2022年北外高翻同传试卷

2022年北外高翻同传试卷

I.Aradicalchangeinmentalitiesisunderwaybothinthepublicsector,whichhasnowbeenforcedtoadmitthatitsownmeansofactionarc

insufficienttomeettheirdevelopmenttargets,andtheprivatesector,whichisbecomingawareofitscapacitytocontributetothedeveloping

countries5emergenceontheworldstageintheroleoffuturepartnersinlocalandglobalmarkets.

Dialoguecanbeestablishedwithintheframeworkofanalreadyincreasingnumberofforums,aswellasinprojectformulation.Thepresenceof

othercivilsocietyactorsandsupportfromtheinternationalorganizations-asmuchinthethinkinganddebateasintheactionsundertaken-are

crucialfactorsorenablingpeopletomakesenseofthenewprospectsforcooperation.

Thenewtwenty-firstcenturyworldorderdemandsthatdecision-makingbeopeneduptodialoguewithnewactors.Civilsociety'sinnovative

energyhasalreadyproducedagoodnumberofimportantinitiativesandproposalsinmanyareas.Andthebusinessworldofferseconomic

resourcesandknow-howthatcangreatlycontributetodevelopmentstrategydeploymentandthepromotionofculturaldiversity.Thesearethe

reasonsbehindtheUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneraF'sdecisiontolaunchthe—GlobalCompactlprogramme,whichoutlinesabasiccodeof

ethicsforprivatesectorpartnership.UNESCOintendstoestablishculturalpatronageagreementswithbusinessesaimed,interalia,at

supportingtheinitiativesofcountriesintheSouth.

2.Economistshavelongbeenanaturalconstituencyinfavorofgrowth.Sinceeventherichestcountryhaslimitedresources,thecentral

economicproblemischoice:Shallwefundtaxcutsfortherichorinvestmentininfrastructureandresearchanddevelopment,warinIraqor

assistancefbrthepoorindevelopingcountriesandourown?Byprovidingmoretotalresources,growthshould,intheory,makethesechoices

lesspainful.

TheUnitedStates,however,haspowerfullydemonstratedthatwhilegrowthincreasessupply,italsoraisesaspirations.Choicesthatrich

countrieshavetomakethusseemtobenoeasierthanthoseconfrontingpoorcountries,eventhoughthetradeoffsaremoreheart-wrenchingin

thecaseofthepoor.Brazil,forexample,mustchoosewhethertouseitslimitedhealthbudgettopayfull-marketpriceforAIDSdrugs;some

AIDSvictimsmayliveasaresult,butpeopleinneedofotherhealthcarewilldie,becausemoneythatcouldhavebeenspentontheirneedsis

simplynotthere.Moregrowth-providedresources,inthisinstance,meanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

Still,growthhashaditscritics.Thereisawell-developedpopulistantigrowthliteratureconcernedwith,amongotherthings,theimpactof

growthontheenvironmentandonpoverty.

Historically,economistshavequestionedwhether,atleastintheearlystagesofdevelopment,growthisaccompaniedbysocietalgoodssuchas

greaterequalityandabetterenvironment.NobelPrize-winningeconomistSimonKuznetsargued,basedonexperienceslargelybeforeWorld

WarII,thatthereisanincreaseininequalityintheearlystagesofdevelopment.ArthurLewis,anotherNobeleconomist,wentfurther:greater

inequality,heargued,isnecessarytogeneratethesavingsthatgrowthrequires.Alatergenerationofeconomistshaspositedtheexistenceofan

environmentalKuznetscurve:theearlystagesofgrowthcauseenvironmentaldegradation,notenvironmentalhealth.

Kuznetsandhisdescendantsheldouttheprospectthateventuallygrowthwouldbringmoresocialjustice(greaterequality,lesspoverty)anda

betterenvironment.Butthereisnothinginevitableaboutthis-whichmeansthatevenifithasbeentrueinthepast,itmaynotbeinthefuture.

InequalitydidseemtofallintheUnitedStatesaftertheGreatDepression,butinthelast30yearsithasincreasedenormously.Manyformsof

pollutionhavegonedownasrichercountrieshaveturnedtheirmindtoair-qualityissues,butgreenhousegasemissions-withallthedangers

theypresentfbrglobalwarming-havecontinuedtoincreasewitheconomicgrowth,especiallyintheUnitedStates.

3.中国是欧亚地区重要的国家。中国的进展离不开世界，更离不开欧亚地区。同样，世界的进展、欧亚地区的进展也离不开中国。中

国的进展给世界各国尤其是欧亚地区国家带来重要机遇。中国稳定和谐的政治社会环境、丰富优秀的劳动力资源和潜力巨大的市场，

为与世界各国尤其是欧亚地区国家开展互利互惠的经济合作供给了抱负的场所。我们快活地看到，通过这些年的不懈努力，中国的中

西部地区和东北等老工业基地有了长足进步，呈现奇特的进展前景。我们欢送欧亚地区国家乐观参与中国西部大开发和东北老工业基

地振兴，增加中国与欧亚地区各国互利合作的生气与活力。欧亚地区国家与中国有传统友情，经济互补性强，中国政府将鼓舞、支持

中国企业与欧亚地区进展贸易、投资办厂，实现共同进展。

4.中国公司想制造世界品牌，外国公司想增加在中国的销量，这些都正转变着中国的设计产业。中国制造商意识到，假设他们想在本

国市场脱颖而出，在外国市场崭露头角，就必需设计更好的产品。索尼这样的外国公司也开头明白，从前海外公司常把任凭什么地方

设计的产品拿到中国来卖，而现在，中国消费者变得更加挑剔，他们不再那样简洁满足了。

尽管全球大量的电子产品和鞋等都是中国制造，但这些产品的设计都是在欧美或日本完成的。中国公司制造自己品牌的产品时，通常

是仿照国外。但如今不同了，他们都想开创自己的品牌。随着中国公司在设计上的改进，跨国公司意识到，他们的产品需要特地针对

中国消费者的品尝进展量身定做了。这些使中国设计产业开头富强起来。中国公司开头建立设计中心或雇人帮他们打造自己的品牌。成百

上千的设计参谋公司在上海、北京和广州涌现。国外年轻设计师也开头拥入中国，想在这个全球最有活力的消费市场上一试身手。现在，

中国约有400所学院供给设计课程，每年有1万名毕业生。一些中国设计师获得国际大奖，很多人开头到米兰、东京、纽约等地工作。

设计成为中国最热门的专业之一，甚至己渗入到社会生活中。

汉英口译分类词汇（02）-外经贸类词汇

澳严密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：

AustraliaNewZealandCloserEconomic

RelationsTradeAgreement

摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响shakeoffthe

impactofthefinancialcrisis

帮助人才脱颖而出helpexcellenttalents

findwaytodistinction

备件spareparts

部长级会议ministerialmeeting

实行乐观财政政策proactivefiscalpolicy

出口创汇型/外向型产.业export-oriented

industry

垂直兼并verticalmerger

倒爷profiteer

抵免offset

东盟自由贸易区AFTA：ASEANFree

TradeArea

东南亚国家联盟ASEAN：Associationof

South-EastAsianNations

对夕卜工程承包foreignprojectcontracting

反倾销措施anti-dumpingmeasures

against.......

防伪标志anti-fakelabel

放松银根easemonetarypolicy

非配额产品quota-freeproducts

非生产性投资investmenlin

non-productiveprojects

风险治理/评估riskmanagement/

assessment

风险基金venturecapital

风险预备金loanlossprovision/provisions

ofrisk

岗位培训on・the-jobtraining

港元的联系汇率制thelinkagesystem

betweentheUSdollarandtheHKdollar

搞活国有大中型企业revitalizelargeand

medium-sizedstateownedenterprises

工程工程engineeringproject

工业增加值industrialaddedvalue

公正合理equitableandrational

固定资产投资investmentinthefixed

assets

广开就业门路increaseemployment

opportunities;createjobsineverypossible

way;openupmorechannelsofemployment

规模经济scaleeconomy/economiesof

scale

国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned

cooperatives

国际清算inlernationalsettlement

国际收支平衡balanceofinternational

payments/balanceofpayment

国际收支不平衡disequilibriumofbalance

ofpayment

国家补贴publicsubsidies

国家鼓舞工程projectslistedasencouraged

bythestate

国家科技创体系StaleScientificand

TechnologicalInnovationSystem

国家现汇结存stateforeignexchange

reserves

合理引导消费guiderationalconsumption

横向兼^horizontalmerger

坏帐、呆帐、死帐badaccount/dead

account/uncollectibleaccount/baddebt/bad

loan

货币市场moneymarket

机构臃肿overstaffingin(government)

organizations

机构重置organizationaloverlapping

技工贸结合的科技型企业scientificand

technologicalenterprisesthatintegrate

scientificandtechnological

developmentwithindustrialandtrade

development

季节性调价seasonalpriceadjustments

既成事实established/accomplishedfacts

减免债务reduceandcanceldebts

建材buildingmaterials

进口环节税importlinkagetax

经常工程currentaccount

经常性的财政收入regularrevenues

竞价投标competitivebidding

就业前培训pre-jobtraining

控股公司holdingcompany

垃圾融资junkfinancing

劳动密集性企业labor-intensiveenterprises

劳务合作laborservicecooperation

累计实现顺差143.4美元accumulatively

realizingtradesurplus

利改税substitutionoftaxpaymentfor

profitdelivery

流淌人口floatingpopulation

龙头产品lagshipproduct

乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费unwarranted

poolingoffunds,arbitraryrequisitionof

donationsandexactionoffeesfrom

enterprises/unauthorizedpoolingoffunds,

compulsorydonationsandrandomlevieson

enterprises

慢性萧条chronicdepression

农业技术合作ATC：Agricultural

TechnicalCooperation

盘活存量资产revitalizestockassets

酉已件accessories

皮包公司flying-by-nightcompany;bogus

company

公平互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同进

展的方针pursuingpracticalresults,

adoptingvariouswaysandseekingcommon

development/theprincipleofequality,

mutualbenefit,efficiency,diversity

andmutualdevelopment

瓶颈制约"bottleneckrestrictions

企业的自我约束机制self-regulating

mechanismofenterprises

企业技术改造technologicalupdatingof

enterprises

企业亏损补贴subsidiestocoverenterprise

losses

企业所得税corporateincometax

千年问题、千年虫millenniumbug

抢得先机takethepreemptiveopportunities

清理、修订screenandmodify

求同存异overcomedifferencesandseek

commonground

商住和公益设施建设commercial,

residentialandpublicutilityconstruction

申报制度reportingsystem;income

declarationsystem

实行股份制enforcestockholdingsystem

实行国民待遇grantthenationaltreatment

to,treatforeigninvestorsasqualstothe

Chinesecounterparts

市场准人的行政治理措施AAMA

AdministrativeAspectsofMarketAccess

适销对路的产品readilymarketable

products

双重轨制iwo-tiersystem/double-track

system

水利waterconservation

全部制形式formsofownership

贪图安逸cravecomfortandpleasure

通货紧缩deflation

通货膨胀inflation

同步增长increaseinthesamepace

外援方式modalityofforeignaid

无氟冰箱freon-freerefrigerator

无纸交易paperlesstransaction

现代企业制度modemcorporatesystem

消费膨胀inflatedconsumption

协议投标negotiatedbidding

信息化informationize

形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场

establishanunified,openmarketwith

orderlycompetition

亚欧会议ASEM：Asia-EuropeMeeting

亚太法定计量论坛APLMF：AsiaPacific

LegalMetrologyForum

亚太工商询问理事会ABAC：APEC

BusinessAdvisoryCouncil

亚太计量程序APMP：AsiaPacific

MetrologyProgram

亚太经合组织部长级会议AMM：APEC

MinisterialMeeting

亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AELM：

APECEconomicLeadersMeeting

亚太经济合作组织APEC：Asia-Pacific

EconomicCooperation

亚太能源争辩中心APERC：AsiaPacific

EnergyResearchCenter

亚太商业论坛ABF：APECBusiness

Forum

亚太商业网络APB-Net：Asia-Pacific

BusinessNetwork

亚太试验室认可合作APLAC：AsiaPacific

LaboratoryAccreditationCooperation

亚太通讯与数据系统ACDS：APEC

CommunicationsandDatabaseSystem

亚太信息根底设施APII：Asia-Pacific

InformationInfrastructure

亚太中小企业技术沟通与培训中心

ACTETSME：APECCenterforTechnology

ExchangeandTrainingforSmalland

MediumEnterprises

亚洲开发银行ADB:AsianDevelopment

Bank

以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度

implementanautomaticregistrationsystem

offoreigntradingrightsonatrialbasis

营业税turnovertax

在稳固公有制主体地位的同时，促进多种

全部制经济共同进展alongsidefortifying

thestatusofthepublicownershipasthe

mainstay,itisalsoencouragedtowitness

commondevelopmentofdifferentsystems

ofownership

债转股debt-to-equityswap

中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施

条例ImplementationRulesoftheP.R.C.on

theProtectionofInvestmentsby

CompatriotsfromTaiwan

中介效劳组织intermediaryservice

organization

注入的生气与活力bringnewvigorand

vitalityinto

转化经营机制changethemethodof

operation

资本工程capitalaccount

自2022年1月1日起实行comeinto

officialenforcementasofJanuary1,2022

自由浮动汇率freefloatingexchangerate;

variableexchangerate

自主经营，自负盈亏responsiblefortheir

ownmanagementdecisions,profitsand

losses

走上良性进展的轨道goingonthetrackof

soundprogress

shippingservicecompany自。务公司

genericproducts非商标(非专利)产品

prudentmonetarypolicy稳健的货币政策

deficitspending超前消费

runonbanks(到银行)挤兑

domesticsupporttoagriculture对农业的

国内支持

specialbonds特种债券

economyofabundance富有经济

Animal-basedprotein动物源性蛋白

dualpurposeexports军民两用品出口

dual-usegoodsandtechnology军民两用产

品和技术

NAFTANorthAmericanFreeTradeAreal匕

美自由贸易区

globalquota全球酉己额grandfather

clause祖父条款AnimaLderived

food动物源食品EVSL(Early

VoluntarySectoral

Liberalization)部门提前自愿自由化

TILF(TradeandInvestmentLiberalization

andFacilitation)贸易和投资自由化和便利

化

常见缩略：

C&F(cost&freight)本钱加运费价

T/T(telegraphictransfer)电汇

D/P(documentagainstpayment)付款交单

D/A(documentagainstacceptance)承兑交

单

C.O(certificateoforigin)一般原产地证

G.S.P.(generalizedsystemofpreferences)普

惠制

CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱

PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等

DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元

DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打

PKG(package)一包,一捆，一扎，一件等

WT(weight)重量

G.W.(grossweight)毛重

N.W.(netweight)净重

(customsdeclaration)报关单

EA(each)每个，各

W(with)具有

w/o(without及有

FAC(facsimile)

IMP(import)进口

EXP(export)出口

MAX(maximum)最大的、最大限度的

MIN(minimum)最小的，最低限度

M或MED(medium)中等，中级的

M/V(merchantvessel)商船

S.S(steamship)船运

MT或M/T(metricton)公吨

DOC(document)文件、单据

INT(international)国际的

P/L(packinglist)装箱单、明细表

INV(invoice)发票

PCT(percent)百分比

REF(reference)参考、查价

EMS(expressmailspecial)特快传递

STL.(style)式样、款式、类型

T或LTX或TX(lelex)电传

RMB(renminbi)人民币

S/M(shippingmarks)装船标记

PR或PRC(price)价格

PUR(purchase)购置、购货S/C

(salescontract)销售确认书L/C

(letterofcredit)信用证B/L

(billoflading)提单

FOB(freeonboard)离岸价

CIF(cost,insurance&freight)本钱、保险

加运费价

GMO(geneticallymodifiedorganism)转基

因组织

CAGA(compoundannualgrowthaverage)

年复合增长率

口译笔译分类词汇〔03)至革开放词汇

保险业Theinsuranceindustry

保证重点支出Ensurefundingforpriorityareas

被兼并或挤掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness

补发拖欠的养老金Clearuppensionpaymentsinarrears

不良贷款Non—performingloan

层层转包和违法分保Multi-levelcontractingandillegalsubcontracting

产值outputvalue

城乡信用社CreditCooperativeinbothurbanandruralareas

城镇居民最低生活保障Aminimumstandardoflivingforcityresidents

城镇职工医疗保险制度Thesystemofmedicalinsuranceforurbanworkers

抽样调查datafromthesamplesurvey

出口信贷Exportcredit

初步建立社会主义打算商品经济体制。toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodity

economy.

贷款质量Loanquality

贷款质量五级分类方法Thefive-categoryassetsclassificationforbankloans

其次产业secondaryindustry

第三产业tertiaryindustry

第一产业primaryindustry

独资企业whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise

发电量electricenergyproduction

发挥市场的调整作用togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket

进展过快excessivegrowth

防范和化解金融风险Takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks

防洪工程Flood-preventionproject

非法夕卜汇交易Illegalforeignexchangetransaction

非公有成分non-publicsectors

非贸易收汇Foreignexchangeearningsthroughnontradechannels

非银行金融机构Non-bankfinancialinstitutions

费改税Transformadministrativefeesintotaxes

安排形式formsofdistribution

风险资金riskfunds

副业sidelineproduction

改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我进展“Reformis“theself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialist

system.64

改革重点转移到城市thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities

改善经济环境improveeconomicenvironment

搞活企业invigorate/revitalize/rejuvenateenterprises

各尽所能，按劳/需安排fromeachaccording

呵呵高翻招生简章大家能翻译不呵呵

同声传译是各种翻译活动中最难作的一种翻译。

在国际会议那种紧急环境里，译员要能不连续地边听边译，是很不简洁的。

要学好这样的技能，需要具备肯定的条件，如：扎实的英、汉语言根底，英语的听说力量要强，英

汉两种语言的语音、语调要好，要思维灵敏，反响快，对国际问题兴趣，学问面要广。

所以录用时以考生的复试成绩为主。

考生可依据自身状况及专业对考生的要求，有针对性地进展预备。

关于考试，英汉互译笔译试卷是由本院命题的。不考理论，只考实践，目的是考察学生实际翻译力

量。

根底英语试卷与英语学院其他专业一样。

Therevisededition

Amongallcategoriesoftranslation,simultaneousinterpretationisthehardest.

Amidthetenseatmosphereofinternationalconference,itisdifficulttolistentothespeaker

andinterprethiswordssimultaneously.

Toacquiresuchskills,oneisrequiredtohavethefollowin