2021-2022学年高中英语假期巩固强化 History and Traditions专训（原卷）

2021-2022学年高中英语假期巩固强化

必修第二册Unit4HistoryandTraditions整合专训（原卷）

I.重点单词

1.________________n.个人adj.单独的；个别的

2.________________n.首领；酋长a4最重要的

3.________________".诗人

4.________________n.祖宗；祖先

5.________________n.战斗；战役仇搏斗；奋斗

6.________________n.金额；数量

7.________________n.位置；职位；姿态

8.________________n.风景

9.________________n.大海；海洋

10.________________n.风俗；习惯

11.________________vi.&vt.（使）翻滚；（使）滚动九卷（轴）

12.________________Vt.保证；确保；担保

13.________________adj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的

14.________________adj.灵活的；可变通的

15.________________adv.因此；所以

16.________________adj.军事的；军用的

n.拓展单词

1._________n.防御；保卫；-__________。.保护；保卫一__________M.防御性的

2.________”.围绕；包围f________〃力周围的；附近的f_________n.（p/.）周围的事物；环境

3.________n.证据；证明f________〃力明显的

4.________n.成就；成绩；达到一________”.取得；完成；达到

5.________〃.地方；地点；位置一________u.找出……的位置，把・设置在f________adj.Gk

于；坐落在

6.________,砂.法律的；合法的f________非法的

7.________”.宣布；述说f________n.宣告；通告；公告f________72.广播员

8.________。力•.慷慨的；宽宏大量f________〃.慷慨，大方f_________4而.慷慨地；大方地

9.________.热切的；渴望的f_______。血.渴望地；热切地f_____一n.渴望；热心；热切

10._______,（和某人）结婚；嫁；娶f________〃力•.已婚的f________n.结婚；婚姻

联想拓展

“极好的”系列

①malchless

②wonderful

③excellent

©superb

⑤great

©classic

后缀ous的形容词荟萃

①dangerous危险的

②mountainous多山的

③courageous勇敢的

©poisonous有毒的

⑤luxurious奢华的

⑥humorous幽默的

in,核心短语

脱离；背叛；逃脱

2._________________________属,「

3._________________________同（一样也）；和；还

4._________________________把……和……连接起来

5._________________________留心，注意，警觉

6._________________________导致

7._________________________追溯到

8._________________________认为……是……

9._________________________接管，掌管

10._________________________组成，编造，弥补

联想拓展

名词-ence变为-ent形容词

absence-*absent

silence-*silent

dil'ference->different

patience-patient

convenience-*convenient

independence-*independent

to的常用搭配

①stickto坚持

②objectto对...反对

③leaderto领导者

④beaddictedto沉迷于

⑤getdownto开始干；着手做

⑥lookforwardto盼望；期待

IV.重点句型

1.if条件状语从句的省略形式

Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,(如果有的话)？

2.theway后接定语从句

TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchanged

_________________________________.(人们建造房屋的方式)。

3.everywhere引导地点状语从句

Almost(无论你走到英国的哪个地方)，youwillbesurroundedby

evidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.

高频考点探究

I.核心词汇

1.surroundvt•围绕;包围

【教材原句】

AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifTerentgroupsof

peoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.

几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。

(l)besurroundedby...被...包围、环绕

(2)surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.和某人/某物在一起

⑶surrounding的.周围的；附近的

(4)surroundingsn.环境

【练透考点】语段填空

①Hemovedtoanewhousebymountains.Hishousewasverybeautiful.Hewasverysatisfied

withthesceneryandwouldsoonadaptedhimselftothenew(surround).

②句式升级

Hefoundthathisdaughterwassurroundedbylettersandbooksandshelookedveryworried.(分词做宾补)

-*Hefoundhisdaughterlettersandpapers,(look)veryworried.

【佳句背诵】

Surroundyourselfwithupliftedindividualswhochallengeyoutobebetterwhilelovingyouforwhoyou

are.

让自己周围充满振奋的人，他们向你挑战，让你变得更好，同时因为你本身而喜欢你。

2.evidencen.证据；证明

【典型例句】

Ilisevidentthateducationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.

很明显，年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。

(l)Thereissome/noevidencethat...

(没)有证据证明……

inevidence显眼；显而易见

(2)evidentadj.明显的；明白的

It'sevidentthat...很明显...

(3)evidentlyadv.显然；明显地；清楚地

【练透考点】单句语法填空

①Hisfootprintswereclearlyintheheavydust,whichistheevidencethathehadcomehere

before(evidence).

②Shewalkedslowlydowntheroad,inpain(evident).

(3)Hewassoondeepinmeditation,andwasevidentthatthelongerhethought,themorehewas

bothered.

©Povertyandbadhousingconditionsaremuchevidenceintheremotecountryside.

【佳句背诵】

Itisevidentthatthisexperiencewillbecomeapleasantmemory.显然，这次经历将成为一个愉快的回忆。

3.chargen.收费；指控；主管；vt.收费；控告；充电

【教材原句】

JudyandIhadourcarparkedinanundergroundcarparknearTrafalgarSquare,wherewecouldgetourcar

batterycharged.

朱迪和我把我们的汽车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充

电。

(l)chargesb.moneyfor(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人收取费用

chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事

(2)takechargeof主管/负责...

inchargeof负责/掌管...

inthechargeof由...负责

【练透考点】一词多义

①Afterbeingquestionedbythepolice,shewasreleasedwithoutcharge.

©Deliveryisfreeofcharge.

③Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthecompanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.

@Theatmospherewaschargedwithexcitement.

【佳句背诵】

Theairwaschargedwithsilenceandfrost.

万籁寂静，满天霜气。

4.approachn.方法；途径；接近；vt.接近；接洽；着手处理；vi.靠近

【教材原句】

Itwashardtoapproachthepaintingasthereweresomanypeoplearound.

周围有那么多人，所以很难接近那幅画。

(l)makeanapproachto对...进行商谈

(2)theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)某事的方法/途径

(3)theapproachofsth.某事的来临

atone*sapproach在某人快到时

【练透考点】单句语法填空

①Hecameupwithseveralapproachessolvingtheproblem,butsomewerenotpractical.

©Absorbedinpainting,hedidn'tnoticeevening(approach).

©Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanfrombehindandplantedherselfrightin

frontofmyview(approach).

【熟词生义】

What'sthebestwayofapproachingthisproblem?

着手处理；对付

【佳句背诵】

[2018•全国卷II[China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhilefeedingitscitizensoffersuseful

lessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.

中国既能保护环境、又能养活自己的国民的方法为全世界的农业和粮食决策者提供了有益的经验。

5.crowdn.人群；一群人；民众；vt・挤满；使...拥挤

【教材原句】

Davecouldnotfindaseatintheroom.Itwasverycrowded.

戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。

(l)crowdin(想法、问题等)涌上心头；

涌入脑海

(2)crowdintoone'smind/head=crowdinonsb.

涌上心头；涌入脑海

acrowdof一群...

crowdinto...涌入/挤进...

crowded。力拥挤的；挤满的；塞满的

(3)becrowdedwith挤满了

【练透考点】单句语法填空

①[2019•浙江卷]AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestcrowdedsmalltreesthat

competewithbigtreesforresources.

(2)1ranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterribleontheroadsaboveas

theytraveledtoandfromwork(crowd).

©Naturally,accidentswillhappenonsucharoad,andusuallyvictimsaresomefiles,goneforever

(crowd).

【佳句背诵】

Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdeduponmymindasiftheyhadjusthappened.

童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，好像刚刚发生似的。

II.核心短语

6.breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱

【教材原句】

Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefull

namewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南

部脱离了英国，这导致了我们今天拥有的(英国的)全名呈现为：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

【拓展延伸】

breakdown损坏；分解；(汽车)抛锚

breakin非法闯入；插嘴，打断

breakinto破门而入，非法闯入；

突然……起来

breakoff打断；折断；中断(说话)

breakout(战争、火灾、疾病等)

突然发生，爆发

breakthrough冲突；突破

breakup分解；终结

【练透考点】单句语法填空

©Thetigerbrokeawaythecageandfledintotheforest.

②ThecomputersystemsuddenlybrokewhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.

③Theauthoritiesurgedpeopletostockuponnecessitiesincasethewarbroke.

(4)uThereisnofuturebetweenus,soIwanttobreak,“saidthegirltoherboyfriend.

@Wehadtobreakthehouseaswehadlostthekey.

【佳句背诵】

Tounproveyourstudy,youshouldfirstbreakawayfromyourbadstudyhabits.为了改善你的学习，你首

先应该改掉你学习上的坏习惯。

7.belongto属于

【教材原句】

ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.

所属英国的四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。

(l)belongingsn.财产；所有物；亲戚

(2)belongto中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形

式为“…belongingto”。

【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子

①Beforegettingoff,pleasecheckwhetheryourareleftonthedriftingboat.

②Asisknowntous,Americaisacountrytothedevelopedcountry.

③孩子小的时候教他们把东西放在应该放的地方是个好习惯。

It'sagoodhabittoteachchildrentoleavethingswhentheyareyoung.

④我们高度评价这个观点，就是文化遗产属于全人类而不是个人。

Wethinkhighlyoftheviewthatculturalrelicsratherthanindividuals.

【写作金句】

Ibelievesuccessbelongstothosewhomakeconstantefforts.

我相信成功属于那些不断努力的人。

8.keepone'seyesopen(for)留心；留意

【教材原句】

Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.

如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。

【拓展延伸】

keepaneyeon照看，照管；留心注意

looksb.intheeye（s）直视别人

haveaneyefor对...有判断力/鉴赏力

catchsb.*seye吸引某人的注意

【练透考点】完成句子

①我正在做作业，这时一只小鸟吸引了我的注意力。

Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenabird.

②我离开的时候你能不能帮我看一下行李？

CouldyoumyluggagewhileFmaway?

③请留意寻找机会，因为机会不等人。

Pleaseforopportunitiesfortheywaitfornoone.

④大家都相信只要有一双欣赏美的眼睛，美在校园里无处不在。

Itisbelievedincommonthatbeautyexistseverywhereonthecampusaslongasyou

_________________________it.

⑤你能问心无愧地看着我说你没撒谎吗？

Canyouandtellmeyou'renotlying?

HL典型句式精析

9.AlmosteverywherjyoqgQjQjhg]LJK,youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroups

ofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹

象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。

【典型例句】

Aftertheearthquake,everywheretheylooked,nearlyeverythingwasdestroyed

地震之后，无论他们往哪里看，几乎一切都被摧毁。

【句式分析】

句中everywhereyougointheUK为everywhere引导的地点状语从句，相当于whereveryougointhe

UKo

引导地点状语从句的连词有：where（在...地方），wherever（无论哪里，在任何地方），everywhere（每

.....地方，到处），anywhere（任何地方）。

everywhere也可以做副词，做地点状语。

【练透考点】完成句子

①无论他走到哪里，他都受到热烈欢迎。

,hereceivedawarmwelcome.

②他喜欢这个城市的原因是到处都有公园。

Thereasonwhyhelikesthecityisthat.

③有志者，事竟成。

______________________________________,thereisaway.

④她所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。

，therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.

⑤你可以去任何你想去的地方。

Ybucango.

10.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchanged

the_way_people_|niilt_hoiises・

他们引进了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。

【典型例句】

Thewaythat/whichwasofferedbyhimtodotheexperimentwasdifferentfromthewaythatyoucarried

itout.

他提供的做这个实验的方式不同于你做它的方式。

【句式分析】

句中的theway后为省略了关系词that/inwhich的定语从句。

(l)theway后面的定语从句，关系词若在从句中作状语，相当于“用这种方式/方法(=inthisway)”时,

通常不用关系词，偶尔用that,在较正式的文体里才用inwhich来引导。

(2)theway后不能用how引导定语从句，但也可以不用theway,而直接用how引导的名词性从句

来表达这类意思。

【练透考点】完成句子

①topreventthewaterpollutionwasverypopularinthatarea.

他想到的阻止水污染的方法在那个地区广受欢迎。

②Onlybychangingroughlycanwegetalongwellwithit.

只有通过改变我们对待环境的粗暴方式我们才能与它和谐共生。

【知识拓展】

Theway后不能用how引导定语从句，但可以用how引导的名词性从句来表达。

That'sthewayhedidit.=That'showhedidit.

【佳句背诵】

Weallappreciatethewaythattheancienttownprotectsittraditionalculturesandcustomsfrombeing

abandoned.

我们都非常欣赏这个古代城镇保护自己传统文化和习俗免于被遗弃的方式。

I.高考能力同步化——单句语法填空

1.Aswellas(look)atexhibits,visitorscanplaywithcompute*simulations(模拟)andimagine

themselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryorwalkingthrougharainforest.

2.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongaparticulargroup.

3.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds(surround)themountain

tops,hewasreducedtotears.

4.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsand

(achieve).

5.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,"sheherself(defence).

6.isevidentthateducationoftheyoungisvitaltothefutureofacountry.

7.Facinguptoyourproblemsisthebestapproachto(work)thingsout.

8.Hisspeech(greet)withastormofapplause.

9.Itwasgeneroushimtocontributealotofmoneytotheruralschools.

10.ItsmygreathonorthatIamrunningforchairmanoftheStudents*Union(announcement).

II.必备知识试题化——选词填空

leavebehind,resultin,breakawayfrom,belongto,takeover

1.Nowadaysmanyfarmerswanttothelandandmakealivingincities.

2.Whenyougocamping,pleasedonotanytrash.

3.Asoneofthemostdeadlynaturaldisastersintheworld,earthquakesoftenmanypeoplebeing

injuredorkilled.

4.Whenshefellillherdaughterthebusinessfromher.

5.Wisdomme,emptinessdoesnotbelongtome,tograspeverymoment,andIamnexttoa

beautifulagreement.

川.教材语篇高考化——语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,Englandrefertothesamecountry.Manypeopleareconfused

bythem,but1.(get)toknowalittlebitaboutitshistorywillhelpsolvethepuzzle.

In2.16thcentury,WaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Then,Scotland,andthenthe

KingdomofIrelandjoinedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.However,inthe20th

century,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway3.theUK,resultinginthefullnamewehavetoday.

Thefourcountriesusethesameflagandsharethesamecurrencyandmilitary4.(defend)buttheyalso

havedifferenteducationandlegalsystems.TheUKhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,5.can

helpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryand6.tiaditions.TheRomans,theAnglo-Saxons,the

VikingsandtheNormansallconqueredtheUK,whichmade7.(change)toit.ThecapitalcityLondon

isagreatplace8.(start),asitshistorycandatebacktoRomantimes.TheUKisa9.

(fascinate)mixofhistoryandmodernculture.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,you10.(surprise)tofindthat

youcanseebothitspastanditspresent.

课时阅读综合练

I.阅读理解

A

Inspring,chickensstartlayingagain,bringingawelcomesourceofproteinatwinter'send.Soit'snosurprise

thatculturesaroundtheworldcelebratespringbyhonoringtheegg.

Sometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedintoGreekEasterbreads.Othersclevalctheegg

intoafancyart,liketheheavilyjewel-covered“eggs”thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstartinginthe19th

century.

OneancientformofeggartcomestousfromUkraine.Forcenturies,Ukrainianshavebeendrawing

complicatedpatternsoneggs.Contemporaryartistshavefollowedthistraditiontocreateeggsthatspeaktothe

anxietiesofourage:Lifeisprecious,anddelicate.Eggsare,too.

uThere'ssomethingabouttheirdelicatenaturethatappealstome,“saysNewYbrkercartoonistRozChast.

Severalyearsago,shebecameinterestedineggsandlearnedthetraditionalUkrainiantechniquetodrawhervery

moderncharacters."I'vebrokeneggsateverystageoftheprocess—fromtheverybeginningtothevery,very

end.”

Butthere'sanappealinthatvulnerability（易损性）.uThere'spartofthissickeninghorrorofknowingyou're

walkingontheedgewiththis,thatIkindoflike,knowingthatitcouldallfallapartatanysecond."Chasts

designs,suchasaworriedmanaloneinatinyrowboat,reflectthatdelicateness.

TraditionalUkrainiandecoratedeggsalsospoketothosefears.Theelaboratepatternswerebelievedtooffer

protectionagainstevil.

aThere'sanancientlegendthataslongastheseeggsaremade,evilwillnotexistintheworld."saysJoan

Brander,aCanadianegg-painterwhohasbeenpaintingeggsforover60years,havinglearnedtheartfromher

Ukrainianrelatives.

1.Peopleinmanycultureshonortheeggbecause.

A.itistheirmajorsourceofproteininwinter

B.itisawelcomesignoftheapproachofspring

C.itcanbringwealthandhonortothem

D.itcaneasilybemadeintoaworkofart

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“elevate“inParagraph2mean?

A.carveB.promote

C.placeD.lower

3.WhydoesChastenjoytheprocessofdecoratingeggs?

A.Sheisneversurewhatthefinaldesignwilllooklikeuntiltheend.

B.Shealwaysachievesgreatpleasurefromdesigningsomethingnew.

C.Sheneverknowsiftheeggwillbreakbeforethedesigniscompleted.

D.Shebelievestherewon'tbeevilintheworldoncetheeggismade.

4.Thefollowingstatementsarerightexceptthat.

A.thedecorated“eggs"arefavoredasaformoffancyartinRussia

B.contemporaryartistsdrawoneggstoreflectanxietiesofpeopletoday

C.thedelicatenatureofeggsappealstoRozChast

D.eggsprovideahardanduniquesurfacetopainton

B

Foryears,manyAmericanshavethoughtofowningtheirhomeaspartoftheAmericandream,butwhether

thatincludesdividingasinglefamilyhomeintotwowillbetestedinsomecommunities,especiallyindense（密

集的）areas.

Samirah,alawmaker,proposedabilltolethomeownersdivideasinglefamilyhouseintotwohomes.

“Afterthelocalapprovalprocesstheycancreatetheirtwofamilies,“hesaid.That'shappeningonthewest

Coast,Oregonbeingthefirststateinthecountrytobansingle-familyzoninglastJuly.

Planningexpertsandlocalofficialssaytherearecoststodevelopinglandoutsidecities,includingharmful

effectsontheenvironmentandincreaseddemandforpublicservices.

Movingawayfromsingle-familyzoningwon'tbeeasy.Atsomelevel,thatdevelopmentpatternisuniquely

American.Peoplewhohavelivedandgrownupinsuburbandevelopmentshaveastrongpreferenceforthat.The

averagesizeofAmericanhouseshasdoubledsincethe1950s.In2019,theaveragesizeofanewsinglefamily

homewas240squaremeters.Americansclearlyliketheirspace,80%ofthosequestionedsayingtheydesirea

separatesingle-familyhome.

Lotsofyoungerhouseholdsarelookingforsmallerhomesinwalkableneighborhoods.uIncreasingly,the

developmentcommunityisbeginningtorecognizethatandthinkingaboutwaystobuildthoseenvironments,“

saysRobertParker,adirectorattheUniversityofOregon.

Samirahexpectssomepeoplewillworrytheirneighborhoodscouldbecomelessdesirable.Buthesays

changingtheruleswillgivepeopleachancetomakemoneyfromrentingoutpartsoftheirhome.Andforolder

Americansonafixedincome,bringinginmoremoneymayhelpthemstayinplace.

Samirahaddsthatthesuburbanwayoflifeisgoingtobethereforgenerations.

5.WhatdidSamirahputforward?

A.Abillallowingpeopletodividefamilyhouses.

B.Aprocessforlocalstogetapprovalforshelters.

C.Astrictbanonbuildingsingle-familyhouses.

D.AsuggestiontodevelopsuburbanareasintheUS.

6.Whyisitdifficulttochangesinglefamilyhouses?

A.Landisscarcefortheconstructionofmanycottages.

B.Theaveragesizeofsinglehouseshasbeenreduced.

C.MostAmericanswouldn'trentpartoftheirhouses.

D.AmajorityofAmericansprefersinglefamilyhouses.

7.WhatcanweinferfromRobert'swords?

A.HehassucceededrealizinghisAmericandream.

B.Hewantsthesuburbanwayoflifetogoonforlong.

C.He'shopefulofthefutureofdividingfamilyhouses.

D.Heseestheharmofsinglehousestotheen