专题02 常考语法考前巩固(语法填空易错精练100题)(学生版)

专题02常考语法考前巩固(语法填空考前精炼100题)(新高考专用)01语法填空常考语法一.有提示类:1、动词(1)谓语动词一般考查1-2个，考生需要根据句子结构判断是否缺谓语动词。一旦确定句子缺少谓语动词，需要从3个方面考虑：时态、语态、主谓一致。确定时态要先观察本句中有无时间状语，不同的时间状语对应不同的时态。没有时间状语的，根据上下文中的时态确定空格的时态，常考查的时态有一般过去时和现在完成时。确定好时态后要考虑语态，也就是谓语动词与主语之间的关系，是主动还是被动。确定时态语态之后，还需考虑主谓一致的问题，即根据主语的单复数形式确定谓语动词的形式。(2)非谓语动词一般考查2个左右，这是语法填空中的一大难点。首先，要先观察设空句的主句和从句中有没有谓语动词来判断是否选用非谓语动词；其次要根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等)明确合适的非谓语动词形式(不定式、V-ing形式、过去分词)。总之，可以把握一个总体方向，即V-ing形式往往表主动或动作进行，过去分词一般表示被动或完成，不定式一般作目的状语或后置定语。2、形容词、副词命题主要围绕两点：一是形容词、副词的比较级与最高级；二是构词，如形容词变副词、动词变形容词、名词变形容词等词性转换和un,dis,in,im,ir,il等否定前缀。3、名词除动词变名词的词性转换外，名词主要考查单复数和所有格的变化。4、代词考查代词时有时会给出提示词，这种情况多考查人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)以及反身代词。二.无提示类:1、介词对于介词的考查以介词与动词、形容词或名词的固定搭配为主，考生平时一定要注重阅读积累，培养做题语感。2、冠词冠词的用法主要和名词连在一起，根据上下文进行判断是用定冠词还是不定冠词，还要注意首字母是元音音素还是辅音音素，如anhour/anhonor/anhonestman/auniquebuilding。考生也要积累一些含有冠词的固定搭配，如allofasudden,inahurry,takeaninterestin,haveagoodunderstandingof等。3、代词考查代词时如无提示词，则重点考查代词it，it可代指前文提到的单数名词或不可数名词，也可作形式主语或形式宾语，还有一些固定结构，如takeitseriously,takeitforgrantedthat...,whenitcomesto...等。4、连词连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要分为两大类，即并列句和复合句，这也是做连词题的关键。并列句是用并列连词将两个或两个以上的简单句串联构成的长句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常考查的并列连词包括表转折的连词but,while,yet；表并列的连词and,or；表因果的连词because,so等。主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。复合句的考查主要包括定语从句的关系词(关系代词、关系副词)、名词性从句的连接词(从属连词、连接代词、连接副词)和各类状语从句的连接词。因此，考生务必要掌握三大从句的基本规则，做题时先判断从句类型，再分析从句成分，根据句意选择恰当的关系词或连接词。02单句语法填空易错精练1.Thecountrywillcarryoutthreemoremissions-thelaunchoftheTianzhou-5cargocraftandtheShenzhou-15crewedspaceship,aswellasbringingtheShenzhou-14crewbacktoEarth-beforeit_______(complete)thein-orbitconstructionofthespacestationbytheendofthisyear.2.TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeople_______(suffer)fromindoorairpollutionatthepresenttime,whichresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook­stovesathome.3.Though_______(major)inengineering,theladymadeeveryefforttolearncalligraphywhich_______(regard)asanartform.4.Don’tcallMr.Wangatninetomorrow.He_______(listen)toalectureonthereformofthecollegeentranceexamination.5.Knownasroujiamo,whichtranslatesto“meatburger”or“meatsandwich”,theyconsistofchoppedmeatinsideapita-likebun(小圆面包),andthey_______(be)aroundsincetheQindynasty,fromabout221BCto207BC.6.(2024高三下·全国·专题练习)SinceZhangjiajie_______(improve)itstransportationandserviceforlong,thecitynowcanreceive36,200touristsperday.7.Itisoftenrecommendedthatchildren_______(offer)chancestogetclosetonature.8.GreatExpectations_______(sell)well,butnotallbooks_______(sell)outyet.9.--WhatdoyouthinkofmynewT-shirt?--Iamsureit_______(wear)verywellandkeepsitsshape.10.Hisadmissionthathe_______(blame)kepttheothersfrombeingpunished.11.ThisfilmaboutsavingtheEarthisindeedworth_______(see).12.Ihaveseveralquestions_______(discuss)withyou.13.Wehavefourreadingpassages_______(complete)inthecomingholiday.14.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms_______(send)backasearlyaspossible.15.It’sourdesirethatyou_______(provide)somemoneytofundourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.16.Obviously,itishightimethatwe_______(take)effectivemeasurestotackletheproblem.17.Itisurgedbyuniversitystudentsthatthelibrary_______(keep)openduringthevacation.18.HecanspeakEnglishveryfluentlyasifhe_______(be)anativeEnglishman,soyoucantalktohimfreely.19.Childhoodmemoriescamebacktomesoclearly,asiftheevents_______(happen)onlyyesterday.20.Thedisheartenedgirllistenedasifshe_______(turn)intoastone.21.Newtechnologicalinventionsbegintoplay_______essentialrole,forexample,therobotcanhelpuscleanupandfinishmuchhousework.22.Therefore,itishightimethatwe_______(take)effectivemeasurestoimprovethecurrentsituation.23.It'shightimethatwe_______(apply)ourselvestothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.24.TheAntarcticaissomysteriouslydescribedbysomepeople.IfonlyI_______(be)therebefore!25.Keepinmind_______bodylanguageplaysahugerole_______communicationbecauseitaccountsforover50percentofcommunication.26.IhavesentMissGreenaninvitationtoourparty,butIdon’thavetheslightestidea_______shewillacceptit.27.Gettingupearlyalsorelievesstressandtensionbecauseitgivesyouthetimetosqueezeinaworkoutbeforeyougetdistracted(分神).Thisis_______morningpeopletendtobehealthierandhappier.28.Additionally,youshouldnotignoretheotherperson’sbodylanguage,whichwillgiveyoucluesasto_______theconversationisgoingwellornot.29.Theexcessiveuseofhightechnologycanalsomakeourlifepassive,_______willmakethemajorityofusbecomelazier,andweareunwillingtoexploremindsanylonger.30.ZhongWen’an,chiefengineerattheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,saidtheyhadcompletedthemostextensiverehearsalbeforelaunch,_______isalsothefinaljointrehearsal.31.TaiChiisa“soft”martialart(武术),_______meansitisslowandcalm.32.Themeatfillingmightconsistofchoppedpork,beeforchicken_______hasbeencookedwithavarietyofspices.33._______isseenfromthepicture,astudentisoverloadedwithpilesofhomeworkandendlessafter­schooltraining,makinghimbreathless.34.Tom'slovefortheChinesebambooflutestartedinelementaryschool,_______clearsoundguidedhimontotheroadofflutelearning.35.HuaMulan,thestoryof_______hasbeentoldbygenerationsinChina,isafighterfromtheNorthernWeiDynasty(386-534).36.Tobecomeanartistorexpertincalligraphy,onehastopracticewordbywordandstrokebystroke_______thespiritofthepracticegetsintoone’smind.37.Aftersix-and-a-halfyearsandover32,000kilometers,Maxwell’swalkended_______itbegan.38.Thiscomesasnosurprise,_______(give)thatEnglishhasborrowedwordsfrommorethan300differentlanguages,includingLatin,Greek,FrenchandChinese.39.Involvingthekidsinplanningthevacationmakessurethattheyhaveagreatvacationtoo.Iprefertovisithistoricalsitesandmuseumswhiletheylovetofishandswim.SoIbuildinsomerelaxationtimeforusall_______thevacationcanworkforeveryone.40.Calligraphyissoabstractandamazing_______inChinesecultureitisuniversallyregardedasthemostinspiringpowerofaperson.41.“Itishardforthechildrentokeeptheirattentionfocusedontheirstudieswithallthenoise,andtheparentswillneverbeabletoconcentrateontheirbusiness_______theyhavetolookaftertheirchildren,”shesaid.42.Herealizedthatitwasimportanttodoallthathewantedtodowithoutpostponingthem,_______itwasfixingafriendshipthathadproblemsorgoingonanadventurousvacation.43.IfIchosetoremainsilentwhenmyparentswerecriticizingme,theywouldgetangrierbecauseIwasacting_______Ihadintendedtobedisrespectful.44.DoforeignersnotunderstandBritishhumororaretheBritishjustnotsofunny_______theythinktheyare?45.Itwasn’tinventedintheUnitedStates,nor_______(do)itoriginateinGermany.ItreallycomesfromChina.46.When_______(speak)byastranger,theycanfunctionasa_______(mean)ofattractingyourattention.47.Whyisit_______somepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?48.NosoonerhadIbeguntounderstandhowBritishpeoplecommunicate_______itwastimetoheadbackhome.49._______existedanobviousconflictbetweentheaccountsofthewitnesses,soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.50.Whatisamazingabouttheseearthbuildings_______(be)thefactthatsomeofthemareover700yearsold,survivingthroughnaturalelements,includingearthquakes.03短篇语法填空模拟演练Passage1(2024届江苏省苏锡常镇四市高三下学期二模英语试题)Chinahasnearly5,000yearsof___1___(record)history.However,thehistoryofChinesefurnitureisevenlongerthan___2___ofitswriting,whichcanbetracedbacktotheHemuduCulturemorethan7,000yearsago.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,mostofthefurniturewashand-madeusinghigh-qualityhardwood___3___rawmaterials,whicharenowrareandexpensive.Ordinarypeopleoftenusewoodsuchaspine,elm,andbeech,butthequalitybetweenthewoods___4___(different)greatly.Classicalfurnitureismostlymadebyhand.Modernmachinescannot___5___(complete)replacehandwork.Theshapescarvedbythemachineareneatbutthelinesarerigidandlackingvitality.ThemostdelicateaspectofChineseclassicalfurnitureisthestructuralpartofthefurniture-mountains-and-treetops(榫卯)work.Combiningpiecesofwoodtogether,___6___(use)nothingmorethanthewooditself,isabasicskillofallcarpenters(木匠)inancientChina.ItwasfirstdiscoveredinthewoodenstructureoftheHemudusite___7___theancestorslivedmorethan7,000yearsago.ThisstructureisthewisdomoftheChineseworkingpeopleandfullyrepresentsthe___8___(create)andartistry(艺术性)ofhumanity.AncientChinese___9___(philosophy)havebeenexpressedintraditionalChinesefurniture.Forexample,Confucianismemphasizesgentlenessandmoderation.___10___(achieve)that,skilledcarpentersproperlymatchedthecurvesandstraightlinesofthefurniture.That’swhyChinesefurniturealwaysdisplaysbothbalanceandstability.Passage2(2024届湖北省十堰市高三下学期4月调研考试英语试题)WiththeworldwidecelebrationoftheChineseNewYear,traditionalChineseculturalformssuchastheYinggeDance(DanceofHeroes)anddragonandliondanceshaveonceagainattractedwidespreadattention.AstheChineseNewYearisincreasinglycelebrated___1___(global),ithasbroughtitstraditionalcelebrationselsewhereandseenpeopleofothercountriesjointhefestivities.ThisSpringFestival,ateamofYinggedancersfromSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince___2___(invite)totheUK,bringinganexcitingperformancetoLondon’sBurlingtonArcade___3___(celebrate)theChineseNewYear.Literally___4___(translate)asthe“SongsofHeroes”dance,YinggeDanceisanoldfolkdance___5___originatedfromtheChaoshanareaofSouthChina’sGuangdongProvince.Dressedincolorfulcostumes,performerswavewoodensticksintheirhandswhile___6___(dance)inorderlyformationstothemusic.Basedonthestoriesofthe108___7___(hero)ofLiangshanMountainfromtheclassicnovelOutlawsoftheMarsh(《水浒传》),thisis___8___folkartcombiningavarietyofforms,frommartialartsandChineseoperastodance.Fromacenturies-oldartformtoamagnumopus(杰作)ofChinesetraditionworldwide,the___9___(popular)ofYinggeDanceonthestreetsofLondonduringtheSpringFestivalwasasuccess___10___termsoftraditionalChinesefolkartsailingoverseas.Passage3(2024届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期教学质量监测(二)英语试题)The16thto18thcenturies___1___(witness)thepeaktimeofSuzhouclassicalgardens,followingtheriseofthecityas___2___economiccenter,playinghosttoaround250gardens.Somewereinevitablylosttotime,butsomeofthemorerecent___3___keptblossoming.Asurveyfrom2015to2018showedthatthecityishometo108classicalgardens,57of___4___areinthehistoricalneighborhoodofGusudistrict.“Suzhougardensrevealpeople’sadorationofnaturebymixingelementsofdifferentnaturallandscapes___5___theirdesigns,”saysHeFengchun,directoroftheSuzhouInstituteofLandscapeArchitectureDesign.“Theyinspireus___6___(pursue)harmonywiththeworldaroundus.”“VisitingagardenislikeunrollingatraditionalChineselandscapepainting,”shefurtherexplains.“So,likepaintings,ancientChinesephilosophyandmorals___7___(hide)inthedetailsofthegardens.”Incenturiespast,Suzhoualso___8___(large)directedthedevelopmentofancientChineselandscapegardensasawhole.ZhuHaijun,directorofSuzhouConservationandMonitoringCenter,considerseducationprogramsfortheyounggenerationaskeyto___9___(pass)downtheintangibleheritageforthefuture.“Thefuturedestinyoftheclassicalgardensisintheirhands,”hesays.“We’dliketoplantaseedintheirheartssothatthegardenscancontinuetoflourishthroughthe___10___(age).”Passage4(2024届山东省泰安市新泰第一中学老校区(新泰中学)高三下学期第二次模拟英语试题)Themarketforwearabletechnologyinthepastfewyearshasbeenonarapidrise.Weseemtohavetoomuchattachmenttodataaccessibleonthosedevices.___1___isitagoodthingthatwe’rerelyingontechnologymoreoftenthannot,recordingeverystepwetake?Canthosetoolsreallymaximizeyourworkoutbenefits?Therealquestionssurroundnotthe___2___(wear),butthewearer.Thechallengeforathletes___3___(look)touptheirgamewithdataisfindingthetypeofinformationthatismosthelpful.Ifyouarehopingtorunfasterandwanttotrymoderatingyourpacebasedonheartrate“zones,”awearablecanhelpyoudoso.However,forprofessionalsandthosewhoarenew___4___workingout,lessismore.Earlierthismonth,SaraHall,aprofessionalmarathonrunnercompetingintheU.S.Olympicmarathontrials,actually___5__(throw)awayherGPSwatchmidrace___6__(avoid)distraction.Similarly,forbeginnerrunners,it’smoreimportanttolearntolistentoyourbody’ssignals—tiredness,___7__(ache),burstsofenergy--___8___totrackyourpaceorheartrate.Dependingonwhatthosegoalsare,theremightbewaystoachievethemthata