新编大学英语（第四版）综合教程4（智慧版）课件 B4U1 Threads of the self：Reading 1

COLLEGEENGLISH新编大学英语第四版综合教程4UnitThreads

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self1NANJINGFORESTRYUNIVERSITYFOREIGNLANGUAGETEACHINGANDRESEARCHPRESSReading1目录contentsGet

readytoreadTextexploration

新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1ReadandpracticeReadandthink

Readandwrite

ReadandtranslateReading1目录contentsGet

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1ReadandpracticeReadandthinkReadandwrite

ReadandtranslateTextexplorationReading1Get

readytoreadScantheQRcodeandrateeachstatementinthequestionnairebasedonyourpersonalexperience:1=StronglyDisagree,2=Disagree,3=Neutral,4=Agree,5=StronglyAgree.新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1IdentifyyourcognitivestyleReading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1QUESTIONNAIREItelljokesandstoriesbetterthanmostpeople.IfIwereaskedtochoosebetweenengineeringandvisualarts,Iwouldpreferengineering.Myimagesareveryvividandphotographic.123Myverbalabilitieswouldmakeacareerinlanguageartsrelativelyeasyforme.4Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Ipreferschematicdiagrams(原理图)andsketcheswhenreadingatextbookinsteadofcolorfulandpictorialillustrations.Whenreadingfiction,Iusuallyformaclearanddetailedmentalpictureofascenethathasbeendescribed.56Whenexplainingsomething,Iwouldrathergiveverbalexplanationsthanmakedrawingsorsketches.Icaneasilyimagineandmentallyrotatethree-dimensionalgeometricfigures(几何图形

).78Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1IcanclosemyeyesandeasilypictureascenethatIhaveexperienced.9Ienjoyrephrasingmythoughtsinmanywaysforvariety’ssakeinbothwritingandspeaking.Ihaveexcellentabilitiesintechnicalgraphics.1011Icaneasilyrememberagreatdealofvisualdetailsthatsomeoneelsemightnevernotice.12Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Calculateyourscoresforstatementsinyellow-shaded,blue-shadedandgreen-shadedrowsrespectively.Decidewhichtypeofthinkeryouare.IdentifyyourcognitivestyleAverbalthinker(ifthetotalscorefromyellow-coloredrowsexceeds16);Aspatialvisualizer(ifthetotalscorefromblue-coloredrowsexceeds16);Anobjectvisualizer(ifthetotalscorefromgreen-coloredrowsexceeds16);Ablendedthinker(ifthetotalscoreforeachofatleasttwoofthecoloredsectionsexceeds13).Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Doyouagreewiththeresult?Usespecificexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Workingroupsanddiscussthequestions.ShareanddiscussDoyouknowanyfriendswhousuallythinkinadifferentwayfromyou?Tellyourgrouphowyouandyourfriendaredifferentinthinkingandwhetherthisgivesrisetoaflashofinspirationoraclashofminds.Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit11.•Myscoresfromyellow-coloredrowsaddupto20.IagreewiththeresultthatI’maverbalthinkerbecauseIalwayspreferdiscussingideasaloudtomapoutmythoughts.EvenwhenI’mworkingonadifficultmathematicalproblemalone,Ifindthatthinkingoutloudcouldhelpmefigureoutthekeypointsandorganizemyideas.Therefore,IbelieveI’maverbalthinker.

•Myscoresfromgreen-coloredrowstotal16andthosefromyellow-coloredrows14.Basedonthecriteria,Iwouldbeconsideredablendthinker.But,whenreadinganovel,Ionlyliketoimaginescenesandrelyonimagerytoproducelivelythinking.Therefore,Idon’tagreewiththeresult.Sampleanswers:Reading1Get

readytoread新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1

2. IbelieveI’maspatialvisualizer,andIhaveagoodfriendwhoIthinkisaverbalthinker.Wearequitedifferentinourwaysofthinking.Ilikereadingmanuals,diagrams,andsketchesthatdisplaytheworkingprinciplesofmodels.Ialsoliketospendtimeobservingandfindingpatternsthatcanapplytosimilarmodelsorsituations.Butmyfriendpreferswordstopictures.Shesaysthebestwayforhertoclarifyherideasistotalktoothers,sometimeseventoherself.Shebelievesdiscussionoftenleadstonewperspectives.WecanworktogetherverywellasherthoughtsareoftenputinwordsabundantwithdetailsandIcanhittheessenceofproblemsbyquicklydistillingthemostfundamentalelementsorpatterns.Weareaperfectmatch.Reading1目录contentsGet

readytoreadTextexploration

新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1ReadandpracticeReadandthinkReadandwrite

ReadandtranslateReading1TextexplorationPre-readingquestionsStructure

VocabularyBackgroundinformationTextreading新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingVocabularyPre-readingquestionsStructure新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1TextexplorationInthistext,theauthorusestheexampleofTempleGrandintopresentsthediversityofthinkingstyles.新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Backgroundinformation

TempleGrandin,aprofessorofAnimalScienceatColoradoStateUniversity,isaprominentauthorandspeakeronbothautismandanimalbehavior.Shealsohasasuccessfulcareerconsultingonbothlivestockhandlingequipmentdesignandanimalwelfare.Dr.Grandinwasdiagnosedwithautismatagetwoandhaslivedaverychallengingandadventurouslife.Reading1TextexplorationTextreadingVocabularyBackgroundinformationStructurePre-readingquestions新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1TextexplorationThoughtpatternshaveatendencytoaffectaperson’smood,relationshipsandexperience.Negativepatternsofthought,inparticular,arebelievedtobedamagingtoaperson’squalityoflife.Whatcanyoudotobreaknegativepatternsofthought?新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Pre-readingquestionsReading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1①

Scheduleyournegativethinking.Deliberatelysettingasidetimeinyourdaytohavenegativethoughtsmayseemcounterproductive,butdoingitinastructured,routinewayallowsyoutocompartmentalizeyournegativefeelingsratherthanwallowinthem.Keepanegativethoughtjournalandgiveyourselfa10-or-15minuteblockeachdaytosimplyfeelthosefeelings.Sampleanswer：②Letgo.Ifyou’restuckinsideanegativethought,knowthatyouhavetwooptions:A.Youcontinueandletitdestroyyou;B.Youletgoandmoveon.Trytochoosethelatter,andyouwillfeelmuchbetter.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1③Thinkaboutthingsbasedonthe“gainframe”.Sampleanswer：Thesameglass,thesayinggoes,canbeseenashalf-fullorhalf-empty.Ifyoudescribetheglassashalf-full,thisiscalledthegainframebecauseyou’refocusingonwhat’sgained,thenpeoplelikeit.Butifyoudescribethesameglassashalf-empty,alossframe,thenpeopledon’tlikeit.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1④Replacethenegativethoughtswithpositiveones.Replacingnegativethoughtsisahabitthatrequirespracticeandrepetitionforsuccess.Youmustlearntoidentifywhennegativethoughtpatternsbegin,disruptthemandreplacethemwithapleasantorproductivethoughtthatyou’vechosenaheadoftimeandhaveinmind.Sampleanswer：⑤

Spendsometimetalkingaboutsomethinginterestingandwhatyouaregratefulforeveryday.Maybesomewhereinthetellingyouwillsmile.Reading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationTextreadingPre-readingquestionsStructureVocabulary新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1Topic:ThediversityofhumancognitionThreetypesofthoughtstylesbyGrandin(Paras.4~8)FiveformsofinnerthoughtsbyHurlburt(Paras.9~10)

Acase:thedifferencesbetweenGrandin’sandmythoughtstyles(Paras.1~3)TextexplorationImplicationsofcognitivediversity(Para.11)StructureTextexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1Acase:thedifferencesbetweenGrandin’sandmythoughtstyles(Paras.1~3)Formostofthetime,1)__________________prevailinmymind,withalmostnovisualimagespresent.Grandin’smindisfilledwith2)________________whichcanbeprocessedindifferentmanners.Shecaneasilyaccess3)____________________withthree-dimensionalimages.silenceandblanknessdetailedimagesclearpictorialmemoriesStructureVerbalthinkersrelymuchonaneuralsystemcalled6)___________________.Consistingofan“innerear”andan“innervoice,”thissystemistheessentialcenterof7)_____________________verbalinformation.Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1ThreetypesofthoughtstylesbyGrandin(Paras.4~8)Objectvisualizersmakeconclusionsbasedonconcrete,4)___________________________.Spatialvisualizersmakesenseoftheworldintermsof5)___________________________.photograph-likementalimagesvisualpatternsandabstractionsthephonologicalloopprocessingandstoringStructureTextexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1StructureReading1ThreetypesofthoughtstylesbyGrandin(Paras.4~8)Someexamplesoftwokindsofvisualthinkers(Para.6)TwokindsofvisualthinkersExamples:ObjectvisualizersExamples:SpatialvisualizersartistsmechanicsartisanselectricalengineersmathematiciansscientistsTextexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading112

akindofmemoryscratchpadPsychologistsfindthatthephonologicalloopisusedforallkindsofthings.

(Para.8)

atoolforself-managementExamplesYoungchildrenlearntodirecttheirbehaviorandemotionsbytalkingtothemselves,atfirstoutloudandthensilently,oftenchannelingtheirparents.Weuseourinnervoicestomonitorourprogresstowardourgoals.StructureTextexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1FiveformsofinnerthoughtsbyHurlburt(Paras.9~10)Ratherthanfallinginto8)______________,wealluseamixofvariousformsofinnerthoughts:innerspeech,innerseeing,emotions,sensoryawareness,and9)_____________________.neatcategoriesunsymbolizedthinkingImplicationsofcognitivediversity(Para.11)Cognitivediversityshouldbe10)______________________,asitfostersinnovativesolutionsandeffectivecollaboration,andenhances11)_________________.celebratedandembracedcollectivewisdomStructureReading1TextexplorationBackgroundinformationPre-readingquestionsVocabulary

StructureTextreading新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit11.IwasnineteenwhenIrealizedIwas“empty-headed.”InacollegeEnglishclass,IraisedmyhandtosaysomethingandsuddenlyrealizedthatIhadnoideawhatIhadplannedtosay.Foramoment,Ipanicked.Thentheteachercalledonme,Iopenedmymouth,andwordsemerged.Wherehadtheycomefrom?Embracingcognitive

diversityReading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit12.Ispendalotoftimethoughtless,justlivinglifeinthemoment.Atthesametime,wheneverIspeak,ideascondenseoutofthementalcloud.Ioftenarticulatethoughtsthatwereunspecifiedyetpresentinmymind.Occasionally,Italktomyselfinaninnermonolog,butonthewhole,silencereigns.Blankness,too:Iseehardlyanyvisualimages,andrarelypicturethings,people,orplaces.Ineedtotalkoutloudinordertocompletemostofmythoughts,andifnointerlocutorisavailable,Iwrite.Whenthatfails,Ipacemyemptyhouse,muttering.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences•Sentencestructure:Hereinthesentence,theauthorusesthemetaphorof“mentalcloud”torepresentthestateofhavingvagueorunclearthoughtsinmind.Whenhespeaks,hisideas“condenseout,”whichmeansthatthementalfogclearsupandmoretangibleideastakeform.Thismetaphoricaluseoflanguagedescribestheauthor’sthoughtprocessinavividandexpressivemanner.1.Atthesametime,wheneverIspeak,ideascondenseoutofthementalcloud.(Para.2)Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit11.Atthesametime,wheneverIspeak,ideascondenseoutofthementalcloud.(Para.2)Textexploration•Paraphrase:Atthesametime,wheneverIstarttalking,Ifindmyideasbecomeclearer.•Translation:但与此同时，每当我开口说话，就会有一些想法从脑海的迷雾中凝结成句。Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences•Sentencestructure:Thesentence“Blankness,too…”usesanellipsis.Ellipsisistheomissionofawordorwordsforavoidingrepetitionandachievingtextualcohesion.Thecompletestructureis“Blanknessreignstoo(inmymind).”2.Occasionally,Italktomyselfinaninnermonolog,butonthewhole,silencereigns.Blankness,too:Iseehardlyanyvisualimages,andrarelypicturethings,people,orplaces.(Para.2)Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Practice:TrytofigureouttheellipsisinthefollowingsentencesandtranslatethesentencesintoChinese.有一种盛行的观点认为，成功是一种神话，因此抱负亦属虚幻。Thereisastrongviewthatholdsthatsuccessisamyth,andambitionthereforeasham.Thereisastrongviewthatholdsthatsuccessisamyth,andambitiontherefore(is)asham.Ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe!Ifyoudon’tfeelhappy,pretendtobe(happy)!

如果你不快乐，就假装你很快乐！Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration我们都读过震撼人心的故事，故事中的主人公只能再活一段很有限的时光，有时长达一年，有时却短至一日。但我们总是想要知道，这个即将离开人世的人是决定怎样度过他最后的日子的。Allofushavereadthrillingstoriesinwhichtheherohadonlyalimitedandspecifiedtimetolive.Sometimesitwasaslongasayear,sometimesasshortastwenty-fourhours.Butalwayswewereinterestedindiscoveringjusthowthedoomedmanchosetospendhislastdaysorhislasthours.…Sometimesitwasaslongasayear,sometimes(itwas)asshortastwenty-fourhours…Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辨。Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtle;naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Historiesmakemenwise;poets(makemen)witty;themathematics(makesmen)subtle;naturalphilosophy(makesmen)deep;moral(makesmen)grave;logicandrhetoric(makemen)abletocontend.─王佐良译FrancisBaconReading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Paraphrase:Sometimes,Ihaveconversationswithmyselfinmymind,butmostofthetime,thereisonlysilence.There’salsoalackofmentalimagesinmyhead—Ihardlyseeanymentalpictures,nordoIimaginethings,people,orplacesinmymind.•Translation:偶尔，我也会在内心独自言语，但大多时候都以沉默为主。大脑也近乎空白：我几乎在脑中看不到任何视觉图像，也很少在大脑里描绘事物、人物或地点。2.Occasionally,Italktomyselfinaninnermonolog,butonthewhole,silencereigns.Blankness,too:Iseehardlyanyvisualimages,andrarelypicturethings,people,orplaces.(Para.2)Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences3.Whenthatfails,Ipacemyemptyhouse,muttering.(Para.2)•Paraphrase:Ifwritingdoesn’twork,Iwalkupanddowninmyemptyhouse,speakingtomyselfinaquietvoice.•Translation:如果写也不行，我会在空荡荡的房子里踱来踱去，喃喃自语。Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Words:Inthissentencetheword“pace”isusedasaverb

whichmeans“towalkupanddowninasmallareamanytimes,especiallybecauseyouarefeelingnervousorangry”.3.Whenthatfails,Ipacemyemptyhouse,muttering.(Para.2)Theword“pace”canalsobeusedasanoun.Thefollowingaresomeidiomsof“pace”:Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationIdiomsof“pace”:•gothroughone’spaces:toperformaparticularactivityinordertoshowotherpeoplewhatyouarecapableofdoing•keeppace(withsb./sth.):tomove,increase,change,etc.atthesamespeedassb./sth.•setthepace:ifacompanysetsthepace,itdoessomethingbeforeitscompetitorsortoabetterstandard•atasnail’space:extremelyslowlyReading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Practice:Fillintheblankswiththeidioms“gothroughone’spaces”,“keeppace(withsb./sth.)”,“setthepace”or“atasnail’space”.Changetheformifnecessary.Thecompanyisnolonger________________inelectronicengineering.Trafficwasmoving_______________.Thesupplyofmaterialscannot_______________demand.Dancers_______________________inascenefromtheRiverdanceshowinTaiyuan,NorthChina'sShanxiprovince.settingthepaceatasnail’spacekeeppacewithwentthroughtheirpacesReading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit13.I’mscarcelyaloneinhavingamental“style.”Asksomeonehowtheythinkandyoumightlearnthattheytalktothemselvessilently,cogitatevisually,ormovethroughmentalspacebytraversingphysicalspace.AmericanscholarTempleGrandindescribeshermindasbeingfilledwithdetailedimages,whichshecanjuxtapose,combine,andrevisewithverveandprecision.Mymentalsnapshotsofgrowingupareflimsy,whileGrandineasilyaccessesclearpictorialmemoriesofherchildhood,completewiththree-dimensionalpicturesandvideos.Shevividlyrecallscoastingdownsnow-coveredhillsontoboggans,andcanevenfeeltheliftanddipofthesledasitbumpsdowntheslope.IfhermindisanIMAXtheater,mineisafaxmachine.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences4.Asksomeonehowtheythinkandyoumightlearnthattheytalktothemselvessilently,cogitatevisually,ormovethroughmentalspacebytraversingphysicalspace.(Para.3)•Paraphrase:•Translation:如果你问问别人他们是如何思考的，可能会发现，他们有的会在心里默默自语，有的思考时脑中会浮现画面，也有的喜欢思考时来回走动。Ifyouaskpeoplehowtheythink,youmightdiscoverthatsomepeoplehavementaltalkwhilethinking,somethinkintermsofvisualimagesintheirmind,orsomenavigatetheirthoughtswhilemovingaroundphysically.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences5.IfhermindisanIMAXtheater,mineisafaxmachine.(Para.3)•Sentenceimplication:•Translation:如果说她的大脑是个巨幕影院，那么我的大脑就只是一台传真机而已。Grandin’smemoryfeaturesfineandvividpictorialdetails,whilemymemorysimplypresentsplaininformation.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationNextlet’swatchasmallvideoabouthowTempleGrandindefinesherownthinkingstyleinaTEDtalk.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit14.Grandin’sprecisedescriptionsofwhat’shappeninginherhead,withstrikingconcreteness,accentuatedifferencesbetweenminds.Howdifferentdoourmindsreallymakeus?Andwhatshouldwemakeofourdifferences?5.Inherworks,Grandinidentifiedacontinuumofthoughtstylesthatisroughlydivisibleintothreesections.Ononeendareverbalthinkers,whooftensolveproblemsbytalkingaboutthemintheirheadsor,moregenerally,byproceedinginthelinear,representationalfashiontypicaloflanguage.

Ontheotherendofthecontinuumareobjectvisualizers:Theycometoconclusionsthroughtheuseofconcrete,photograph-likementalimages.Inbetweenthosepolesisasecondgroupofvisualthinkers—spatialvisualizers,whoseemtocombinelanguageandimage,thinkingintermsofvisualpatternsandabstractions.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration6.Ononeendareverbalthinkers,whooftensolveproblemsbytalkingaboutthemintheirheadsor,moregenerally,byproceedinginthelinear,representationalfashiontypicaloflanguage.(Para.5)•Sentencestructure:Thissentenceisininvertedorder.Thesubject“verbalthinkers”isputafterthepredicate“are”,thusclosertotheattributiveclause“whooftensolveproblems…”fullinversionReading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Practice:Rewritethefollowingsentencesbyusingthegrammarofinversion.Awoundedsoldierwaslyingunderthetree.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.Onthefloorwerepilesofoldbooks,magazinesandnewspapers.Pilesofoldbooks,magazinesandnewspaperswereonthefloor.Anoldtemplestandsonthetopofthehill.Onthetopofthehillstandsanoldtemple.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences6.Ononeendareverbalthinkers,whooftensolveproblemsbytalkingaboutthemintheirheadsor,moregenerally,byproceedinginthelinear,representationalfashiontypicaloflanguage.(Para.5)•Paraphrase:•Translation:连续体的一端是语言思维者，他们通常在头脑中用语言探讨问题，以此来解决问题，或者说，他们总体上是通过典型的语言线性表征加工来解决问题。Verbalthinkers,ononeendofthescale,oftensolveproblemsbyinternallydiscussingthemintheirheadsorprogressinginastraight-ahead,step-by-stepwaythat’sjustlikehowweusewords.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit16.Theideathattherearetwokindsofvisualthinkershelpsmakesenseofdifferencesbetweenlike-mindedpeople.Ittakesvisualskilltoengineeramachineandtorepairit;theengineerandthemechanicarebothvisualthinkers,andyettheydiffer.Anengineerislikelytobeaspatialvisualizerwhocanpicture,intheabstract,howallthepartsoftheenginewillwork,whilethemechanicislikelytobeanobjectvisualizer,whocanataglanceunderstandwhetheradingonanenginecylinderisfunctionallyconsequentialorjustcosmetic.Artistsandartisanstendtobeobjectvisualizers:Theycanpictureexactlyhowthispaintingshouldlook,orhowthatincisionshouldbesewnup.Scientists,mathematicians,andelectricalengineerstendtobespatialvisualizers:Theycanimagine,ingeneral,howgearswillmeshandmoleculeswillinteract.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences7.Anengineerislikelytobeaspatialvisualizerwhocanpicture,intheabstract,howallthepartsoftheenginewillwork,whilethemechanicislikelytobeanobjectvisualizer,whocanataglanceunderstandwhetheradingonanenginecylinderisfunctionallyconsequentialorjustcosmetic.(Para.6)•Paraphrase:Anengineermaybeaspatialvisualizerwhocanimaginehowallenginepartswillfunctioninageneralmanner,whileamechanicmightbeanobjectvisualizerwhocanquicklydeterminewhetherasmalldentfoundonanenginecylinderisasevereproblemornot.Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration7.Anengineerislikelytobeaspatialvisualizerwhocanpicture,intheabstract,howallthepartsoftheenginewillwork,whilethemechanicislikelytobeanobjectvisualizer,whocanataglanceunderstandwhetheradingonanenginecylinderisfunctionallyconsequentialorjustcosmetic.(Para.6)•Translation:工程师很可能是空间视觉思维者，他能在脑海中以抽象的方式想象发动机的所有部件如何工作；而机械师很可能是物体视觉思维者，他一眼就能看出发动机汽缸上的凹痕会对发动机功能产生重要影响，还是无关紧要的表面擦伤。Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Phrases:intheabstract

inageneralwayratherthanbeingbasedonspecificdetailsandexamples抽象地；概括地；从理论上说e.g.Idon’tthinkthatyoucanbeaheadofyourtimeifyoujustconsiderproductsoramarketintheabstract.•Practice:抽象地谈论犯罪根本不够，因为犯罪活动影响的是人们的真实生活。Talkingaboutcrimeintheabstractjustisn'tenough,sincecriminalactivitiesaffectpeople’sreallife.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit17.Forverbalthinkers,researchershaveproposedtheexistenceofaneuralsystemcalledthephonologicalloop.Thissystemessentiallyactsasahubforprocessingandstoringverbalinformationthatweencounterinoursurroundings.Itincludesan“innerear”thatprocessesspokenwordsandan“innervoice”thatallowsustosilentlyrepeatandmanipulatethosewordsinourminds.Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit18.Psychologistsfindthatthephonologicalloopisusedforallkindsofthings.Theloopisakindofmemoryscratchpad;it’swherewestoreaphonenumberbeforewewriteitdown.It’salsoatoolforself-management.Youngchildrenlearntodirecttheirbehaviorandemotionsbytalkingtothemselves,atfirstoutloudandthensilently,oftenchannelingtheirparents.(“Don’tbreakit,Peter!”myfour-year-oldsonsaidrecently,ashetriedtopiecetogetherjigsawpuzzles.)Weuseourinnervoicestomonitorourprogresstowardourgoals.“Comeon,”wemighttellourselves,whiletryingtounstickakitchendrawer.“Youcandoit!Also—rememberthatdoctor’sappointment.Now,backtothedrawer!”Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1TextexplorationTextreading-Keysentences8.“Comeon,”wemighttellourselves,whiletryingtounstickakitchendrawer.“Youcandoit!Also—rememberthatdoctor’sappointment.Now,backtothedrawer!”(Para.8)•Sentenceimplication:Heretheauthorwantstoexemplifyhowwemayuseourinnertalktomonitorourprogressinatask,includingencouragingourselveswithwordssuchas“comeon”,andconcentratingourattentiononourtaskwithwordssuchas“backtothedrawer.”•Translation:在试图打开卡住的厨房抽屉时，我们可能会告诉自己：“加油！你能做好！还有，别忘了和医生的预约。现在，集中精神开抽屉！”Reading1新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit1Textexploration•Wordbuilding:Inthissentence,theword“unstick”iscomprisedoftheprefix“un-”

andtheroot“stick”.Hereitmeanstoopenakitchendrawerthatisstuckinthecabinetforsomereason.•Practice:Translatethefollowingwordswiththeprefix“un-”intoChinese.unlock•Theprefix“un-”canbeaddedtosomeverbstohavetheoppositemeaning.uncover•unlearn•unload•unfold•unwrap•揭示;(用钥匙)开锁揭开盖子；发现设法忘记（或忽略）卸载；取下(使)展开解开（拆开)…的包装Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit19.Thinkinginpictures,thinkinginpatterns,thinkinginwords—thesearequitedifferentexperiences.Butdothinkersfallintosuchneatcategories?RussellT.Hurlburt,aprofessorattheUniversityofNevada,LasVegas,concludedthat,broadlyspeaking,innerthoughtscomeinfiveforms,whicheachofusmixesindifferentproportions.Somethoughtsarerenderedin“innerspeech,”andothersappearthrough“innerseeing”;somemakethemselvesfeltthroughemotions,whileothersmanifestasakindof“sensoryawareness.”Finally,somepeoplemakeuseof“unsymbolizedthinking.”Theyoftenhave“anexplicit,differentiatedthoughtthatdoesnotincludetheexperienceofwords,images,oranyothersymbols.”Reading1Textexploration新编大学英语（第四版）

综合教程Unit110.Readingthisdescriptionafewyearsago,IfeltatlastthatIhadatermthatdescri