湖北省云学名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省云学名校联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期3月联考英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳的选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillJoeprobablydobeforeskiingnexttime?A.Takeatrainingcourse.B.Wearbetterequipment.C.Dowarm-upexercise.2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary.B.Atapolicestation.C.Atabank.3.Whatdoesthemanneedtodowiththetallgreenplant?A.Giveenoughsunlight.B.Wateriteverytwoweeks.C.Keepitawayfromthewindow.4.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSlowTV?A.It’sdull.B.It’sinspiring.C.It’srelaxing.5.Whydidthewomanfailtoseethematch?A.Shegottheflu.B.Shehadtowork.C.Shevisitedhersickcolleague.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoweknowaboutMichael?A.Hewillleaveinsixmonths.B.Healwaysgetstotheofficeearly.C.Heoftenhelpscolleagueswithwork.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingtomorrow?A.GivingMichaelacall.B.GoingtoMichael’soffice.C.InvitingMichaeltolunch.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howmucharethebrowncookiesperkilogram?A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.9.Whydoesthemanbuypalmoil-freeproducts?A.Toeathealthily.B.Tosavemoney.C.Toprotectrainforests.10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.SurftheInternet.B.Makepayment.C.Continueshopping.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Tourguideandtourist.12.Whenwillthespeakersgototheartexhibition?A.OnWednesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSunday.13.Whichofthefollowingisfreeofcharge?A.Thetickets.B.Thebusfares.C.Foodanddrinks.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhowillholdapartyonSaturday?A.Danielle.B.Dave.C.Thespeakers’parents.15.WhatwillthemandoonSaturdaynight?A.Dohishomework.B.Pickuphisparents.C.Watchasoccergame.16.HowlongwillthewomanhavethecaronSundayatmost?A.Abouttwohours.B.Aboutfourhours.C.Abouteighthours.17.Whatarethespeakerstryingtodo?A.Prepareforaparty.B.Cometoanagreement.C.Givetheirparentsasurprise.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Students.B.Volunteers.C.Teachers.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutvolunteerjobs?A.Mostofthemareofferedinwinter.B.Theyarebeneficialtothevolunteers.C.Schoolsarebadlyinneedofvolunteers.20.Whatisthetalkabout?A.Ajobwebsite.B.Ajobapplication.C.Ajobdescription.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyouanxiousabouthowtospendyourholidaywithyourkidseffectively?Areyouatalossduetonotknowinghowtostimulateyourkids’interest?Nowjustsatisfyyourteens’desirefortheunusualinBristolwithshoppingandattractiveart.MAKINGTHEIRMARKWhileitcanbetoughtopersuadesometeenstoembraceart,you’llfinditeasierinBristol.Youwon’thavetorackyourbrains(绞尽脑汁)toencounterthehandiworkofthecity’sfamousone,becausetherearemorethan200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hourtourofthemust-seeworksandBristol’s30yearsofgraffitihistory.Therearespray-paintingworkshopstoo,ifyourteenswanttogiveitashot.AWHOLENEWWORLDIfallthatgraffitileadstoanew-foundinterestinart,thenthenextstepisWakeTheTiger,anewartexperience.Throughmysteriouscreativeworks,hiddenforestsandsecretpassageways,youandyourfamilywillenterthemagicworld.It’sperfectforteenfantasyfans.ONLOCATIONRememberSkins?The00sdramawasahitwithteensforitsrealisticplot,andnowanewoneisdiscoveringitonNetflix.MuchoftheshowwasfilmedinBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehasputtogetheramapofallofthekeylocations.VisitBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehavealsomappedotherhitshows,includingSherlockandDoctorWho.VINTAGEFINDSIfyourteensarekeentodeveloptheirvintage(复古的)rockstyle,takethemtoParkStreettodiscoverthevintageshops,includingUncleSam’sVintage,perfectforeverythingfromAmericanvarsity(校队的)jacketstoLevi’sjeans,aswellasTheVintageThriftStore,LootVintageandSobeys.1.WhydoestheauthorrecommendBristol?A.Becauseitiseasiertolearnarthere.B.Becauseartistsherearemorefamous.C.Becausetherearenumerousgreatartistsandworks.D.Becauseithaslongergraffitihistorythanothercities.2.Whatcan’tteensdoinBristol?A.Buyvintagejeans. B.Beexposedtomapsoffilm.C.Encounterfamousfilmstars. D.Payavisittothesplendidgraffitihistory.3.Whoisthetargetofthisarticle?A.Artists B.Parents C.Teenagers D.Fansofpainting〖答案〗1.C2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在布里斯托尔，可以让十几岁的青少年喜爱的购物和沉浸式艺术。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“MAKINGTHEIRMARK”下文中“Youwon’thavetorackyourbrains(绞尽脑汁)toencounterthehandiworkofthecity’sfamousone,becausetherearemorethan200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hourtourofthemust-seeworksandBristol’s30yearsofgraffitihistory.Therearespray-paintingworkshopstoo,ifyourteenswanttogiveitashot.(你不必绞尽脑汁就能看到这座城市著名的涂鸦艺术家的作品，因为这座城市有200多名街头艺术家，theWall提供了两个小时的必看作品之旅，以及布里斯托尔30年的涂鸦历史。)”可知，Bristol这座城市有200多名街头艺术家，在这里能看到这座城市著名的涂鸦艺术家的作品；由此可知，作者推荐Bristol是因为这里有很多伟大的艺术家和作品。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“MAKINGTHEIRMARK”下文中“Youwon’thavetorackyourbrains(绞尽脑汁)toencounterthehandiworkofthecity’sfamousone,becausetherearemorethan200-oddstreetartistsinthecitywhereTheWalloffersatwo-hourtourofthemust-seeworksandBristol’s30yearsofgraffitihistory.

(你不必绞尽脑汁就能看到这座城市著名的涂鸦作品，因为这座城市有200多名街头艺术家，theWall提供了两个小时的必看作品之旅，以及布里斯托尔30年的涂鸦历史。)、“AWHOLENEWWORLD”下文中“thenthenextstepisWakeTheTiger,anewartexperience.Throughmysteriouscreativeworks,hiddenforestsandsecretpassageways,youandyourfamilywillenterthemagicworld.It’sperfectforteenfantasyfans.(接下来便是WaketheTiger，一种全新的艺术体验。通过神秘的创意作品，隐藏的森林和秘密通道，您和您的家人将进入神奇的世界。非常适合青少年奇幻迷)”、“ONLOCATION”下文中“MuchoftheshowwasfilmedinBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehasputtogetheramapofallofthekeylocations.VisitBristolandtheBristolFilmOfficehavealsomappedotherhitshows,includingSherlockandDoctorWho.(该剧大部分在布里斯托尔拍摄，布里斯托尔电影办公室已经绘制了所有关键地点的地图。参观布里斯托尔和布里斯托尔电影办公室还绘制了其他热门节目的地图，包括《神探夏洛克》和《神秘博士》。)”以及“VINTAGEFINDS”下文中“Ifyourteensarekeentodeveloptheirvintage(复古的)rockstyle,takethemtoParkStreettodiscoverthevintageshops,includingUncleSam’sVintage,perfectforeverythingfromAmericanvarsity(校队的)jacketstoLevi’sjeans,aswellasTheVintageThriftStore,LootVintageandSobeys.(如果你的孩子们热衷于培养他们的复古摇滚风格，带他们去公园街（ParkStreet）看看那些古董店，包括山姆大叔的古董店(UncleSam’svintage)，从美国校队的夹克到李维斯的牛仔裤，应有尽有，还有thevintageThriftStore、Lootvintage和Sobeys。)”可知，在Bristol，青少年可以参观Bristol30年辉煌的涂鸦历史，在WaketheTiger体验奇幻世界，接触电影地图以及购买复古牛仔裤。C选项“Encounterfamousfilmstars.(遇到著名的电影明星)”没有提到，故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Areyouanxiousabouthowtospendyourholidaywithyourkidseffectively?Areyouatalossduetonotknowinghowtostimulateyourkids’interest?Nowjustsatisfyyourteens’desirefortheunusualinBristolwithshoppingandattractiveart.(你是否为如何有效地与孩子共度假期而焦虑？你是否因为不知道如何激发孩子的兴趣而不知所措？现在，只要满足你的青少年对布里斯托尔不寻常的购物和吸引人的艺术的渴望。)”中的“spendyourholidaywithyourkidseffectively”、“stimulateyourkids’interest”以及“satisfyyourteens’desire”可推知，本文面向的目标读者是十几岁青少年孩子的家长们。故选B。BOncereferredtoasan‘Insta-hiker’,Joshisajuggler(玩杂耍的人)ofmanydifferentjoys:hiswife,children,friends,jobasaCorporateActionsanalyst,adirectorshipatBlackProfessionalsScotland.Thelabelcouldbefarfromthetruth.Hisjobishigh-pressuredandtime-sensitive,asuit-and-tieenvironment,inwhichonetinymistakecancostmillions.Buthillwalkingisnotawaytorunfromreality.“I’mnotescapingfromanything,”Joshclaimsfirmly.Youwouldn’tencouragesomeonetolivefortheirjob,andheappliesthatlogictothethingshelovestodo,welcomingtheoutdoorsintohislifeonhisownterms.Rather,peoplemeanseverythingtoJosh.“I’mnotasoloexplorer.It’saboutthejourney,peopleandconversations,thelittlemomentsasmuchasitisaboutbigmoments.”ThisinspiredBlackScottishAdventurers.HisrelationshipwiththeHighlandsbegankeepingpacewithhismovetoScotlandoveradecadeago,bornofasenseoffunandfreedom,ratherthanadesireforchallenge.Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,JoshstartedencouragingBlackpeopleintothemountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-mindedindividuals.Now,theBSAcommunityandteamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfortheBlackcommunity.Joshsays,“Beinginthehillsisanextensionofmylife,ofwhoIam,andwhoIwanttobe.”Hegoesintothemountainswhenhewantsto,inordertointegratewiththenaturalworld.Buthe’saslikelytoseefriendsinEdinburghasheistowalkaMunro.Hequicklyadmits“I’masocialanimal,anyway!”Josh’sabilitytoliveinthemoment,mountainsideornot,isrefreshing.Hegives“glorytothosewhoseekthemountainsasashelter,”butadds,“IwanttofindbalancebetweendoingwhatIloveandbeingwithpeopleIlovesoIdon’tputmyselfinahole.IstrengthentherelationshipsIhavewithmynon-hillwalkingfamilyandfriends,andwon’tseparatemyselffrompossibilities.”4.WhydoesJoshclimbmountains?A.Toescapefromstressfulwork. B.Toenjoythepleasureandfreedom.C.Tosatisfyhiscuriosityaboutnature. D.Toencourageblackpeopletoliveforjob.5.WhatdoesJoshdoforBlackpeople?A.Makehillaccessibletothem. B.Furtherinclusionofblackpeople.C.Encouragethemtoclimbmountains. D.Helpthemfindbalancebetweenworkandplay.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Joshexpectstobeanadventurer.B.Joshgetslostinhispressuredwork.C.Joshthinkshighlyofhillwalkingaswellasfriends.D.Joshclimbsmountainssoastomakepeacewithnature.7.WhichwordscandescribeJoshbest?A.Considerateandwarm-hearted. B.Cautiousandpeople-centered.C.Ambitiousandhighly-motivated. D.Straightforwardandindependent.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了热爱户外活动的登山者Josh的故事，他从登山中找到快乐和自由，鼓励鼓励黑人爬山，促进对黑人社区的包容性和户外活动；他在追求自己爱好的同时，加强与家人与非登山家庭和朋友的关系。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“HisrelationshipwiththeHighlandsbegankeepingpacewithhismovetoScotlandoveradecadeago,bornofasenseoffunandfreedom,ratherthanadesireforchallenge.(十多年前，他搬到苏格兰，与苏格兰高地的关系也随之开始，这是一种乐趣和自由的感觉，而不是对挑战的渴望。)”可知，Josh登山是为了享受快乐和自由。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,JoshstartedencouragingBlackpeopleintothemountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-mindedindividuals.Now,theBSAcommunityandteamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfortheBlackcommunity.(在经历了十多年的爬山经历后，乔希开始通过一个由志同道合的人组成的WhatsApp群，鼓励黑人上山。现在，BSA社区和团队正在促进黑人社区的包容和户外活动。)”可知，Josh通过一个由志同道合的人组成的WhatsApp群，鼓励黑人爬山，促进对黑人社区的包容性和户外活动。故选C。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Joshsays,“Beinginthehillsisanextensionofmylife,ofwhoIam,andwhoIwanttobe.”Hegoesintothemountainswhenhewantsto,inordertointegratewiththenaturalworld.Buthe’saslikelytoseefriendsinEdinburghasheistowalkaMunro.Hequicklyadmits“I’masocialanimal,anyway!”(Josh说：‘在山上是我生命的延伸，是我是谁，我想成为谁的延伸。’为了与自然融为一体，他想去的时候就去山里。但他在爱丁堡见到朋友的可能性和去Munro徒步的可能性一样大。他很快承认：‘不管怎样，我是一种社交动物!’)”可知，Josh喜爱去登山，他认为去山上是他生命的延伸，能够与自然融为一体，同时他也爱社交与朋友相处，他去见朋友的可能性和去山里徒步的可能性一样大；由此可知，在倒数第二段中作者是想告诉我们，Josh认为爬山和交朋友一样重要。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据根据第四段中“Withoveradecadeofhillwalkingbehindhim,JoshstartedencouragingBlackpeopleintothemountainsthroughaWhatsAppgroupforlike-mindedindividuals.Now,theBSAcommunityandteamarepromotinginclusionandoutdoorsaccessfortheBlackcommunity.(在经历了十多年的爬山经历后，乔希开始通过一个由志同道合的人组成的WhatsApp群，鼓励黑人上山。现在，BSA社区和团队正在促进黑人社区的包容和户外活动。)”以及最后一段中Josh所说的话“IwanttofindbalancebetweendoingwhatIloveandbeingwithpeopleIlovesoIdon’tputmyselfinahole.IstrengthentherelationshipsIhavewithmynon-hillwalkingfamilyandfriends,andwon’tseparatemyselffrompossibilities.(我想在做我爱的事和和我爱的人在一起之间找到平衡，这样我就不会把自己陷入困境。我会加强与非登山家庭和朋友的关系，不会把自己与各种可能性分开。)”可知，Josh通过一个由志同道合的人组成的WhatsApp群鼓励黑人爬山，促进对黑人社区的包容性和户外活动，同时，他能够照顾家人与朋友的感受，在登山和家人之间找到平衡，加强与非登山家庭和朋友的关系；由此可知，Josh是个非常体贴而又热心的人。故选A。CShenzheninGuangdongprovincehasbecomethefirstcityinChinatoallowspecialistnursestoprescribe(开药方)selecteddrugsandordertests,inamovethatisexpectedtoincreaseefficienciesinthehealthcaresystemandreducethepatient-loadburdenonphysicians.UnderanewruleinOctoberthattookeffectinJanuary,eligiblenurseswillbepermittedtoorderexaminations,treatmentsconsideringtheirexpertskillsandknowledgeofspecialistnursingorcommunityhealthcare.Theirprescriptionsmustbebasedonexistingdiagnoses(诊断)madebyphysicians.Tobecomeanursingspecialist,applicantsshouldhaveabachelor’sdegreeinnursing,fiveyearsofworkingexperience,obtainedanadvancednursingqualificationandhaveattendedamonths-longspecialisttrainingprogramandpassedafinaltest.“Medicalinstitutionsmustreviewinappropriateprescriptionsgivenbynurses,”saidtheregulation.“Nursingspecialistswhoarefoundtohavegiventhreeormoreimproperprescriptionswillhavetheirprescribingpowerstoppedforthreetosixmonthsandwillhavetoundergoretrainingbeforeregainingtheauthorization,”itadded.“Consideringthedifferenceinprofessionalpositioning,medicaleducationbackgroundandworkexperiencebetweenphysiciansandnurses,itisnecessarytofullyanalyzethenecessityandpracticabilityofthenurses’prescriptiveauthority,”thecommissionsaid.ZhouWensihasabachelor’sdegreeinnursingandisnowaspecialistnurseinperiodontitis(牙周炎),orgumdisease,atShenzhenStomatologyHospitalinthecity’sPingshandistrict.“Ourhospitalhasnotbegunallowingustoprescribe.Iftherulegoesintoeffectinthefuture,we’lllikelybeabletodirectlyprescribemouthwash,anti-inflammatorydrugsandpainkillerstopatients,”shesaid.However,shealsonotedthatmostpatientsvisitingthehospitalareinneedoftreatmentdeliveredbydoctorswithassistancefromnurseslikeher,sothenewregulationisnotexpectedtohaveamajorimpact.8.WhydoesShenzhengivepermissionforspecialistnurses’specialrights?A.Toimprovetheoverallabilityofthespecialistnurses.B.Tospeedupthedevelopmentofthehealthcaresystem.C.Toenhancetheworkefficiencyandlightendoctors’load.D.Torespondtothedemandsofdoctors,nursesandpatients.9.Whatdoestheword“eligible”underlinedinthesecondparagraphreferto?A.well-recognized B.Qualified C.flexible D.hard-working10.Whatdowelearnaboutthenewregulation?A.Aspecialistnurseshouldfollowtherulesstrictly.B.Noinstitutionstakechargeoftheprescriptions.C.Notallspecialistnursescanprescribedrugsfreely.D.Aspecialistnursealwayshastheprescribingpower.11.WhatisZhouWensi’sattitudetowardtheprospectofnurses’prescribingdrugs?A.Doubtful. B.Indifferent. C.Neutral. D.Hopeful.〖答案〗8.C9.B10.A11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了提高医疗系统的工作效率和减轻医生的负担，深圳市允许专科护士为病人开处方。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“amovethatisexpectedtoincreaseefficienciesinthehealthcaresystemandreducethepatient-loadburdenonphysicians(此举有望提高医疗系统的效率，减轻医生的病人负担)”可知，深圳给予专科护士特殊权利是为提高工作效率，减轻医生的负担。故选C。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“eligiblenurseswillbepermittedtoorderexaminations,treatmentsconsideringtheirexpertskillsandknowledgeofspecialistnursingorcommunityhealthcare(……的护士将被允许根据自己的专业技能和专科护理或社区医疗知识来安排检查和治疗)

”可知，能够被允许为病人检查和治疗的护士应该是有着相应的专业技能和专科护理或社区医疗知识的，即有资质的护士，因此划线词意为“有资格的”，故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Tobecomeanursingspecialist,applicantsshouldhaveabachelor’sdegreeinnursing,fiveyearsofworkingexperience,obtainedanadvancednursingqualificationandhaveattendedamonths-longspecialisttrainingprogramandpassedafinaltest.(要成为一名护理专家，申请人应该拥有护理学士学位，五年的工作经验，获得高级护理资格，参加为期数月的专业培训计划，并通过最终考试。)”可知，专业护士应该严格遵守规定。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However,shealsonotedthatmostpatientsvisitingthehospitalareinneedoftreatmentdeliveredbydoctorswithassistancefromnurseslikeher,sothenewregulationisnotexpectedtohaveamajorimpact.(然而，她也指出，大多数来医院就诊的病人都需要医生在她这样的护士的帮助下进行治疗，因此新规定预计不会产生重大影响。)”可知，周文思认为新规不会对护士的工作产生较大的影响，因此周文思对护士开处方的前景持质疑态度。故选A。DIntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehiclerevolutioniswellunderway.Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsforreasonsofmoralityandfashion.Poorercountriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrifiedtrend.InBangladesh,electricthree-wheelertaxis,knownastuk-tuks,arerapidlyreplacinggas-poweredonesonthestreets.Suchelectricvehiclesareclimatefriendly,costeffective,andhelpreduceairpollution.Yetaglanceunderthehood(引擎盖)ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.Leadisdangerous,andanyexposuretoitisharmfultohumanhealth.Leadthathasenteredtheenvironmenthurtspeopleonanextraordinaryscale.Thenumerouswaysleadentersair,water,soil,andhomesacrossthedevelopingworld—andtheenormousdamageitdoestohumanhealth,wealth,andwelfare—causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrisesintheworldyetreceiveslittleattention.TheWorldBankestimatesthatleadkills5.5millionpeopleperyear,whichwouldmakeitabiggerglobalkillerthanAIDS,malaria,diabetes,androadtrafficdeathscombined.Ontopoftheshockingdeaths,thesocialburdenofleadpoisoningisextraordinary,asisitscontributiontoglobalinequality—ourresearchonthecognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoningsuggeststhatitmayexplainaboutone-fifthoftheeducationalachievementgapbetweenrichandpoorcountries.Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydevelopingcountries,leadpoisoningisaproblemthatisfixablewithsomeattentionandarelativelymodestfinancialinvestment.Bettermonitoring,research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildrenallovertheworldfromthedreadfuleffectsofleadpoisoningandreducethemassiveglobalcostsitbrings.12.Howdoestheauthordescribetheleadprobleminparagraph2?A.Bymakingacomparison. B.Byanalyzinghiddencauses.C.Bylistingconvincingnumbers. D.Byexplainingitsworkingprinciple.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Leadentersrichcountriesinvariousways.B.Leadpoisoningmaymakepoorsocietiespoorer.C.Exposuretoleaddoesn’tnecessarilyharmsomeone.D.Leadleakinghascausedgreatpanicinbothcountries.14.Whatcanbedonetosolveleadpoisoningindevelopingcountries?A.Fixingtheseusedbatteries. B.Puttingcertaineffortandmoney.C.Prohibitingtheillegaluseoflead. D.Reducingthecostofrecyclinglead.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheImpactsofLeadPoisoningonHumanHealthB.TheOutcomesofUsingElectricVehiclesC.TheWaystoSolveLeadProblemD.TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis〖答案〗12.C13.B14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要阐述了目前全球都在发展环保节能的电动汽车，但是铅酸电池中的铅是危险的，任何接触都对人体健康，铅中毒给人类健康、财富和福利造成的巨大损害，不仅造成死亡还带来极大的社会负担。【12题详析】推理判断题。第二段中“Yetaglanceunderthehood(引擎盖)ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.(然而，只要看一眼这些车辆的引擎盖，就会发现一个有毒的秘密：每辆嘟嘟车都是由五块巨大的铅酸电池驱动的，总共含有近300磅的铅。每一年半左右，当这些电池需要更换和回收时，大约有60磅的铅泄漏到环境中。电池回收通常在不受监管的小型工厂进行，这是一项高利润但致命的业务。)”作者通过用具体数字列出嘟嘟车铅酸电池中铅的量来说明目前所面临的铅污染问题；由此可知，作者通过列出令人信服的数字来说明目前的铅问题。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thenumerouswaysleadentersair,water,soil,andhomesacrossthedevelopingworld—andtheenormousdamageitdoestohumanhealth,wealth,andwelfare—causesoneofthebiggestenvironmentalcrisesintheworldyetreceiveslittleattention.(在发展中国家，铅以多种方式进入空气、水、土壤和家庭——以及它对人类健康、财富和福利造成的巨大损害——造成了世界上最大的环境危机之一，但却很少受到关注。)”以及第四段中“Ontopoftheshockingdeaths,thesocialburdenofleadpoisoningisextraordinary,asisitscontributiontoglobalinequality—ourresearchonthecognitiveeffectsofleadpoisoningsuggeststhatitmayexplainaboutone-fifthoftheeducationalachievementgapbetweenrichandpoorcountries.(除了令人震惊的死亡之外，铅中毒的社会负担是巨大的，就像它对全球不平等的贡献一样——我们对铅中毒的认知影响的研究表明，它可以解释富国和穷国之间教育成就差距的五分之一。)”可知，在发展中国家，铅以多种方式进入空气、水、土壤和家庭，对人类健康、财富和福利造成的巨大损害，不仅造成死亡还带来极大的社会负担，使贫穷的社会更贫穷。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butunlikemanychallengesfacedbydevelopingcountries,leadpoisoningisaproblemthatisfixablewithsomeattentionandarelativelymodestfinancialinvestment.Bettermonitoring,research,andrulescanhelpprotectchildrenallovertheworldfromthedreadfuleffectsofleadpoisoningandreducethemassiveglobalcostsitbrings.(但是，与发展中国家面临的许多挑战不同，铅中毒是一个可以通过一些关注和相对适度的财政投资来解决的问题。更好的监测、研究和规则可以帮助保护世界各地的儿童免受铅中毒的可怕影响，并减少其带来的巨大全球成本。)”可知，发展中国家可以通过一些关注和相对适度的财政投资，进行更好的监测、研究以及制定规则来解决铅污染和铅中毒问题；由此可知，发展中国家可以通过投入一定的努力和金钱解决铅中毒问题。故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“IntherichcountriesoftheWest,theelectricvehiclerevolutioniswellunderway.Climate-consciousconsumersdriveTeslasorPolestarsforreasonsofmoralityandfashion.Poorercountriesarealsoexperiencingawaveofelectrifiedtrend.(在西方富裕国家，电动汽车革命正在如火如荼地进行。有气候意识的消费者出于道德和时尚的原因驾驶特斯拉或北极星。较贫穷的国家也正在经历一波电气化趋势。)”以及第二段“Yetaglanceunderthehood(引擎盖)ofthesevehiclesrevealsapoisonoussecret:eachtuk-tukrunsonfivemassivelead-acidbatteries,containingalmost300poundsofleadintotal.Everyyearandahalforso,whenthosebatteriesneedtobereplacedandrecycled,about60poundsofleadleakintotheenvironment.Batteryrecycling,oftenatsmall-scaleunregulatedfactories,isahighlyprofitablebutdeadlybusiness.(然而，只要看一眼这些车辆的引擎盖，就会发现一个有毒的秘密：每辆嘟嘟车都是由五块巨大的铅酸电池驱动的，总共含有近300磅的铅。每一年半左右，当这些电池需要更换和回收时，大约有60磅的铅泄漏到环境中。电池回收通常在不受监管的小型工厂进行，这是一项高利润但致命的业务。)”可知，全球都在发展电动汽车，经历电气化，但是铅酸电池中的铅是危险的；下文主要阐述了铅中毒给社会和健康带来的极大危害；由此可知，文章主要讲述目前发展电动汽车带来的铅污染问题、世界上铅中毒的严峻形势及其给社会和健康带来的极大危害；D选项“TheGlobalLeadPoisoningCrisis(全球铅中毒危机)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Dogsbarkateachotherforavarietyofreasons,accordingtoTrevorSmith,adogtrainer.“Butmainly,”hesays,“dogsusebarkingastheirprimarycommunicationtooltoexpresstheirneeds.”Itmaybeespeciallydifficultwhentheybarkattheirfellowfour-leggedfriends-whichbegsthequestion:___16___TheyAreFeelingAnxiousYourdogmaybeanxiousbynature,andbeingaroundotherdogsmayheightenhissensitivity.Andhemayrespondwithhisprimarycommunicationtool:barking.___17___Butwithtimeandpatience,mostdog-barkingissuescanbemanaged.___18___Adogmaybarkatotherdogstotrytoengageinplay.He’sessentiallycallingtheotherdog,tryingtogetittojoininthefun.Ifyou’reatthedogparkandknowyourdoggenerallyplayswellwithothers,nowisthetimetosethimfreesohecanengageinsomepositiveplaytime.TheyAreBeingAngryAdogthatbarksatotherdogsmayormaynotevergettothepointwherehecanplaywithotherdogs.___19___Othersjustaren’tfriendlywithotherdogs.Ifyourdog’sfacialexpression,tailpositionandbarkingshowhe’sfeelingplayful,thesolutiontostoppinghimfrombarkingmaybetolethimplayorsocializewithotherpupsinanenvironmentwherehefeelssafe.___20___“Throughconsistentlypositiveinformation,yourfurryfriendwilllearnwhichbehaviorsarerewarded,avoidthosethatreceivenorewardsandbecomecomfortableinsituationswheretheyencounterthedisruptingstimuli.”A.TheyAreBeingPlayful.B.TheyAreFeelingOptimistic.C.howcanwesatisfytheirdemands?D.whyexactlydodogsbarkatotherdogs?E.Forsomepups,thatactionisbasedonfear.F.Dealingwithadogbarkingpersistentlycanbefrustrating.G.Incontrast,Smithsaysthatifyourdogbarksoutofextremefear,takethemaway.〖答案〗16.D17.F18.A19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了狗为什么会对其他狗叫以及如何满足它们的需求。【16题详析】根据上文的“Dogsbarkateachotherforavarietyofreasons,accordingtoTrevorSmith,adogtrainer.“Butmainly,”hesays,“dogsusebarkingastheirprimarycommunicationtooltoexpresstheirneeds.”Itmaybeespeciallydifficultwhentheybarkattheirfellowfour-leggedfriends-whichbegsthequestion:(驯狗师TrevorSmith表示，狗互相吠叫的原因多种多样。“但主要是狗把吠叫作为表达需求的主要沟通工具”，他说。想知道什么时候它们对四条腿的朋友吠叫，这可能会特别困难，这就引出了一个问题：)”推知，空处应提出“狗为什么对其它狗叫”这个问题，D项(为什么狗会对其他狗吠叫？)承接上文，并引出下文对狗的吠叫行为的分析，故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文的“Yourdogmaybeanxiousbynature,andbeingaroundotherdogsmayheightenhissensitivity.Andhemayrespondwithhisprimarycommunicationtool:barking.

(你的狗可能天生焦虑，和其他狗在一起可能会提高他的敏感性。他可能会用他的主要沟通工具来回应：吠叫。)”和下文的“Butwithtimeandpatience,mostdog-barkingissuescanbemanaged.(但只要有时间和耐心，大多数狗叫问题都是可以解决的。)”可知，空处内容与下文是转折关系，指出对付一只不停地吠叫的狗不容易，F项(对付一只不停叫的狗会让人感到沮丧。)承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。【18题详析】根据本段的“Adogmaybarkatotherdogstotrytoengageinplay.He’sessentiallycallingtheotherdog,tryingtogetittojoininthefun.Ifyou’reatthedogparkandknowyourdoggenerallyplayswellwithothers,nowisthetimetosethimfreesohecanengageinsomepositiveplaytime.(一只狗可能会对其他狗吠叫，试图参与玩耍。他实际上是在叫另一只狗，试图让它加入到乐趣中来。如果你在狗狗公园，知道你的狗通常和别的狗玩得很好，现在是时候给他自由了，这样他就可以有一些积极的玩耍时间。)”可知，狗叫的原因是要和其他要好的狗一起玩耍，A项(他们想要玩耍。)能够概括本段内容，适合作为标题，故选A项。【19题详析】根据上文的“Adogthatbarksatotherdogsmayormaynotevergettothepointwherehecanplaywithotherdogs.

(一只对其他狗吠叫的狗可能会也可能永远不会和其他狗一起玩。)”和下文的“Othersjustaren’tfriendlywithotherdogs.(有些狗只是对其他狗不友好。)”可知，空处应解释一些狗吠叫的原因，E项(对一些幼崽来说，这种行为是基于恐惧。)承上启下，符合语境，且some...others...构成固定搭配，故选E项。【20题详析】上文“Ifyourdog’sfacialexpression,tailpositionandbarkingshowhe’sfeelingplayful,thesolutiontostoppinghimfrombark