2023-2024学年辽宁省沈阳市和平区部分高中高一下学期4月联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE2辽宁省沈阳市和平区部分高中2023-2024学年高一下学期4月联考英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALonelyPlanet’sTopPlacestoGoin2024Areyoulookingforinspirationforyournexttraveldestination?LonelyPlanethaspublisheditsyearlylistoftopplacestogo.Whetheryou’relookingforadventure,culture,orvalue,there’ssomethingforeverytypeoftraveler.Let’sexplorethe.toppicksfortraveldestinationsin2024.TopCity:NairobiNairobi,theKenyancapital,waschosenforitsuniquemusicanddanceculture,andimpressivelocalrestaurants.NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity’scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover-400specieswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscraperstwinkleonthehorizon.TopCountry:MongoliaMongoliaislovedforitswide-openspaces,adventureactivities,anduniquefood.TheMongoliangovernmenthasannounced2023through.2025:as:the“YearstoVisitMongolia“,easingentryconditionsforinternationaltravelersandimprovingpublicfacilities,includinganew$650millionairport.TopSustainableTravelDestination:SpainThepublisheralsorecommendedSpainforthecountry’seffortstoexpandrenewableenergy,todevelopoff-seasontravel,andtobringtourismtonewdestinations,suchastheportcityofValencia,easingpressuresonhotspotssuchasBarcelona.TopBest-ValueLocation:TheAmericanMidwestTheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.Visitorscanenjoyexcellentservicesandfacilities.suchasoldwarehousestransformedintoartstudios,neweco-designhotels,andMichelin-starredrestaurants,withouthavingtospendtoomuchmoney.TopBeachDestination:DonegalDonegalIreland’smostnorthwesterncounty,hasthecountry’slongestcoastlineandover100beaches,wherevisitorscanenjoythehighestseacliffsinEuropeandmilesofbeautifulcoastalhikingtrails.21.WhatcanpeopledoinNairobiNationalPark?A.Enjoyadventureactivities. B.Tastelocaldeliciouscuisine.C.Seevariouswildanimals. D.Appreciatemusicalperformances.22.WhyisTheAmericanMidwestconsideredtobetheBest-ValueLocation?A.Ithassimplifiedentryprocedures. B.Itofferscost-effectiveexperiences.C.Itcombinesartwithnaturalscenery. D.Itprovidesgoodtransportationservices.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toentertain. B.Toanalyse. C.Toinform. D.Toreport.〖答案〗21.C22.B23.C【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2024年最佳旅游目的地。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据TopCity:Nairobi部分中“NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity’scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover-400specieswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscraperstwinkleonthehorizon.(内罗毕国家公园，离城市的中央商务区只有很短的车程，是一个不容错过的地方，在那里游客可以看到400多种野生动物在开阔的草原上游荡，摩天大楼在地平线上闪闪发光)”可知，在内罗毕国家公园，人们可以看到各种不同种类的野生动物。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据TopBest-ValueLocation:TheAmericanMidwest部分中“TheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.(包括芝加哥和底特律在内的美国中西部城市也榜上有名，因为它以合理的成本提供了高质量的旅行体验)”可知，美国中西部被认为是最有价值的地方是因为它提供了高性价比的旅行体验。故选B项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Areyoulookingforinspirationforyournexttraveldestination?LonelyPlanethaspublisheditsyearlylistoftopplacestogo.Whetheryou’relookingforadventure,culture,orvalue,there’ssomethingforeverytypeoftraveler.Let’sexplorethe.toppicksfortraveldestinationsin2024.(你在为下一个旅游目的地寻找灵感吗?《孤独星球》日前公布了年度最佳旅游目的地榜单。无论你是在寻找冒险、文化还是价值，都有适合每种类型的旅行者的东西。让我们来探索一下。2024年旅游目的地的最佳选择)”可知，本文的主要目的是介绍了四个2024年最佳旅游目的地，也就是告知读者。故选C项。BEverymorningontheislandofOahu,studentsatPu’öhalaElementarygatheronafieldastoweringmountainswatchthemfromthemist.Theirdaystartswithsongsin‘öleloHawai’i,theislands’nativelanguage,restatingvaluesofrespectandjusticethattheirteachershopewillguidethemthroughtheireducation,andthroughouttheirlives.Likemostkidstheirage,they’renotconcernedaboutthesignificanceofthelanguagethey’relearning.Still,theyhaveaweightyresponsibility:toreceivethetorch(火炬)andensurethesecurityof‘öleloHawai’iforfuturegenerations.Itwasonly50yearsagothatthelanguagewasontheedgeofextinction.Thoughthesituationismuchimproved,inmanyways‘öleloHawai’iisstillonlifesupport.Teacherssaythere’sahugeenthusiasmforschoolkidstolearnthelanguage,butastheygrowup,they’reencouragedtofocuson“moreuseful”subjectsanduseEnglish,whicharebelievedtoassisttheminachievingsuccessintheirwork.In2016,therewere18,610Hawaiianspeakersontheislands.“Onehundredthousandistheapproximatenumberofspeakersneededtoconsiderthelanguagesafe,”saysSolomon,professorofHawaiianlanguageatUniversityofHawai’iatManoa.“Theideaisthatthereareenoughpeoplepassingitontothenextgeneration,socializingtheirchildrentousethelanguageinalldomainsoflife,toexpressallthoughtsandneedsanddesires.”Fortunately,thekidsofPu’öhalaElementarywilltaketheresponsibilitytocontinuetheworkofthecurrentyoungadultsdefendingthelanguage,expandingaccessto‘öleloHawai’iinpartthroughTikTokandInstagram,andmakingthelanguageapracticalskillinadulthood.Theseyouth,alongwiththosecommittedtorecoveringthelanguagefrompreviousgenerations,sharetheirhopesforthebetter.24.WhatarethestudentsatPu’öhalaElementaryexpectedtodo?A.Tofigureoutthevalueoflife. B.TogooutoftheislandofOahu.C.Topasstheirnativelanguagedown. D.Todrawpeople’sattentiontofolksongs.25.Whatmakesthestudentsabandon‘öleloHawai’i?A.Careerdevelopment. B.Theimprovedsituation.C.Lackofenthusiasm. D.Littleeducationalsupport.26.Whatisthecurrentsituationof‘öleloHawai’iaccordingtoprofessorSolomon?A.Itisusedinallwalksoflife. B.Itisconsideredasafelanguage.C.Itdemandsmorespeakerstobesafe. D.Ithasonehundredthousandspeakers.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureof‘öleloHawai’i?A.Worried. B.Hopeful. C.Unclear. D.Reserved.〖答案〗24.C25.A26.C27.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了夏威夷岛上普奥哈拉小学学生学习母语夏威夷语的情景，承载着保护和传承夏威夷语言文化的责任。虽然夏威夷语曾经濒临灭绝，但现在学生们积极学习，努力传承着这门语言。文章表达了对未来传承和发展夏威夷语的期望和希望。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“theyhaveaweightyresponsibility:toreceivethetorch(火炬)andensurethesecurityof‘ōleloHawai’iforfuturegenerations.”（他们仍然肩负着重大责任：接受火炬并确保子孙后代的夏威夷语的安全。）可知，Pu’öhala小学的学生应该把他们的母语传承下去。故选C项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“they’reencouragedtofocuson‘moreuseful’subjectsanduseEnglish,whicharebelievedtoassisttheminachievingsuccessintheirwork.”（他们被鼓励专注于“更有用”的科目并使用英语，这被认为有助于他们在工作中取得成功。）可知，很多学生为了工作发展，放弃夏威夷语言的学习。故选A项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“In2016,therewere18,610Hawaiianspeakersontheislands.”（2016年，岛上有18610名讲夏威夷语的人。）以及第四段“Onehundredthousandistheapproximatenumberofspeakersneededtoconsiderthelanguagesafe,”（认为该语言安全所需的使用者人数大约为十万人）可知，目前夏威夷语言的使用者远达不到安全数量100000，因此需要更多使用者才能确保该语言的安全。故选C项。【27题详析】观点态度题。由文章最后一段“Theseyouth,alongwiththosecommittedtorecoveringthelanguagefrompreviousgenerations,sharetheirhopesforthebetter.”（这些年轻人与那些致力于恢复前几代人的语言的人一起，分享着他们对更好的希望。）可推知作者对夏威夷语言的未来持积极乐观态度。A.Worried担心；B.Hopeful有希望的；C.Unclear不清楚的；D.Reserved保留的。B项符合此处语境。故选B项。CInthefirsttestofitskindinEurope,andonlythesecondintheworld,Belgianresearcherstested39brandsofstraws(吸管)forthegroupofsynthetic(合成的)chemicalsknownaspoly-andperfluoroalkylsubstances(PFAS).Thestrawsaremadefromfivematerials—paper,bamboo,glass,stainlesssteelandplastic.PFASwerefoundinthemajorityofthestrawstestedandweremostcommoninthosemadefrompaperandbamboo.Theywerenotfoundonlyinsteelstrawstested.PFASareusedtomakeeverydayproducts,fromoutdoorclothingtonon-stickpans,resistant(抵抗towater,heatandstains.Theyare,however,potentiallyharmfultopeople,wildlifeandtheenvironment.Theyhavebeenrelatedtoanumberofhealthproblems,includinglowerresponsetovaccines(疫苗),lowerbirthweight,thyroiddisease,liverdamage,kidneycancerandtesticularcancer.Theybreakdownveryslowlyovertimeandcanlastthousandsofyearsintheenvironment,apropertythathasledtothembeingknownas“foreverchemicals”.Agrowingnumberofcountries,includingtheUKandBelgium,havesoppedthesaleofsingle-useplasticproducts,includingdrinkingstraws,andplant-basedversionshavebecomepopular.ThePFASconcentrations(浓缩物)werelowinthemand,bearinmindthatmostpeopletendtoonlyusestrawsoccasionally,bringingalimitedrisktohumanhealth.However,PFAScanremaininthebodyformanyyearsandconcentrationscanbuildupovertime.Itisn’tknownwhetherthePFASwereaddedtothestrawsbytheproducerforwaterproofingorthePFASweretheresultofcontamination.Potentialsourcesofcontaminationincludethesoiltheplant-basedmaterialsweregrowninandthewaterusedintheproductionprocess.However,thepresenceofthechemicalsinalmosteverybrandofpaperstrawsmeansitislikelythatitwas,insomecases,beingusedasawater-resistantcoating,saytheresearchers.28.WhyarePFAScalled“foreverchemicals”?A.Theyarecommonlyseenindailylife.B.Theybringhumanshealthproblems.C.Theyremainintheenvironmentforlong.D.Theycanresistwater,heatandstains.29.HowcanPFASharmpeople’shealth?A.Bybringingpeopleairpollution.B.Bypollutinghumans’food.C.Bybuildinguplittlebylittleinhumans’body.D.Bymakingpeopleaddictedtodrinkingeasily.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contamination”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Pollution. B.Discovery. C.Experiment. D.Development.31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Moreandmorecountriesgiveupsingle-useplasticproducts.B.PFASarewidelyusedintheproductionofdailynecessities.C.Certainkindsofnewsyntheticchemicalswerediscovered.D.Environment-friendlydrinkingstrawsareactuallyharmful.〖答案〗28.C29.C30.A31.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常人们认为它们比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保。然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着它们看似环保，但确是有害的。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“Theybreakdownveryslowlyovertimeandcanlastthousandsofyearsintheenvironment,apropertythathasledtothembeingknownas“foreverchemicals”.(随着时间的推移，它们分解得非常缓慢，可以在环境中持续数千年，这一特性使它们被称为“永远的化学品”)”可知，PFAS在环境中能够持续数千年，分解非常缓慢，这是它被称为“永远的化学品”的原因。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话“ThePFASconcentrations(浓缩物)werelowinthemand,bearinmindthatmostpeopletendtoonlyusestrawsoccasionally,bringingalimitedrisktohumanhealth.However,PFAScanremaininthebodyformanyyearsandconcentrationscanbuildupovertime.(它们中的PFAS浓度很低，请记住，大多数人往往只是偶尔使用吸管，给人类健康带来的风险有限。然而，PFAS可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着时间的推移而增加)”可推知，PFAS能够在体内停留多年，随着时间的推移而增加，从而影响人的健康。故选C。【30题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的句子“Potentialsourcesofcontaminationincludethesoiltheplant-basedmaterialsweregrowninandthewaterusedintheproductionprocess.(潜在的污染源包括植物性材料生长的土壤和生产过程中使用的水)”可知，人们不确定PFAS是被生产商为了防水而添加到吸管中的，还是它本身就是污染的结果。污染源包括土壤和生产中使用的水。所以划线单词的意思是“污染”。故选A。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后三句话“Thestrawsaremadefromfivematerials—paper,bamboo,glass,stainlesssteelandplastic.PFASwerefoundinthemajorityofthestrawstestedandweremostcommoninthosemadefrompaperandbamboo.Theywerenotfoundonlyinsteelstrawstested.(吸管由五种材料制成——纸张、竹子、玻璃、不锈钢和塑料。PFAS在大多数测试的吸管中发现，在纸和竹子制成的吸管中最常见。它们不仅在测试的钢吸管中被发现)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常人们认为它们比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保。然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着它们看似环保，但确是有害的。故选D。DTheU.S.isinthemidstofa“lonelinessepidemic”.Foralotofpeople,thefeelingisevenmorenoticeableduringtheholidays.Inadditiontotheemotionalimpactofchronicloneliness,ithassomedramatichealthconsequences:increasedriskofheartdiseaseandstroke,infections,cancer,evendeath.Peoplemayfeellonelywhentheirsocialneedsarenotmetbythepeoplearoundthem.LaetitiaMwilambwe-Tshilobo,asocialcognitiveneuroscientistatPrincetonUniversity,sayslonelinessepidemiccapturestwodistinctgroups:first,peoplewithalownumberofsocialconnections;second,peoplewhofeeltheyhavepoorqualityexistingrelationships.ElisaBaek,asocialneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,co-authoredastudythatlookedatwhetherlonelypeopleviewtheworlddifferentlythannon-lonelypeople,specificallyamongcollegefreshmen.Baekfoundthatwhilenon-lonelypeoplewereallsimilarintheirneuralresponses,lonelypeoplehadresponsesthatwerereallydifferent—notjustfromthenon-lonelygroup,butalsofromeachother.Baeksaysthattheseidiosyncrasies(特性)inhowlonelyparticipantsprocesstheworld,“mayposechallengesinhowthesepeopleareabletoachievesocialconnectionandfeelconnectedwithothers.”Tostudythesechangestothebrain,Baek’steamcollectedfMRIdata—ameasureofbloodflowchangesinthebrain—whilefirst-yearcollegestudentswatchedshortvideostomeasurehowsimilarlyparticipants’brainsrespondedtothevideos.Thevideosrangedfromdramaticandcomedicclipstoinstructionaldemonstrationsinordertoreproduceexperiencesparticipantsmighthaveindailylife.Shesaysit’stheclosesttheycouldgettostudypeople’sbrainactivity—andhowtheyprocesstheworld—whiletheyweregoingabouttheirlives.Mwilambwe-Tshilobo,whoisnotinvolvedinthestudy,saystheresearchaccuratelyhighlightshowindividualdifferencesaffectpeopleinexperiencingloneliness.“Tryingtoconnectmoredeeplywithoneortwoorthreeotherpeoplemaybemoreimportantthantotrytogettoknoweverybodyandbeingongoodtermswitheverybody.Itdoesn’thavetobesomeonewhoislike-minded.It’smorelike:Howcanwegetonthesamepagewithpeoplewhowemightnotstartoffonthesamepagewith,butthatmightformdeeperconnectionsafterwards?”sheadds.32.Whichdescriptionbestcharacterizesthe“lonelinessepidemic”?A.Harmfulmentallyandphysically. B.Exclusivetopeoplewithfewfriends.C.Strikingthroughouttheyear. D.Spreadingbetweenpeople.33.WhatcanbeinferredfromthestudyconductedbyElisaBaek?A.Itsfindingsfocusonthedifferencesbetweenlonelyandnon-lonelypeople.B.IttargetsfreshmanstudentsattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.C.Itcastslightonhowlonelypeopleperceivetheworld.D.Itchallengeslonelypeopletobemoresocial.34.Whatisrequiredofthevideosforthestudy?A.Tomonitortheresponsespeed. B.Tomodeleverydaysituations.C.Tostudytherecreationalactivities. D.Tolookintothebrainstructures.35.WhatadvicemightMwilambwe-Tshilobogivetolonelypeople?A.Expandthesocialnetwork. B.Befriendwiththoseinhighplaces.C.Seekoutfriendswhothinkalike. D.Deepenconnectionswithpatience.〖答案〗32.A33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。当周围的人不能满足社交需求时，人们可能会感到孤独，长期孤独对身心健康都有害。文章主要介绍社会神经科学家通过研究发现，孤独的人看待世界的方式与不孤独的人不同，而且孤独的人彼此之间也不同。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“TheU.S.isinthemidstofa“lonelinessepidemic”.Foralotofpeople,thefeelingisevenmorenoticeableduringtheholidays.Inadditiontotheemotionalimpactofchronicloneliness,ithassomedramatichealthconsequences:increasedriskofheartdiseaseandstroke,infections,cancer,evendeath.(美国正处于‘孤独流行病’之中。对很多人来说，这种感觉在假期里更加明显。长期孤独除了会对情绪造成影响外，还会对健康造成严重影响：增加患心脏病和中风、感染、癌症甚至死亡的风险。)”可知，除了长期孤独的情绪影响外，“孤独流行病”还会带来一些严重的健康后果：增加患心脏病和中风、感染、癌症甚至死亡的风险；因此，“孤独流行病”对身体和心理方面都有害。故选A。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“ElisaBaek,asocialneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,co-authoredastudythatlookedatwhetherlonelypeopleviewtheworlddifferentlythannon-lonelypeople,specificallyamongcollegefreshmen.(南加州大学的社会神经科学家ElisaBaek与人合著了一项研究，研究孤独的人看待世界的方式是否与不孤独的人不同，尤其是在大学新生中。)”可知，Baek的研究探究了孤独群体是否与非孤独群体看待世界的方式有所不同；结合第三段中的“Baekfoundthatwhilenon-lonelypeoplewereallsimilarintheirneuralresponses,lonelypeoplehadresponsesthatwerereallydifferent—notjustfromthenon-lonelygroup,butalsofromeachother.(Baek发现，虽然不孤独的人的神经反应都很相似，但孤独的人的反应却截然不同——不仅与不孤独的人不同，而且彼此之间也不同。)”可知，Baek所做的研究揭示了孤独的人是如何看待世界的，不仅聚焦了孤独群体与非孤独群体的差异，也探究了孤独群体内部的差异。故选C。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thevideosrangedfromdramaticandcomedicclipstoinstructionaldemonstrationsinordertoreproduceexperiencesparticipantsmighthaveindailylife.(这些视频内容从戏剧和喜剧片段到教学演示，旨在重现参与者在日常生活中可能有的经历。)”可知，这些视频的内容包括戏剧片段、喜剧片段以及教学示范，是为了重现参与者在日常生活中可能拥有的经历，即这些视频是为了模拟日常生活情景。故选B。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Tryingtoconnectmoredeeplywithoneortwoorthreeotherpeoplemaybemoreimportantthantotrytogettoknoweverybodyandbeingongoodtermswitheverybody.Itdoesn’thavetobesomeonewhoislike-minded.It’smorelike:Howcanwegetonthesamepagewithpeoplewhowemightnotstartoffonthesamepagewith,butthatmightformdeeperconnectionsafterwards?”sheadds.(‘尝试与一两个或三个人建立更深入的联系，可能比试图了解每个人并与每个人保持良好关系更重要。不一定要找志同道合的人。这更像是：我们如何才能与那些一开始可能目标并不一致，但后来可能形成更深层次联系的人达成共识？’她补充道。)”可知，Mwilambwe-Tshilobo认为对于孤独的人来说尝试与他人建立更深入的联系更加重要，可以尝试和那些一开始可能不合拍的人形成更深层次的联系，最终达成共识；由此可知，Mwilambwe-Tshilobo建议孤独的人耐心地加深与他人的联系。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wealldoprocrastination(拖延).Nomatterhowwell-organizedyouare,chancesarethatyouhavefoundyourselfwastinghoursonsmallpursuitswhenyoushouldhavebeenspendingthattimeonschool-relatedprojects.____36____However,dotheyreallywork?Knee-jerkreactionandrecommendationstoprocrastinationcanfocusonmakinglists,downloadingapps,settingtimers,etc.Ifsimplymakingalistcouldsolvetheproblemofprocrastination,thentherewouldn’tbesomanyarticlesonitorconversationsaboutitwithdoctors.____37____Whenwelookatatask,suchasdoinghomeworkorpreparingapresentation,wedoaninternalassessment.____38____Ifnot,ourbraincenterrespondsbytellingourbodytoavoidthesituationcausingusanxiety.Inthisway,procrastinationwillprovideuswithacircle-stressfultask,perceivedthreat,butoncethetaskisfinished,youwillfeelbetter.Thisisashort-termsolutioninfact.Then,ultimatelywewanttofinishaworkandfeelgood,whatcanwedo?____39____That’sbecauseweliveinabusyworldwheretaskswillrollyourway.Beawarethatyouareprocrastinatinganddon’tpileuptheactofprocrastinationwiththeactofself-deception(欺骗).Knowyourselfandyourmoods.Schedulingtasksduringtimesofhighenergywillhelpusbemostproductiveandlessentheopportunityforprocrastination.____40____Ifyouaremotivatedbyfunnystickersonyourpapers,thenyoushouldpairtherewardingactivitywiththetaskyouhavebeenprocrastinating.A.Learnfromnegativethoughts.B.What’smore,rewardyourselfafterthetask.C.Itmeansamismanagementofyouremotions.D.Procrastinationfrequentlyhappensindailylife.E.Therefore,weneedtofigureoutitsinternalroots.F.Ifthetaskiseasytohandle,wecandoitassoonaspossible.G.Fortunately,youwillfindmanywaystodealwithprocrastinationonline.〖答案〗36.G37.E38.F39.D40.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了拖延是情绪管理的失误，以及如何应对拖延，提出了认识到拖延、了解自己的情绪、合理安排任务和适时奖励自己等策略。【36题详析】根据空后一句“However,dotheyreallywork?(然而，它们真的有效吗？)”可知，空处应是指出下文they的指代内容，G项“幸运的是，你能在网上找到很多治疗拖延的方法”衔接后文的“这些方法真的起作用吗？”，下文they指代G项中ways。故选G。【37题详析】根据上文“Knee-jerkreactionandrecommendationstoprocrastinationcanfocusonmakinglists,downloadingapps,settingtimers,etc.Ifsimplymakingalistcouldsolvetheproblemofprocrastination,thentherewouldn’tbesomanyarticlesonitorconversationsaboutitwithdoctors.(对拖延症的下意识反应和建议可以集中在列清单、下载应用程序、设置计时器等方面。如果简单地列个清单就能解决拖延症的问题，那么就不会有这么多关于它的文章，也不会有这么多关于它的医生对话)”可知，作者提到如果仅仅通过列清单就能解决拖延问题，那么就不会有那么多关于拖延的文章和与医生的讨论了。这表明需要解决拖延背后的情绪根源，与E项“因此，我们需要解决导致拖延的情绪根源”一致。故选E。【38题详析】根据文章第三段提到的“Ifnot,ourbraincenterrespondsbytellingourbodytoavoidthesituationcausingusanxiety.(如果不容易，我们的大脑中枢就会做出反应，告诉我们的身体避免导致我们焦虑的情况)”可知，前文应该是肯定的情况，F项“如果任务容易处理，我们可以尽快去做”符合语境，故选F。【39题详析】从下文“That’sbecauseweliveinabusyworldwheretaskswillrollyourway.(这是因为我们生活在一个繁忙的世界里，各种任务都会接踵而至)”可以看出作者在讨论拖延在日常生活中经常发生的情况。这与D项“拖延在日常生活中经常发生”符合。故选D。【40题详析】上文“Knowyourselfandyourmoods.Schedulingtasksduringtimesofhighenergywillhelpusbemostproductiveandlessentheopportunityforprocrastination.(在精力充沛的时候安排任务可以帮助我们提高效率，减少拖延的机会)”和下文“Ifyouaremotivatedbyfunnystickersonyourpapers,thenyoushouldpairtherewardingactivitywiththetaskyouhavebeenprocrastinating.(如果你的动机是试卷上有趣的贴纸，那么你应该把奖励活动和你一直拖延的任务结合起来)”提到，在你有高能量时安排任务可以帮助我们最高效地工作并减少拖延的机会。接着提到如果你被纸上的有趣贴纸激励，那么你应该将奖励活动与你一直在拖延的任务相结合。与B项“更重要的是，任务完成后给自己奖励”相符，强调了任务完成后的奖励对于应对拖延的作用。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysonhadjustgottenhisdrivinglicense.Onthewayhome,I___41___thecartoasideroad,unfastenedmyseatbelt,and___42___placeswithhim.“Okay,”Isaid,“Iwantyoutodrivehome.”Sittingbehindthesteeringwheel,hisbodylookedtenseand___43___.“Mom,”hesaidquietly,“Ican’tdothis.I’mnotready.”“It’sokay!”Isaid,“You’re___44___goingtofeelready.Youjusthavetogoforit.”“No,”hetookadeepbreathand___45___myfather’swords.“Don’teverapologizeforknowingyourlimits.Youtoldmethat!”Forabriefmoment,time___46___Isawtheveryoldphotographforever___47___inmymemory.Itshowsmyfamilystandingarminarmand___48___forthecamera,withthethentallestrollercoaster(过山车)wedecidedtoridetogetherinthebackground.NooneknewIwas___49___terrified.Ijustdidn’twanttobetheonetostaybehind.We___50___ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.Suddenly,mybodywasstiff(僵硬的)with___51___,andIknew:Ijustcouldn’tdoit.Too___52___tofacemyfamily,IsimplycalledovermyshouldertoDadthatIwasleaving.Dadaskedmewhathappened.“IguessIwastoochicken.Sorry.”WhatDadsaidnext___53___surprisedme.“Don’teverapologizeforknowingyourlimits,”hesaid,“Anddon’tletsomeonemakeyoudosomethingyou’renotcomfortablewith.I’mproudofyouforthechoiceyoumade.”Thiswastheexact___54___ofwhatIhadexpectedhimtosay.Instantly,Iunderstoodexactlyhowmysonfelt.Knowingthelimitsisn’tan___55___ofweakness.It’sactuallyasignofstrength.41.A.pulledout B.pulledover C.pulledaway D.pulledback42.A.traded B.provided C.shared D.took43.A.impatient B.indifferent C.uncomfortable D.irrelevant44.A.always B.surely C.forever D.never45.A.expected B.wondered C.recalled D.imagined46.A.passed B.faded C.froze D.flew47.A.pressed B.struck C.reflected D.printed48.A.looking B.applying C.smiling D.accounting49.A.hardly B.secretly C.similarly D.obviously50.A.inched B.found C.picked D.felt51.A.anger B.fear C.sadness D.joy52.A.embarrassed B.disappointed C.discouraged D.desperate53.A.consistently B.completely C.normally D.constantly54.A.complaint B.reply C.expression D.opposite55.A.assumption B.introduction C.inspiration D.indication〖答案〗41.B42.A43.C44.D45.C46.C47.D48.C49.B50.A51.B52.A53.B54.D55.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在回家的路上作者原本打算让对开车有恐惧感的儿子开车回家，而儿子的一番话让作者想起了自己儿时的经历，最终作者明白了儿子的处境，同时也明白了知道自己的极限并不表明自己是软弱的，相反这是一种强大的表现。【41题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：回家的路上，我把车停在一条岔路上，解开安全带，和他交换了位置。A.pulledout拉出；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.pulledaway离开；D.pulledback撤退。根据空后“thecartoasideroad,unfastenedmyseatbelt,and____________placeswithhim.”可知是作者将车停在了路边，和儿子交换了位置。故选B项。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：回家的路上，我把车停在一条辅路上，解开安全带，和他交换了位置。A.traded做交易；B.provided提供；C.shared分享；D.took拿走。根据后文““Okay,”Isaid.“Iwantyoutodrivehome.””可知作者想让儿子开车回家，所以和儿子交换了位置。故选A项。【43题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在方向盘后面，他的身体看起来紧张而不舒服。A.impatient不耐烦的；B.indifferent冷漠的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.irrelevant不相干的。根据空前“hisbodylookedtense”以及空后““Ican’tdothis.I’mnotready.””可知儿子听到要让他开车回家就表现出了紧张和不舒服。故选C项。【44题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你永远不会觉得自己准备好了。A.always总是；B.surely一定；C.forever永远；D.never永不。根据后文“Youjusthavetogoforit.”可知作者鼓励儿子必须要去争取那些自己认为没有准备好的事情，因为在不尝试之前你永远不会觉得自己准备好了。故选D项。【45题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不，”他深吸一口气，回忆起我父亲的话。“永远不要因为知道自己的极限而道歉。这是你告诉我的!”A.expected期望；B.wondered想知道；C.recalled召回；回想起；D.imagined想象。根据空后“myfather’swords.”可知是儿子想起了作者父亲的话。故选C项。【46题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有那么一小会儿，时间停止了。A.passed经过；B.faded逐渐消失；褪色；C.froze结冰；凝固；D.flew飞翔。根据后文“Isawtheveryoldphotographforever____________inmymemory.”可知儿子的话让作者看到了那张刻在记忆深处的老照片，时间停留在了那一刻。所以说时间似乎停止了。故选C项。【47题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到了那张永远刻在我记忆里的老照片。A.pressed挤；按；压；B.struck击打；C.reflected反映；D.printed打印。根据空前“Isawtheveryoldphotographforever”以及空后“inmymemory.”可知作者儿时经历的那一幕永远地留在了作者记忆的深处。故选D项。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：照片中，我的家人手挽着手，对着镜头微笑，背景是我们决定一起乘坐的当时最高的过山车。A.looking看；面向；B.applying申请；应用；C.smiling微笑；D.accounting视为。根据空后“forthecamera,withthethentallestrollercoaster(过山车)wedecidedtoridetogetherinthebackground.NooneknewIwas__________terrified.”可知因为要乘坐最高的过山车，所以家人们都很高兴。故选C项。【49题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有人知道我暗自害怕。A.hardly几乎不；B.secretly秘密地；C.similarly相似地；D.obviously显然。根据后文“Ijustdidn’twanttobetheonetostaybehind.We____________ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.Suddenly,mybodywasstiffwith____________,andIknew:Ijustcouldn’tdoit.”可知作者暗自害怕。故选B项。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一路向前，终于到达（队伍）的终点。A.inched缓慢移动；渐进；B.found发现；C.picked挑选；D.felt感觉到。根据空后“ourwayupthelineandfinallyreachedtheend.”可知作者一家排队等着坐过山车，所以是缓慢移动。故选A项。【51题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我的身体因恐惧而僵硬，我知道：我就是做不到。A.anger愤怒；B.fear恐惧；C.sadness悲伤；D.joy快乐。根据前文“NooneknewIwas____________terrified.”以及“Suddenly,mybodywasstiffwith”可知因为害怕，作者的身体变得僵硬。故选B项。【52题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我羞于面对家人，只是回头对爸爸说我要走了。A.embarrassed尴尬的；不安的；B.disappointed失望的；C.discouraged沮丧的；D.desperate不惜冒险的。根据后文“IsimplycalledovermyshouldertoDadthatIwasleaving.”可知因为不敢坐过山车作者觉得很丢人。故选A项。【53题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：爸爸接下来说的话让我大吃一惊。A.consistently一贯地；B.completely完全地；十分地；C.normally正常地；D.constantly不断地。根据空后“surprisedme.”以及“Thiswastheexact___________ofwhatIexpectedhimtosay.”可知作者没有想到父亲会说出与自己预料相反的话，所以当听到父亲说出那些话时作者非常震惊。故选B项。【54题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这正是我希望他说的话。A.complaint抱怨；B.reply回复；C.expression表达；D.opposite对立物。根据前文““Don’teverapologizeforknowingyourlimits,”hesaid.“Anddon’tletsomeonemakeyoudosomethingyou’renotcomfortablewith.I’mproudofyouforthechoiceyoumade.”Thiswastheexact”以及空后“ofwhatIexpectedhimtosay.”可知父亲说出了的话作者预料他会说的话完全相反。故选D项。【55题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道自己的极限并不是软弱的表现。A.assumption假定；假设；B.introduction介绍；C.inspiration灵感；D.indication暗示。根据空后“ofweakness.It’sactuallyasignofstrength.”可