专题11 完形填空（讲练）（解析版）-2024中考英语二轮复习

1/1专题11完形填空完形填空是近年来全国英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。完形填空通常选用一篇250个单词左右的短文，一般采用故事体裁，尽量避免专业性太强的文章。完形填空要求考生既要运用自己所学过的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识理解每个句子，又要处理好句子与句子之间以及句子与全文之间的内在联系，主要测试考生在具体语言环境中把握文章的篇章结构、中心思想和推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法或固定搭配等方面的能力，以及对所学英语知识的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力和逻辑推理判断能力等，因而该题型能较全面地反映考生对所学知识的掌握程度。完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年的广州市、北京中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解完形填空题侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。它的知识构建主要这几个方面（1）从词语层面：主要考词语辨析、固定搭配与习惯表达；（2）从句子层面：主要考句子意义的逻辑性与合理性；（3）从篇章层面：主要考篇章的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系。题材日常生活②幽默故事③著名人物④文化习俗⑤科普知识⑥……文体记叙文（重点考查）②说明文③议论文（2023·广州）Almosteveryonehasadreamjob,andforSusan,itisbeingawhale(鯨)trainerathercity’saquarium(水族馆).Lastyear,Susanfinallyhada(n)____16____,butitwasmorethanjustsigningup.Peoplewhowantedthisjobhadtotakepartinacompetition.Theyneedtoshowhow____17____theycouldgodownintotheseven-metre-deeppoolthathousedthewhalesandhowlongtheycouldstaythere.Theonewhocouldreachthedeepestandstaythelongestunderwaterwouldgetthejob.Susansigneduptotryout,andeverythingwent____18____atfirst.Butthen,asshewentdowntoaboutfivemetresundertheicywater,herlegsstopped____19____.Thecoldwatercausedahugepaininherlegs.Shewasunabletoswimbacktothesurface.Shewasingreatfearandcouldn’tthink.Thisonlycausedherto____20____fartherintothepool.JustasSusan____21____hope,shesuddenlyfeltherselfbeingpushedtothesurface.ItwasMila,awhaleinthepool.ShenoticedSusan’s____22____,heldherleginhermouthandpushedSusanuptothesurface.Susanwas____23____,thankstoMila’squickaction.TheaquariumspokespersonsaidSusanwasreally____24____,becauseMilahadrealizedSusanneededhelpbeforeanyoftheworkinggroupdid,whichsavedvaluabletime.“Whalesare____25____animals—theyliveandplaytogether.Inthewild,theyshowgreatinterestinhumansandoftenswimclosetoboatsanddivers.”16.A.chance B.job C.dream D.idea17.A.soon B.far C.often D.hard18.A.close B.deep C.late D.well19.A.trying B.hurting C.working D.resting20.A.drop B.swim C.jump D.search21.A.gaveaway B.gavein C.gaveout D.gaveup22.A.look B.trouble C.move D.place23.A.changed B.lost C.chosen D.saved24.A.lucky B.brave C.afraid D.sad25.A.funny B.lonely C.social D.strong【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.C20.A21.D22.B23.D24.A25.C【解析】本文主要介绍Susan参加水族馆鲸鱼训练员比赛时在水下遇到意外，幸运的是她被一头鲸鱼救了。16.句意：去年苏珊终于有一个机会，但它不仅仅只是报名。chance机会；job工作；dream梦想；idea主意。根据“butitwasmorethanjustsigningup.”可知是等来了机会，但是不仅仅是报名那么简单。故选A。17.句意：他们需要去展示他们能游到7m深的泳池多远，那里住着鲸鱼。还有他们可以待在那里多长时间。soon很快；far远；often经常；hard困难。根据“Theyneedtoshowhow...theycouldgodownintotheseven-metre-deeppool”可知此处是howfar。表示“多远”。故选B。18.句意：苏珊报名了，去参加选拔。一切事情一开始都进展的很顺利。close密切地；deep深的；late迟到的；well好的。根据“Butthen”可知后文转折，表示不好的事情，说明前面是好的。everythingwentwell“一切进展顺利”。故选D。19.句意：但接下来，当她在冰冷的水下深入到大约5m时，她的腿停止了工作。trying尝试；hurting受伤；working工作；resting休息。根据“Thecoldwatercausedahugepaininherlegs.”可知冷水造成她的腿没有知觉，不能动了。故选C。20.句意：这导致她掉到泳池更深的地方去了。drop丢掉；swim游泳；jump跳跃；search搜找。根据“Shewasingreatfearandcouldn’tthink.Thisonlycausedherto...”可知她在水下，腿没有知觉，大脑不能思考，故会沉下去。故选A。21.句意：正当苏珊放弃了希望时，她突然感到她自己被推向水面。gaveaway赠送；gavein投降；gaveout分发，gaveup放弃。根据“...hope”可知是放弃希望。故选D。22.句意：是Mila，泳池里的一头鲸，它注意到苏珊的麻烦。把她的腿含在嘴里，并且把苏珊推向了水面。look看；trouble麻烦；move移动；place地方。根据上文可知苏珊腿不能动，遇到了麻烦，故选B。23.句意：苏珊被拯救了，多亏了Mila的快速行动。changed改变；lost丢失；chosen选择；saved拯救。根据“thankstoMila’squickaction.”可知多亏了鲸鱼，把苏珊救了。故选D。24.句意：水族馆的发言人说苏珊真的很幸运，因为Mila已经在任何其他工作组之前意识到苏珊需要帮助，这节约了宝贵的时间。lucky幸运的；brave勇敢的；afraid害怕的；sad伤心的。根据“whichsavedvaluabletime.”可知苏珊被鲸鱼救了是幸运的。故选A。25.句意：鲸是社交性动物，它们在一起居住和玩耍。funny有趣的；lonely孤单的；social社交的；strong强壮的。根据“theyliveandplaytogether.”可知是社交性动物。故选C。（一）考向探究完形填空要求考生不仅要会运用自己学过的词汇和语法知识妥善地处理好每个单句，理解语义，还要处理好单句之间以及整个语篇的意义关系。难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。1、词语层面(phraselevel)：词语辨析、固定搭配、习惯搭配2、句子层面(sentencelevel)：句子意义的逻辑性与合理性3、段落层面(paragraphlevel)：段落的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系4、篇章层面(passagelevel)：语篇的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系考点分布完形填空以考查实词为主，即动词、名词、形容词、副词及相关短语为主，难点主要是如何根据上下文的意义关系正确判断所需的用词。（二）解题技巧1.逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。2.词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。3.生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。4.语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。5.固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。方法一、语境推断根据上下文的语境提示或暗示，理解事件发生的语境，根据体验语境和作者的情感态度，推断出符合场景的最佳选项。例1（广州卷节选）Onesunnymorning,whenZebra(斑马)visitedtheriverforacooldrink,heheardatinyvoice.“Helpme,Zebra!”ZebralookedaroundandfoundWasp(黄蜂)16

inaspiderwebinathornbush(荆棘丛).16.A.restingB.playingC.caughtD.hidden

【点拨】由上文的“Helpme,Zebra!”可知黄蜂在求救，可推断出黄蜂在荆棘丛中被蜘蛛网“抓住了”。故选C。rest“休息”，play“玩耍”，hide“隐藏”。例2（广州卷节选）Carefully,Zebrareachedintoit,butthethorns

2

him.“Ouch!”Zebrasteppedbackandwasleaving.2.A.hurtB.hitC.refusedD.killed

【点拨】由下文的“Ouch!(惊吓声)”以及“斑马后退一步并准备离开”可推断出，荆棘丛“刺伤”了斑马。故选A。hit“打”，refuse“拒绝”，kill“杀死”。例3（广州卷节选）WaspwasrestinginthebusheswhenshesawZebra.ShealsofoundLionhidingquietlyahead.IfZebragottooclosetoLion…Thinkingquickly,WaspflewdownandgaveLionasuddensting.The

8

lioncried.“Roooooaaar!”Zebraheardtheloudcry.8.A.surprisedB.excitedC.interestedD.bored【点拨】由上文“黄蜂突然叮了狮子”以及下文“狮子大叫”可推断出，狮子对突然的叮咬感到很“惊讶”。故选A。excited“兴奋的”，interested“感兴趣的”，bored“无聊的”。方法二、词汇复现词汇复现是指文章中的某一词以原词、同源词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过词汇的复现达到了互相衔接。例1（广州卷节选）“Trytostayoutoftrouble,”Zebrasaid.“Imightnotbenearbythenexttimeaspidergets6.”Thenheleft.

…Amomentlater,WaspflewaroundZebra’shead.“Trytostayoutoftrouble,”Waspsaidwithalaugh.“Imightnotbenearbythenexttimealiongetshungry.”6.A.sleepy B.angryC.thirstyD.hungry【点拨】文章最后一段中复现了相同的话：Waspsaidwithalaugh,“Imightnotbenearbythenexttimealiongetshungry”。由此推断选D，意为：下次蜘蛛饿的时候我可能不在附近。sleepy“昏昏欲睡的”，angry“生气的”，thirsty“口渴的”例2（广州卷节选）Allday,Zebrastayedwithhisfamilyuntilhenoticedhisfavouritefruit—someberries!…Thesurprisedlioncried.“Roooooaaar!”Zebraheardtheloudcry.Inasecond,heturnedaroundandranbacktohis

9

.9.A.friendB.familyC.riverD.fruit【点拨】由文章倒数第四段可知，斑马一整天和他的家人在一起，在得知狮子的存在后，斑马迅速回到家人那里。故选B。friend“朋友”，river“河流”，fruit“水果”方法三、逻辑推理完形填空的各段落之间有着逻辑上的联系，可以通过对故事的线索、文章前后各段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析和理解文章，以此推断出正确答案。逻辑关系主要有：并列关系(and…)；转折关系(but,however,though,yet,otherwise,while…)；顺序关系(before,after,then,finally…)；让步关系(although,despite…)；因果关系(so,thus,for…)；条件关系(if,incase…)；递进关系(moreover,besides,furthermore,what’smore,inadditionto,aswellas…)。例1（广州卷节选）Carefully,Zebrareachedintoit,butthethornshurthim.“Ouch!”Zebrasteppedbackandwasleaving…Zebralaughed.“I’mfastandstrong.Besides,Ihaveabigfamily.WhywouldIneedhelpfromalittlewasp?”“Pleasetryonemoretime,”Waspsaid.Zebraknockedatthewebagain.5,thistimeitwasenoughtofreeWasp.5.A.SadlyB.SuddenlyC.LuckilyD.Strangely【点拨】由上文可知，斑马第一次想帮黄蜂的时候，被荆棘刺伤；下文提及，第二次能够解救黄蜂了。由此可推断出空格处表示“幸运地”，故选C。sadly“伤心地”，suddenly“突然地”，strangely“奇怪地”。方法四、生活常识，常用搭配将文章的意思和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景知识以及科普常识等结合起来，进行简单推理，从而得出正确答案。例1（广州卷节选）Allday,Zebrastayedwithhisfamilyuntilhenoticedhisfavouritefruit—someberries!ThehungryZebraranto7

theberries.7.A.smellB.tasteC.touchD.watch【点拨】上文提及这些浆果是斑马最喜欢的水果，结合生活常识可知，饥饿的斑马在看到浆果后，跑过去“品尝”这些浆果。故选B。smell“闻”，touch“摸”，watch“看”。点对点练习1.Whenwetalked,

IdiscoveredsomedifferencesinschoollifebetweentheUSandChina.Forexample,eachclasslastsfiftyminutesintheUS.Itisalittle__________thanthatinChina.Weusuallyhaveforty-fiveminutesineachclass.[]A.shorter

B.longer

C.earlier

D.later解题方法解题方法：语境推断。中国每节课45分钟，美国每节课50分钟。故比中国时间长。答案选B2.I'vebroughtupasonwhocannoteven__________thetruthtohisownfather.[]A.talkB.speakC.sayD.tell解题方法解题方法：固定搭配。讲真相。用tellthetruth.3.MrsGrantstoodupandabsent-mindedly(心不在焉)pickeduptheumbrellathatwas________ontheseatinfrontofher.[]A.hanging

B.appearing

C.droppingD.losing解题方法解题方法：生活常识。雨伞挂在座位上。答案选A4.Amyisamongthe___________ones.TheChineseUniversityofHongKonggrantedAmyafullscholarship-HK$500,000.Notallstudentsaresofortunate.[]A.poor

B.smartC.lucky

D.silent解题方法解题方法：单词复现。fortunate幸运的，与lucky同义。同义复现。5.Mymotheroftenasked

me,“What

is

themostimportantpartofthebody?"Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportantto

usas

humans,So

I

said：“My_________,Mommy.”Shesaid：“No，Many

people

aredeaf...”[]A.ears

B.eyes

C.body

D.head解题方法解题方法：逻辑推理。因为我认为声音最重要。所以我认为“耳朵是身体最重要的部分”（三）解题步骤要做好完形填空，必须掌握一定的解题方法和技巧，才能尽量做到在有能力得分的题上不丢分。完形填空的解题步骤是：通览——试填——复核。1．通览——速读全文，把握大意。快速阅读全文，通过通览全文来领会大意，概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等，并找出信息词。2．试填——紧扣文意，瞻前顾后。先易后难，逐层深入。紧扣全文内容，联系上下文和语境，展开逻辑推理，注意从上下文中寻找线索，注意从词的意义、搭配、习惯用法、常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。3．复核——全面检查，确保语意连贯，用词准确。试填后，要把全文再通读一遍，注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。（2023·武汉）Passage1Katiesaidgoodbyetoherparentsatthefrontdooroftheircandyshopastheydroveoffforavacation,andKatie___1___she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp.AuntMariadidn’thaveanyexperienceonbusiness,butsheisalwayscalled“___2___”.AsMariablewintothestore,shesaid,“Allright,Katiemylove,let’sgetthispartystarted.”Katietookherauntovertowherethefamilymadetheirowncandy,suchasfreshfudge(软糖).AuntMaria___3__apieceofchocolatefudge.“Hmm,”shesaid.“It’sgood,butnot___4__.Wecanaddsomethingtomakethatbasictasteexciting.”BeforeKatiecould___5___whatMariameant,thewomanhadgonetothekitchen.Katieheardherwalkingaround,openingdrawersandthefridge.Thenshecamebackwithherhandsfullofthings.She__6___themontheworksurfacewithahappytune(小调).“Brusselssprouts(甘蓝)?”Katiegaveheraunta___7___look.Shecouldn’tbeserious!Butshewas.Thewoman’shandswerebusy___8___thegreenvegetablesandthenaddingthosesmallpiecesintothefudge.Katie’seyesgrewwideasshewatchedherauntmixthemtogether.Katie__10__asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang,announcingsome___9____.Threeboyscamein.“I’llhavestrawberryfudge,please,”saidthefirstboy.“Oh,how____11____,”laughedMaria.“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew!Trythis!”SheofferedtheboystheBrusselssproutfudge.“It’sfree!____12____!”Surprised,buttoopoliteto___13___,theboysleftwiththefudge.“Theregoourcustomers.Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis,andnobodywillwanttoshophere!”Katiesaidtoherself.Shedidn’tknowwhattodo.Herparentsweregoingtobe____14____.Thesoundofthebellwokeherupfromher____15____.Theboyswereback!Butthistimetherewasacrowdofkidscomingintothestorewiththem.“GivemetwopiecesofBrusselssproutfudge,please.”1.A.promised B.remembered C.pretended D.checked2.A.friendly B.creative C.honest D.lucky3.A.noticed B.bought C.made D.tried4.A.soft B.sweet C.smooth D.special5.A.believe B.change C.question D.explain6.A.stuck B.left C.spread D.swept7.A.strange B.fresh C.black D.hungry8.A.washing B.weighing C.cutting D.cooking9.A.movedon B.lookedup C.brokedown D.cameover10.A.clerks B.policemen C.customers D.businessmen11.A.expensive B.cheap C.funny D.boring12.A.Stay B.Enjoy C.Go D.Help13.A.accept B.argue C.eat D.order14.A.mad B.calm C.relaxed D.silent15.A.mistakes B.memories C.plans D.thoughts【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.D5.C6.C7.A8.C9.B10.C11.D12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】本文主要介绍了凯蒂的父母去度假时，她和玛利亚阿姨照看她家的糖果店，玛利亚阿姨制作了一些奇怪的糖果，这吸引了很多顾客。1.句意：当父母开车去度假时，凯蒂在他们糖果店的前门向他们道别，凯蒂承诺在玛丽亚阿姨的帮助下她可以经营糖果店。promised承诺；remembered记得；pretended假装；checked检查。根据“she’dbeabletorunitwithAuntMaria’shelp”可知她承诺会好好经营糖果店。故选A。2.句意：玛丽亚阿姨没有任何商业经验，但她总是被称为“有创造力”。friendly友好的；creative有创造力的；honest诚实的；lucky幸运的。根据下文的描述可知，她制作了一些奇怪的糖果，所以她被认为“有创造力”。故选B。3.句意：玛丽亚阿姨尝了一块巧克力软糖。noticed注意到；bought买；made制造；tried尝试。根据“apieceofchocolatefudge”可知是尝了一块软糖。故选D。4.句意：它很好，但并不特别。soft软的；sweet甜的；smooth顺滑的；special特别的。根据“Theywilltelleveryonehowstrangeourcandyis”可知店里的糖果不特别。故选D。5.句意：凯蒂还没来得及问玛丽亚什么意思，那个女人就已经去厨房了。believe相信；change改变；question质疑；explain解释。根据“whatMariameant”可知是问玛利亚阿姨她说的话是什么意思。故选C。6.句意：她用欢快的曲调把它们铺在工作面上。stuck卡住；left离开；spread传播；swept清扫。根据“themontheworksurface”可知是把拿来的东西放在工作面上，用动词spread。故选C。7.句意：凯蒂奇怪地看了她姑姑一眼。strange奇怪的；fresh新鲜的；black黑的；hungry饥饿的。根据“Shecouldn’tbeserious”可知她很奇怪玛利亚阿姨拿甘蓝做什么。故选A。8.句意：这位女士的手正忙着切绿色蔬菜，然后把这些小块加入软糖中。washing洗；weighing称重；cutting切；cooking做饭。根据“thegreenvegetables”可知是切这些蔬菜。故选C。9.句意：凯蒂抬头一看，前门上的门铃响了，宣布有顾客。movedon继续前进；lookedup向上看；brokedown分解；cameover过来。根据“asthebelloverthefrontdoorrang”可知铃响时，她抬起头看。故选B。10.句意：凯蒂抬头一看，前门上的门铃响了，宣布有顾客。clerks职员；policemen警察；customers顾客；businessman商人。根据“Theregoourcustomers”可知是有顾客。故选C。11.句意：真无聊expensive昂贵的；cheap便宜的；funny有趣的；boring无聊的。根据“Imustsuggestyoutrysomethingnew”可知玛丽亚阿姨认为年轻人要的软糖很无趣，所以建议他尝试一些新东西。故选D。12.句意：它是免费的。请享用吧！stay停留；enjoy享受；go去；help帮助。根据“It’sfree”可知是请他享用甘蓝软糖。故选B。13.句意：男孩们很惊讶，但太礼貌了，而不想争辩，带着软糖离开了。accept接受；argue争论；eat吃；order命令。根据“buttoopoliteto”可知他很有礼貌，所以不想争辩。故选B。14.句意：她的父母都快疯了。mad生气的；calm平静的；relaxed放松的；silent沉默的。根据“nobodywillwanttoshophere”可知没有人来糖果店里买糖果，她父母会生气。故选A。15.句意：铃声把她从思考中唤醒。mistakes错误；memories记忆；plans计划；thoughts想法。根据“Katiesaidtoherself.”可知她一直在思考。故选D。Passage2（2023·苏州）WhenIwaselevenyearsold,mylifechangedforeverwhenIgotaseriousdisease.Mylifewas___1___withoperationsandtreatments.IfeltstressedbecauseIwasreallyuncertain___2___everythingthatwashappening.Oneday,Iwasreceivingmythirteenthoperationinthehospital.Beingawayfrommyfriendsandschoolwascausingmealmostasmuch___3___astheoperationitself.Duringthathospitalstay,Ireceivedacardfromavolunteer.Thatsimple___4___meantmuchtomeandgavemehopeagainduringmytimeofneed.I’llnever___5___thewayIfeltafterthatsmallactofkindness.IstartedcreatinganorganizationcalledCardsforHospitalized(住院的)Kids.Thecharitybeganwithasimpledreamofgiving___6___,joyandmagictothosekids.Itlater___7___anationalorganizationthatsentcardstoover5000sickkidsatmorethan50hospitalsacrossthecountry.Itishardtobelievethatanactassimpleasacardcandosomuchgood,___8___itdoes.Seeingapictureofachild___9___oneofourcardswithahugesmilemakesuskeepthiswonderfulcharityalive.____10____mightprovidemedicineforthesesickkids,butweprovidethatlittlebitofhopeandmagicthat’llgoalongway.1.A.lighted B.matched C.filled D.painted2.A.about B.with C.over D.towards3.A.fun B.pain C.value D.danger4.A.act B.job C.game D.lesson5.A.mind B.lead C.forget D.risk6.A.hope B.fear C.shock D.pressure7.A.lookedup B.gaveup C.brokeinto D.turnedinto8.A.nor B.but C.for D.or9.A.selling B.printing C.holding D.cleaning10.A.Teachers B.Friends C.Patients D.Doctors【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.A5.C6.A7.D8.B9.C10.D【解析】本文讲述了作者住院时收到了一个志愿者寄来的卡片，这个小小的举动对作者意义重大，所以作者后来建一个名为住院儿童卡片的组织，给生病的孩子带来希望、快乐和魔力。1.句意：我的生活充满了手术和治疗。lighted照亮；matched匹配；filled填充；painted画画。根据“WhenIwaselevenyearsold,mylifechangedforeverwhenIgotaseriousdisease.”可知因为作者得了一场重病，所以生活充满了手术和治疗，befilledwith“充满”，故选C。2.句意：我感到压力很大，因为我对正在发生的一切都不确定。about关于；with和；over在……上；towards朝着。beuncertainaboutsth“对某事不确定”，故选A。3.句意：离开我的朋友和学校给我带来的痛苦几乎和手术本身一样多。fun乐趣；pain痛苦；value价值；danger危险。根据“Beingawayfrommyfriendsandschool”可知离开了朋友和学校，作者是很痛苦的，故选B。4.句意：这个简单的举动对我意义重大，在我需要的时候给了我希望。act行为；job工作；game游戏；lesson课程。根据“Ireceivedacardfromavolunteer.”可知是指一个志愿者给作者寄卡片这个行为对作者意义重大，故选A。5.句意：我永远不会忘记那次小小的善举后我的感受。mind介意；lead引导；forget忘记；risk冒险。根据“I’llnever...thewayIfeltafterthatsmallactofkindness.”可知作者永远不会忘记这小小的善举给自己带来的感受。故选C。6.句意：这个慈善机构始于一个简单的梦想，那就是给那些孩子带来希望、快乐和魔力。hope希望；fear害怕；shock震惊；pressure压力。根据“Thecharity”可知慈善机构是给孩子带来希望的，故选A。7.句意：后来它变成了一个全国性的组织，给全国50多家医院的5000多名生病的孩子送去了贺卡。lookedup查阅；gaveup放弃；brokeinto闯入；turnedinto变成。根据“anationalorganization”可知是指这个慈善机构变成了全国性的组织，故选D。8.句意：很难相信像一张卡片这样简单的行为能带来这么多好处，但它确实如此。nor也没有；but但是；for为了；or或者。根据“Itishardtobelievethatanactassimpleasacardcandosomuchgood...itdoes”可知前后是转折关系，应用but连接，故选B。9.句意：看到一个孩子带着灿烂的笑容拿着我们的卡片的照片，让我们把这个美好的慈善机构继续存在下去。selling卖；printing打印；holding持着；cleaning打扫。根据“Seeingapictureofachild...oneofourcardswithahugesmile”可知是指孩子拿着卡片，应用holding，故选C。10.句意：医生可能会为这些生病的孩子提供药物，但我们提供的是那一点点希望和魔力，这将会走很长的路。Teachers老师；Friends朋友；Patients病人；Doctors医生。根据“providemedicineforthesesickkids,”可知给生病的孩子提供药物的是医生，故选D。Passage3（2023·河南）Itwasarainy,windyOctoberafternoon.Garthstoodoutsidehishousewithawidesmile.Thiswas____1____weatherfortestinghisnewinvention—UmbrellaHat.Hecouldhardlywaittoseewhetheritcouldkeeptherainoff.Hecarefully____2____thehatonhisheadandstartedwalking____3____alongthestreet.Itworked!Suddenly,threeboysinhisneighborhoodappearedand____4____him.Todd,thebiggestone,pulledhisUmbrellaHatoffhishead.“What’sTHIS?”heasked.“It’sanUmbrellaHat.Youcanwearitonrainydaysand…”Garthsaid.Theboys____5____,“Willanyonewearthatstupidthing?”Toddthrewthehatontothegroundandtheyranoff.GarthpickeduphisUmbrellaHatfromthegroundintears.“MaybeToddwas____6____…inreality,whowouldeverneedhisinvention?”Heloweredhisheadandthoughttohimself.Suddenlyhe____7____andsawaladylookingathim.“Iwasjustleavingmyhouse____8____Isawyouandthoseboys.Areyouokay?”Thenshesawthe____9____UmbrellaHatandasked,“Er…what’sthat?”“It’smyUmbrellaHat.Ithoughtofitandmadeitmyself…”answeredGarth.“Whatacreative_____10_____youhave!Don’teverletstupidboysputyoudown!Keepinventingandonedayyouwill_____11_____somethingreallygreat!”saidthelady.“Andyouhavegivenmeawonderful____12_____,”shecontinued,“Ihaveagadget(小器具)shop—Gadgets4U—andI’dliketoholda_____13_____tofindthebestyounggadgetinventorinourtown.Iwilldisplay(展示)threebestinventionsinmyshop.I’msureyouwillhavea(n)____14_____ofwinningaprize.”Garthwasvery_____15_____.Gadgets4Uwasoneofhisfavoriteplacesandthethoughtofhavinghisinventiondisplayedinthatwonderfulplacewastooexcitingforwords.Hesuddenlyfeltmuchbetterandcouldalreadyfeellotsofnewideascomingout,waitingtospringintolife!1.A.cold B.perfect C.strange D.changeable2.A.raised B.placed C.dropped D.repaired3.A.heavily B.madly C.thankfully D.purposefully4.A.guided B.praised C.stopped D.refused5.A.replied B.laughed C.wondered D.greeted6.A.right B.angry C.polite D.silly7.A.cameup B.gaveup C.lookedup D.showedup8.A.when B.until C.if D.after9.A.ugly B.old C.broken D.tiny10.A.mind B.habit C.game D.tool11.A.show B.meet C.plan D.create12.A.skill B.gift C.idea D.job13.A.party B.meeting C.conversation D.competition14.A.choice B.chance C.excuse D.experience15.A.surprised B.bored C.relaxed D.worried【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.A11.D12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】本文主要介绍了Garth发明了一个雨伞帽，但是三个男孩嘲笑他的发明，他感到很沮丧，但是一个女士鼓励了他，他又重新燃气了希望。1.句意：这是测试他的新发明雨伞帽的最佳天气。cold冷的；perfect完美的；strange奇怪的；changeable多变的。根据“Itwasarainy”可知下雨的天气测试雨伞帽是完美的。故选B。2.句意：他小心翼翼地把帽子戴在头上，开始有目的地沿着街道走。raised提高；placed放置；dropped掉落；repaired修理。根据“thehatonhishead”可知是把帽子放在头上。故选B。3.句意：他小心翼翼地把帽子戴在头上，开始有目的地沿着街道走。heavily重重地；madly生气地；thankfully感激地；purposefully有意地。根据“alongthestreet”可知他带着雨伞帽在雨中行走是为了测试，所以是有目的的。故选D。4.句意：突然，他附近的三个男孩出现并拦住了他。guided指导；praised表扬；stopped阻止，阻拦；refused拒绝。根据“threeboysinhisneighborhoodappearedand”可知是拦住他和他说话。故选C。5.句意：男孩们笑着说：“有人会戴那个愚蠢的东西吗？”replied回答；laughed笑；wondered想知道；greeted打招呼。根据“Willanyonewearthatstupidthing”可知这些男孩笑他的发明很愚蠢。故选B。6.句意：也许Todd是对的。right正确的；angry生气的；polite礼貌的；silly愚蠢的。根据“whowouldeverneedhisinvention”可知他现在也认为Todd也许是对的。故选A。7.句意：突然，他抬起头来，看到一位女士在看着他。cameup走上前；gaveup放弃；lookedup向上看；showedup现身。根据“sawaladylookingathim”可知是抬起头看到了一位女士。故选C。8.句意：我刚离开家，就看到你和那些男孩。when当……时候；until直到；if如果；after在……后。根据“Iwasjustleavingmyhouse...Isawyou...”可知是当看到他们的时候。故选A。9.句意：然后她看到那顶破伞帽。ugly丑陋的；old老的；broken破的；tiny小的。根据“Toddthrewthehatontotheground”可知Todd把雨伞帽从他头上拿下来，摔到了地上，所以这个帽子坏了。故选C。10.句意：你真有创造力！mind思想；habit习惯；game游戏；tool工具。根据“Whatacreative...”可知是大脑很有创造力。故选A。11.句意：继续发明，总有一天你会创造出真正伟大的东西！show展示；meet遇见；plan计划；create创造。根据“Keepinventingandonedayyouwill”可知是继续发明，会创造出好东西。故选D。12.句意：你给了我一个绝妙的主意。skill技能；gift礼物；idea想法；job工作。根据“Andyouhavegivenmeawonderful...”以及下文的描述“I’dliketoholda...tofindthebestyounggadgetinventorinourtown.Iwilldisplay(展示)threebestinventionsinmyshop.”可知，他给了那位女士一个好的想法。故选C。13.句意：我想举办一场比赛，寻找我们镇上最优秀的年轻小工具发明者。party聚会；meeting会议；conversation交谈；competition比赛。根据“findthebestyounggadgetinventorinourtown”可知要找到最优秀的发明者，所以要举办比赛。故选D。14.句意：我相信你会有机会获奖的。choice选择；chance机会；excuse借口；experience经历。根据“ofwinningaprize”可知是有机会获奖。故选B。15.句意：Garth非常吃惊。surprised吃惊的；bored无聊的；relaxed放松的；worried担心的。根据“Gadgets4Uwasoneofhisfavoriteplaces”可知这个地方是他最喜欢的地方之一，所以当他听到这个店的老板说他有机会获奖时，他感到很惊讶。故选A。Passage4（2023·杭州）InFebruary2007,abouttwohundredparagliderswereinAustraliatopreparefortheWorldChampionship.TheyincludedEwaWisnierska,aGermanparaglidingchampion(冠军).Onemorning,asthe___1___weregettingreadytotakeoff,theynoticedthataterriblestormwascoming.However,theydecidedto___2___.Afterall,thesewerethebestparaglidersintheworld.Unluckily,asthecompetitorstookoff,theweatherquicklybecame___3___.Ewatriedtogetawayfromthestorm,buttwohuge___4___cametogetherandcaughther.ThecloudspulledEwaupinsidethestormlikealeafinthe___5___.Sheflewhigherandhigher,withlightning(闪电)andhailstones(冰雹)allaroundher.“Iwas___6___,”shetoldreportersafterwards.“ThelastthingI___7___,itwasdark.Icouldhearlightningallaroundme.”She___8___toabout10,000metershighandthenlostallhersenses.Atthatheight,thetemperaturewasabout-40℃.AfterfortyminutesEwawokeup.Shewasstillinsidethestorm.Itwasdarkandhailstoneswere___9___past.Theywereasbigastennisballs.Finally,Ewacameoutofthestormcloudand___10___towardsasmallfarmandlanded___11___.Shefelltotheground,too___12___tocallforhelp.Whenherteam____13____her,shewas60kmawayfromtheplacewhereshetookoff.Shewascoveredinice—butalive!Ewawassenttoa(an)___14___fortreatmentatonce,butafewdayslater,shecompetedintheWorldChampionship.“Flyingistoofantastictostop___15___anaccident,”shesaid.1.A.runners B.competitors C.pilots D.winners2.A.getup B.turnon C.lookup D.carryon3.A.colder B.cooler C.worse D.wetter4.A.storms B.clouds C.birds D.hands5.A.wind B.rain C.tree D.world6.A.shaking B.pulling C.dreaming D.smiling7.A.decide B.repeat C.consider D.remember8.A.guided B.drove C.returned D.rose9.A.flying B.walking C.crying D.pushing10.A.climbed B.jumped C.headed D.swam11.A.comfortably B.safely C.sadly D.secretly12.A.proud B.nervous C.weak D.brave13.A.served B.caught C.visited D.reached14A.hospital B.school C.hotel D.office15.A.nextto B.accordingto C.becauseof D.insteadof【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.B5.A6.A7.D8.D9.A10.C11.B12.C13.D14.A15.C【解析】本文讲述了滑翔伞运动员艾娃被风暴卷上天空最后安全着落的经历。1.句意：一天早上，当参赛者准备起飞时，他们注意到一场可怕的风暴即将来临。runners跑步者；competitors参赛者；pilots飞行员；winners赢家。根据“abouttwohundredparagliderswereinAustraliatopreparefortheWorldChampionship”可知，是滑翔伞比赛的参赛者。故选B。2.句意：然而，他们决定继续下去。getup起床；turnon打开；lookup查阅；carryon继续。根据“Afterall,thesewerethebestparaglidersintheworld.”可知，尽管风暴要来了，他们还是决定继续起飞。故选D。3.句意：不幸的是，当参赛者起飞时，天气很快变得更糟了。colder更冷；cooler更凉；worse更糟糕；wetter更湿润。根据“Unluckily”和前文可知，风暴要来了，天气变得糟糕。故选C。4.句意：艾娃试图逃离风暴，但两团巨大的云层聚集在一起，把她抓住了。storms风暴；clouds云；birds鸟；hands手。根据“Ewatriedtogetawayfromthestorm,buttwohuge…cametogetherandcaughther.”可知，是两团巨大的云来了。故选B。5.句意：云朵把埃娃像风中的一片树叶一样拉进了风暴。wind风；rain雨；tree树；world世界。根据“likealeafinthe…”可知，把她比作风中的树叶，被轻而易举地拉了进去。故选A。6.句意：我在发抖。shaking发抖；pulling拉；dreaming做梦；smiling微笑。根据“Sheflewhigherandhigher,withlightning(闪电)andhailstones(冰雹)allaroundher.”可知，高空处很冷，所以她在发抖。故选A。7.句意：我记得的最后一件事是，天很黑。decide决定；repeat重复；consider考虑；remember记得。根据“ThelastthingI…,itwasdark.”可知，这是她记得的事情。故选D。8.句意：她上升到大约10000米高，然后失去了所有的感知。guided指导；drove开车；returned返回；rose升起。根据“toabout10,000metershigh”可知，是升到高空。故选D。9.句意：天很黑，冰雹呼啸而过。flying飞；walking走；crying哭；pushing推。根据“hailstoneswere…past”可知，冰雹从她身边飞过。故选A。10.句意：最后，艾娃从风暴云中逃脱出来，向一个小农场移去，安全着陆。climbed爬；jumped跳；headed移向；swam游泳。根据“towardsasmallfarm”可知，她在空中向一个农场移动。故选C。11.句意：最后，艾娃从风暴云中逃脱出来，向一个小农场跳去，安全着陆。comfortably舒服地；safely安全地；sadly伤心地；secretly秘密地。根据“towardsasmallfarmandlanded…”可知，描述她着陆时的状态，结合选项，应是安全地。故选B。12.句意：她倒在地上，虚弱得无法呼救。proud骄傲的；nervous紧张的；weak虚弱的；brave勇敢的。根据“…tocallforhelp.”可知，她太虚弱，无法呼救。故选C。13.句意：当她的团队找到她时，她离起飞的地方有60公里。served服务；caught抓住；visited拜访；reached到达，取得联系。根据“Whenherteam…her,shewas60kmawayfromtheplacewhereshetookoff.”可知，她的团队找到了她，reached符合语境。故选D。14.句意：艾娃立刻被送到医院接受治疗，但几天后，她参加了世界锦标赛hospital医院；school学校；hotel宾馆；office办公室。根据“fortreatment”可知，是送到了医院。故选A。15.句意：飞行太美妙了，不能因为事故而停下来。nextto挨着；accordingto根据；becauseof由于；insteadof而不是。根据“Flyingistoofantastictostop…anaccident”可知，她认为不能因为发生事故就停止飞行。故选C。Passage5（2023·江苏扬州）Jacksataloneonthebusridehomefromschool.Allhisfriendswere____16____theirclassprojectsexcitedly,butJackremainedsilent.Howcouldtheyunderstandhisfeelingswhentheirparentswouldhelpthem?Hisparentsworkedallthetime.Whenthebusstopped,heracedhome,____17____hisschoolbagonthefloor,andwalkedstraighttohisbedroom.“Jack?”Grandpa’s____18____calledout.“Wasthatyou?”Jackstopped____19____heclosedhisbedroomdoor.“Yes,Grandpa,it’sme.”GrandpaHigginscamefromthekitchencarryingasandwich.“Youdon’tsoundokay,”hesaidashetooka____20____.ShouldJacktellGrandpathetruth?Whatcoul