2024年安徽省中考九年级英语二轮专题复习 词句微技能

词句微技能“熟词生义”是学生正确理解语篇内容的难点之一。不懂“熟词”的“生义”会影响阅读速度和对全文的准确理解，造成理解偏差。因此，学生在日常学习中应积累常见的熟词生义。微技能1利用语境猜测熟词生义(一)词汇微技能微技能突破例Lastweek,myschoolannounced(宣布)aspeechcompetition,andabout35studentsenteredthecompetition.Ialsotookpartinitanddecidedtomakeittothefinalround,butIknewIneededtodoalotofpreparations.IpracticedeverydayandaskedmyEnglishteacherforsuggestions.Finally,Iwasreadyforthecompetition.1.Theunderlinedword“entered”means“________”．A.进来

B.报名

C.提出

D.登录剖析：本题考查的是enter的“生义”。enter的“基本义”是“进来”，在这里结合语境引申为“报名，参加”。故选B。技能精讲大多数多义词的“生义”和其“熟义”具有紧密的联系，学生除平时积累并记忆单词的意思之外，还需要养成借助“熟义”和语境提示去推测“生义”的思维习惯，就能迅速精准地推测出“生义”。方法指导EveryyearinJune,therearecelebrationsalloverthecountrytomarkMid­SummerDay.IttakesplaceonSaturdaynearesttomidsummer.Inourneighborhood,everyonegetstogethertojoininthefun.1.Theunderlinedword“mark”inthepassagemeans“________”．A.庆祝

B.标记

C.表明

D.弄污对点微练A英语中很多单词的构成形式是有规律的，掌握单词的构成规律有助于理解和记忆词汇。英语常见的构词法有合成法、派生法和转化法。更多构词法规则详见右侧二维码。微技能2

利用构词法猜测词义例1Inyesterday'ssoccergame,Iwasthegoalkeeper.Ihadneverdoneitinamatchbefore.Asthegamebegan,theballheadedtowardsthegoal.Ihesitated(犹豫)atfirst,butthenItriedtostoptheshot.Witheachsave,myconfidencegrew.1.文中画线单词的汉语意思是：________。剖析：本题考查合成词“goalkeeper”，可拆分为goal和keeper，goal“进球，球门”；keeper“看守人”，结合语境可知，此处“goalkeeper”意为“球门看守人”，也就是“守门员”。技能精讲1.合成法若生词是由两个独立且语义不同的单词复合而成，学生可通过分析两个组成部分的词义并结合语境推出词义，并将词义代入语境，核验是否正确。如blackboard由形容词black“黑色的”和名词board“板”构成，可推测出词义为“黑板”。方法指导例2Lastweek,wevisitedthesciencemuseum.Welearntaboutscientificideasthroughtheexhibition，whichhelpedusdiscovermoreabouttheworld.Itwasanunforgettableexperience!2.文中画线单词的汉语意思是：________。剖析：画线单词由forget“忘记”、前缀un­和后缀­able构成，un­前缀表示否定含义，­able后缀表示其具有形容词的词性，结合语境可知，此处表示这次经历是难忘的。2.派生法学生通过积累并熟记初中阶段常见前缀和后缀的含义，推测生词含义。通常情况下，加前缀不改变词性，仅改变词义。常见前缀加un­，dis­，im­等表示否定，与原单词构成反义词。加后缀一般会改变词性，但词义基本不变。方法指导例3MinaMayisaBritishstudent.ShegoestoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.ButonSaturdays,Minaworks.She'sanillustrator(插图画家)forchildren'sbooks.ThebooksareaboutagirlnamedWendyQuill.2.文中画线单词的汉语意思是：________。剖析：此处“named”作动词，name作名词时意为“名字”，结合语境可知，此处指名字叫作WendyQuill的女孩。3.转化法单词转化后往往与单词基本义联系密切，学生通过判断词性，结合语境对词义进行推测。如：Thegirliswateringtheflower.分析句子可知画线词为动词，结合water的基本义“水”可推知此处意为“浇水”。方法指导WhenPablowaselevenyearsold,hethoughtofanideaforaproductcalledtheWordwatch.Pabloneededhisuncle'shelptocreatethisinventionbecauseheneededthehelpofacomputerprogrammer.UncleTim①shoulderedthejobofprogramming.TheyfiguredouthowtomakeWordwatches.

1.文中画线单词①的汉语意思是：________。对点微练承担Likemostwatches,aWordwatchshowsthetime.However,unlikeotherwatches,theWordwatchalsoshowsaword.PabloandUncleTiminvitedateachertoresearchwhichwordsshouldbeusedintheWordwatch.Theteachermadedifferentlistsofwordsfordifferentages.Thewatchesfornine­year­oldstudentshavesimplerwordsthantheonesforhigh­schoolstudents.Afterayear,aWordwatchownermaycallthe②hotlineandtheprogrammerstherewillreprogramitwithnewvocabulary.2.文中画线单词②的汉语意思是：________。热线Atthebeginning,peoplehada③misunderstandingaboutthiskindofwatch.ButmoreandmorestudentsfindPablo'sinventionirreplaceable(不可替代的)becauseitcanhelpthemspellmanydifficultwordsandreadbetter.Wordwatchesappeartobesoldverywellthesedays.3.文中画线单词③的汉语意思是：________误解(二)句子微技能在语篇阅读中，我们有时熟知词汇却无法理解文章。这时，我们可以通过观察话语标记语捋清文章逻辑顺序、分析长难句来理解句子成分以准确理解句意；同时，在语篇题型设置中，正确选项常常是原文内容的同义转换，熟悉常见同义转换能在一定程度上提高得分率。微技能突破微技能1话语标记语识别话语标记语在语篇中起衔接作用，表明句子内部、句子之间以及段落之间的逻辑关系，形成语篇的连贯性与条理性。熟知话语标记语对理顺文章结构、预测和推理文章内容、理解篇章乃至提高阅读能力都有很大的帮助。例Inmyscienceclass,everyonehadtogiveanimportantpresenta-tion(报告).Mostofthefinalgradefortheclasswoulddependonthepresentation,1._______theteacheraskedustoprepareforitcarefully.Theteachertoldustoincludegraphic(图表的)information.TherewereafewthingsIdidn'tunderstand2.________Ididn'tlistencarefullyinclass.AsIprepared,Ineitheraskedanyquestionsnoraskedforhelp.Intheend,Ididn'tusegraphs.Thepresentationwasterrible.Ialmostfailedtheclass.Sincethen,IhavechangedthewayIprepare.Now,IaskquestionswhenIdon'tunderstandanything,3.________IalsoaskforhelpwhenIneedit.Itwasahardlessontolearn,butnowIamabetterstudent.技能精讲1.1题空处前后表示______关系，故符合文意的连词为：______。2.2题空处前后表示______关系，故符合文意的连词为：______。3.3题空处前后表示______关系，故符合文意的连词为：______。剖析：“这个课的期末成绩大部分将取决于报告”与“老师让我们认真准备”为因果关系，前因后果，应用连词so。剖析：“我不理解一些东西”与“我上课没认真听讲”为因果关系，前果后因，应用连词because/since/for/as。剖析：“我不懂的时候就提问”与“我需要帮助的时候也寻求帮助”为并列关系，应用连词and。学生应多积累常见的话语标记语，了解文章中句子内部、句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关系，从而加深对文章的理解。初中常见的话语标记语有：(1)转折关系：but,however；(2)对比关系：unlike，while，ratherthan...；(3)并列关系：like,or,inotherwords，thatistosay,justas,and,also,aswellas...；方法指导(4)因果关系：①表原因：because,since,for,as,becauseof,thanksto...；②表结果：so,therefore，sothat，so/such...that...；(5)选择关系：or,either；(6)让步关系：though,although,evenif/though。Lastyear,Itookpartina100­meterrunningevent.Irantheslowestandcameinlast.Itwasaterribleperformance.WhatdidIdo?Ibegantoruneveryday.Moreover,Iexercisedtoimprovemystrength.Thetrainingprocesswashard,1.________Istucktoit.Gradually,Ibecamemuchstrongerandranmuchfaster.Finally,afterweeksofpractice,Itookpartinanothershortrace,andIwonfirstplace!1.空处前后表示________关系，故符合文意的连词为：________。对点微练

转折but微技能2长难句分析例

Thetalentedmusician,whohaswonmanyawardsforhisexcellentperformances,willgiveaconcertnextmonth.Step1：提主干：Themusician(主语)willgive(谓语)aconcert(宾语)Step2：析成分：①主语部分：talented修饰主语musician；②定语从句中：who引导定语从句修饰musician(先行词)；从句主干为who(主语)haswon(谓语)awards(宾语)；many修饰宾语awards；forhisexcellentperformances作原因状语；③状语成分：nextmonth作句子的时间状语。技能精讲分析长难句时，可参考以下步骤：Step1：提主干：找出句子主语、谓语和宾语或主语、系动词和表语；Step2：析成分：若是复合句，先根据连词、关系词等分清句子层次；然后分别分析每个简单句的句子成分。方法指导1.Jackissuchacreativeboythatheoftencreatesusefulthingstomakehislifeeasy.(请分析句子成分)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________对点微练提主干：Jack(主语)is(系动词)aboy(表语)；析成分：①主句：creative修饰名词boy；②such...that引导的结果状语从句：he(主语)creates(谓语)things(宾语)，often为时间状语；useful修饰名词things；tomakehislifeeasy作目的状语。微技能3同义转换例

InA．D.105,CaiLunimprovedthepaper­makingskill.Writingswereusuallymadeonpieceso