2024年四川省内江市中考英语-句子成分解析

英语的五种基本句型重点难点1. 了解动词分类；2. 掌握英语的五大基本句型主语+系动词+表语（谁是什么/谁怎么样）主语+谓语（谁怎么了）主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语（谁做什么）主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语3.掌握句子成分初中考点：主语（形式主语，真正主语）；谓语；宾语（直接宾语，间接宾语）；宾语补足语（宾补）；定语；状语内江以5道选择题出题考查，着重考查学生对最基本的句子成分的掌握动词分类

1.主语（subject）：动作的发出者技巧：位于谓语动词前面；除了两个特殊句型例外Itis+adj./n.todosth.Itis+that（从句）Therebe+主语+时间状语/地点状语Therewillbe+主语+时间状语/地点状语；Thereisgoingtobe+主语+时间状语/地点状语（一般将来时）Helikesdancing.Toplaybasketballishappy.Readingisausefulthing.Therearethreebooksonthedesk.Therewillbeanewclassmateinourclass.Hesaidtherewouldbeanewclassmateinourclass.ThereisgoingtobeaairportinNeijiang.Therelivedaunhappyking.Therestandahighbuildingonthesquare.Itisusefultoreadmorebooks.Itismyplantopassthetest.Itisourgoaltowinthegame.Itismydreamtogotoagooduniversity.Itishappythatwewonthegame.ItissadthatTimbrokehisleg.Itisourplanthatwecanhaveanewlibraryintheourschool.谓语（predicate）：动作简单谓语:动词或短语动词组成Ilikebasketball.Helooksaftertwochildren.Wefinishreadingthisbook.复合谓语：由情态动词/助动词+动词组成HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tlikedancing.Shehasfinishedthetask.Thetaskhasbeenfinished.Thetextwasreadbystudentsthreetimesyesterday.Theoldmandied.注意：谓语动词有肯定；否定；时态；被动3.宾语（object）：动作的承受者/对象（位于动词或介词后）IlikeChina.Wefinishreadingthisbook.HecanspeakEnglishwell.双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）IteachyouEnglish.Hegivesmeabook.Ishowyoumyphone.Itellyouastory.Underthedesk,therearemanybooks.Forme,IthinkEnglishisuseful.4.宾语补足语（objectcomplement）：对宾语进行补充说明，说明宾语的状态、性质。call,make,name,see,find等。Wemakethestoryinteresting.Itellhimtoeatanapple.Weallfindhimfunny.Iletthegirlgo.表语（predicative）：说明主语的性质和特征等。技巧：位于系动词之后（见最后详解）Heisateacher.Thepictureisonthewall.Itsoundsagoodidea.Tomlookscool.Thefoodtastesbad.MyjobisteachingEnglish.Theyareintheclassroom.定语（attribute）：修饰或限制名词或代词。Heisourfriend.后置定语：如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个短语或一个句子表示时，通常则后置Thegirlinredishissister.状语（adverbial）：修饰动词、形容词、副词短语、或句子。Ieattheapplequickly.Igetupearly.IusuallywatchTVatthreeo’clock.HecanspeakEnglishverywell.Iplaybasketballafterschool.Iplaybasketballontheweekend.Ilikebasketballverymuch.Iplaybasketballwithmyfriend.

系动词定义用来辅助主语的动词，连接主语和表语系动词本身有词义，不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成系表结构主+系+表表示主语的身份、状况、性质、特征等等注意：系动词一般都可兼作实义动词，所以一定要理解该词在句中的具体词义系动词无被动语态（实义动词：品尝）Eg:Itastethecake.主谓宾（系动词：尝起来）Thecaketastesgood.主系表小技巧：一个动词后面接形容词，往往是系动词。初中重点系动词（死记硬背）一：状态系动词/be动词：am/is/are是/不翻译二：（五大）感官系动词：look/sound/feel(感觉）/taste/smell……起来三：变化系动词：become/get/grow/turn(go/come/run/fall...)getangrygrowoldturnredfallill（生病）fallasleep（入睡）四：持续系动词：keep/stay（保持）/remain（保持；仍然是）初三出现keephealthystayhealthy(lie/stand/rest/last/continue/hold)