适用于新高考新教材广西专版2025届高考英语一轮总复习选择性必修第二册Unit2BridgingCultures阅读题组-练速度新人教版

选择性必修第二册UNIT2阅读题组——练速度(35mins)Ⅰ.阅读ASharksareamazingcreatures.Theyareknownasthedeadliesthuntersinthesea.Fortunatelymostarenot,buttherearesomekindsofsharksthatcanbeextremelydangerous.Lookattheseshortdescriptionsoffourkindsofsharks.TheGreatWhiteSharkTheGreatWhiteSharkisoneofthemostfrighteningcreaturesinthesea.Theyliveintropicalandsubtropicalwaters,andtheycangrowupto9meterslong.MostGreatWhiteSharksareactuallygrey,blueorbrownwithawhitebelly,andtheirpowerfulteetharetriangleswithedgeslikesaws.TheWhaleSharkWhaleSharksarethelargestkindofsharkintheworldupto11metersinlength.Theyliveintropicalwatersallaroundtheworld,buttheyarenotdangerous.WhaleSharksarebrownorgreywithwhiteoryellowstripes.Theyoftentravelnearthesurfaceofthesea.TheMakoSharkMakoSharksarefiercepredators.TheycomefromthesamefamilyofsharksastheGreatWhiteSharkandtheyareespeciallyfast—theycanswimatspeedsofupto65kilometersperhour.TheyarelargebluishsharksfoundintheAtlanticOcean,PacificOceanandIndianOcean.MakoSharkscangrowupto3meterslong.TheGreatHammerheadSharkTheGreatHammerheadShark’smoststrikingfeatureisitswidethickheadwhichlookslikeahammer.TheaveragesizeofaGreatHammerheadSharkisapproximately3.5meters,butitcangrowupto6meterslong.Thesesharksaverageover500poundsbutcanweighasmuchas1,000pounds.Likemostsharksthefemalesarelargerthanthemales.Theyhaveseveralrowsofteeththathave24to37teethperrow.TheGreatHammerheadSharkhasaverykeensenseofsmell,whichhelpsitfinditsprey.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Sharksusuallyliveinicywaters.B.MakoSharksarefastbutnotdangerous.C.TheGreatWhiteSharkhas24to37sharpteeth.D.WhaleSharksarebiggerthanothersharksinthesea.2.WhyisasharkcalledtheGreatHammerheadShark?A.Becauseofthesizeofitsbody.B.Becauseofthewatersitlivesin.C.Becauseoftheshapeofitshead.D.Becauseofthefunctionofitsteeth.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Anadvertisement. D.Abiologymagazine.B(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffin’scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin’scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions. B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround. D.Byremovingthelid.5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor. B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole. D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-SortersCCanafishbedepressed?ThisquestionhasbeenonmyheadeversinceIspentanightinahotelacrossfromasad-lookingfish.Thepleasantwomanatthefrontdeskassuredmethathewaswelltakencareof.WasIincorrectlyassuminghislazinessasasignofbeingupset?WhenIsoughtanswersfromscientists,Iassumedthattheywouldfindthequestionridiculous,buttheydidnot.Newresearchhasbeentotallyshiftingthewaythatscientiststhinkaboutfishcognition(认知),buildingacasethatpetsandownersarenotnearlyasdifferentasmanyassume.Theneurochemistry(神经化学)issosimilarthatit’sscary,saidJulianPittman,aprofessor.Wetendtothinkofthemassimplelivingthings,butthereisalotwedon’tgivefishcreditfor.Dr.Pittmanlikesworkingwithfish,inpartbecausetheyaresoobviousabouttheirdepression.Azebrafishgetsdroppedinanewtank.Ifafterfiveminutesitishangingoutinthelowerhalf,it’sdepressed.Ifit’sswimmingupthetop,thenit’snot.Isdepressiontherightword?There’sanobviousissuethatwecannotaskanimalshowtheyfeel,saysDr.DiegoA.Pizzagalli.Neitherfishnorratscancatchtheentirerangeofdepressionasweknowit.Thereisaheateddebateaboutwhether“anxious”or“depressed”isamoreappropriateterm.ButwhathasconvincedDr.Pittmanandothersoverthepasttenyears,iswatchingthewaythezebrafishloseinterestinjustabouteverything:food,toys,exploration,justlikeclinicallydepressedpeoplewhoarewithdrawn.Thesameistrueoffish.Oneofthethingswe’refindingisthatfisharenaturallycuriousandseeknovelthingsout,saidDr.Braithwaite.Inotherwords,yourgoldfishisprobablybored.Tohelpgetridofdepression,sheurgesintroducingnewobjectstothetankorswitchingthelocationsofitems.8.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Fishareconsideredsimplelivingthings.B.Petsandownersarealwaysassumedtobethesame.C.Scientistshavelearntalotaboutfishcognition.D.Fishandhumanbeingshavesomethingincommon.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“withdrawn”inparagraph6probablymean?A.Quietandshy.B.Happyandexcited.C.Interestedandcareful.D.Disappointedandsurprised.10.Whycanfishbecomeboredaccordingtothetext?A.Theyneedoxygenfromtheair.B.Theyarenotborntobecurious.C.Theylacknewthingstoexplore.D.Theycan’tlocatethepositionsofitems.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FishDepressionIsNotaJokeB.FishCanBeaBoringPetC.FishNeedBetterCareMoreD.FishCognitionDoesNotExistD(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it’smorelike12boxesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.12.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste.B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat.D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.13.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetext?A.Moraldecline.B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage.D.Worldwidestarvation.14.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment.B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits.D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.15.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded.B.Reducefoodconsumption.C.Goshoppingonceaweek.D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.Ⅱ.七选五Areyoufailingschool?Doyouhavetroublefindingandholdingontoajob?Areyouunhappyatwork?Haveyoubeenaccumulatingmanypersonaldebts?Areyouconcernedaboutyourweight?1Herearesomesuggestions.

•Stopbeingself-absorbedandsearchforapurposethatwilladdmeaningandexcitementtoyourlife.•Movetoanewneighbourhood,anewtown.Gotoanewschool;findanewgym.2

•Makenewfriends.Theywillappreciatewhoyouare,andhelpyoufindyourpassion,whichyoumightnotevenknowyoupossess.•3Tochangeyourself,you’vegottochangehabits.Accordingtoresearchers,habitsaccountforabout40percentofourbehaviorsonanygivenday.Whenyoulearntochangeyourhabits,youcanchangeyourlife.

•Changethe“ChoiceArchitecture”ofyourlife.Makethedesiredchoicemostaccessibletoyou.4Ifyouaregoodatsports,youmaywanttolivenearasportscentre,andsoon.

Ifyouaren’thappywithyourlife,changeyourlifestyle,yourpersonalattitudes,andthecircumstancesyoulivein.5

A.Developgoodhabits.B.Showthemyourpersonality.C.Ifso,youhadbettermakesomechanges.D.Inanewplace,youcanappreciatewaysofthinking.E.Inaword,youmustfindyourelementbytakingaction.F.Don’tconstantlyblameothersforfailingtogetaheadinlife.G.Ifyouareagooddancer,youwanttolivenearatheatredistrict.

选择性必修第二册UNIT2阅读题组——练速度Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。鲨鱼是令人惊奇的生物。它们被称为海洋中最致命的猎手。幸运的是,大多数鲨鱼都不是,但有一些鲨鱼是非常危险的。本文介绍了大白鲨、鲸鲨、灰鲭鲨和无沟双髻鲨这四种鲨鱼的有关信息。1.D解析细节理解题。根据TheWhaleShark部分的“WhaleSharksarethelargestkindofsharkintheworld”可知,鲸鲨是世界上最大的鲨鱼,即鲸鲨比海里的其他鲨鱼要大。2.C解析细节理解题。根据TheGreatHammerheadShark部分的第一句可知,无沟双髻鲨最显著的特征是它的宽而粗的头部,看起来像一把锤子。故可知,它因其头部的形状而得名。3.D解析推理判断题。本文向我们介绍了四种鲨鱼的有关信息,结合选项可推知该篇文章应该摘自生物杂志。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明凤头鹦鹉具备相当于人类两岁幼儿的形状识别能力。4.B解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.”以及接下来提到的实验可知,它们需要找出合适的工具嵌入箱子才能得到坚果。故选B项。5.C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage...”可知,一岁的幼儿最有可能完成的任务是将一个球放到一个圆形的洞中。故选C项。6.D解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“oralsouseasenseoftouch”可知,研究人员下一步要研究它们是否也使用触觉来识别物体形状。故选D项。7.D解析标题归纳题。文章第一段提到凤头鹦鹉可以使用工具;第二段把凤头鹦鹉与人类两岁左右的幼儿进行比较,得出它们的确具备形状识别能力的结论;第三段主要介绍研究人员计划进一步研究它们的形状识别方式。综上所述,文章主要介绍了凤头鹦鹉识别形状的能力。故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。最新科学研究发现鱼也会有抑郁情绪出现,颠覆了人们以往的认知。8.D解析段落大意题。根据第三段中的“buildingacasethatpetsandownersarenotnearlyasdifferentasmanyassume”及“Theneurochemistryissosimilarthatit’sscary”可推知,该段主要讲鱼和人类有一些共同之处。9.A解析词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的“justlikeclinicallydepressedpeoplewhoarewithdrawn”可知,该画线词描述患抑郁症的人的特点,结合常识可推知,A项(安静且羞怯)符合语境。10.C解析推理判断题。根据题干中的“fishbecomebored”定位至文章最后一段中的“Oneofthethings...seeknovelthingsout”及“Tohelpgetridofdepression,sheurgesint