01选择性必修三Unit1Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展

01选择性必修三Unit1Unit2重点词汇及短语拓展I.Unit1Unit2重点词汇及拓展1.preciseadj.准确的；精确的→preciselyadv.准确地；精确地；的确如此2.realisticadj.现实的；逼真的→realismn.逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realistn.现实主义画家(或作家等)；现实主义者→realityn.现实、现状3.influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influencen.&v.影响4.purchasevt.购买；采购n.购买；购买的东西→purchasern.购买人；采购人员；买主5.humanisticadj.人文主义的→humanityn.人性；人道；(统称)人类→humann.人；人类6.emergevi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露→emergencen.出现；兴起→emergencyn.突发事件；紧急情况7.subsequentadj.随后的；后来的；之后的→subsequentlyadv.随后→subsequencen.随后；接着8.investmentn.投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→investv.投资；投入→investorn.投资者9.memorialn.纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念品adj.纪念的；悼念的→memoryn.记忆力；记性；回忆→memorizevt.记住，背熟；记忆10.criticisevi.&vt.批评；指责；评价→criticismn.批评；指责；评论→criticn.批评家；评论家→criticaladj.批评的；挑剔的；关键的11.representativeadj.典型的；有代表性的n.代表→representv.代表；描绘；声称→representationn.【U】代表【UC】表现，描述【pl.】陈述12.exhibitionn.展览；表演→exhibitv.展出、展览13.entryn.加入、进入；参与→enterv.加入、进入；参与→entrancen.入口、入口处14.recognitionn.承认；认出；赞誉→recognizev.认识；承认；辨别出→recognitiveadj.认知的；承认的15.expansionn.扩张、扩展→expandv.扩大、扩张16.worthyadj.值得……的；有价值的→worthadj.有……价值；值……钱→worthwhileadj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)；重要的17.abusen.滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂→abusern.虐待者；滥用人士18.physicaladj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physicsn.物理→physiciann.内科医生19.repeatedlyadv.重复地→repeatv.重复20.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势→dominationn.控制；统治→dominantadj.显性的，显著的，占优势的21.psychologyn.心理学；心理；心理影响→psychologicaladj.心理学的→psychologicallyadv.心理学地22.rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→rewardingadj.值得的；有益的；有意义的23.relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliableadj.可信赖的→reliablyadv.可信赖地24.examinevt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验→examinationn.测试；检查25.disciplinen.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚→disciplinedadj.遵守纪律的；受过训练的26.posevt.&vi.组成；作曲；撰写→posern.(尤指古典音乐的)创作者；作曲者→positionn.[C]作品，[U]成分，作曲，创作，作文27.stimulatevt.激发；促进；刺激→stimulationn.激励；兴奋(作用)28.refreshvt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshmentn.[pl.]茶点；食物和饮料；恢复活力；焕发精神→refreshingadj.提神的，使人重新振作的29.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbingadj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的II.Unit1Unit2重点短语和句型一、重点短语1.inparticular尤其；特别 2.setapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……3.befondof喜爱；喜欢 4.asaresult结果5.concentrateon集中；全神贯注于 6.focuson集中于……7.attempttodosth试图做某事 8.inmemoryof为了纪念9.beworthit值得一干；值得花精力(或时间) 10.beworthyof值得11.inresponseto回答；答复 12.relyon依赖；依靠；信赖13.straightaway立即；马上 14.decideon决定；选定15.leadto导致 16.overandoveragain一遍又一遍地17.asidefrom除了……还有 18.giveup放弃19.afterall毕竟；终究 20.loseweight减肥21.pickup拿起 22.shaveoff剃掉；刮去23.stressedout焦虑不安；心力交瘁 24.wornout筋疲力尽的；疲惫的25.sufferfrom遭受 26.takecontrolof控制27.tryout实验二、重点句型1.句型公式：itis+(im)possibletodo...教材原句：AstherehavebeensomanydifferentstylesofWesternart,itisimpossibletodescribethemallinashorttext.翻译：由于西方艺术风格多种多样，不可能在一篇短文中描述全部。(形式主语it)e.g.①Itisimpossibleforthemtodevoteenoughtimeandenergytotheirstudyandjob.他们不可能为学习和工作投入足够的时间和精力。②Rawlins

stressesthat

it

is

impossible

to

prove

a

causallink

between

the

drug

and

the

deaths.

罗林斯强调说证实毒品与死亡之间的因果关系是不可能的。③You

may

think

you’re

not

very

goodat

some

school

subjects,

or

that

it

is

impossible

foryou

tobeeawriter.

你可能会认为你不太擅长学校的某些科目，或者你不可能成为一名作家。2.句型公式：not......but......教材原句：Hesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.翻译：他力求既展示主题人物的外在形象，又展现其内在的温暖和人性。(not...but...)e.g.①Whattheyounglacknowisnotbookknowledgebutpracticalexperience.现在年轻人所缺乏的不是书本知识，而是实践经验。②Themealisnotforone,butformanytoenjoy.这顿饭不是为一个人的，而是供大家享用的。③Sheisnotplayingputergamesbuteatingchocolate.他不是在玩电脑游戏，而是在吃巧克力。3.句型公式：what+名词性从句教材原句：Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”翻译：他们所做的尝试不再是展示现实，而是提出这一问题：“艺术是什么？”(what引导名词性从句)e.g.①WhatIlikereadingmostisthestoriesoffamouspeopleintheworld.我最喜欢读的是世界名人的故事。②Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforwhatseemedlikehours.

小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。③In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。4.句型公式：“引导词+过去分词”做状语教材原句：Thesebadhabits,ifleftunchecked,couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybeeadults.翻译：如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。(状语从句的省略)e.g.①Themedicinewillworkbestiftakenaccordingtotheinstructions.如果按说明服用，药效会达到最佳。②Althoughbuiltbeforethewar,theengineisstillinperfectorder.尽管是战前制造的，这台发动机仍然处于良好状态。③Thelawcouldarrestthedevelopmentofgoodresearchifappliedprematurely.如果草率施行，该法律将会阻滞高质量研究的进展。5.句型公式：过去分词做后置定语教材原句：ThereisafamoussayingbasedonthephilosophyofAristotle:“Wearewhatwerepeatedlydo.”翻译：有句基于亚里士多德哲学的名言：“我们反复做的事情造就了我们。”(过去分词短语作定语)e.g.①Allthebooksofferedbythestudentsarereportedtohavebeensenttothechildreninthecountrysidetheotherday.据报道，前几天学生们提供的所有的书都送到了农村的孩子们那里。②Five

people

won

the

“Chinas

Green

Figure”

award

(“绿色中国年度人物奖”),

a

title

given

toordinarypeoplefor

their

contributions

to

environmental

protection.五个人获得了“中国绿色人物”奖，这是一个授予普通人的称号，以表彰他们对环境保护的贡献。③There

have

been

several

new

eventsadded

to

the

program

for

the

2008

Beijing

Olympic

Games.

2008年北京奥运会计划中增加了几个新的运动项目。句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语教材原句：Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofrelyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.翻译：这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语)e.g.①Theteacherspokeveryslowlysothathecouldmakehimselfunderstood.老师讲得很慢，以便能让学生理解。②Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittlesister.尽管过去他经常把他的小妹妹弄哭，但是今天他却被他的小妹妹弄哭了。③Theymadetheguestswaitingforhoursthere.他们让客人在那里等了好几个小时。III.知识点精讲：考点精析1.preciseadj.准确的、精确的WhatisWesternart?Itishardtogiveaprecisedefinition.(教材P2)西方艺术是什么？很难给出一个准确的定义。★情境探究e.g.①A

scientist

must

be

precise

in

making

tests.科学家做实验时必须精确。②The

shelf

is

about

a

metre

long—well,

98cm,

to

be

precise.这个书架长约一米——嗯，精确地说，是

98

厘米。③The

problem

is

due

to

discipline,

or,

more

precisely,

the

lack

of

discipline,

in

schools.问题出在纪律上，或者更确切地说，是学校缺乏纪律。★要点突破【归纳拓展】1.beprecisein在......方面精确 tobeprecise确切地说；准确地说2.preciselyadv.准确地、精确地；的确如此 moreprecisely更确切地说；更严格地说★学以致用【单句语法填空】①She

pronounced

the

word

very

slowly

and

precisely(precise).

②But

the

smaller

the

spot,

the

more

difficult

it

is

to

be

preciseinfocusing.

【完成句子】①你需要提供精确的信息。You

need

toprovidepreciseinformation.②确切地说，那次事故中有200人丧生。

There

were

200

people

killed

in

the

accident,tobeprecise.2.inparticular尤其、特别Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.(教材P2)特别是他的绘画作品因其逼真的人类面容和深刻的情感冲击而优于其他绘画作品。★情境探究e.g.①Acarbonfootprintisthemeasureofinfluenceouractivitieshaveontheenvironment,inparticularclimatechange.碳足迹是衡量我们的活动对环境，特别是对气候变化的影响。②I

think

alotof

people,

women

in

particular,

steerclear

of

these

sensitive

issues.

我认为很多人，尤其是女性，有意避开这些敏感问题。③This

is

a

crucial

year

for

your

relationships

in

generalandyour

love

life

in

particular.

这一年对你们的关系，特别是你们的爱情生活是非常关键的。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)particularadj.专指的；特别的；挑剔的n.细节；详情beparticularabout/oversth对……讲究/挑剔(2)particularlyadv.(＝inparticular)尤其；特别★学以致用【单句填空】①Ienjoyedtheplay,thesecondhalfinparticular.②Home­cookingfoodissimplerinkindandlessdelicious,especiallyforthosewhoareparticularabout/overfood.【同义句转换】③Ienjoyedtheplay,particularlythesecondhalf.(用副词作状语改写句①)3.setapartfrom使与众不同；使突出；使优于……Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.(教材P2)特别是他的绘画作品因其逼真的人类面容和深刻的情感冲击而优于其他绘画作品。★情境探究e.g.①Hehadaparticularvoice，whichsethimapartfromothersinoursmalltown.他嗓音很特别，这使他不同于我们小镇上的其他人。②You’dwant

to

avoid

anything

that

might

set

you

apart

from

your

neighbors,the

same

people

you

mightneedto

help

you

someday.

你会想要避免任何可能让你和你的邻居——也就是某天你可能需要求助的人——产生隔阂的事情。③And

his

strong

views

about

life

set

him

apart

from

most

other

Americans.

他有关生活的强烈观点，使他有别于大多数其他美国人。★要点突破【归纳拓展】setaside将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)；暂时不考虑setoff动身；出发；引爆；引发setofffor动身去(某地)setup建立；开设setdown写下；放下setout(todosth)出发；开始(做某事)setabout(doingsth)开始/着手(做某事)★学以致用【单句填空】①Itwaspletelydarkwhenwesawfireworksbeingsetoffinthedistance.②Armedwiththeinformationyouhavegathered,youcansetaboutpreparingyourbusinessplan.【完成句子】③Youshouldlistencarefullyandsetdownimportantinformationinparticular.你应该认真听，尤其是要记下重要的信息。4.influentialadj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci(14521517),Michelangelo(14751564),andRaphael(14831520)builtonGiottoandMasaccio’sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.(教材P2)有影响力的画家，如列奥纳多·达·芬奇(14521517)、米开朗基罗(14751564)和拉斐尔(14831520)，在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上创作出了欧洲前所未有的伟大艺术作品。★情境探究e.g.①Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.这些测验表明当我们在做决定的时候，社会环境极具影响力。②When

discussing

influential

modern

artists,

three

names

immediately

e

to

mind.

在讨论现代有影响的艺术家时，一下子有三个名字出现在脑海中。③Chaplinwas

notjust

agenius,he

was

among

themost

influential

figures

in

film

history.

卓别林不仅是个天才，还是电影史上最有影响的人物之一。★要点突破【归纳拓展】influencen.&v.影响haveaninfluenceon/upon对……有影响★学以致用【单句填空】①Asyouknow,BeijingOperaisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)operasinChina,whichhasahistoryofmorethan200years.②Aselectronicproductsbeemoreandmorepopular,ourhandwritingisinfluenced(influence)badly.【完成句子】③Whatyousaidhadagoodinfluenceon/uponpeople,childreninparticular.你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。5.rankn.地位；级别；行列；军衔vt.&vi.把……分等级；使排成行Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.(教材P2)国王、贵族和上层人士都想购买他们自己和他们所爱的人的精确照片。★情境探究e.g.①Itisbelievedthatheisapainterofthefirstrank.人们都认为他是一流的画家。②Heservedintheranksformostofthewar.战争期间，他大部分时间都在部队服役。③Underthealternative

votesystem,

voters

wouldbe

invitedto

rank

candidates

on

the

ballot

inorderofpreference.

采用选择投票制，选民可在选票上根据喜好程度为候选人排序。★要点突破【归纳拓展】inrank成行列；成队列intheranks当兵；入伍★学以致用【单句语法填空/写出下列句中黑体词的含义】①Accordingtoasurvey,morethanhalfofChinesestudentsareshort­sighted,whichranks(rank)firstintheworld.②Shewasnotusedtomixingwithpeopleofhighsocialrank.地位③Hewassoonpromotedtotherankofcaptain.军衔④TsinghuaUniversityisrankednumberoneinChinaforengineering.把……分等级【同义句转换】⑤Accordingtoasurvey,morethanhalfofChinesestudentsareshort­sighted,rankingfirstintheworld.(用非谓语动词短语作状语改写句①)6.emergevi.&vt.出现；浮现；暴露Fromthis,ImpressionismemergedinFrance.(教材P3)由此，印象派在法国兴起。★情境探究e.g.①Advancedfiguresareemerginginmultitudeinthiseraofours.在我们这个时代，先进人物正在大量地涌现出来。②Butterfliesemergefromtheircocoons;beesbegintosearchfornectar.Whatascene!蝴蝶破茧而出，蜜蜂辛勤采蜜。多美的场景啊！③The

cultural

life

of

the

country

will

sinkintoatrophy

unless

more

writers

and

artists

emerge.

如果没有更多的作家和艺术家出现，这个国家的文化生活将衰退。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)emergefromsth.(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现；浮现；露出emergeas...成为……(2)emergencen.出现；显露★学以致用【单句填空】①Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.②Heemergedasakeyfigureinthecampaign.③Hewasexcitedattheemergence(emerge)ofnewevidence.【同义句转换】④Hewasexcitedwithnewevidenceemerging.(用with复合结构改写句③)7.conveyvt.表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送Inthiswork,Manet’saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescenethesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehimbutnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.(教材P3)在这部作品中，莫奈的目的是传达场景中的光线和运动场景给他的主观印象但不是场景本身的详细记录。★情境探究e.g.①IfyouseeJames,doconveymyapologytohim.如果你看见詹姆斯，一定要向他转达我的歉意。②I

simply

don’t

havethewords

to

convey

how

extraordinary

this

findwas.

我简直无法用语言来表达这个发现多么不同寻常。③Onbehalf

ofmygovernment,

I

havethe

honor

to

convey

to

you

thefollowing

content.

我荣幸地代表我国政府向您转达如下内容。★要点突破【归纳拓展】conveysthtosb向某人表达/传递某物conveysb/sthfromAtoB把某人/某物从A地运送到B地convey...tosbfor...因……向某人表示……★学以致用【单句填空】①Inthisletter,Iwouldliketoconveymysincereappreciationtoyouforyourhelp.②Yourluggagewillbeconveyedfromtheairporttoyourhotel.【完成句子】③Themessageconveyedtoushereisclear：Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.这里传达给我们的信息很清楚：行动胜于雄辩。8.not

just

but

意为“不仅......

而且……”

He

sought

to

show

not

just

the

outer

image

of

his

subjects,

but

their

inner

warmth

and

humanity

as

well.

(教材

P3)

他试图展示的不仅是他的对象的外在形象，还有他们内心的温暖和人性。★情境探究e.g.①Not

just

you

but

he

likes

county

music

verymuch.

不但你而且他也很喜欢乡村音乐。②Things

here

are

not

only

inexpensive

but

also

of

good

quality.这里的东西不仅便宜而且质量好。

③You

can

reply

to

that

user,

either

directly

or

indirectly.

您可以直接或间接地回复给该用户。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)当连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。

(2)类似用法的词组还有:not

only

...but

also

...

(不仅……而且……),

either...

nor

...

(既不……也不……),not

....

or…(不是……就是……),

neither...nor...(既不......也不......),not...but...

(不是……而是……)等。

★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Either

Sam

or

Rogerhas

(have)

to

leave

town

before

someone

gets

hurt.②Not

only

he

but

also

we

are(be)

fond

ofcollecting

oil

paintings.

【完成句子】①同学们和老师对此都一无所知。Neitherthe

studentsnorthe

teacherknowsanything

about

it.②他们想要的不是你的怜悯而是你的帮助。

They

wantnotyourpitybut

help.9.befondof喜爱；喜欢Whyareyoufondofit?(教材P3)你为什么喜欢它呢？★情境探究e.g.①Asisoftenthecasewithotheroldpeople,mygrandfatherisfondoftalkingaboutgoodolddays.和其他老人一样，我爷爷也喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。②The

house

wasout

of

our

price

range

and

too

big

anyway.

Besides,

I’d

grown

fond

of

our

little

rentedhouse.

反正这个房子超出了我们的预算范围，而且也太大了。再说，我已经渐渐喜欢上我们租的小房子了。③I’ve

always

been

fond

of

poetry

andonepiece

has

alwaysstuckin

my

mind.

我一直喜欢诗歌，有一首诗一直被我铭记于心。★要点突破【归纳拓展】“be＋形容词＋of”短语集锦：betiredof对……感到厌倦beawareof意识到；知道beproudof为……感到自豪besureof确信；肯定★学以致用【完成句子】①Theyarenotawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.Asaresult,thispollutestheriver.他们没有意识到保护环境的重要性。结果，这污染了这条河流。②Althoughweleadabusylifeeveryday,wearen’ttiredofit.虽然我们每天都过着忙碌的生活，但我们并不感到厌倦。【同义句转换】③Notbeingawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironmentresultsintheirpollutingtheriver.(用动名词短语作主语及resultin改写句①)10.inresponseto回答；答复Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.(教材P14)其次，还有一个“例行公事”，就是你对暗示做出的有规律的反应。★情境探究e.g.①Itwassometimebeforethedooropenedinresponsetohisring.他按过门铃后好一会儿门才打开。②Millionsof

people

gavefreely

in

response

to

the

appealfor

the

victims

of

the

earthquake.

为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。③The

product

was

developed

in

response

to

customer

demand.

这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)inresponse作为答复makearesponseto对……作出回答/回应(2)respondv.作出反应；回应；回答respondto答复；对……作出回答/回应★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Inresponse,theChinesegovernmenthasmadegreateffortstoeducateChinesetouristsonappropriatebehaviour.②Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespond(response)toit.【完成句子】③I’mwritingtohaveabriefintroductionofBeijingOperainresponsetoyourrequest. 为回应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。11.rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.(教材P14)第三，有“奖励”，我们从日常生活中得到的好东西或感觉。★情境探究e.g.①Hegotpromotedinrewardforhisgreatcontributionsforthepany.由于他为公司作出了巨大贡献，公司给他升职作为回报。②Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewardedwithasmile.她开始给婴儿唱歌，婴儿对她报以微笑。③Current

employment

laws

will

be

changed

to

reward

effortandpunishlaziness.

现行的雇佣法将被修改以便奖勤罚懒。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)asareward(for...)作为(对……的)报酬/奖赏inrewardfor为酬谢……；作为……的奖励(2)rewardsbwith...forsth为某事而用……酬谢某人rewardsbwithsth用某物奖励某人(3)rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortswillberewardedwithsuccessintheend.②Iholdthefirmbeliefthatyouwillhavearewarding(reward)experiencethere.【一句多译】我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。③I’mverygladtoshowyouaroundBeijinginrewardforyourgeneroushelp.④I’mmorethandelightedtoshowyouaroundBeijingasarewardforyourgeneroushelp.12.relyon依赖；依靠；信赖Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofrelyingonunhealthysnacksisformed.(教材P15)奖励使我们更有可能继续这个循环，并且形成了依赖不健康零食的坏习惯。★情境探究e.g.①Athletesshouldkeepawayfromtakingdopeandrelyontheirhardworktowinthegames.运动员应该远离兴奋剂，并依靠自己的努力赢得比赛。②Youmayrelyonitthatweshallalwayshelpyou.尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。③You

may

rely

on

him

in

that

he

iscapable

of

calculating

ofthe

events

accurately.

你可以依靠他，因为他能够准确地预测事情。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖relyon(doing)sth依赖/信任/指望(做)某事relyonsb/sthtodosth指望/相信某人/某物做某事relyonitthat...相信……；指望……(2)reliableadj.可靠的；可信赖的【名师点津】relyon后跟that从句时，常在从句之前加it，有类似用法的动词(短语)还有：appreciate,hate,dependon,seeto等。★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Manypeoplenowwouldrelyonsurfing(surf)theInternetratherthanreadingnewspapersfornews.②Ourinformationesfromareliable(rely)source.【同义句转换】③Werelyonhisfinishingtheworktoday.→Werelyonhimtofinishtheworktoday.→Werelyonitthathewillfinishtheworktoday.13.facilitatevt.促进；促使；使便利Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.(教材P15)为了促进坏习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先检查我们的坏习惯周期，然后尝试适应它们。★情境探究e.g.①Thewisemanmayfacilitatemunicationbetweenthecouple.这位智者或许能促进这对夫妇之间的交流。②We

should

learn

to

grasp

munication

skills

for

they

can

facilitate

mutual

understanding.

我们应该学习掌握沟通技巧，因为这可以促进相互理解。③Our

goal

was

to

answer

that

question

for

people

and

then

hopefully

facilitate

friends

gettingtogether,

我们的目标是为人们解答那个问题，然后希望能帮助朋友们聚在一起。★要点突破【归纳拓展】facilitationn.促进；简便化facilitatorn.推动者；促进者★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Wewelethemandwillprovideallpossiblefacilitation(facilitate)andassistance.②Thereisnodoubtthatheisthebestfacilitator(facilitate).【同义句转换】③Thelocalgovernmentwillbuildanewairportwhichfacilitatesthedevelopmentoftourism.→Thelocalgovernmentwillbuildanewairportfacilitatingthedevelopmentoftourism.(用非谓语动词改写)14.examinevt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验Tofacilitateapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstexamineourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.(教材P15)为了促进坏习惯的积极改变，我们必须首先检查我们的坏习惯周期，然后尝试适应它们。★情境探究e.g.①InsteadofgettingdowntoanewtaskasIhadexpected,heexaminedthepreviousworkagain.他没有像我期望的那样着手做新的工作，而是又检查了一遍先前的工作。②If

you

getill,

thedoctor

won’thave

to

examine

you.

Amachine

will“read”

your

body.

如果你生病了，医生就不用给你检查了。一部机器会“读出”你的身体。③I’llstart

with

somegeneralities

and

then

examine

afew

specificexamples.

我首先进行概述，然后会分析几个实例。★要点突破【归纳拓展】examinationn.测试；检查；审查examinern.主考人；考官★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Inhisopinion,heshouldhavethenewsystemexamined(examine)assoonaspossible.②Astheexamination(examine)wasapproaching,thestudentsbegantofeelnervous.【同义句转换】③Withtheexaminationapproaching,thestudentsbegantofeelnervous.(用with复合结构改写句②)15.pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的Manyofustrytochangebadhabitsquickly,andifwearenotsuccessfulstraightaway,weoftenbeepessimisticandgiveup.(教材P15)★情境探究e.g.①Theyappearedsurprisinglypessimisticabouttheirchancesofwinning.他们对胜利的可能性显得出奇地悲观。②Thereisno

reason

tobe

pessimistic

about

the

future,

because

we

are

young

enough

to

do

everything.

没有理由对未来悲观，因为我们还年轻，我们能做任何事情。③She

doesn’t

subscribeto

his

pessimistic

view

of

the

state

of

economy.

Onthecontrary,she

thinksit

isjust

on

the

rise.

她不同意他对经济状况的悲观看法。相反，她认为经济状况只是在上升。★要点突破【归纳拓展】(1)bepessimisticabout对……很悲观(2)optimisticadj.乐观的beoptimisticabout对……很乐观★学以致用【单句语法填空/补全句子】①Thedoctorsarepessimisticabouthischancesofrecovery.②Thoughhewasbadlyinjured,hewasveryoptimisticabouthisfuture(对未来十分乐观).【同义句转换】③Thoughbadlyinjured,hewasveryoptimisticabouthisfuture.(用省略句改写句②)16.decideon决定；选定However,thereisno“magicpill”ordeletebuttonthatwillhelpyou;youhavetothinkaboutyourbadhabitsanddecideonsomechanges.(教材P15)★情境探究e.g.①Haveyoudecidedonadateforthetravel?你们定好旅游日期了吗？②In

the

process,

humanbeings

still

decide

on

the

correct

answers.

在这个过程中，人类还是会决定正确的答案。③Ittakes

them

quite

a

while

to

read

through

the

entries,

but

eventually

they

decide

on

the

top

five

stories.

要看完所有的参赛作品，他们得花上好一段时间，但最终他们会决出最佳的五篇。★要点突破【归纳拓展】常见“动词＋on”构成的短语：eon快来；加油 goon继续puton穿上；上演 carryon继续callon拜访 agreeon就……达成一致dependon依靠；信赖 feedon以……为食★学以致用【单句语法填空】①Shedecidedonbuyingtheredshoes.②IcalledonDickathisofficeyesterday.【完成句子】③Werarelyagreeonwhattodo.我们很少在要做的事情上看法一致。④Hewasthesortofpersonyoucoulddependon.他是你可以信赖的那类人。IV、练习提升(I)阅读理解A“Womanreadingbook,underanightsky,dreamyatmosphere,”ItypeintoDeepDreamGenerator’sText2Dreamfeature.Inlessthanaminute,animageisreturnedtomeshowingwhatI’vedescribed.WeletotheworldofAIimagegeneration,whereyoucancreatewhatonthesurfacelooksliketoprankartworkusingjustafewtextprompts(提示).Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.AIimagegenerationcouldimpacteverythingfromfilmtographicnovelsandmore.Children’sillustratorswerequicktoraiseconcernsaboutthetechnology.TheysayAIgeneratedartistheexactoppositeofwhatartisbelievedtobe.Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitatethestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAlgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work,However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandnuance(细微差别)intothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasvalidasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughters,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.1.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofhisimagecreation?A.Exciting. B.Appealing. C.Unsatisfying. D.Shocking.2.Whatdochildren’sillustratorsvaluemostaboutart?A.Thecreatingprocess. B.Thefinalwork. C.Personalfeelings. D.Externalforms.3.WhatisParagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.ThestylesofhumanartworksandAIones. B.Humanartists’influenceonAIgenerators.C.DifferentmeansusedinhumanandAIartcreation.D.Thedrawbacksofdrawingfromexistingartandtext.4.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthelastparagraph?A.Artisthemirroroflife. B.Romeisnotbuiltinaday.C.Nomancandotwothingsatonce. D.Jackofalltrades,masterofnone.【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了儿童插画家的观点：人工智能创造的艺术不是真正的艺术。1.推理判断题。根据第二段中“Butcloserexaminationshowsoddities.Thefaceofthewomaninmyimagehasveryoddfeatures,andappearstobeholdingmultiplebooks.And,whilethere’saninitialthrillatseeinganimageappear,there’snocreativesatisfaction.(但仔细检查会发现奇怪的地方。我照片中那个女人的脸有非常奇怪的特征，似乎拿着好几本书。而且，虽然看到图像出现时最初会感到兴奋，但没有创造性的满足感)”可推知，作者对他的图像创作不满意。故选C项。2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Fundamentally,artisallabouttranslatingsomethingthatyoufeelinternallyintosomethingthatexistsexternally.Whateverformittakes,trueartisaboutthecreativeprocessmuchmorethanit’saboutthefinalpiece.Andsimplypressingabuttontogenerateanimageisnotacreativeprocess.(从根本上说，艺术就是将你内在感受到的东西转化为外在存在的东西。无论采取何种形式，真正的艺术都关乎创作过程，而不是最终作品。简单地按下一个按钮来生成图像并不是一个创造性的过程)”可知，儿童插画家最看重艺术创作的过程，因为艺术的核心是将内在感受转化为外在存在，真正的艺术更多地关注创作过程而不是最终作品。故选A项。3.主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Beyondcreativity,therearedeeperissues.Tocreateimagesfromprompts,AIgeneratorsrelyondatabasesofalreadyexistingartandtext.Thiscouldleadtothecreationofimagesthatareintentionallymeanttoimitatethestyleofotherartists,withouttheiragreement.ThereisanargumentthatAIgeneratorsworknodifferentlytohumanswhenitestobeinginfluencedbyothers’work.However,ahumanartistisalsoaddingemotionandnuance(细微差别)intothemix.AIdoesn’tdothesame—itcanonlycopy.(除了创造力之外，还有更深层次的问题。为了从提示创建图像，人工智能生成器依赖于已经存在的艺术和文本的数据库。这可能会导致在未经其他艺术家同意的情况下故意模仿其他艺术家风格的图像。有一种观点认为，在受到他人作品的影响时，AI生成器的工作方式与人类没有什么不同，但是，人类艺术家也在混合中添加了情感和细微差别。人工智能不会做同样的事情——它只能复制)”可知，本段主要讲述了人类和人工智能艺术创造中使用的不同手段。故选C项。4.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“TheincreasinguseofAIwillalsoleadtoadevaluingoftheworkofartists.There’salreadyanegativeprejudicetowardsthecreativeindustry.Peoplewillbegintothinkthattheir“work”isasvalidasthatcreatedbysomeonewhohasspentacareermakingart.It’snonsense,ofcourse.Youcanuseyourmobilephonetotakeanicepictureofyourdaughters,butyouarenomatchforprofessionals.(人工智能的日益普及也将导致艺术家作品的贬值。对创意产业已经存在负面偏见。人们会开始认为他们的“作品”与那些以艺术创作为职业的人所创作的作品一样有效。当然，这是无稽之谈。你可以用你的给你的女儿拍一张漂亮的照片，但你不是专业人士的对手)”可知，人工智能的使用会使艺术家的作品贬值。人们会认为他们用AI创作的作品和以艺术创作为职业的人的作品有同样的价值。作者认为这是错误的，在最后一句中，作者认为尽管普通人可以创作出漂亮的作品，也比不上专业人士，作者暗示艺术创作需要经过长期的训练。由此可知，B项“Romeisnotbuiltinaday.(罗马非一日建成)”意指任何伟大的事物都需要时间和耐心来建立。故选B项。BPhysicaleducation,orPE,isn’trequiredforallhighschoolstudents.Insomeschools,itisn’tofferedforsomedifferentreasons.Butshouldhighschoolstudentshavephysicaleducation?Theansweriscertainly“yes”.Todaymanypeopledon’tdosports.Butasisknowntoall,doingsportsisessentialforanadult.Teachingteensthesignificanceofahealthylifestyleandmakingfitnessplansnowcanhelpteensmakeexercisetheirpriorityasanadult.Highschoolisn’tthateasy.Manystudentsareunderalotofstress.Stresscanbeharmfultoastudent’sstudiesandlife.Doingsportscanhelpthemdealwithstressbetter,helpingthemliveahappierlifeatschool.TheAmericanHeartAssociationsaysthat10millionkidsandteenssufferfromobesity.Teensshouldget60minutesofphysicalactivityperdaytocontroltheirweightandtohelptheirbonesgetstronger.Theincreaseinactivitiesthatdon’tgetteenstomovearound,suchasputergames,meansmanyteensdon’tgettheirrequiredexercise.PEclassesactasapublichealthmeasuretoencouragephysicalactivitiesandhelpteenshavehealthyweights.Notdoingsportsincreasesteens’hazardofdevelopingmanydiseases.Anactivelifestyleoffersagoodwayofprot