Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+Reading+and+Thinking高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingandThinkingNaturalDisastersfireearthquakefloodvolcanolandslide山体滑坡dragoncyclone龙卷风……mud-rockflow泥石流tsunamidroughtsandstormWarmingupvolcanotyphoonfloodsandstormtsunamiearthquakeSomeotherbigearthquakesinrecentyearsThebigearthquakeinWenchuan,SichuanProvincein2008.TheHaitiEarthquakehappenedinJanuary2010.

TheYushuEarthquakeinQinhaiProvinceinApril2010.TheGreatEastJapanEarthquakeoccurredon11March2011.Pre-readingAnighttheearthdidn’tsleepWhereisTangshan?Readthepassageandfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.ParagraphTopicsentence

1234StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.Everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.Allhopewasnotlost.While-readingThemainideaofeachpartPart1(Para.1)BeforetheearthquakePart2(Para.2,3)DuringtheearthquakePart3(Para.4)AftertheearthquakeSomethingstrangehappenedinTangshanthedestroyoftheearthquakeinTangshantherescueofTangshanJointhecorrectpartsofthesentences.1.

Thechickensdidn’teatbecause2.Thepeopledidn’tworrybecause3.Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecause4.

Waterwasneededbecause5.

ThepeopledidnotlosehopebecauseA.thearmycametohelpthem.B.thequakehappenedwhile

theyweresleeping.C.theywerenervous.D.damsandwellswereuseless.E.theydidn’tknowwhatthestrange

eventsmeant.Para1ListsomesignsbeforeTangShanEarthquake.Whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?Careful-reading1)Brightlightflashesinthesky.2)Thewellhasdeepcracksinit,andthewaterinitrisesandfalls.3)Chickensareflyinganddogsarebarking,andpigsandcowsaretoonervoustoeat.4)Fishjumpoutofthepond,andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields.SignsbeforeanearthquakePara2-3DiscussionTask1:Aftertheearthquake,whathappenedtopeople,animalsandbuildings?Task2:Undersomenumbersinthetwoparagraphs.

ofthenationfelttheearthquake.Ahugecrackthatwas

kilometreslongand

metreswidecutacrosshousesIn

terriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.

ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan

.Allofthecity’shospitals,

ofitsfactoriesandbuildings

and

ofitshomesweregone.1/3830152/3400,00075%90%At_____am,the__________earthquakeofthe20thcenturybegan._______burstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversof____.________coveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Two_______andmostofthebridgesfell.Therailwaytrackswerenow_________piecesof_______.______nowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Water,foodand______________werehardtoget.DamagecausedbyearthquakePara.2-33:42greatestSteamdirtBricksdamsuselesssteelSandelectricityDetailsPara:4Whydoesthewritersayallhopeisnotlost?Trueorfalse?1.PeopleinTangshanwerewarnedoftheearthquakeanddidn’tgotobedthatnight.2.PeopleinBeijingalsofelttheearthquake.3.Morethan400,000peoplewerekilledinthequake.4.Manyrescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruinsduringtheaftershock.5.Peopletriedtogetfreshwaterfromundertheground.FTFTF

Readthetextcarefullyagainandchoosethebestanswer1.Whatdoes“them”inthesentence“Nowind,however,couldblowthemaway.”(inParagraph3)referto?A.Redautumnleaves.B.Bricksontheground.C.Bodiesofdeadanimals.D.Sandinthewells.B2.Thetitle“Anighttheearthdidn’tsleep”means_______.A.theearthwasawakeallnightlongB.peopleontheearthcouldn’tfallasleepthatnightC.theearthshooklikecrazythatnightD.animalsontheearthwouldnotsleepthatnightC3.Allthefollowingunusualthingshappenedbeforethequakeexceptthat____.

A.thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell

B.thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat

C.tensofthousandsofcowswouldnevergivemilkagain

D.fishjumpedoutofbowlsandpondsC4.Peopleinthecitywenttobedasusualthatnightbecause____.

A.theydidn’tthinkitwasstrangeforwaterpipestocrackandburst

B.theythoughtitwaseasytoexperienceanearthquake

C.theythoughtsleepingwasthemostimportantthingwhateverwouldhappen

D.theycouldneverimaginetherewouldeanearthquakeDCanwestopearthquakes?Wecan’tstopearthquakes,butwecantrytoreducethelossescausedbyearthquakes.Whatcanwedoafterearthquakes?Tobuildhousesasstrongaspossible;

Tobuildhousesonrockratherthanonsand.Trytorescuepeople;Trytorebuildfamilies;Trytoforgetsadexperiencesandlivewithstrongbelief.Whatshallwedoifanearthquakehappens?1.Getunderaheavytableordeskandholdon,orsitorstandagainstaninsidewall.2.Keepawayfromwindows.3.Ifindoors,stayindoors.4.Ifoutdoors,stayawayfromfallingdebris,treesandpowerlines.5.Ifinacar,stayinthecar.6.Manyinjuriesoccurwhenpeopleactontheirimpulsetorun.Discussionasafeplacetoilet>thekitchen>thediningroom>thelivingroomprotectyourheadandkeypartsImagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway．想象你的家开始摇动．你必须马上离开。【用法归纳】

atonce立刻；马上immediatelyadv.立刻；马上innotime立刻；马上rightnow现在；立刻；马上Heisill;youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway.他病了，你应该立即请医生来。He’snotintheofficerightnow.他现在不在办公室。Languagepoints2.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食。(P.26L4)too…to…太……而不能【用法归纳】

(1)too…to…太……而不能(表示否定意义)Tomistooyoungtogothereonhisown．汤姆年纪太小，不能独自一人去那里。

too...to...句型表示“太……以至于不能……”，可转化为not...enoughto...和so...that...。

Thechildistooyoungtodresshimself.=Thechildisnotoldenoughtodresshimself.=Thechildissoyoungthathecan'tdresshimself.这孩子太小，不能够自己穿衣。

3.Inthecity，thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(P.26L.7)burstvi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发Thetypeofthecarburstsuddenly.轮胎突然爆裂。Therewasaburstoflaughterinthenextroom.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。burstoutcrying/laughing突然哭起来/笑起来burstintotears/laughter/angryspeech突然哭/唱/笑/吵起来Suddenlythedooropenedandagroupofchildrenburstin.门突然打开，闯进了一群孩子。4.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity，whothoughtlittleoftheseevents，wereasleepasusualthatnight.但是，唐山市的一百万居民都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。(P.26L.8)thinklittleof轻视；对……评价不高；不看重Don’tthinklittleofothers．不要轻视别人。

Theteacherthoughtlittleofyourarticle．老师对你的作文评价不高。thinknothingof把……看得很平常；不屑一顾thinkmuch／highly／wellof对……高度评价speakhighly／wellof对……高度赞扬singhighpraisefor对……高度赞扬5.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!

似乎到了世界末日!(P.26L.9)知识点一：atanend终止；结束（在句中通常做表语）Thelonghotsummerwasatlastatanend．(朗文P.327)漫长的酷暑终于过去了。【拓展延伸】end有关短语intheend最后，终于(后不加of短语)atanend结束，终结(在句中作表语)attheendof在……末(尽头)bytheendof到……末为止(常与完成时态连用)putanendtosth.结束；终结cometoanend结束，终止知识点三：asif（though）似乎，好像Itlooksasiftheweatherischanging.天看起来天要变。（表语从句）Hetreatedherasifshewerehisdaughter.他对待她好像是自己的女儿。（方式状语从句）Itseemedasifeveryonebutmehadmadefriendsandwashavingfun．（表语从句）(2013·山东高考究形填空)好像除了我每个人都有朋友都很开心。【拓展延伸】“asif/though+从句”表示虚拟虚拟情况从句时态与现在事实相反一般过去时态与过去事实相反过去完成时态与将来事实相反would/might/could+动词原形6.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.

在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。(P.26L.9)ruinn.[U]毁坏；毁灭，崩溃；[C](pl.)废墟，遗迹v.(使)破产，毁灭,毁坏Don'tletasmalldisagreementruinyourfriendship．不要让小小的分歧损害你们的友谊。

Shereturnedhomeandfoundallherfurniturehadbeenruinedbytheflood．她回家后发现家具全被洪水毁坏了。Yearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins.多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。

ruin有关短语inruins成为废墟；破败不堪fallin／intoruin灭亡；荒废ruinone'shealth/fame毁坏某人的健康7.Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。（P26L14-15知识点一：Two-thirds三分之二“分数／百分数＋of＋名词”结构在句子中作主语时，谓语动词与后面的名词的数一致。知识点二：injurevt.（尤指事故中）伤害;

伤害（感情，自尊心等）;

Thiscouldseriouslyinjure

thecompany’sreputation．这会严重损害公司的声誉。Brownwasseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccident，sohewasinhospital．布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤，所以住院了。Themomenttheterribleaccidenthappened，ambulancesrushedtheinjuredtothehospital．可怕的事故一发生，救护车把受伤的人火速送到医院。【同根词拓展】injuredadj．受伤的theinjured伤员injuryn．伤；伤口；伤害8.Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickensweredead.50万头猪和几百万只鸡全都死了。（P26,L23）millionsof“数百万的”。

9.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.井里满是沙子，而不是水。（P26L23-24）insteadof“代替，而不”。后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语等。WhydidtheychooseTominsteadofDavid?他们为什么选Tom代替David？Wewalkeddownthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift.我们走楼梯下来的，而没有乘电梯。

Hecamebytraininsteadofbybus.他坐火车来的，而没有坐汽车。10.Peoplewereshocked.人们惊呆了。shock(1)vt使震惊；使震动；电击(2)n.打击；震惊；震动；电击；休克;(c.n)“令人震惊的事／物”ThenewsofScott'sdeathshockedtheworld斯科特的死讯让整个世界为之震惊。

Ashearrived,hewasshockedathowfriendlythepeoplewere．到了那里后，当地人的友好让她大为吃惊。Lyinginapoolofbloodonthebasementfloor,Krugerfelthimselfgoingintoshock．躺在血泊中，克鲁格觉得自己快要休克了。（2007辽宁卷）【同根词拓展】shockedadj.感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人)；shockingadj.令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(主语多为物)11.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次几乎和第一次一样的强烈的地震震撼着唐山。（P26L24-25）【用法归纳】which引导定语从句(1)Which引导定语从句,在从句中做主语或宾语，当宾语时可以省去，但做介词宾语时不可省去。(2)which作主语指它前面的整个句子，不可用that代替，强调结果。Pleasepassmethebookwhichislyingonthetable.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。Thenovel

whichTomboughtisveryinteresting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。Canyoulendmethemagazineaboutwhichyoutalkedyesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗？12.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。（P26L25-26）13.Peoplebegantowonder

howlongthedisasterwouldlast.人们开始感到疑惑，这场灾难还会持续多久。（P26L27）

（1）wondervt.

想知道；对……感到好奇／疑惑。常用句型：wonder+who/when/how/why引导宾语从句“想知道谁/何时/如何/为何……？”Iwonderathisbeautifulsinging．他优美的歌声让我感到很惊讶。Iwonderwhoheis,wherehecamefromandwhyhecame.我很想知道他是谁，从哪来，来干什么。Doyoueverstoptowonderwhyyou’regoingtocollege?你停下来想过为什么要上大学吗?（2009四川卷）（2）Iwonderif/whether(礼貌的请求)能请……吗；我可以……吗？Iwonderifyoucanhelpme．不知你是否能帮我。（2010天津卷）【拓展延伸】（1）作名词，意为“奇迹;奇事；感到疑惑的事”常用句型：①It’sawonderthat…

奇怪的是……；令人惊奇的是……。②(It’s)nowonder(that)…难怪……;不足为奇……。TheGreatWallisoneofthegreatwonderstheChinesepeoplehaveworked.长城是中国人民创造的伟大奇迹之一。

It’sawonderthatyoudidn'tloseyourwayinthedark．你在黑暗中居然没有迷路，这