2024届河北省邯郸市高三下学期第三次调研考试英语试题（解析版）

第1页/共1页邯郸市2024届高三年级第三次调研考试英语考生注意：1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上,并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C.三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C1.Whatdoesthemanofferthewoman?A.Aride.B.Aticket.C.Anumbrella.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Vegetables.B.Clothes.C.Sports.3.Howdoesthemansound?A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Surprised.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shelovesdogs.B.Shekeepsnopets.C.Shethinkscatsaredirty.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacoffeeshop.B.Nearthelibrary.C.Nexttothepostoffice.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Intheevening.B.Atnoon.C.Inthemorning.7.Whatdoestherestaurantofferforfree?A.Tea.B.Sweetdumplings.C.Slicednoodles.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?A.Thehotel.B.Thefood.C.Theservice.9.Whathappenedtothemanonthetrip?A.Hefellill.B.Hegotlost.C.Hehadanaccident.10.Howdidthemangetbacktothehotel?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Onfoot.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whendidtheclubopenagain?A.Onthetwelfth.B.Onthethirteenth.C.Onthefourteenth.12.Whyisthemanlookingfortoday’snewspaper?A.Tofindouttoday’sdate.BTogetsomeimportantnews.C.Toknowwhatfilmsareonthisweek.13.WhatwillthewomandoonSaturday?A.Seeafilm.B.Playtennis.C.Visitherfamily.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14Whatdoesthemanusebatteriesfor?A.Thecar.B.Theclock.C.Theradio.15.Whereistheman’scoffeeusuallykept?A.Underashelf.B.Onashelf.C.Onatable.16.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Fatheranddaughter.17.Whatdoesthemanoffertodointheend?A.Dotheshopping.B.Cookdinner.C.Makeacall.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthespeakerputinsidetheboxintheexperiment?A.Somecandies.B.Acard.C.Atoy.19.Whichgroupofchildrentoldliesmostoftenduringtheexperiment?A.Thefive-year-olds.B.Thesix-year-olds.C.Theseven-year-olds.20.Whatdidthechildrenunderseventhinkoflying?A.Itwasuseless.B.Itwouldbringthemself-respect.C.Itcouldhelpthemtoavoidtrouble.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上该项涂黑。AIfyou’relookingforsomefestiveatmosphere,here’spartoftheFloridafestivalcalendar.KumquatFestival,DadeCity,Jan.27ThedowntowninDadeCityfillswithasmanyas35,000peopleforthisfreeeventcelebratingthetangylittlefruitgrownlocally.Alongwithdozensofboothsandliveentertainment,ahighlightisenjoyingkumquattreats,fromkumquatpie,kumquatcookiestokumquatsalad.SunnylandBoatFestival,Tavares,Mar.22-24Thisantiqueandclassicboatfestivalisoneofthelargestclassicwoodboatshowsinthecountrywithasmanyas250to300restoredancientboatsondisplayinthewaterandalongonethirdofamileofLakeDorashorelineatWootonParkinTavares,whichisreallyafeasttotheeyeforfree.SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival,Sarasota,Nov.10-13TwodozenprofessionalartistscompeteincreatingsculpturesonthegorgeousSiestaKeybeach.Thosewhobuyticketscanwatchthesculpturestakeshape,viewthemundercoloredlightsatnight,seedemonstrationsandtakelessons.Thepartyatmosphereincludesatentwithfulbar(noticketrequired)andavendor(小贩)village.ArtBaselMiamiBeach,MiamiBeach,Dec.8-10ArtBasel,aninternationalartfair,drawstopgalleriesfromaroundtheworldplustherichandcelebritiestoSouthFlorida.AfarcryfromthestreetartfestivalsalloverFlorida,thisisaneventthatisnotcheap-Ticketsstartat$65.Overtheyears,however,avarietyofsatelliteeventshavedeveloped,creatingart-relatedeventsforregularfolks,includingMiamiArtWeek.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheeventheldinDadeCity?A.Learnsculpturingskills. B.Tasteaspeciallocalfruit.C.Setupatentofyourown. D.Competewithprofessionals.2.WhatdoSiestaKeySunsculptingFestivalandArtBaselMiamiBeachhaveincommon?A.Theychargeforadmission. B.Theytakeplaceonthesamebeach.C.Theyaredesignedforartists. D.Theyhavegeneratedsmallerevents.3.Whichfestivaloffersachancetoreflectonthepastdays?A.KumquatFestival. B.SunnylandBoatFestival.C.ArtBaselMiamiBeach. D.SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。如果你想寻找一些节日气氛，这里是佛罗里达州节日日历的一部分。本文主要介绍了四个佛罗里达州的节日。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据KumquatFestival,DadeCity,Jan.27部分的“Alongwithdozensofboothsandliveentertainment,ahighlightisenjoyingkumquattreats,fromkumquatpie,kumquatcookiestokumquatsalad.(除了数十个展位和现场娱乐外，一个亮点是享用金桔美食，从金桔派、金桔饼干到金桔沙拉。)”可知，在戴德市举行的活动中，游客可以品尝当地特色水果金桔。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据SiestaKeySunsculptingFestival,Sarasota,Nov.10-13部分的“Thosewhobuyticketscanwatchthesculpturestakeshape,viewthemundercoloredlightsatnight,seedemonstrationsandtakelessons.(买票的人可以观看雕塑的成型，晚上在彩灯下观看，观看演示和上课。)”和ArtBaselMiamiBeach,MiamiBeach,Dec.8-10部分的“AfarcryfromthestreetartfestivalsalloverFlorida,thisisaneventthatisnotcheap-Ticketsstartat$65.(与佛罗里达州各地的街头艺术节相去甚远，这是一个不便宜的活动。门票起价65美元。)”可知，SiestaKeySunscomptingFestival和ArtBaselMiamiBeach都收取入场费。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据SunnylandBoatFestival,Tavares,Mar.22-24部分的“Thisantiqueandclassicboatfestivalisoneofthelargestclassicwoodboatshowsinthecountrywithasmanyas250to300restoredancientboatsondisplayinthewaterandalongonethirdofamileofLakeDorashorelineatWootonParkinTavares,whichisreallyafeasttotheeyeforfree.(这个古老而经典的船节是该国最大的经典木船展之一，在塔瓦雷斯的伍顿公园，有多达250至300艘修复的古船在水中和三分之一英里的多拉湖海岸线上展出，这真的是一场免费的盛宴。)”可知，SunnylandBoatFestival提供了一个反思过去日子的机会。故选B。BAfewyearsago,Iaskedaneighborhoodhandymantobuildatree-houseinmybackyard.Inpart,thiswastosolveaproblem:mychildrenweregoodfriendswiththechildrenwholivedbesideusandtheylikedtoclimboverthefencethatseparatedthetwoyards.Wecouldhavejustputagateintothefence,butIdecidedthatbuildingsomekindofclimbablestructurearoundthelargefirtreeintheyard,whichalsoincludedastaircaseintotheneighbor’syard,wasamorecreativesolutiontotheproblem,andIlikedtheideathatthetree-housewouldalsoservetojointhetwoplayspacestogether.ThehandymantookthetaskmuchmoreseriouslythanIhadexpected.Hemadedrawings,builtsmallwoodenmodels,andevenheldakindof“visioning”exercisewiththechildrenandtheirparentstomakesurethathehadn’tmissedanyimportantdetails.Attheendofourlengthydiscussions,heasked,“Wherewouldyoulikemetoputthebeerrail?”ThequestiontookmeabackasIhadn’treallyconsideredthepossibilitythataniceplaystructureinmyyardmightalsofacilitatebeerconsumptionamongtheneighborhoodchildren,butIquicklytunedintothefactthatourdesignerhadintuitedwhatshouldhavebeenobvioustome-thechildrenwouldn’tbetheonlyonestotakeadvantageofthisplatformupamongthebranchesofthebeautifuloldtree.And,indeed,overtheyearsthatIlivedinthathouseIdiscoveredthattheplatformmadeaprettygoodperch(栖息处),notonlyfortheoccasionalcoldbeer,butalsoforsittinganddreaming,readingabook,enjoyingapicnicorevengettingsomewritingdone.Mychildrenenjoyedclimbingaroundinthetree-house,playingtag,settingupimaginarypirateshipsandfortresses(城堡),andtheyalsouseditforsomequietthinkingandeventheoccasionalmathhomework.Thetreeseemedtobeaparticularlygoodalgebratutor.4.Whydidtheauthorprefertobuildastaircase?A.Itwouldmakethetree-houselookprettier.B.Itwouldgivebetterprotectiontothefence.C.Itwouldbefinishedatlowcost.D.Itwouldconnecttheneighbor’skidsmoreclosely.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofbuildinga“beerrail”initially?A.Itwasoutofdate. B.Itwasunnecessary.C.Itwasunaffordable. D.Itwastoocomplicated.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intuited”inparagraph3mean?A.Misunderstood. B.Examined. C.Recognized. D.Proved.7.Whichcanbestdescribethehandyman?A.Ambitiousandpersuasive. B.Strictandkind-hearted.C.Carefulandfar-sighted. D.Humbleandgenerous.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者在后院建一个树屋方便孩子和邻居家的孩子玩耍的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“butIdecidedthatbuildingsomekindofclimbablestructurearoundthelargefirtreeintheyard,whichalsoincludedastaircaseintotheneighbor’syard,wasamorecreativesolutiontotheproblem,andIlikedtheideathatthetree-housewouldalsoservetojointhetwoplayspacestogether(但我决定在院子里的大冷杉树周围建造一些可攀爬的结构，其中还包括通往邻居院子的楼梯，这是一个更有创意的解决方案，我喜欢这个想法，树屋也可以将两个玩耍空间连接在一起)”可知，作者选择建一个楼梯是因为这更有创意，将两个玩耍空间连接在一起，方便两家孩子玩耍，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“ThequestiontookmeabackasIhadn’treallyconsideredthepossibilitythataniceplaystructureinmyyardmightalsofacilitatebeerconsumptionamongtheneighborhoodchildren(这个问题让我吃了一惊，因为我并没有真正考虑到在我的院子里建一个漂亮的游戏结构可能也会促进邻居孩子们喝啤酒的可能性)”可知，作者一开始没有考虑在院子里建一个漂亮的游戏结构可能也会促进邻居孩子们喝啤酒的可能性，由此推知作者一开始认为没有必要建啤酒横杆，故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Attheendofourlengthydiscussions,heasked,‘Wherewouldyoulikemetoputthebeerrail?’(在我们漫长的讨论结束时，他问我：‘你想让我把啤酒横杆放在哪里？’)”和划线词下文“thechildrenwouldn’tbetheonlyonestotakeadvantageofthisplatformupamongthebranchesofthebeautifuloldtree(孩子们不会是唯一利用这个位于美丽的老树的树枝上的平台)”可知，勤杂工问作者把啤酒横杆建在哪里，说明他意识到了孩子们不会是唯一使用这个平台的人，intuited意为“知道，意识到”，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThehandymantookthetaskmuchmoreseriouslythanIhadexpected.(这个勤杂工对待这项工作比我预料的要认真得多)”和第三段中“butIquicklytunedintothefactthatourdesignerhadintuitedwhatshouldhavebeenobvioustome(但我很快就意识到，我们的设计师已经凭直觉发现了一个对我来说应该很明显的事实)”可知，这名勤杂工做事认真，且从长远角度发现了一个作者忽视的事实，颇有远见，故选C。CWhydochildrenlearnsoquickly?Isitsimplyanecessity,orisachild’sbrainmorecapableoftakinginnewinformationthananadult’sbrain?“Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat‘childrenarelikesponges’andhavethemagicalabilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesomemisconceptionshere,“saidDebbieRaven,aresearcherattheUniversityofChester.“Achild’scognitive(认知的)developmentisage-relatedand,naturally,childrenperformworsethantheirolderpeersinmostareas.However,therearetimeswhenbeingyoungbringsanadvantage,andthisisespeciallytruearoundtheirearliestyears.Thisadvantageislargelyduetoneuroplasticity,meaningthebrain’sabilitytoformandchangeitsconnections,pathwaysandwiringbasedonexperiences.Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,ifnecessary,unlearn-habits,routines,approachesandactionsveryquickly.Thisabilityismostconstantandrapidbeforeachild’sfifthbirthday,whenmuchofwhattheyencounterorexperienceisnovel.“Thisabilitytolearnquicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas,includingplasticity,theirexperienceswithadults,theirenvironment,andtheirbiologicaldrivetoexplore,“Ravensaid.“Childhoodisaplacewherechildrenspendtheirtimecatchingupwithadults’moresophisticatedabilities.“Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawherechildrenoftenhaveahugeadvantageoveradults.Thisislargelybecause“babiesareabletotuneintotherhythmandsoundsusedintheirnativelanguage,andcanthereforebecomefluentspeakersbytheageoffour.“Thisabilitycanhelpyoungchildrenlearnasecondorthirdlanguagewithapparentease,Ravensaid.Inaresearchpaper,theauthorssuggestthat“humanbabiesarebornseeingandhearinglinguisticinformationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisabilitywithmoreexperienceintheirenvironments.Moreover,babiescan“discriminatespeechsoundsandtonesusedinaloftheworld’slanguages,makingthemopentoalinput,regardlessofthelinguisticenvironmenttheyareborninto.8.WhydoesRavenmaketheremarksinparagraph2?A.Toproveanewtheory. B.Tosharepersonalexperience.C.Tocorrectawrongbelief. D.Tosolvelong-heldconfusion.9.What’sonefeatureof“neuroplasticity”?A.Itenableschildrentobreakahabitquickly.B.Itaccompaniesapersonallthroughhislife.C.Itisentirelybasedonakid’spastexperiences.D.Itdisappearssoonafterachild’sfifthbirthday.10.Whatimpactskids’quicklearningabilityaccordingtoRaven?A.Theirbrainstructure. B.Theirhabitsandroutines.C.Theirparents’experiences. D.Theirinborndesiretoexplore.11.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkaboutinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Whychildrenaretalentedlanguagelearners.B.Whataretheproperwaysoflearninglanguages.C.Whenisthebesttimetolearnforeignlanguages.D.Howenvironmentscaninfluencelanguagelearning.【答案】8C9.A10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了孩子们学得快的原因，并解释了孩子为什么在语言学习领域有天赋。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的““Itisacommonwayofthinkingthat‘childrenarelikesponges’andhavethemagicalabilitytolearnnewskillsfasterthananadult,buttherearesomemisconceptionshere,“saidDebbieRaven,aresearcherattheUniversityofChester.“Achild’scognitive(认知的)developmentisage-relatedand,naturally,childrenperformworsethantheirolderpeersinmostareas.(切斯特大学的研究员黛比·拉文说：“人们普遍认为，‘孩子就像海绵’，有比成年人更快地学习新技能的神奇能力，但这里也存在一些误解。孩子的认知发展与年龄有关，理所当然地，孩子在大多数领域的表现都比年长的同龄人差。)”可知，研究员黛比·拉文发表评论是为了纠正一个错误的信仰——孩子有比成年人更快地学习新技能的神奇能力。而实际上孩子的认知发展与年龄有关。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Neuroplasticityiswhatgiveschildrenthecapacitytolearn-and,ifnecessary,unlearn-habits,routines,approachesandactionsveryquickly.(神经可塑性使儿童有能力学习，并在必要时迅速忘记习惯、惯例、方法和行动。)”可知，“神经可塑性”的一个特点是它能使孩子们很快改掉一个习惯。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Thisabilitytolearnquicklyisconnectedtoseveralareas,includingplasticity,theirexperienceswithadults,theirenvironment,andtheirbiologicaldrivetoexplore,“Ravensaid.(拉文说：“这种快速学习的能力与几个方面有关，包括可塑性、与成年人相处的经历、环境和天生的探索动力。)”可知，拉文认为，孩子与生俱来的探索欲望影响了孩子的快速学习能力。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“Languagelearning,inparticular,isanareawherechildrenoftenhaveahugeadvantageoveradults.Thisislargelybecause…(尤其是在语言学习领域，儿童往往比成年人具有巨大优势。这在很大程度上是因为……)”以及最后一段的“Inaresearchpaper,theauthorssuggestthat“humanbabiesarebornseeingandhearinglinguisticinformationthatolderchildrenandadultsmiss,althoughtheylosethisabilitywithmoreexperienceintheirenvironments.(在一篇研究论文中，作者提出，“人类婴儿在出生时就看到和听到了年龄较大的儿童和成年人错过的语言信息，尽管他们在环境中有了更多的经验后就失去了这种能力。)”可知，作者在最后两段主要讲到为什么孩子在语言学习领域往往比成年人具有巨大优势，即为什么孩子是有天赋的语言学习者。故选A。D“Individualsofallageswhohaveempathy(共情)understandthatsometimestellinglittlewhiteliescanprotectotherpeoplefromgettinghurt,”saysBarbaraGreenberg,aclinicalpsychologistinConnecticut.“MostpeoplethatIhavecomeacrosstelltheselittlewhiteliesbecausetheyunderstandthat100percenthonestyallthetimeisnotbeneficial.”Awhitelie,sheexplains,sparespeoplefromunnecessaryhurt.Atthesametime,Dr.JuliaBreur,amarriageandfamilytherapistinFlorida,emphasizestheimportanceofpayingattentiontothewaywerespondtosomeone.Thefactisthatnottellingthetruthcanresultinsomethingunpleasantonyou;it’snotjustaboutthepersonthewhitelieisbeingtoldto.Forexample,shesayssomeonewhoalwaystellsothersthat“allisgood”whenitcomestoasickparentinanefforttoavoiddiscussionsabouthowserioustheirhealthissuereallyis,caneventuallyfacestressfulexperiences.Whenthatparenteventuallypassesaway,thepersonwhoalwaysgavean“allisgood”responseendsupemotionallybroken.Sometimes,tellingwhiteliesoftendependsonthesituation,Dr.Breursays.Forexample,considerawomanwhohasnotseenhermotherforseveralmonths.Thedaughterhasgainednoticeableweight,yetthemotherrespondsbyexcitedlydeclaringthatshelooksgreat.“Iemphasizeduringpsychotherapysessionswithmypatientsthatcontexthelpsdefinemeaning,”Dr.Breursays.“Sowhenwelookatthecontextofamothersayingyoulookgreatwhensheclearlyseesthatherdaughterhasgainedweight,itcanbeacceptable.Itreflectstheintentionofthewhiteliewhichiskindness,protectionandunconditionallove.Otherwise,whitelies—especiallywhentoldtoavoidpersonalaccountability—canstartacycleofmistrustbetweenpeople,ultimatelycompromisingintegrity,”sheadds.Therefore,it’simportanttoaskourselveswhenitisandisn’tappropriatetodeliverthehonesttruth,andwhenit’sbesttostepbackandofferamoredelicateresponse.Moreoftenthannot,it’saboutfindingabalancebetweenthetwo.12.WhatcanbelearnedaboutwhiteliesaccordingtoBarbaraGreenberg?A.Theyareshort-lived. B.Theyareunidentifiable.C.Theyaretrouble-making. D.Theyarecommon.13.WhatmessagedoesDr.Breurdeliverinparagraph2?A.Whiteliescanharmboththeliarsandthelisteners.B.Wemustrespondtoourfamilymemberstruthfully.C.It’swrongtotellwhiteliestoaseriouslyillparent.D.The“allisgood”responseiseffectiveindealingwithpatients.14.WhatisDr.Breur’sattitudetowardsthemother’spracticeinparagraph3?A.Uncaring. B.Critical. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.EastorWest,WhiteLiesAretheBestB.ThinkTwiceBeforeYouTellWhiteLiesC.WhiteLiesSignifyUnconditionalLoveD.WhiteLiesAreEmpatheticPeople’sFavorableChoice【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要阐述了善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害，但有时候，善意的谎言往往取决于具体情况。因此，重要的是要问问自己，什么时候说实话是合适的，什么时候不合适，什么时候最好退一步，做出更微妙的回应。要在两者之间找到平衡。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的““MostpeoplethatIhavecomeacrosstelltheselittlewhiteliesbecausetheyunderstandthat100percenthonestyallthetimeisnotbeneficial.“Awhitelie,sheexplains,sparespeoplefromunnecessaryhurt.(‘我遇到的大多数人都会说善意的谎言，因为他们明白，一直100%的诚实是无益的。’她解释说，善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害。)”可知，根据芭芭拉·格林伯格的说法，善意的谎言很常见。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Atthesametime,Dr.JuliaBreur,amarriageandfamilytherapistinFlorida,emphasizestheimportanceofpayingattentiontothewaywerespondtosomeone.Thefactisthatnottellingthetruthcanresultinsomethingunpleasantonyou;it’snotjustaboutthepersonthewhitelieisbeingtoldto.(与此同时，佛罗里达州的婚姻和家庭治疗师JuliaBreur博士强调了关注我们回应他人的重要性。事实是，不说实话会让你感到不愉快；不仅仅是谎言的对象感到不愉快。)”可知，善意的谎言给说谎者和听者都会带来伤害。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的““Iemphasizeduringpsychotherapysessionswithmypatientsthatcontexthelpsdefinemeaning,”Dr.Breursays.“Sowhenwelookatthecontextofamothersayingyoulookgreatwhensheclearlyseesthatherdaughterhasgainedweight,itcanbeacceptable.Itreflectstheintentionofthewhiteliewhichiskindness,protectionandunconditionallove.Otherwise,whitelies—especiallywhentoldtoavoidpersonalaccountability—canstartacycleofmistrustbetweenpeople,ultimatelycompromisingintegrity,”sheadds.(Breur说：‘在心理治疗过程中，我和病人强调，情境有助于定义意义。’她补充道：‘所以，当我们看到一位母亲清楚地看到女儿长胖了，却说你看起来很棒时，这是可以接受的。它反映了善意谎言的意图，即善意、保护和无条件的爱。否则，善意的谎言——尤其是为了逃避个人责任而撒的谎言——会引发人与人之间不信任的循环，最终损害诚信。’)”可知，Breur博士对第3段中母亲的做法持支持态度，他认为它反映了善意谎言的意图，即善意、保护和无条件的爱。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中的“Therefore,it’simportanttoaskourselveswhenitisandisn’tappropriatetodeliverthehonesttruth,andwhenit’sbesttostepbackandofferamoredelicateresponse.Moreoftenthannot,it’saboutfindingabalancebetweenthetwo.(因此，重要的是要问问自己，什么时候说实话是合适的，什么时候不合适，什么时候最好退一步，做出更微妙的回应。通常情况下，这是关于在两者之间找到平衡。)”可知，本文主要讲了善意的谎言可以让人们免受不必要的伤害，但有时候，善意的谎言往往取决于具体情况。因此，在说善意的谎言之前要三思。B项“ThinkTwiceBeforeYouTellWhiteLies(说谎之前三思)”最能概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Campingisn’tthesamewithoutafireandinfact,manycampsitesevenallowtheuseofoneaslongasyouremainresponsibleandeco-friendly.Asdaylightdisappears,there’snothingquitelikeacampfiretoseeyouthroughtheeveningandintothenight.Remember,campfirescanbefunaslongasyouputsomecommonsenseintoyourpractice.___16___Ifyou’reafirst-timertothewholecampfirescene,orsimplywanttoknowhowtogetyourfireblazinginnotimeatall,we’vegotsomegreattipstohelpyou.•Choosetherightlocation.Withanycampfireit’simportanttoselectalocationthat’ssafe.Preferablyyou’dkeepawayfromareaswithoverhangingbranchesanddryundergrowth.___17___•Usedrywood.Ifyourwoodlogsarewetordamp,you’llreallystruggletogetanyfiregoing.Therefore,storethewoodinadryplaceandkeepyourmatchestuckedawayinaZiplocbag.•Buildupfromsmallbeginnings.___18___You’llneedtostartsmallandgettheblazegoingwithfirelighters,kindlingornewspapers.Onlythencanyoustarttoapplylargerwoodlogs.•___19___Don’taddthelargerlogsontooquickly,asthiscanstifle(抑制)thefireandseeyoureffortswastedatthefirsthurdle.•Remembertoputthefireout.Afteryousataroundthecampfire,enjoyinggreatconversationandsomelight-heartedgames,you’llneedtoputthefireout.___20___Instead,letthefirediedownandpourwaterorshovelearthonasrequired.A.Avoidrushingtheprocess.B.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.C.Agreatcampfiretakestimeandpatience.D.Nevergotobedbelievingasmokingfiresafe.E.Youmightcomeacrossavarietyofproblems.F.Alsomakesurenottobuildyourfiretoonearanytents.G.Campingisafantasticexperienceforpeopleofallages.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.A20.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了几项野外燃放篝火的建议和注意事项。【16题详解】上文“Remember,campfirescanbefunaslongasyouputsomecommonsenseintoyourpractice.(记住，只要你在实践中运用一些常识，篝火也可以很有趣。)”说明，使用一些常识可以让篝火很有趣，下文“Ifyou’reafirst-timertothewholecampfirescene,orsimplywanttoknowhowtogetyourfireblazinginnotimeatall,we’vegotsomegreattipstohelpyou.(如果你是第一次到篝火现场，或者只是想知道如何让你的火很快燃烧起来，我们有一些很好的建议来帮助你。)”说明如果想要篝火燃烧起来，有一些有用的建议，因此推断空处承上启下，E项“你可能会遇到各种各样的问题。”符合语境，说明想要篝火随时燃烧，可能会遇到一些问题，有一些建议可以给你帮助。故选E。【17题详解】上文“Choosetherightlocation.Withanycampfireit’simportanttoselectalocationthat’ssafe.Preferablyyou’dkeepawayfromareaswithoverhangingbranchesanddryundergrowth.(选择正确的位置。在任何篝火中选择一个安全的地点是很重要的。最好远离有悬垂树枝和干燥灌木丛的地方。)”说明，要选择合适的篝火位置，安全很重要，要因此推断F项“还要确保不要在离帐篷太近的地方生火。”符合语境，与前文是递进关系，说明安全问题。故选F。【18题详解】根据“Buildupfromsmallbeginnings.”可知，本段建议从小处做起。下文“You’llneedtostartsmallandgettheblazegoingwithfirelighters,kindlingornewspapers.Onlythencanyoustarttoapplylargerwoodlogs.(你需要从小处开始，用打火机、引火棒或报纸把火点燃。只有这样你才能开始使用更大的原木。)”说明从小处开始，先点火，慢慢地增加更大的木头，因此推断点燃篝火需要时间和耐心，C项“一个大的营火需要时间和耐心。”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】空处为段落标题。根据下文“Don’taddthelargerlogsontooquickly,asthiscanstifle(抑制)thefireandseeyoureffortswastedatthefirsthurdle.(不要过快地添加更大的原木，因为这可能会扼杀火焰，看到你的努力在第一个难关就白费了。)”可知，本段建议要避免操之过急。因此推断A项“不要操之过急。”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】上文“Remembertoputthefireout.Afteryousataroundthecampfire,enjoyinggreatconversationandsomelight-heartedgames,you’llneedtoputthefireout.(记得把火扑灭。当你坐在篝火旁，享受着愉快的交谈和一些轻松的游戏后，你需要把火扑灭。)”说明要记住最后要把火扑灭，下文“Instead,letthefirediedownandpourwaterorshovelearthonasrequired.(相反，让火慢慢地熄灭，根据需要浇水或铲土。)”讲述了灭火的方式，因此推断D项“睡觉时不要相信冒着烟的火是安全的。”与主题相符，承接上文，与下文是转折关系，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Iwasstrugglingearlierintheyear,eventhoughI’ma(n)___21___personbynature.Theentireworldseemedtohavecometoastopallofasudden.Iwas___22___withworryaboutmyfamilyandpayingthebills,andwhetherlifewouldeverbethesameagain.Then,oneeveningIwentoutsideand___23___.TheskywasdarkandthestarswereshiningsobrightlythatIalmostheldmybreath.AsIstoodunderthatsplendidceiling,Iwasfilledwith___24___.Ireallywantedtofindoutmoreaboutthem.Suddenly,IrememberedI’d___25___anapponmyphoneacoupleofmonthsearlier,which___26___allthestarsandplanets.Togetherwithmydaughters,Iracedtotheupstairs,wherewehadaperfect___27___ofthenightsky.Usingtheapp,wewereexcitedto___28___thatbrightwhitestarhangingoverthehorizonwasVenus.ThenwelookedpastBetelguese,adyingredsupergiantstar700timesthesizeofEarth,andmanymore.___29___,theworldnolongerseemedlikeanunfamiliarplace.It_____30_____methattheEarthhadbeenaroundfor4.5billionyearsandhadexperiencedthingsmuchmore_____31_____.Thatrealization_____32_____broughtmyworriesintoamuchbroaderperspective(眼界).Plus,thattwinklingnightskywasjustsobeautiful—Ifelthappierandcalmerjustlookingatit.Itbecameour_____33_____tositatthewindoweveryevening,gazingatthestars.Notonlydidithelpus_____34_____thereality,butforhalfanhoureachdaywegotto_____35_____outsideourfourwalls.21.A.optimistic B.patient C.independent D.considerate22.A.combined B.questioned C.consumed D.impressed23.A.pulledover B.lookedup C.headedoff D.calmeddown24.A.wonder B.pride C.anxiety D.guilt25.A.designed B.downloaded C.advertised D.tested26.A.reflects B.connects C.measures D.identifies27.A.view B.memory C.record D.example28.A.explain B.imagine C.discover D.indicate29.A.Bytheway B.Atfirstsight C.Atthatmoment D.Byallmeans30.A.benefited B.warned C.challenged D.struck31.A.informal B.flexible C.conventional D.dramatic32.A.constantly B.instantly C.secretly D.randomly33.A.regret B.routine C.adventure D.responsibility34.A.describe B.ignore C.stress D.face35.A.train B.gather C.travel D.recover【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.C30.D31.D32.B33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在面对生活中的困境、孤独无助时，与家人一起遥望星空，获得内心的平静和力量进而以更广阔的视角看待自己的问题，