河南省三门峡市2024届高三下学期第五次调研考试英语试题含解析

河南省三门峡市2024届高三下学期第五次调研考试英语试题注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Difficultiesstrengthenthemind,_____labourdoesthebody.A．if B．asC．for D．so2．—OK，here___________.—Thankyouforyourlift.Seeyoulater.A．areweB．isitC．weareD．comesit3．It’sraininghardandwecan’tgopicnickingtoday.Ifonlytheweather_____fine!A．is B．were C．hadbeen D．wouldbe4．Ifeelcold.____Iclosethewindow?Sure.Goahead!A．ShallB．NeedC．WouldD．Should5．After________________asandstormwarningonSundayevening,meteorologistsforecastthatdustyweatherwillcontinueinpartsofthecountryonMonday.A．breakingoff B．callingoff C．leavingoff D．puttingoff6．Internetshoppingisreally________whenpeoplearesureofitssafetyandsecurity.A．takingoff B．takingupC．settingoff D．settingup7．WhentheadmissionletterfromHarvardUniversityarrived,Ben'sparentswereandthrewabigparty.A．intheredB．tickledpinkC．aswhiteasasheetD．inabluemood8．Isawnomorethanonemotorcarintheshop.Willyougoandbuy?No,I’dratherfindinothershops.A．it;oneB．one;itC．it;theoneD．theone;it9．Onlyaftertalkingtotwostudentsthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.A．Ididdiscover B．didIdiscoverC．Idiscovered D．discovered10．Takingdrugshasbecomepartofeverysport_________athletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimits.A．which B．that C．who D．where11．Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga(n)_____amountofdailyexercisewoulddramaticallyimproveherhealth.A．modestB．equalC．considerableD．exact12．Ifyoucandowhatyou’reweakest______,youcanhandleanychallenge.A．forB．atC．withD．to13．Sometimesitseemstobothertheteacher______allthestudentsarebeingtooquiet.A．how B．whatC．that D．where14．——Whatwaswrong?Whydidn’tyougotothepicnicasscheduled?——I’msorry.I_________aseriously-injuredoldmantothehospital.A．woulddeliverB．deliveredC．haddeliveredD．wasdelivering15．ThoughthestoryofLiYunlongintheTVdrama“BrightSword”isafiction,muchof__________happenedishistoricallytrue.A．that B．what C．which D．it16．．WhatIlikeaboutHarvardisthere’stheoldclassicallook—thereareparksandtraditionalbuildings.A．why B．where C．that D．how17．It’ssupposedtobetheendofthepaperback(简装书)andthe__________ofdigitalmedia,butsomebookstoresaresurvivingtheInternetAgewithsurprisingsuccess.A．deadline B．dawnC．dusk D．departure18．ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?A．Wouldyoubesurprised B．WereyousurprisedC．Hadyoubeensurprised D．Wouldyouhavebeensurprised19．Hearingthenoiseoutside,Grannyaskedme

.A．whatishappening B．whatwashappeningC．whatitwashappening D．whatwasithappening20．Soonaftergettingoffhishorse,thecaptainappearedatthesecond-floorwindows,______hecouldseenothingbuttrees.A．where B．fromwhereC．which D．fromwhich第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Whenit'sfiveo'clock,peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday,formanyworkers,isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclockstellthemthey’redone.Thesedays,thetimeiseverywhere:notjustonclocksorwatches,butoncellphonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing,particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsthatclockbasedworkscheduleshindercreativity.Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample:ameetingfrom9a.m.to10a.m,researchfrom10a.mtonoon,etc.Ontheotherhand,task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist,eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.What,then,aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways?Doesonemakeusmoreproductive?Betteratthetasksathand?Happier?InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier,theyhadparticipantsorganizedifferentactivitiesfromprojectplanning,holidayshopping,toyogabytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder“clocktime”vs.“tasktime”.Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficient(有效率的)butlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative,butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening,andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinthebusinessculture.Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice,buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy:workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed,andbe,tosomeextent,clock-timers,task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It’llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetask-doerswillbehappier.1、Whatdoestheauthorsayaclock-basedwork?A．Itmakesworkersverytired.B．Itremindsworkerstoleaveontime.C．Itmakesworkersawareoftheprecioustime.D．Itmayhaveabadeffectonthecreativity.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hinder”inparagraph2mean?A．Block.B．Consider.C．Increase.D．Value.3、WhatdidTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellierfindintheirexperimentsaboutclock-timers?A．Theyseizeopportunitiesastheycomeup.B．Theyalwaysgettheirworkdoneintime.C．Theytendtobemoreproductive.D．Theycancontroltheirlives.4、Whatdotheresearcherssuggest?A．Task-basedtimingispreferredfordoingcreativework.B．Itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.C．Performingcreativejobstendstomakeworkershappier.D．Ascientificstandardshouldbeadoptedinjobevaluation.22．（8分）Thousandsoffree,popularchildren'sappsavailableontheGooglePlayStorecouldbeviolatingtheChildren'sOnlinePrivacyProtectionAct(COPPA),accordingtoanew,large­scalestudy,highlightinggrowingcriticismofSiliconValley'sdata­collectionefforts.“Thisisamarketfailure，”saidSergeEgelman,aco­authorofthestudy.“Whatwehaveuncoveredpointsoutbasicenforcement(执行)workthatneedstobedone.”Thepotentialviolationswereabundantandcameinseveralforms,accordingtothestudy.Morethan1，000children'sappscollectedidentifyinginformationfromkidsusingtrackingsoftwarewhosetermsexplicitlyforbidtheiruseforchildren'sapps.TheresearchersalsosaidnearlyhalftheappsfailtoalwaysusestandardsecuritymeasurestotransmitsensitivedataovertheWeb,suggestingaviolationofreasonabledata­securitymeasureslaidoutbyCOPPA．SomeoftheappsinquestionincludedDisney's“Where'sMyWater？”，Gameloft's“MinionRush”andDuolingo,alanguagelearningapp.ThefindingsalsosuggestedthatappcreatorsthathadbeenofficiallyrecognizedasCOPPA­compliant(遵守)werenobetterthananyoftheotherappdevelopersatprotectingchildren'sprivacy.Disneyarguedthatthestudydoesn'tclaimtoidentifyanyactualviolations.“Protectingchildren'sonlineprivacyisveryimportanttousandweareconfidentthatourpracticescomplywiththelaw，”thecompanysaid.“WehaveasoundCOPPAcomplianceprogram,andwemaintainstrictdatacollectionandusepoliciesforDisneyappscreatedforchildrenandfamilies.”Gameloftannouncedthatchildren'sprivacyisof“utmostimportance”andisinvestigatingtheissue.“Wehaveaverystrictdata­collectionpolicyatGameloftandalwaysmakesurethatwearecompliantwithprotectionlaws，”thecompanysaid.Duolingodidnotrespondtorequestsforcomment.AlthoughGooglestatedthat“Wearetakingtheresearcher'sreportveryseriouslyandlookingintotheirfindings”，criticsofGoogle'sappplatformsaythecompanyhasprofitedgreatlyfromadvancesindata­trackingtechnology.“Googlehasbasicallylookedtheotherwaywhileitwasabletogeneraterevenuesoffofchildren'sapps，”saidJeffreyChester,theexecutivedirectoroftheCenterforDigitalDemocracy.“Thenew,alarmingreportisfurtherevidencethatGoogleisthumbing_its_nose_attheonlyfederalonlineprivacylawthatwehave.”1、HowdidcompaniesrespondtotheaccusationofviolatingCOPPA?A．Disneyclaimedtostrictlyobeyprivacylaws.B．Gameloftquestionedthevalidityofthestudy.C．Duolingoplannedtoadoptstrictdata­collectionpolicies.D．Googleadmittedtothechargeandpromisedtodomore.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thumbingitsnoseat”probablymean?A．Observing.B．Disrespecting.C．Prohibiting.D．Introducing.3、Thepurposeofthepassageisto________．A．chargeappcompanieswiththeviolationofCOPPAB．informreadersofdifferentwaystoviolatechildprivacylawsC．illustratethegrowingcriticismofapp'sdata­collectionfunctionD．highlighttheurgencyofstrengtheningenforcementofCOPPA23．（8分）Asself-drivingcarscomeclosertobeingcommononAmericanroads，muchoftherhetoric（浮夸之词）promotingthemhastodowithsafety.About40，000peopledieonUSroadseveryyear，anddrivererrorsarelinkedtomorethan90percentofcrashes.Butmanyofthebiggestsupportersofautonomous（自动的）vehiclesaren'tcarcompanieslookingtoimprovethesafetyoftheirexistingproducts.Hugesupportforself-drivingtechnologiesiscomingfromSiliconValleygreatcompanieslikeGoogleandApple.Thoseofuswhohavestudiedtherelationshipbetweentechnologyandsocietytendtolookmorecarefullyatthereasonsbehindanytechnologicalpush.Inthiscase，it'sclearthatinadditiontosolvingsafetyconcerns，SiliconValleyfirmshaveastrongincentive（动机）tocreateanewplaceforincreasingtheuseoftheirdigitaldevices.Everyminutepeoplespendontheirmobilephonesprovidesdata—andoftenmoney—totechcompanies.Atpresent，digitaldevicesanddrivingareinconflict:Thereareserious，oftenfatalconsequenceswhendriversusesmartphonestotalkortotext.Regulators（管理者）andsafetysupporterslooktosolvedialconflictbybanningphoneusewhiledriving，ashashappenedinalmosteverystate.Butthetechcompaniesaretakingadifferentapproach.TheobviousanswerforSiliconValleyistocreateanautomobileinwhichcontinuouscellphoneusenolongercausesathreattoanyone.Inrecentyears,theamountoftimeadultsspendontheirmobiledeviceshasgrownrapidly.Atthemoment,it'saroundfourhoursadayfortheaverageadultintheUS.However,thatrapidgrowthislikelytoslowdownaspeoplerunoutoftimethat'savailableforthemuptousetheirdevices,unless,ofcourse,there'sanewblockoftimethatsuddenlyopensup.TheaverageAmericannowspendsabout48minutesinacareveryday,asizeableopportunityforincreasedcellphoneuse.Soasthepublicconversationaroundautonomouscarspaysattentiontothesafetyadvantages,don'tforgetthetechindustry'spowerfuldesireformoreprofits,whichgoeswellbeyondsimplysavingusfromourselves.1、WhoareresponsibleformosttrafficaccidentsinAmerica?A．Carcompanies. B．Drivers.C．Techcompanies. D．Self-drivingcars.2、WhatpushesSiliconValleytopromoteself-drivingtechnologies?A．Tomakemoremoney.B．Toreducetrafficaccidents.C．Tolimittheuseofdigitaldevices.D．Tosupportcarcompanies.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“anewblockoftime”possiblyreferto？A．Theworkingtime.B．People'ssparetime.C．Thetimespentinthecar.D．Thetimespentonmobiledevices.4、Whatcanweknowfromthepassage？A．Weshouldteachpeopletostrictlyobeytrafficrules.B．Thewritercallsonustolookatautonomouscarswisely.C．Carcompaniesaretheleadingpromotersofself-drivingcars.D．Nosolutiontotheconflictbetweenmobilephoneuseanddrivinghasbeenfoundyet.24．（8分）RulesAnymedia(paints,crayon,penciletc)maybeusedbutnocomputergeneratedpostersareallowed.Postersizemustbebetween18cm×25cmand50cm×65cm.Remember,largerpostershavemoreimpact!Acompletedentryformmustbeattachedtothebackoftheposter.Allpostersmustbecreatedbyanindividualstudentratherthanateamofstudents.The2019competitiontitle“Watersheds-OurWater,OurHome”mustappearontheposter.Noadulthelppermitted.POSTEREVALUATION:Conservationmessages(50%)Visualeffectiveness(30%)Originality(10%)Universal/Popularappeal(10%)PRIZES:Cashprizeswillbeawardedforfirst,secondandthirdplacewinnersineachofthefivecategories.Eachfirstplacepostergoestothenationalpostercompetition.WHOCANPARTICIPATE?Thepostercontestisopentoallstudentsingrades1to12.Studentsinpublicorprivateschoolscantakepart.Categories:Grades1-2,3-4,5-6,7-9,10-12.RESEARCHTHETOPIC：TheInternetandlibraryaregreatplacestovisittocomeupwithanideaforyourposter.Youcanalsovisittogetideasonwhatmakesagreatposterandviewpostersthathavepreviouslywon.Ifyourposterisinthetop3initscategoryandyouwouldliketoreceiveitback,pleasecall130-767-3070.1、Whatisthemainfunctionoftheparagraphunderthe“POSTERCONTEST”heading?A．Toannouncethestartofanewcompetition.B．Todescribethecompetition’stermsandprizes.C．Tostatewhoisentitledtotakepartinthecompetition.D．Toexplainwhythecompetition’sthemeisimportant.2、Whatisthemostimportantcriterionforjudgingtheposters?A．Theaudienceresponsetotheposter.B．Theeffectivenessofthemessage.C．Thegraphicsandcoloursused.D．Theoriginalityofthedesign.3、Howmanyprizeswillbeawardedintotal?A．3. B．5.C．15. D．20.25．（10分）ManythousandsofChinesearestudyingatschoolsintheUnitedStates.AndwriterLielLeibovitzsaysthestudentsarefollowinganexamplethatbeganintheeighteenseventies.Mr.LeibovitzandwriterMatthewMillerjoinedforcestotellthestoryofthestudentsintheirbook,“FortunateSons.”ThebooksaysChinasentonehundredandtwentyboysfrom1872to1875toAmericatolearnaboutdevelopmentsthatcouldhelpmodernizetheircountry.Mr.LeibovitzgottheideaforthebookabouttheboysafewyearsagowhenhewastravelingwithhiswifeinChina.Mr.LeibovitzlearnedthatQinggovernmentsentawholedelegation(代表团)ofboystolearnthewaysoftheWest.ThegoalwasforthemtoreturntoChinaandhelptheircountry.ThebooksaystheboysreceivedtheirAmericantraininginMassachusetts,NewYork,NewJerseyandConnecticut.Itmusthavebeenaverygoodeducation.Mr.LeibovitzsaysthefirstprimeministeroftheChineseRepubliccompletedthisprogram.Andsodidthefirstengineertobuildalarge-scalerailroadwithoutforeignhelp.ThesamewastrueofthefathersofChineseeducation,diplomacyandtheNavy.Thebook-writershadonlytoopensomeboxescontainingthewritingsofthesementolearnaboutthem.Theirnotebooks,Journals,lettersandpostcardswereinEnglish.Mr.Leibovitzsaidhewasluckytohavesomuchinformationfromeventsthattookplacelongago.ThestudentsreturnedtoChinaafteraboutnineyears.TheynolongerspokeMandarin(国语)wellenoughtoanswerquestions.Policewelcomedthemhomebyputtingtheminjail.Theyoungmenwerereleasedafteraboutaweek.Buttheyweregivenlow-leveljobs.MrLeibovitzsaysittookabouttenyearsforthemtorisetohigherpositions.HesaidtheirstorycontinuestodaywithlargenumbersofChinesestudyingintheUnitedStates.1、HowmanyexchangechildrendidQinggovernmentsendtoAmerica?A．1872. B．1875.C．120. D．210.2、QinggovernmentsenttheboystoAmericabecauseit.A．wantedthemtohelptheircountryB．lostthewarC．expectedthemtodestroythecultureoftheWestD．wantedtheWesterntohelptheboys3、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ManythousandsofChinesearestudyingatschoolsinAmerica.B．SomeoftheboysreceivedtheirAmericantraininginCalifornia.C．Policewelcomedtheboyshomebyputtingtheminjail.D．OneoftheboysbecamethefatherofChineseeducation.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）YearsagowhenmyhusbandandIweredatingIboughttwocoffeecups;thekindthathasyournameonitanda(n)1ofwhatyournamemeans.Peopleusedtomakefunofourcoffeecupsbutthat’sokay.Ididn’t2themtoimpressanyone.Wehavekeptthosecupsfor25years.Theyarecracked(有裂痕的),wornandnolonger3.In2008,Ihadalong4withbreastcancer-numeroussurgeries.Pretendingtobe5andunafraidImovedonwithasmile.Onlythose6tome,myfamily,reallyknewIwascrackingbeneaththe7.Onemorning,myhusbandDougpouredcoffeeintomy‘"Terri”cupasusual.Thecupcouldnolonger8theheat.Itfinallycracked.Thiswasa(n)9tome.Ilostit.Ibegantocry.“Doug,10Ibreak?Thismeanssomething!Iambroken!WhatifIcan’tbefixed?”Isaid.Hehuggedmeand11medown.Thenhequicklylefttheroomand12withsomeglue.Hetookthatcuptellingmehewasgoingto13itandthatnothingwasgoingtohappentome.Iwouldbe14andcancerwasnotgoingto“break”me.Dougfixedthatcupwithsuch15.Hedidthesametomewithhiscare.Thecupisnotthesameasitwasbeforebutitstillsitsinourcupboard.IamthesamebutIam16changed;alittlecrackedbutnotcompletely17.Iwillneverforgetthatdaymyhusband18tosavemyfavoritecoffeecup.Itwasaturning19forbothofus.AndthatcuplikeDougwillstaywithme20Ilive.1、A．descriptionB．assumptionC．preparationD．construction2、A．occupyB．purchaseC．interruptD．support3、A．attractiveB．specialC．usableD．typical4、A．connectionB．battleC．historyD．record5、A．seriousB．curiousC．nervousD．fearless6、A．closestB．friendlyC．gratefulD．similar7、A．mindB．surfaceC．skinD．expression8、A．adjustB．promoteC．takeD．preserve9、A．signB．attentionC．concernD．joke10、A．howcomeB．whataboutC．sowhatD．whatif11、A．putB．letC．setD．calmed12、A．sentoutB．foldedupC．returnedD．withdrew13、A．fixB．cleanC．decorateD．color14、A．protectedB．curedC．cherishedD．pursued15、A．tendencyB．preferenceC．determinationD．imagination16、A．nearlyB．slightlyC．hardlyD．partly17、A．brokenB．leftC．discoveredD．hit18、A．affordedB．arrangedC．expectedD．managed19、A．momentB．chanceC．pointD．page20、A．nowthatB．evenifC．inorderthatD．aslongas第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Somemisunderstandingisputtingsharkpopulationsatrisknow.Thousandsofsharksaredyingas1．resultofpeople'sfalsebeliefs.Femalesharksneedmalestomakebabies.Somefemalesharkshavetheabilitytoproduceababybythemselvesandhaveyoungsharks2．amaleshark.That'ssomething3．(common)seeninplantsandinsectslikeantsandbees.Sharkfinshavemedicalfunction.Traditionally,sharkfinsoup4．(believe)tohavehealthbenefitsandisquitespecialinChina.5．modernscientistspointoutthatsharktissue（组织）canbeextremelyhighinpoison.What'smore,sharkfishingkillsupto100millionanimalseachyear,6．(endanger)severaldifferentspecies.Ifyou'rebittenbyashark,youwillbeagoner.Youaremorethantwiceaslikely7．(die)fromalightningstrikeasfromasharkbite,accordingtotheFloridaMuseum'sInternationalSharkAttackFile(ISAF).“Evenifyouarebitten,thelarge8．(major)ofpeoplesurvive”,saysDr.Chapman.There9．(be)sixty-sixunprovoked（无端的）sharkbiteincidentsaroundtheworldin2018,onlysixof10．weredangerous,accordingtotheISAF.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastyear,whenIwastryingtodecideiftostudyoverseas,Italkedtomyfriend、ThiswasthebetterthingIcouldhavedone、ThiswasabigdecisionformebecauseIhadeverbeenoverseasonmyownandIwasnotsureifIcoulddoit、Shehadstudiedoverseaspreviousyear、Shetoldmeaboutthechallengesandoppo