新教材2024版高中英语Unit5FirstAidSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage学生用书新人教版选择性必修第二册

SectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage每/日/金/句：Iholdthefirmbeliefthathavingaknowledgeoffirstaidisofvitalimportance.我坚信懂得急救学问是至关重要的。课堂提升素养探究新知发展语言学问1(教材P53)Whenhegotoutofthebathtub,heslippedandfellonthefloor.当他从浴缸里出来时，他滑倒在地板上。◎slipvi.滑倒；滑落；溜走vt.静静塞；快速放置；摆脱n．滑倒；小错误；纸条slipaway逃走；静静溜走slipup疏忽；不当心出差错slipinto溜进slipoutof静静溜出[佳句]Seeinganelderlymanslipontheground,Iimmediatelyhelpedhimtohisfeet.看到一位老人摔倒在地，我立即扶他站起来。[练通]——单句语法填空①Thechild________(slip)andfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.②Itwassuchagoodchance.Howcouldsheletitslip________？[写美]——读后续写之动作描写③就是在他爸爸睡觉的时候，小男孩溜出了他的房间。Itwaswhilehisfatherwassleepingthattheboy________________．2(教材P53)Afterarriving,theambulanceteamquicklyfoundMrsTaylorandwithoutdelaygaveheroxygen...救援队到达之后，很快就发觉了泰勒夫人，然后立即给她输氧……◎delayvi.&vt.推迟；延期(做某事)vt.耽搁；耽搁n．延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟(1)delaydoingsth.推迟做某事(2)withoutdelay毫不延迟地，立即(3)delayedadj.延时的，定时的[佳句]Allofthemwereamazed,andtheywantedtohaveatryforthemselveswithoutdelay.他们特别惊异，都坚决坚决地想亲自尝试一下。[练通]——单句语法填空①Hedelayed________(tell)herthebadnews,waitingfortherightmoment.②Whenthe________(delay)flightwilltakeoffdependsontheweather.[写美]——读后续写佳句③她立即跳下车，毫不耽搁地向萨姆跑去。Immediately,shejumpedoutofhercarandrantoSam________________．语法专项突破复习v.-ing形式[自主感知]①Italsohelpscontrolyourbodytemperature,preventsyourbodyfromlosingtoomuchwater,warnsyouwhenthingsaretoohotorcold,andgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.②Asyoucanimagine,gettingburntcanleadtoveryseriousinjuries.③Thefirstandmostimportantstepinthetreatmentofburnsisgivingfirstaid.④Placeburnsundercoolrunningwater,especiallywithinthefirsttenminutes.⑤Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.⑥Ifyouseesomeonechoking,firstcalltheemergencyservices.[自我发觉]1．句①中的v.-ing形式在句中作________；2．句②中的v.-ing形式在句中作________；3．句③中的v.-ing形式在句中作________；4．句④中的v.-ing形式在句中作________；5．句⑤中的v.-ing形式在句中作________；6．句⑥中的v.-ing形式在句中作________。[语法规则]一、v.-ing形式的时态、语态及意义时态语态意义一般式主动式doing与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生或基本上同时发生被动式beingdone与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生完成式主动式havingdone与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且先于谓语动作发生被动式havingbeendone与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生◆Theparkwasfullofpeople,enjoyingthemselvesinthesunshine.公园里到处都是人，他们在阳光下玩得很欢乐。◆Havingfinishedherhomework,thelittlegirlbegantowatchTV.做完作业后，这个小女孩起先看电视。◆Havingbeenwarnedbytheteacher,thestudentsdidn'tmakesuchmistakes.被老师警告之后，学生们不再犯这样的错误了。[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空①________(tell)manytimes,hestillmadethesamesillymistake.②________(do)quitewellintheexam,hecamebackhome,relaxedandsmiling.③Sheisveryproudandcan'tstand________(look)downupon.④________(wait)intherainforhalfanhour,theaudiencebegantofeelimpatient.二、v.-ing形式作状语v．-ing形式作状语可以表示时间、缘由、条件、方式或伴随、结果、让步状况等。1．时间状语v．-ing形式作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when、while、after引出。◆Hearingthebadnewsthathisfatherpassedaway,heburstintotears.＝Whenheheardthebadnewsthathisfatherpassedaway,heburstintotears.听到他父亲去世的消息时，他突然哭了起来。2．缘由状语v．-ing形式作缘由状语时，相当于一个缘由状语从句，可以与as、since、because等引导的缘由状语从句转换。◆Beingsoexcited,hecouldn'tgotosleepthatnight.＝Ashewassoexcited,hecouldn'tgotosleepthatnight.由于特别激烈，那晚他没睡着。◆Notcomingontime,hewaspunished.＝Becausehedidn'tcomeontime,hewaspunished.因为没有按时到，他受到了惩处。3．条件状语v．-ing形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句，可以与if、unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。◆Workinghard,youwillsucceed.＝Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.努力工作，你将会胜利。◆Notmakinggooduseofthetime,you'llregret.＝Ifyoudon'tmakegooduseofthetime,you'llregret.假如不好好利用时间，你会懊悔的。4．方式或伴随状语v．-ing形式作方式或伴随状语时，表示行为方式、伴随状况或补充说明，不行以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。◆Theteacherstoodthere,readinganewspaper.＝Theteacherstoodthere,andreadanewspaper.老师站在那里，读着报纸。◆Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.＝Helayonthegrass,andstaredattheskyforalongtime.他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。5．结果状语v．-ing形式作结果状语时，表示必定的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简洁句，有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。◆Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainedsomenewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.＝Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainedsomenewmedicalequipment,whichallowsmorepatientstobetreated.这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。6．让步状语v．-ing形式作让步状语时，相当于一个让步状语从句，可以与although、though引导的让步状语从句转换。◆Havingfailedmanytimes,hedidn'tloseheart.＝Thoughhehadfailedmanytimes,hedidn'tloseheart.尽管失败了很多次，他照旧没有失去信念。[温馨提示](1)v.-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必需和主句的主语一样；假如不一样，必需用独立主格结构表示，也就是在前面加上它的逻辑主语。◆Springcoming,thefieldisfulloflife.春天来了，田野充溢朝气。◆Theteacherbeingill,thelecturewasputoff.老师病了，讲座被推迟了。(2)固定的v.-ing形式作状语中学阶段有一些固定的v.-ing形式，如generallyspeaking(一般来说)、judgingfrom...(依据……来推断)、considering...(考虑到……)、supposing...(假如……)等，它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一样。这类词或短语可以被称之为句子的状语，也可当作一个插入语。◆Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.从他的腔调来看，他确定来自加拿大。◆Consideringhowpoorhewas,wedecidedtolethimattendtheconcertforfree.考虑到他是那么穷，我们确定让他免费听音乐会。[巧学活用2]——句型转换①Whenshesawthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.→____________________，sherememberedherchildhood.②BecauseIdon'tknowhisaddress,Ican'tsendthisbooktohim.→____________________，Ican'tsendthisbooktohim.③Ifyouuseyourhead,you'llhaveagoodidea.→____________________，you'llhaveagoodidea.④ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalksandaddedthathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.→ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____________________________．⑤Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,whichresultedinanincreaseinproduction.→Anumberofnewmachineswereinstalledinthefactory,______________________________．三、v.-ing形式作主语v．-ing形式可以在句中作主语，此时也可称为动名词。◆Readingaloudisagoodwaytolearnalanguage.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。◆Beingblamedforthebreakdownofthecomputermademequitefrustrated.由于电脑坏掉而受到指责使我特别懊丧。[温馨提示]v.-ing形式在句中作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把v.-ing形式放在句后。常用句型：Itis＋nouse/nogood/fun...＋doingsth.。◆Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。◆It'snogoodplayingcomputergamestoomuch.玩太多的电脑嬉戏没好处。[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空①________(work)withJaneinthesameofficehelpedmetogetagoodunderstandingofherindependentworkingstyle.②It'snouse________(complain)withouttakingaction.③________(invite)tothepartywasagreathonourtothefamily.四、v.-ing形式作表语v．-ing形式作表语说明主语的性质特征或详细内容。常见的有moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等。◆Theargumentisveryconvincing.这个论点很令人信服。◆Yourspeechisveryinterestingandencouraging.你的演讲很好玩而且很鼓舞人。◆Herjobiskeepingthelecturehallascleanaspossible.＝Keepingthelecturehallascleanaspossibleisherjob.她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。[巧学活用4]——单句语法填空①Goingintohospitalcanbevery________(frighten)forachild.②Henry'sjobis________(teach)physicsinalocalmiddleschool.③Yourtaskis________(clean)theoldcaroverthereonyourown.④Thetripisvery________(excite),andwehavedecidedtohaveasimilarone.五、v.-ing形式作宾语v．-ing形式既可作动词宾语，又可作介词宾语。1．v.-ing形式作动词宾语◆IhopeyouwillconsidertravellingtoChinawhenyouarefree.我希望你在有空的时候考虑来中国旅行。◆Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.我建议用一种不同的方法做这件事。2．v.-ing形式作介词宾语◆Heinsistedonsettlingtheconflictinapeacefulway.他坚持以和平方式解决冲突。◆Iamlookingforwardtobeingadmittedtoakeyuniversity.我盼望着被一所重点高校录用。[巧学助记]口诀记忆只跟v.-ing形式作宾语的动词避开错过少延期(avoid、miss、postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest、finish、practise)宠爱想象禁不住(enjoy、imagine、can'thelp)承认否定与嫉妒(admit、deny、envy)躲避冒险莫宽恕(escape、risk、excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand、keep、mind)[巧学活用5]——单句语法填空①Thekeyto________(solve)theproblemistomeetthedemandmadebythecustomers.②Hedevoteshimselfto________(look)intothematter.③Shelikesspendingmuchmoney________(buy)clothesforherself.④Givingupyourplanmeans________(lose)alargeamountofmoney.⑤Allofusstopped________(talk)whenwesawourteachercomein.六、v.-ing形式作宾语补足语v．-ing形式作宾语补足语时，表示一个正在进行的主动动作或一种状态，作宾语补足语的v.-ing形式与其前的宾语存在逻辑上的主动关系。1．表示感觉和心理状态的动词，即“感官动词(组)”，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。◆Isawthelittleboycryingthere.我看到那个小男孩正在那儿哭。◆Whenwereturned,wefoundastrangerstandinginfrontofthehouse.当我们回来时，我们发觉一个生疏人正站在房子前面。[温馨提示]v.-ing形式和不定式作宾语补足语的区分在see,hear,feel,watch,notice等感官动词后，既可用v.-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不带to的不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有确定的区分。(1)用v.-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行◆Hesawagirlgettinginthecaratthattime.那时他望见一个女孩正在上车。(2)用不带to的不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。◆Hesawagirlgetinthecar.他望见一个女孩上了车。2.表示“叫、让、使”等指使意义的动词，即“使役动词”，常见的有have,set,keep,get,leave等。◆It'sverycold.Weshouldhavethefireburningallthetime.天很冷。我们应当让火始终燃烧着。◆Wecan'thavetheyoungmanspeakingtohismotherinsucharudemanner.我们不能让那个年轻人用如此无礼的方式跟他的母亲说话。3．用于“with复合结构”中，其结构和表示意义如下：with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)；with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)；with＋宾语＋todo(表示将来)。◆Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.这么多人看着她，她感到惊惶。◆Withmyproposaldeclined,Iwasinlowspirits.由于我的提议被拒绝，我心情很低落。◆Withsomuchworktodo,hewasnearlyindespair.有如此多的工作要做，他几乎无望了。[巧学活用6]——单句语法填空/句型转换①Ifeltsomeone________(pat)meontheshoulder.②Whenhepassedtheswimmingpool,hesawsomeone________(swim)init.③IheardMary________(sing)asonginthenextroomlastnight.④Astimepassesby,wewillhaveabetterandbetterlife.→____________________，wewillhaveabetterandbetterlife.⑤Istoodonthebridgeandwatchedboatswerepassingby.→Istoodonthebridgeand____________________．七、v.-ing形式作定语v．-ing形式作后置定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表示被修饰词所进行的动作，相当于一个定语从句。1．前置定语(放在所修饰的名词前)v．-ing形式作前置定语表示被修饰词的某种用途或者正在进行的动作。◆InsummerIoftenswimintheswimmingpool.(表示用途)夏天我常常在游泳池里游泳。◆Sheglancedatthesleepingchildandthenhurriedaway.(表示正在进行)她瞥了一眼睡着的孩子，随即匆忙离开了。2．后置定语(放在所修饰的名词后)v．-ing形式作后置定语时，相当于一个定语从句，可以与that，which，who等引导的定语从句转换。◆Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.＝Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.正在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。◆Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,rangingfrombutterfliestoelephants.＝Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,whichrangesfrombutterfliestoelephants.国家公园有很多的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象都有。◆Themeetingbeingheldnowisofgreatsignificance.＝Themeetingwhich/thatisbeingheldnowisofgreatsigni