16选择性必修一Unit4Exploringpoetry背诵清单（含练习与答案）-2025年高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版2020）

选择性必修一Unit4Exploringpoetry知识背诵清单一、背重点单词1.________________n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧vt.抓紧；领会，理解2._______________adj.复杂的，难懂的n.建筑群；复合体；情结3._______________adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存4._______________adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的5._______________vt.奖励，奖赏n.奖励，回报；悬赏金6._______________n.理想；典范adj.完美的，理想的7._______________vt.经历，经受8._______________vt.拥护，支持，提倡n.拥护者，支持者；辩护律师9._______________vi.&.vt.(使)拐弯，弯曲n.拐弯，弯道10._______________n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得11._______________adv.因此，由此12._______________vi.&.vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)13._______________vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇n.相遇，遭遇，冲突14._______________adj.众多的，许多的15._______________n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛16._______________vt.投射；投，抛；选派角色n.全体演员；投，抛17._______________vt.欠(情):欠(债)18._______________vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责n.责任，责备，指责19._______________adj.棘手的；不饶人的，不宽容的答案：1.grasp2plex3.aside4.remote5.reward6.ideal7.undergo8.advocate9.bend10.claim11.hence12.dare13.encounter14.numerous15.boom16.cast17.owe18.blame19.unforgiving二、用核心词汇1.freezev.(使)冰冻→________________adj.冰冻的；严寒的→_______________dj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的2.implyvt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→________________n.含义；暗示；影响3.detectv.发现，查明，侦察出→________________n.侦探→_______________n.探测器4.contradictwt.&vi.反驳，驳斥；与……相矛盾，相反→_______________adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→_______________n.矛盾5.interpretwt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎vi.口译→_______________n.口译译员→________________n.解释，演经6.patientadj.能忍耐的；有耐心的n.病人；患者→_______________n.耐心，忍耐力→________________adv.耐心地；有毅力地7.constantadj.时常发生的；连续不断的→_______________adv.始终，一直8.logicaladj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________________adv.逻辑上；合逻辑地；有条理地9.mistn.薄雾，水汽→_______________adj.多雾的；薄雾笼罩的；模糊的；不明晰的10.noveln.小说adj.新奇的→_______________n.小说家11.beliefn.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→_______________v.相信→__________________n.不信；怀疑；疑惑12.charactern.性格；特点→____________(also_________)vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画13,toleratevt.容忍；忍受→_______________adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的→__________n.容忍14.distinguishvt.&vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→_______________adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的15.representvt.代表；描绘→_______________adj.典型的，有代表性的n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表16.fascinatevt.&vi.深深吸引，迷住→_______________adj.迷人的；吸引人的→_______________adj.入迷的→________________n.魅力答案：1.freezing;frozen2.implication3.detective;detector4.contradictory;contradiction5.interpreter;interpretation6.patience;patiently7.constantly8.logically9.misty10.novelist11.believe;disbelief12.characterize;characterize13.tolerant;tolerance14.distinguished15.representative16.fascinating;fascinated;fascination【语境活用】1.Manytop____________tookpartintheconference.LiHua_______________hispanytogiveanimpressivespeechatthemeeting.(represent)2.Inthecourtthewitnessesgavetwopletely______________accounts.Thatistosay,theirstatements_______________eachother.(contradict)3.Althoughthe_______________wasoutof_______________,thenursewasstill______________withherworkanddidit_______________.(patient)4.The_______________scientisttoldtheyoungstersitwasimportantto________________realityfromone'sdreams.(distinguish)5.I'mreadinga_______________TheMillontheFloss,whichwaswrittenbythefamous_______________,GeorgeEliot.(novel)6.Ihaveavery_______________attitudetowardsothers.However,thereisalimittowhatonepersoncan_______________,sodon'tchallengemy_______________.(tolerate)答案：1.representatives;represented2.contradictory;contradicted3.patient;patience;patient;patiently4.distinguished;distinguish5.novel;novelist6.tolerant;tolerate;tolerance三、记高频词汇1.patiencen.耐心，忍耐力背词条用法(1)have/losepatiencewith对……有/失去耐心takepatiencetodosth.做某事需要耐心withpatience=patientlyadv.耐心地(2)bepatientwithsb.对某人有耐心背写作佳句①Asfarasweareconcerned,ittakesmuchpatienceandpracticetolearnEnglishwell.就我们而言，学好英语需要很多耐心和练习。②(2020·全国卷I)Shealwaystalkstouswithpatienceandhelpsusfindasolution.她总是耐心地和我们交谈，帮助我们找到解决方法。2.rewardvt.奖励，奖赏n.奖励，回报；悬赏金背词条用法(1)rewardsb.with...用……报答/回报某人rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事而奖赏某人(2)inreward(for..)作为(对……的)报酬asarewardfor..作为对……的报酬give/offerarewardtosb.forsth.为某事而给某人报酬背写作佳句①(2016·北拿高考)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会收获成功的。②(2015·四川高考)InyourPost,yousayyoucanteachEnglishasarewardforanyonehelpingyoulearnMandarin.在你的帖子里，你说作为对任何帮助你学习普通话的人的报酬，你可以教对方英语。3.advocatevt.拥护，支持，提倡n.拥护者，支持者；辩护律师背词条用法(1)advocate(doing)sth.提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事advocatethat...主张……[从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”]Itisadvocatedthat..主张……[从句谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”](2)anadvocateof/for……的提倡者/拥护者背写作佳句①Manyexpertsadvocatereducingtheamountofchildren'shomeworkandalsoadvocatethatchildren(should)begivenmorefreetime.许多专家主张减少孩子们的作业量，也主张给孩子们更多的自由时间。②Itisadvocatedthatstudentsshouldhavetimeforsportsinsteadofstayingintheclassroomallthetime.有人主张学生们应该有做运动的时间，而不是一直待在教室里。4.beliefn.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心背词条用法(1)havebeliefin相信……holdthefirmbeliefthat坚信……confirmsh.inthebeliefthat使某人坚信……(2)indisbelief难以置信；不相信(3)believein信任……背写作佳句①(2020·浙江1月高考)IholdthefirmbeliefthatyouwillbedeeplyimpressedwiththeChineseSpeechContest.我坚信这次中文演讲比赛会给你留下深刻的印象。②Iholdastrongbeliefthatifwebelieveinourselves,wecansucceedinoveringtheepidemic.我坚信，如果我们相信自己，就能成功地战胜疫情。5.darevt.&vi.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)背词条用法daretodosth敢于做某事daresb.todosth.激某人做某事，谅某人无胆量做某事Idaresay我想；很可能；大概背写作佳句①(2015·四川高考)Speakingisveryimportantforlanguagelearning,soyou'dbetterbeonewhodarestomunicatewithothers.“说”对语言学习非常重要，所以你要做一个敢于与人交流的人。②(2018·天津高考)Idaresayourteamistobethewinnerinthematchifyoujoinus.如果你加入我们，我敢说我们队一定会赢得这场比赛。6.tolerantadj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的背词条用法(1)betolerantof对……容忍/宽容(2)tolerate(sb.)doingsth.=stand(sb.)doingsth.=bear(sb.)doing/todosth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事背写作佳句①(2014·湖北高考)Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehimatolerantsmileandlethimgo.她没有责怪那个打碎了花瓶的孩子，而是给了他一个宽容的微笑，并让他走了。②Atruefriendisonewhooverlooksyourfailuresandtoleratesyourshortings.真正的朋友是宽容你的失败、容忍你的缺点的人。7.distinguishvt.&vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众背词条用法(1)distinguishbetweenAandB区分A和Bdistinguish..from..把……与……区分开来distinguishoneselfas作为……而出名(2)bedistinguishedfor..因……而出名bedistinguishedas...作为……而出名背写作佳句①(2021·浙江6月高考)Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy.根据一项新的研究，狗可能确实能够区分人快乐和愤怒的表情。②(2019·北京高考)BeijingdistinguishesitselfasthecapitalofChina,whichhasmanyplacesofinterest.北京作为中国的首都而闻名，有许多名胜古迹。8.owevt.欠(情);欠(债);归功于……背词条用法owesb.sth欠某人某物；应给予某人某物owesth.tosth把某事归功于某人oweittosb.that...把……归功于某人owingto...因为；由于背写作佳句①(2020·全国卷I)MyEnglishteacherissuchagreatsoul,towhomIowemanythanks.我的英语老师如此伟大，我非常感激他。②Ioweallmyachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommyteachers.我把所有的成就都归功于老师们对我的鼓励和帮助。③Owingtotheirpatienceanddetermination,ouractivityhasbeeagreatsuccess.由于他们的耐心和决心，我们的活动非常成功。9.blamevt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责n.责任，责备，指责背词条用法(1)blamesb.forsth./doingsth.为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任/受责备(2)put/laytheblameforsth.onsb.将某事归咎于某人taketheblame(for)应(为……)承担责任/受责备背写作佳句①Thoughhewastoblamefortheincident,weallforgavehimconsideringhispositiveattitude.尽管他该为此事负责，但考虑到他的积极态度我们都原谅了他。②Youshouldn'tputtheblameonothers.Youshouldreflectonyourownaction.你不应该把责任推给别人。你应该反省一下自己的行为。四、短语再现l.__________________发现，搜集，查明 2.__________________渴望3.__________________把……放一边；留出 4.__________________充满……5.__________________值得某人花费力气 6.__________________超越一般现实7.__________________建立，开发；增强 8.__________________不得体，不适当；位置不当9.__________________醒目，显眼，引人注目 10.__________________与某事终止关联，破除11.___________________重视，强调，把重点放在…… 12.__________________在某事上与某人意见一致13.__________________伸手去拿 14.__________________有影响，有作用15.__________________别无选择只好做某事 16.__________________深深根植于……17.___________________进而；反过来；依次 18.__________________使……有别于……19.__________________体谅；考虑到，估计到 20.__________________使自己熟悉/了解/通晓……答案：1.digup2.longfor3.setsth.aside4.fillupwith5.beworthone'seffort6.gobeyondnormalreality7.buildup8.outofplace9.stickout10.breakwithsth.11.putemphasison...12.agreewithsb.onsth.13.reachoutfor14.makeadifference15.havenochoicebuttodosth.16.bedeeplyrootedin17.inturn18.distinguish...from...19.makeallowancefor20.familiarizeoneselfwith短语活用1.setsth.aside把……放一边；留出背词条用法setout(todo)开始做/着手进行；打算；故意；陈述setabout(doingsth.)着手(做某事)setup设立，建立setdown写下，记下setoff出发，引爆，引起背写作佳句①(2020·浙江1月高考)IsincerelyhopeyoucansetasidesometimefortheChineseSpeechContest.我真诚地希望你能抽出一些时间来参加这次中文演讲比赛。②Hewillsetdownallhisimportantthoughtsinhisdiarywhentheyarefreshinhismind.当重要的想法在他脑海中还新鲜时，他会把它们记在日记里。2.buildup逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；开发；积累；创办背词条用法pickup捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载takeup拿起；开始；从事；占据(时间或空间)makeup虚构；弥补；组成breakup分裂；打碎；结束；解体；分手；放假背写作佳句①(2020·全国卷I)Byparticipatinginsuchactivities,webuiltupourstrength,improvedourskillsandstrengthenedoursenseofcooperation.通过参加这些活动，我们强健了体魄，提高了技能，增强了合作意识。②Imustgetridofthislargetable—ittakesuptoomuchroom.我必须把这张大桌子搬走——它占用太多的空间。3.outofplace不得体，不适当；位置不当背词条用法(1)inplace在适当的位置；适当inplaceof...代替……,取代……inthefirstplace首先；第一(2)takeplace发生；举行taketheplaceof..代替……;取代……takeone'splace代替某人；就位；入座背写作佳句①(2021·全国甲卷)Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblueskydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.没有我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天，我感到茫然和不自在。②(2019·全国卷I)Inthefirstplace,withagoodmandofEnglish,I'mquitequalifiedforthejob.首先，由于精通英语，我完全能胜任这项工作。4.havenochoicebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事背词条用法havenoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事can'tdosthbutdosth别无选择只好做某事candonothingbutdosth.别无选择只好做某事背写作佳句Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wehavenoalternative/choicebuttofacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.=Failureisthemotherofsuccess.Sometimes,inordertosucceed,wecandonothingbutfacefailurebravelyandlearnfromit.失败乃成功之母。有时候，为了成功，我们不得不勇敢地直面失败并从中吸取教训。知识背诵检测I.单词拼写1.Theteacher'ssmile_____________(表明)thatshehadforgivenme.2.Atthattime,wedidnotfully____________(理解)thesignificanceofwhathadhappened.3.Theoceanecosystemismadeupofvery_____________(复杂的)foodchains.4.Duetotheeconomicdepression,theItalianindustrialproductionis____________(经历)aperiodofdecline.5.Thesilentgirl____________(使出众)herselfintheEnglishSpeechpetition,whichattractedtheattentionofthewholeclass.6.Nowadays,healthylifestylesarebeing____________(提倡)insociety.7.Manypeopleholdafirm____________(看法)thatthecureforcancerwillbefoundoneday.Ⅱ.语境辨义(写出加黑部分的汉语意思)1.(2021·金国乙卷)Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled"Strawpocalypse",apairof10foottallplasticwaves,frozenmidcrash.____________2.(2020·江苏高考)LoveFone,apanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem,openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2016.____________3.(2018·天津高考)Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.____________4.(2017·金国卷Ⅱ)IwishthatyoucouldgraspthisopportunitytolearntraditionalChineseculturefurther.5.(熟词生义)Thedogsarecagedupatnight.____________6.(熟词生义)(2017·金国卷Ⅲ)Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.____________7.(熟词生义)Sheclaimeddamagesfromthepanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered.____________Ⅲ.单句语法填空1.Teachingyoungchildrenisnoteasybutchallenging,whichneedsgreat____________(patient)andskills.2.Teachershaveto____________(constant)updatetheirknowledgeinordertomaintaintheirprofessionalpetence.3.Outwardlysheseemedconfidentbutin____________(real)shefeltextremelynervous.4.Ifyouwanttoswaysomeonetoyourside,youneedtoconvincethememotionallyand____________(logic).5.Weadvocate____________(solve)internationaldisputebynegotiation,insteadofappealingtoarms.6.ThisfunctionoftheInternetisparticularly____________(strike)whenI'mwriting.7.Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestomaintainthe____________(stable)ofhouseprices.IV.选词填空havenochoicebutto,setaside,makeallowancefor,breakwith,inturn,berootedin,familiarizeoneselfwith,asidefrom,outofplace,makeadifference1.Asyougrowwiser,youshould________________________youroldideas.2.Languagelearningshould________________________reality,theworldandthefuture.3.Whenwe'replanningforatrip,weshould________________________theweather.4.TillnowMaryhasnotyet________________________theuseofthisnewapplication.5.Itryto________________________afewminuteseachdaytohelpmymotherdothehousework,thoughIamverybusy.6.Theoryisbasedonpractice,and________________________servespractice.7.Ifhewasabletogetothers'encouragement,itwould________________________tohim.8.Hehasnotshownup.Butwe________________________wait.9.________________________beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.10.Someofthesebooksare________________________,makingthewholeroommessy.V.关联词汇用准用活1.用活——同义试试看(用本单元词汇替换黑体词汇)①Whenhewentabroad,hefoundthenewsurroundingshardtoputupwith.____________②Lukeseizedherarmfirmlyandledherthroughthegate.____________③Theartistshadlittlefaithinthepoliticalleaderwhocametopowerafterthewar.____________④Studentsmus