阅读理解之说明文 解析版 2022届高三英语百所名校好题分类快递

2022届高三英语百所名校好题分类快递

专题03（阅读理解之说明文）解析版

01黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2022届高三开学考试英语试题

话题：人与社会主题：太空种植食物新方法

Nomatterhowexcitingspaceexplorationsounds,there5savitalpointaboutitthatneedstobeconsidered:

foodsupplies.Rightnow,astronautstypicallyrelyondryfoodinairtightbagsandcans,sincetherearestrictweight

limitsonitemstakenintospace.Foodsthatwetakeforgranted,suchasfreshfruitsandvegetables,areoutofthe

questionforspaceexplorers.-

Forthosewho'veattemptedtogrowfoodduringspacemissions,they'vefacedmanydifficulties,including

theabsenceofgravity,andalackofsoil,airandhumidity（湿度）.However,asShaneTopham,anengineerwith

SpaceDynamicsLaboratoryatUtahStateUniversityintheUS,toldNASA,"Growingfoodtosupplementand

minimizethefoodthatmustbecarriedtospacewillbeincreasinglyimportantonlong-durationmissions.^^

Greateffortshavebeenmadetoexploretheconceptofspacefarming.Recently,ateamledbyFedericoMaggi

attheUniversityofSydneyinAustraliafiguredouthowplantscanabsorbnutrientsfromhumanurine（尿），as

reportedbyNewScientistonMarch27/

Afterover20yearsofexperiments,theresultssuggestedthathumanurinecouldsupplythreetofouroutofthe

sixnutrientsthatplantsneed.Theresearchersalsofoundoutthaturine-fertilizedplantsproducenoharmful

by-products,suchascarbondioxideorammonia（氨）.

AccordingtoNewScientist,humanurineis95percentwater,withtheother5percentcomposedofnutrients

whichareharmfultothehumanbodybutnottoplants.Theadvantageofthisurine-fueledlifesupportsystemis

obvious:Byrecyclingliquidwasteandproducingfood,anefficientcyclewillbecreated.

Andmostimportantly,saidNewScientist,thedurationofspacemissionswillbegreatlyextendedto"20years

offlight”,meaningwemaybesoonsendingastronautsonmissionstoMars,orevenbeyond.

13.Spacefarmingisimportantmainlybecause.

A.foodbroughtfromEarthgoesbadeasilyduringspaceflights

B.itwillkeepastronautsbusywhentheyareonlong-termspacemissions

C.itcouldprovidefreshfoodandreducetheneedtobringfoodfromEarth

D.it'sawayfbrastronautstolearnmoreabouttheenvironmentinspace

14.WhatcanwelearnfromtheUniversityofSydneyresearch?

A.Humanurineisharmlesstoplants.

B.Humanurineprovidessixnecessarynutrientsforplants.

C.Urinefertilizerissaferandmoreproductivethanchemicalfertilizer.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsonlyreleaseasmallamountofcarbondioxide.

15.Whatisthebiggestadvantageofusinghumanurineforspacefarming,accordingtoNewScientist?

A.Itcouldpavethewayforlong-termspaceflights.-

B.Itdoeslittleharmtotheenvironmentinspace.

C.Itwillgreatlyreducethecostoffarminginspace.

D.Urine-fertilizedplantsarehealthierandtastebetter.

16.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Thesignificanceofspacefarming.

B.Apossiblenewwaytogrowfoodinspace.

C.Howtousehumanurinetoproducefoodinspace.

D.Problemsfacingastronautsonlong-termspaceflights.

13-16CAAB

本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了科学家们通过研究找出了一种可以在太空中种植食物的方法并阐述了

这一方法的优势和发展前景。

13.Co细节理解题。根据第一段第三句以及第二段uGrowingfoodtosupplementandminimizethefoodthat

mustbecarriedtospacewillbeincreasinglyimportantonlong-durationmissions.可知，太空农场之所以重要，

主要是因为它可以提供新鲜的食物，减少从地球带来食物的需求。故选C。

14.Ao细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AccordingtoNewScientist,humanurineis95percentwater,withthe

other5percentcomposedofnutrientswhichareharmfultothehumanbodybutnottoplants.可知，我们能从

悉尼大学的研究中学到人类尿液对植物无害。故选A一

15.Ao细节理解题。根据最后一段"Andmostimportantly,saidNewScientist,thedurationofspacemissionswill

begreatlyextendedto"20yearsofflight”,meaningwemaybesoonsendingastronautsonmissionstoMars,or

evenbeyond,"可知，据《新科学家》报道，将人类尿液用于太空养殖的最大优势是这可能为长期太空飞行

铺平道路。故选Ao-

16.Bo主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段第二句可知，本文讲述了科学家们通过一系列研究，

找出了•种可以在太空中种植食物的方法并阐述了这一方法的优势和发展前景，所以这篇课文的主要内容

是在太空种植食物的一种可能的新方法。故选B。

02宁夏银川一中2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题

话题：人与社会主题：艺术疗法治疗抑郁症和焦虑症

Art——nomatterwhetheryouchoosetocreateityourselforsimplyobserveandenjoyit—isarelaxingand

inspiringactivityformanypeople.However,theparticularbenefitsofartisticexpressiongomuchfurther.

Studiessuggestthatarttherapy（疗法）canbeveryvaluableintreatingissuessuchasdepressionandanxiety

disorder.Itisagreatwaytoexpressyouremotionswithoutwords,processcomplexfeelingsandfindrelief.

Youdon'tnecessarilyhavetoseeatherapistinordertoexperiencesomeofthebenefitsofartisticexpression.

Therearemanysimpleactivitiesyoucantryfromthecomfortofyourhomesuchasartjournaling,drawing,making

collections,sculptingwithclay,etc.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatmediayouchoose.Theonlythingthatmattersisthatyou

feelcomfortableusingit.Humanbeingsarenaturallycreative,andallyouneedtodotocompleteanarttherapy

activitysuccessfullyistobewithyourselfandyouremotions.Onceyoufreeyourcreativity,yourinnerartistwill

quicklywakeup.

However,workingwithalicensedtherapistalsohasitsadvantagebecauseaprofessionalcantailoreach

activitytoyourownneeds.Iftheactivitiesaredoneinagroup,theyareexcellentforbuildinghealthyconnections

withotherpeople,whichmaybeveryhelpfulifyouarefightingdepression.

Expertsagreethatarttherapyhasmanybenefits,frompromotingyourself-respect,andprovidingyouasafe

outlettorelieveyouremotions,togivingyouasenseofcontroloveryourlifeandhelpingyoutogettoknowand

understandyourselfbetter.Duringtheprocessofartcreation,youwillbetakingyourselfonajourneyof

self-discoverythatwillhelpyougetridofemotionalroadblocks,andlearnhowtocommunicatewithyourselfand

others/

8.Whatisarttherapyusedfor?

A.Learningdrawingskills/B.Expressingartwithwords.

C.Preventingphysicaldiseases.D.Improvingmentalhealth.-

9.Tofinishasuccessfularttherapy,you'dbetter.

A.haveagiftforartB.haveastrongwill

C.behonestwithyourselfD.holdbackyouremotions-

10.Whyaregroupactivitiesneededwhendealingwithdepression?

A.Tosetanexample.B.topromotecommunication/

C.Tobuildupfriendships.D.Towakeuptheinnerartist.

11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.Explaintheadvantagesofarttherapy.B.Givesomedetailsaboutartcreation.

C.Providesomeadvicefbrreaders.-D.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.

8.D9.C10.B11.A

本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，艺术疗法在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等问题上非常有价值，并介绍了艺术

疗法的优点一

8.细节理解题。根据第二段中的uStudiessuggestthatarttherapy(?TY£)canbeveryvaluableintreatingissues

suchasdepressionandanxietydisorder.可知，研究表明，艺术疗法在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等问题上非常有

价值。由此可知，艺术疗法用于改善心理健康。故选D项。

9.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Humanbeingsarenaturallycreative,andallyouneedlodotocompleteanarl

therapyactivitysuccessfullyistobewithyourselfandyouremotions.”可知，人类天生就有创造力，要想成功

完成艺术治疗活动，你所需要做的就是忠于你自己和你的情感。故选C项。

10.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Iftheactivitiesaredoneinagroup,theyareexcellentforbuilding

healthyconnectionswithotherpeople,whichmaybeveryhelpfulifyouarefightingdepression.w可知，如果这

些活动是在一个小组中进行的，那么它们对于与其他人建立健康的联系是非常好的，如果你正在与抑郁症

作斗争，这可能会非常有帮助。故选B项。•

11.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的uExpertsagreethatarttherapyhasmanybenefitsv以及下文可知，在最

后一段作者打算解释艺术疗法的优点。故选A项。

03吉林省长春外国语学校2021-2022学年高三上期期初考试英语试

话题：人与社会主题：帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统

Expertsbelievethatthebesttimetoteachkidslanguageskillsiswhentheyarebabies.Mosttimesthetaskis

easilyaccomplishedwithparentsreadingortalkingtotheirbabies.However,insomecasesthatisnotpossibledue

toparents*busyworkschedulesorwhenkidsareborndeaf.Now,ablue-eyedrobot,ahumanimage,andsome

high-techneurosciencemaybeabletoassistparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask.

TheRobotAVatarthermal-Enhancedsystem,orRAVE,isthebrainchildofateamofresearchersledby

Laura-AnnPetitto,aneducationalneuroscientist.Thelearningprocessbeginswhentherobot'scamera,whichis

focusedonthebaby'sface,noticestinychangesinhis/herbodytemperature.This,combinedwiththebaby'sfacial

expression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby'sattentiontoacomputerscreen,onwhichahuman

imagestartstocommunicatewiththebaby.Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theimagemight

respond,“Areyoupointingtome?”andfollowthatupwithanurseryrhymeorfairytale,allinAmericanSign

Language（ASL）.The“conversation“continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.

Theresearchersfoundthatbabiesasyoungas6to8monthsoldbegantomovetheirhandsinarhythmsimilar

toASLaftercommunicatingwithRAVEforjustafewminutes.Petittosaysnaturallanguage,whether

communicatedthroughspeechorsign,activates（激活）thesamepartsofthebrainandbelievestherhythmic

motionprovesthebabiesarelearningtheessentialelementsofcommunication.

Whatsetsthistechniqueapartfromothermethods,suchasshowingeducationalvideosortelevisionshows,is

itsinteractive（互动的）natureandreal-timeresponsetothebaby'sactions.Theresearcherssaythatwhileitistoo

earlytodeterminethesystem'slong-terminfluenceonbabycommunication,theinitialresponsehasbeenvery

encouraging.Next,theyplantointroducearobotthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies.

8.WhatcantheRAVEsystemhelpparentsdo?

A.Improvebabies'healthcondition.

B.Takegoodcareofbabies.

C.Developbabies*languageskills.

D.Keepcompanywithbabies.

9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.HowbabieslearnASLeffectively.

B.Howparentseducatetheirbabies.

C.Howrobotstalkandreadtobabies.

D.HowtheRAVEsystemworks.

10.WhatindicatesbabiesarelearningwiththehelpoftheRAVEsystem?

A.InterestinvideosandTVshows.

B.Changesintheirbodytemperature.

C.Improvementintheirnaturallanguage

D.HandmovementsinarhythmlikeASL.

11.WhatdotheresearchersthinkoftheRAVEsystem?

A.Promising.B.Impractical.C.Satisfactory.D.Disappointing.

8.C9.D10,DILA

这是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作

原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。

8.细节理国军题。根据第——段最后——句“Now,ablue-eyedrobot,ahumanimage,andsomehigh-techneuroscience

maybeabletoassistparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask”以及第二段内容可知，RAVE系统可以帮

助父母提高婴儿的语言能力，故选C。

9.主旨大意题。根据第二段中的"Thelearningprocessbeginswhentherobot'smunicatewiththe

baby”可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理，故选D。•

10.细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，在和RAVE系统交流之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏

移动他们的手，这说明婴儿在RAVE系统的帮助下正在学习。故选D。

11.推理判断题。根据第四段中的“theinitialresponsehasbeenveryencouraging.Next,theyplantointroducea

robotthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies”可知，最初的反应是令人鼓舞的，因此研究人员计划推出下一个

机器人。据此可知，研究人员认为这种系统是充满希望的，故A项“很有前途的，大有希望的“符合语境，

故选Ao

04广东省深圳市六校2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题

话题：人与社会主题：面部识别算法助力识别戴面具

It'spossiblethatyourphone'sface-unlockmightfinallybeabletoworkwhileyou'rewearingamask.

Researchershavefoundthatfacialrecognitionalgorithms(算法)aregettingbelteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,

accordingtodatapublishedonTuesdaybytheNationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(NIST).Using

independenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynot

beasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.

WhenNISTfirstexaminedmasks,effectonfacialrecognitioninJuly2020,itfoundthatalgorithmsweren't

greatatidentifyingfaceswithmasks.uFacerecognitioncanmakeerrors,whichcanimplicatepeopleforcrimesthey

haven?tcommitted,writestheElectronicFrontierFoundation(EFF).“ItisparticularlybadatrecognizingAfrican

Americansandotherethnicminorities,women,andyoungpeople."Butthepandemichasgivendevelopersplenty

oftimetofocusonthemaskproblem,andNIST'sdatashowsthatfacialrecognitionalgorithmsaregettingbetterat

workingwithmaskedfaces."Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshow

significantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,"thereportreads.NIST'spublic

rankingforfacialrecognitiontestsbearsoutthisreport.Eightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05

percent.

Nevertheless,thereremainanumberoflimitationstothestudy.NISTresearchersdidnotemployactualimages

ofmaskedfaces.Instead,theyappliedmasksdigitallytoensureconsistencyacrossthesample.Asaresult,t4We

werenotabletogetathoroughsimulation（模仿）oftheendlessvariationsincolor,design,shape,texture,andways

maskscanbeworn,“thereportstates.Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,

buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.

8.Recognizingmaskedfaceswithfacialrecognitionsystemsusedtobethoughtas.

A.effectiveB.impossibleC.easyD.challenging

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“bearout“inParagraph3mean?

A.Make.B.Prove.C.Deny.D.Oppose.-

10.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthestudy?

A.Thewaytowearmasksmayaffectrecognitionaccuracy.

B.Thedesignofamaskmakesnodifferencetofacialrecognition.

C.Facialrecognitionfailurerateswerequitelowatthebeginning.

D.Theresearchersadoptedrealsurgicalmaskstoensuretheaccuracy.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LimitationsofFacialRecognitionSoftware

B.TheChallengeofRecognizingMaskedFaces-

C.TheimprovementinFacialRecognitionAlgorithms

D.DifferentApplicationsofFacialRecognitionTechnology

8.D9.B10.A11.C

本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，面部识别算法在识别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。

8.推理判断题。根据第一段aUsingindependenttestingofmorethan150separatefacialrecognitionalgorithms,

thenewreportsuggestsmasksmaynotbeasbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought.（通

过对150多种不同的面部识别算法进行独立测试，这份新报告表明，面具对于面部识别系统来说可能不像

最初想象的那样是个大问题。）”中的asbigaproblemforfacialrecognitionsystemsasinitiallythought可知，

使用面部识别系统识别蒙面面孔曾被认为是一种很有挑战性的（challenging）技术。故选D项。

9.词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Afterthepandemic,somedevelopershavesubmittedalgorithmswhichshow

significantlyimprovedaccuracyandarenowamongthemostaccurateinourtest,“thereportreads.（“大流行之

后，一些开发人员已经提交了算法，这些算法显著提高了准确性，现在在我们的测试中是最准确的，”报

告写道。）”以及aEightdifferentalgorithmsnowholdfalseratesbelow0.05percent.（现在有八种不同的算法

将错误率控制在0.05%以下。）”可知，报告称算法提高了正确性，其中八种错误率在0.05%以下，进一

步推出，该公共排名证实了这个报告。bearoul意为“证实，证明”。故选B项。

10.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thedigitalmaskwasabluesurgicalmaskcoveringthefullwidthoftheface,

buttestersnotedthatperformancevariedconsiderablydependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface.（数

字口罩是一种覆盖整个脸部宽度的蓝色外科口罩，但测试人员注意到，性能差异很大，取决于口罩放在脸

上的高度。）”中的dependingonhowhighthemaskwasplacedontheface可知，戴口罩的方式会影响识别

的正确性。故选A项。-

11.主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段"Researchershavefoundthatfacialrecognitionalgorithms（算

法）aregettingbetteratrecognizingfacesinmasks,（研究人员发现，面部识别算法（somelhingsomething）在识

别戴面具的面孔方面表现得越来越好。）”可知，文章主要关于人脸识别算法的改进在识别戴面具的面孔

方面表现越来越好。C项“人脸识别算法的改进”符合题意，适合做标题。故选C项。

05湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2021-2022学年高三上期入学考试英语试题

话题：人与社会主题：BeMyEyes一视力受损用户福音网站

Whenaskedhowtechnologymightimprovethelivesofpeoplewithvisionimpairments（视力障碍）.Joann

Becker,avisionimpairmentstechspecialist,presentedamisleadinglysimplechallenge,saying"I'dliketobeable

tofindmybusstopthroughBeMyEyes”.

BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusers

andsightedvolunteers.Theassumptionissimple:Manypeoplewhoareblinddon'tneedanyactualassistancein

completingtheirdailytasks,butmerelyneedalittlehelp.

Asightedvolunteermightbeaskedtohelpidentifywhichoftwocanscontainstomatoes.Inthiscase,the

visuallyimpairedusercancookamealjustfineonhis/herown--allhe/sheneedsisaquickconfirmationthathe/she

hasthecorrectcan.Themodelappearstobeworking;morethan540.000volunteersandnearly40.000peoplewith

lowvisionareregisteredontheapp.

“Anelderlywomancannowhelpavisuallyimpairedtechniciansetuphiscomputer.^^saysfounderHans

Wiberg,whohasverylowvision.€€Shedoesn*tneedtoknowathingaboutcomputers.Sheonlyneedstoreadwhat

ispresentedonthescreen.Thenhecandotherest.”

Earlyassistivetechnologycenteredondedicateddevices（专用设备）,becauseofthenichemarket（小众市场），

whichsoldforhundredsoreventhousandsofdollars.ButtheSmartphone,multipurposeandnear-universal,has

completelychangedtheeconomyofscale,"Therearelargermarketforcesdrivinghigh-poweredcomputation,

high-qualityengineeringandhigh-qualitybatterymanagementinthesmartphonemarketthanthoseinaspecialty

product."saysAaronSteinfeld,aresearchprofessorattheRoboticsInstituteatCarnegieMellonUniversity.

“Therealityismostsightedpeopledon*tknowsomebodywhoisbind.,,Beckersays."Theythinkthesolutions

thatablindpersonneedsarefarmoreexpansive.Itturnsouttheyneedtobe."Ithinktheseappsareenablingsighted

peopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneedsomesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives.”

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphusedforinthetext?

A.Givingoneexample.B.Showingthemainidea.

C.Makingaconclusion.D.Introducingthetopic.

13.HowdoestheappBeMyEyeswork?

A.Bycreatingavideolinkbetweenthevisuallydisabledandsightedvolunteers.

B.Byrecognizingwhichoftwocanshastomatoesthatcanbecooked.

C.Byestablishinghigh-qualityengineeringandcomputation.

D.Byflashingtheeverydaytasksofthetechnicianandvolunteers.-

14.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

A.Slightassistancecanhelptheblindfreefromsometroubles.

B.Volunteersshouldbeveryfamiliarwithhigh-techcomputers.

C.Onlypeoplewithlowvisionareregisteredtousetheapp.

D.JoannBeckerthinksithardtofindabusstopusingBeMyEyes.

15.Whatdoesthe5thparagraphmainlymean?

A.Thesmartphonebecomesaspecialapp.

B.Finedeviceshavechangedtheeconomy.

C.Costmatterswhenitcomestoassistivetechnology.

D.Smartphonemarkethasgreateconomicpotential.

12.D13.A14.A15.D

本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍BeMyEyes。它在2015年上线，在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之

间建立了直接视频连接。

12.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句"BeMyEyes,whichwentlivein2015,establishesadirectvideo

connectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsightedvolunteers.（《做我的眼睛》于2015年上线，在视力受损

用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接）”结合下文对该产品的介绍可知，这是本文的主题。由此

推知，第一段是为了引出文章话题。故选D项。

13.细节理解题。根据第二段establishesadirectvideoconnectionbetweenvisuallyimpairedusersandsighted

volunteers.（在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接）”可知，theappBeMyEyes是通过

在视力受损用户和视力正常志愿者之间建立了直接视频连接来工作的。故选A项。

14.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Ithinktheseappsareenablingsightedpeopletoseethatblindpeoplejustneed

somesimplecluestohelpthemdoanynumberofthingsintheirlives（我认为这些应用程序让视力正常的人看

到，盲人只需要一些简单的线索就可以帮助他们在生活中做很多事情）”可知，轻微的帮助可以帮助盲人摆

脱一些麻烦。故选A项。，

15.段落大意题。根据第五段的主要内容，尤其“ButtheSmartphone,multipuiposeandnear-universal,has

completelychangedtheeconomyofscale.（但多用途、近乎通用的智能手机已经彻底改变了规模经济）”可知，

本段主要陈述智能手机市场经济潜力巨大。故选D项。

06宁夏银川一中2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题

话题：人与社会主题：正能量电影有助于人们克服恐惧

Thespidershavelong,scarylegs.Somespidersevenbite.ButSpider-Manisanotherstory.Hemighthelp

peopleseespiderslessnegatively,anewstudyfinds.

AfterMenachemBen-Ezra,aproudfanoftheMarvel（漫威漫画公司）filmsandalsoapsychologist,sawthe

movieAnt-ManandtheWasp（黄蜂），liewalkedoutwithasuddenscientificideathatheshouldmeasurepeople

beforetheywentintothetheater,andafterwardstoseeifthefearofantswouldbereducedorchanged.

Ben-Ezraandhiscolleaguesasked424peoplequestions,aboutone-quarterofthemaboutspiders,suchas"Did

theyfindthemscary?”"Didseeingonemaketheirheartsraceandpalmssweat?”Asecondgroupreceivedsimilar

questions,thistimeaboutants.Thelasttwogroupsgotthesamequestionsaboutotherinsects.Afterward,everyone

watchedvideos.GrouponegotaSpider-Manmovie.GrouptwosawAnt-ManandtheWasp.Groupsthreeandfour

watchedunrelatedvideo-wheatwavingpeacefullyinthebreeze.

Afterviewingthemovie,Ben-Ezraagainaskedtheparticipantshowtheyfeltaboutspiders,antsorinsectsin

general-andfoundtheantandspiderexposuresseemedtomakepeopleinsensitiveandlessafraid.Between3.5and

6.1percentofpeopleexperiencesuchaphobia（恐惧症）ofspiders.Phobiascanstoppeoplefromtraveling,

workingandenjoyingtheirlives.

Ben-Ezrahopesthattheirmovieresearchmighthelppeoplewithphobias.Buttheycautionthatpeoplewith

phobiasshouldn'tjustrunoutandwatchmoviesandexpecttheirfearstogoaway."Whatwedidisonlythefirst

stepinaverylongroad.”Ben-Ezrasays."Wedidn'tsayyou'llbecured.Wedon'thaveevidenceforthat."But

eventually,presentingpeople'sfearsinapositivecontext-suchasasuperheromovie—mighthelppeoplesurmount

theirfearordisgust.Afterall,ifspidersproduceSpicier-Man,maybethey'renotsobad.

12.HowdidBen-Ezraconductthestudy?

A.Bydoinglabexperiments.B.Byaskingquestions.

C.Byanalyzingformerdata.D.Byobservation.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordt6surmounf,inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Delete.B.Regain.

C.Discover.D.Overcome.

14.WhatdidBen-Ezraadvisepeopletodowithphobias?

A.Theyshouldnottrytofacetheirphobias.

B.Theyshouldtravel,workandenjoytheirlives.

C.Theyshouldadoptapositiveattitudetotheirfear.

D.Theymustkeepawayfromtheinsectstheyfear.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheMoviesabouttheInsectFear

B.ThePositiveEnergyofSuperheroes

C.TheCartoonCharactersMadebyMarvel

D.FightingSpiderFearwithSpider-Man

12.B13.D14.C15.D

本文是一篇说明文，介绍了正能量的电影有助于帮助人们克服对某个事物的恐惧一

12.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ben-Ezraandhiscolleaguesasked424peoplequestions,aboutone-quarterof

themaboutspiders,suchas“Didtheyfindthemscary?”"Didseeingonemaketheirheartsraceandpalmssweat?”

Asecondgroupreceivedsimilarquestions,thistimeaboutants.Thelasttwogroupsgotthesamequestionsabout

otherinsects.“可知，Ben-Ezra通过询问他人一些关于蜘蛛，蚂蚁等昆虫的问题来开展这项研究，故B项正

确一

13.词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“presentingpeople'sfearsinapositivecontext-suchasasuperheromovie”可

知，把人们的恐惧呈现在一个像超级英雄电影这样的积极背景下的影响也应该是积极的，即：帮助人们克

服恐惧或厌恶，由此可知画线词词义为“克服”，故D项正确。

14.推理判断题。根据最后一段内容，特别是根据"Buttheycautionthatpeoplewithphobiasshouldn'tjustrun

outandwatchmoviesandexpecttheirfearstogoaway.可知，他们警告说，患有恐惧症的人不应该只是跑

出去看电影，期望他们的恐惧消失，由此可知，Ben-Ezra建议患有恐惧症的人对自己的恐惧要采取积极的

态度，故C项正确一

15.主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中后两句可知，研究发现蜘蛛侠可以帮助人们减少对蜘蛛

的负面看法；再根据最后一段后两句可知，把人们的恐惧呈现在一个积极的背景下，比如一部超级英雄电

影，可能会帮助人们克服恐惧或厌恶，因此本文介绍的是正能量的电影有助于帮助人们克服对某个事物的

恐惧，故D项（用蜘蛛侠来对抗对蜘蛛的恐惧）适合作文章标题。

07山东省青岛市2021-2022学年高三上学期期初考英语试

话题：人与社会主题：盲目阅读不可取

IntheAncientGreekworld,onewasmeanttofocusonacloseknowledgeofjusttwobooks.Homer'sOdyssey

andhisIliad,becausethesewerethebestguidestoactioninmilitaryandcivilianaffairs.However,themodem

worldfirmlyequalstheintelligentpersonwiththewell-readperson.

Nowadays,ifwedonotrushtoreadfourofthisyear'smajorprizewinningbooks,wewillfeelguiltyathowfar

behindweare.Wethinkthatthereshouldbenolimittohowmuchwereadbecauseinanswertothequestionofwhy

weread,thereisonlyoneresponsethatwilleverbeambitiousenough:wereadinordertoknoweverything.

Butthistiringapproachtoreadingdoesnotmakeusparticularlyhappy.Soinordertoeaseandsimplifyour

lives,wemighthaveamuchmorelimited,focusedandusefulgoal.Wemight,forexample,readinordertolearn