

thenprinttheresults.

Adamarriedin1835andbecameamother,butshecontinuedtotakeanactive

interestinstudy,socialisinginintellectualcircleswiththelikesofCharlesDickens

andMichaelFaraday.

AdastayedincontactwithBabbage,whoin1837hadproposedanewmachine,

theanalyticalengine.In1843,AdawasaskedtotranslateaFrenchtextwrittenby

engineerLuigiMenabreaaboutBabbage'snewdesign.Aftercompletingthe

translation,AdawasencouragedbyBabbagetowriteherownnotesonhiswork.

Afterninemonthsofhardwork,AdapresentedBabbagewithadetailedlistof

notesthatwasthreetimeslongerthantheoriginalarticle.Inhercalculations,Ada

wrotewhatareconsideredthefirstevercomputeralgorithms(算法)tobeusedina

newtypeofmachine.Sheessentiallyprovidedthefirstideasfbrcomputer

programminginwhatwasagroundbreakingproposalonthepotentialofcomputers.

Ada'scontributionswereacenturyaheadoftheirtime.Adadiedofcanceraged

only36andherworkwaslargelyforgottenuntilthe1950swhenhernoteswere

republished.In1979theUSDepartmentofDefencenamedaprogramminglanguage

‘Ada'inherhonour.

24.WhatcanwelearnaboutAdafromthefirstparagraph?

A.Shehadadevotedfather.

B.Hermotherraisedherupalone.

C.Shehadanunpredictabletemper.

D.Herparentsdivorcedbeforeherbirth.

25.Whoarousedherinterestinmathematicsandcomputerengineering?

A.TheinteractionwithCharlesDickens.

B.TheteachingofIsabellaMilbankeByron.

C.TheFrenchtextwrittenbyLuigiMenabrea.

D.ThepresentationofhisinventionbyCharlesBabbage.

26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Ada'snoteswerepublishedonlyonce.

B.Adanamedaprogramminglanguageafterherself.

C.Adaearnedareputationnearlyacenturyafterherdeath.

D.Ada'sworkwaslargelyrecognizedwhenshewasalive.

27.WhichwordscanbestdescribeAda?

A.Modestandsociable.B.Talentedandinnovative.

C.Generousandconsiderate.D.Flexibleandunderstanding.

c

Fromthelossofwildlifetorisingsealevels,we9reallwellawareofthe

problemsthatclimatechangecouldcause.

Butwhileitmayseemlikesuchissueswon'taffectmostofusdirectly,itlooks

likefuturegenerationscouldgrowupwithoutsomethingthatmanyofusnowtakefor

granted:chocolate.

AccordingtoanessaypublishedbytheUSNationalOceanicandAtmospheric

Administration,changestotheclimateintheregionsthatproducecacao—theplant

fromwhichchocolateisproduced--maymeanthatitwillsoonbecomeextinct.

Mostoftheworld'scacaogrowsincountriesinthewettropicalregionscloseto

theequator（赤道）,withoverhalfofitgrowingintheAfricannationsofGhanaand

IvoryCoast.Foroverthepastcoupleofdecadestheclimatehasbeenchanging,with

hot,bone-drywindscomingfromtheSahara,unlikethosewhichnormallycamefrom

theseabringingrainsthatarerecycledbackintotheatmospherebythedensecoastal

rainforests.It'spredictedthatby2050,climatechangewillhaveacceleratedtherate

atwhichtemperaturesinthesecountriesrise,makingitextremelydifficultforcacao

togrowthere.

Risingtemperaturesalonewon'tnecessarilyhurtcacaoproduction.Theproblem

doesn'tlieinincreasedheat,however,butinlowerhumidity（湿度），asifsbelieved

thatrainfallwillstayatthesamelevelifthetemperaturerises.

“Inotherwords,ashighertemperaturessqueezemorewateroutofsoilandplants,

it'sunlikelythatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtomakeupforthewatercontentlossor

moistureloss,“MichonScott,theessay9sauthor,wrote.

Tohelpfightthisproblem,oneadaptationstrategycouldbeprovidingcacao

growerswithselectivelybredseedsthathavesuperiordroughtresistance.Infact,

researchersfromBerkeleyUniversityintheUSareworkingonchangingtheDNAof

cacaoplantstoallowthemtosurviveindryerconditionsbyusinggeneediting

technology,accordingtoUSNews.Anotherstrategyinvolvesatraditionalcacao

growingmethodthattakesadvantageoftheconditionsunderwhichcacaonaturally

grows.Forexample,keepandpreserve,orinsomecasesreplant,otherrainforesttrees,

toprovidecacaotreeswithshade.

Inthemeantime,UScompanyMars,oneoftheworld'sbiggestmanufacturersof

chocolateproducts,announcedinJanuarythatitwouldspend$1billiontohelp

reducetheeffectsofclimatechange.

“Thisisaworldissue,anditrequireseveryonetoworktogether/9Mars

spokespersonBarryParkintoldBusinessInsider.

Themessagehereisthatifwealldoourpart,wemaybeabletopreventsomeof

theworstimpactsofclimatechange.Orifwe'reunlucky,chocolatewillbecomea

thingofthepast.

28.Whatcouldmakeithardforcacaotosurvivearoundtheequatorinthefuture?

A.Theincreasedheatthere.

B.Thehigherhumiditythere.

C.Thedecreaseinrainfallthere.

D.Themoistureloseinthesoilthere.

29.WhichisNOTawaytohelpcacaosurvivetheclimatechange?

A.Replantingcocoatreesintraditionalways

B.Givingfinancialsupporttohelpfightclimatechange

C.Developingcacaoseedsthatcansurviveindryerconditions

D.Usinggeneeditingtechnologytoimprovethecacaoplants'DNA

3O.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthistext?

A.Chocolatecouldbecomehistory

B.Howdowegrowcacaointhefuture

C.Worktogethertofightclimatechange

D.Howdocacaoplantsaffectclimatechange

D

Search“toxicparents”,andyou'llfindmorethan38,000posts,largely

urgingyoungadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone's

mentalhealthfromrudeandviolentparents.However,asapsychoanalyst,Fve

seenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaytomanageconflictsinthefamily,

andIhaveseenthesevereimpactsestrangement（疏远）hasonbothsidesofthe

divide.Thisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.

ResearchbyKarlPillemer,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,indicatesthat1

in4Americanadultshavebecomeestrangedfromtheirfamilies.Ibelievethat's

anundercount,becauseothershavestoppedshortofcompletelycuttingoff

contactbuthaveeffectivelybrokentheties.

“Canceling“yourparentcanbeseenasanextensionofaculturaltrendaimed

atcorrectingimbalancesinpowerandsystemicinequality.Certainlythefamilyis

onesysteminwhichpowerhasneverbeenbalanced,whichcouldpotentiallybe

damaging.

Today9ssocialjusticecallsonustocriticizepowerfulyetharmfulfiguresand

togainpowerforthosewhohavebeenpowerless.Butwhenadultchildrenuse

themosteffectivetooltheyhavethemselvestogainasenseofsecurityandban

theirparentsfromtheirlives,therolesaresimplyswitched,andthepainonly

deepens.

Often,whatIseeinmypracticearecasesoffamilyconflictmismanaged,

powerdynamicsturnedupsidedown.Iseetheterribleeffectofthattrend:

situationswithnowinners,onlyisolated（孤独的）humanswholongtobeknown

andfeelsafeinthepresenceoftheother.

Thecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlyless

dependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed,becauseintheunconscious,

itdoesn'tmatterwhoisdoingtheleaving;thefeelingthatremainsis“beingleft”.

WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,notpermanent

andlastingbreak-up.Howelsecanonelearnhowtonegotiate（协商）needs,to

createboundariesandtotrust?Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnot

throughacceptingthelimitationsandshortcomingsthatcomewithbeinghuman?

Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherof

successfuladjustments.

Topursuedialogueinsteadofestrangementwillbehardandpainfulwork.It

can'tbeasingleprojectof"self-help“，becauseattheendoftheday,realintimacy

（亲密关系）isachievedbyworkingthroughtheinjuriesofthepasttogether.In

mostcasesoffamilyconflict,repairispossibleandpreferabletoestrangement-and

it'sworththework.

31.Whydoyoungpeoplecuttieswiththefamily?

A.Togainanindependentlife.

B.Torestoreharmonyinthefamily.

C.Toprotecttheirpsychologicalwell-being.

D.Tofollowatendencytowardssocialjustice.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch“inParagraph6mean?

A.ResponseB.Operation

C.ProblemD.Highlight

33.Tomanagefamilyconflict,theauthoragreesthatyoungadultsshould.

A.acceptimperfectionoffamilymembers.

B.breakdownboundariesinthefamily

C.gainpowerwithinthefamily

D.liveuptotheirparents9expectations

34.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toadvocateaself-helptrend.

B.Tojustifyacommonsocialvalue.

C.Todiscussameansofcommunication.

D.Toargueagainstacurrentpractice.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Iworkatacommunitylibrary.Manypeopleareundertheassumption（设想）

thatpubliclibrariesarenolongerneededbecauseoftheInternet.Nothingcouldbe

furtherfromthetruth.35

AsimpleInternetsearchfor"cats"producesapproximately2.98billionresultsin

lessthanonesecond.Itisahugenumber!Howdoyouevenbegintosortthroughall

ofthoseresults?Wehearsomuchabout"falsenews”.36Librariansarethere

tohelp.Theyhavebeentrained,throughspecialclassesandworkshops,tosort

throughalloftheresultsandfindcrediblesources.AuthorNeilGaimansaid,"Google

canbringyouback100,000answers.Alibrariancanbringyoubacktherightone79

37Ithelpsconnectpeoplewiththeresourcestheyneedtofindajob,

continuetheireducation,andlearnnewskills.Ithelpsseniorsfindtheresourcesthey

needtokeepupwiththe“modern“world.Ithelpsnewparentsdevelopalovefor

literacy（读写）intheirchildrenandbondwiththem.Ithelpslocalartistsand

craftsmendisplaytheirwork.Ithelpsstudentsfindtheanswerstothoseseemingly

impossiblehomeworkquestions.Itallowspeopletomeetandexchangeideas.

Librariesaresomuchmorethanbooksandinformation.Yes,therearepublic

computers,Internetaccess,movies,music,programsandathousandotherthings.

38Theyareplaceswherepeoplefeelsafeandwelcomed.Theyareplaces

wheresomeonewhohaslimitedresourcescanfreelyaccessmaterialsandequipment

theywouldn'totherwisebeableto.Theycan,attimes,beaharborforsomeonewho

needsaquietplacetoworkorstudy.

Someofthebestmemoriesofmychildhoodinvolvegoingtothelocallibraryand

inspeakingwithmanyothersintheneighborhood,theytoohavethosesame

memories.Theyarepresentlymakingthosesamememorieswiththeirchildrenand

theirgrandchildren.39Idon'tseetheInternetdoingthat.

A.Wedon'tknowwhatsourcestotrust.

B.Thepubliclibraryhelpspeoplebettertheirlives.