学术英语视听说Lesson-4

4RollerCoastersTheUpsandDownsofHowTheyWorkTOPICPREVIEWBEFORELISTENINGLISTENINGAFTERLISTENINGEXPANSIONRidingarollercoasteratanamusementparkinEssen,GermanyAnswerthefollowingquestionswithapartneroryourclassmates.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?Ifyouwenttoanamusementparktoday,whatkindofridewouldyougoon?Whatridedoyouthinkwouldbethemostfun?Whatkindsofactivitiesdoyouthinklittlechildren,youngadults,andoldpeopleenjoydoingforadayoffun?Whydoyouthinkpeoplewillpaymoneytotakearoller-coasterrideordosomethingelsethatscaresthem?Giveatleasttworeasons.WordsandPhrases

rollercoaster过山车

aseriesof

一连串，接连

curven.弧线

takeover取而代之

downhill

ad.向坡下，向下VOCABULARYPREVIEWVOCABULARYPREVIEW1.Let’stalkaboutthephysicsinvolvedinarideonarollercoaster.2.Asimplerollercoasterconsistsofaframewithatrackonit.3.Thetrackfollowsapaththatendsatthesameplaceitstarted.4.Theroller-coastercarshavetwosetsofwheels.5.Thewheelsbelowthetrackkeepthefast-movingcarsfromcomingoffthetrack.consistsofcomingofgaingravitylooppathphysicssetsslopeconsistsofpathsetsphysicscomingoffAudioTrack1-4-1-aListentothefollowingsentencesthatcontaininformationfromthelecture.Asyoulisten,writethewordfromtheboxthatcompletesthesentence.VOCABULARYPREVIEWListentothefollowingsentencesthatcontaininformationfromthelecture.Asyoulisten,writethewordfromtheboxthatcompletesthesentence.6.Atthetopofthefirsthill,thechaincomesoffthecarsandgravitytakesover.7.Thecarsgainspeedastheyrolldownhill.8.Thentheygodownaverysteepslope.9.Thecarstravelinaloopthatputsusupsidedown.gainloopgravityslopeAudioTrack1-4-1-bconsistsofcomingofgaingravitylooppathphysicssetsslopeVOCABULARYPREVIEWfcbaegidh1.loop2.comeoff3.slope4.gravity5.consistof6.set7.physics8.gain9.patha.theforcethatcausesobjectstofalltothegroundb.thesideofahill,orasurfacethatishigheratoneendc.tostopbeingonorattachedtosomethingelsed.toincreaseinamounte.tobemadeupofsomethingf.acirclemadewhensomethingcurvesaroundandcrossesitselfg.agroupofthingsthataresimilarandareusedtogetherh.thedirectionorroutethatsomethingfollowsi.thestudyofenergyandmatterMatchthewordstotheirdefinitions.cfbaegIdhPREDICTIONSThinkaboutthequestionsintheTopicPreviewandthesentencesyouheardintheVocabularyPreview.Writethreequestionsthatyouthinkwillbeansweredinthelecture.Shareyourquestionswithyourclassmates.Haveyoueverbeentoanamusementpark?Ifyouwenttoanamusementparktoday,whatkindofridewouldyougoon?Whatridedoyouthinkwouldbethemostfun?Whatkindsofactivitiesdoyouthinklittlechildren,youngadults,andoldpeopleenjoydoingforadayoffun?Whydoyouthinkpeoplewillpaymoneytotakearoller-coasterrideordosomethingelsethatscaresthem?Giveatleasttworeasons.NOTETAKINGPREPARATIONStepsinaProcessWhenaspeakerdescribesaprocess,usenumbersinyournotestoidentifythedifferentstepsintheprocess.Writethenameoftheprocessabovethenumberedsteps.Indentthenumberedsteps.How~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1.~~~~~~~~~~~2.~~~~~~~~~~3.~~~~~~~4.~~~~~~~~~~~NOTETAKINGPREPARATIONListentoabriefsummaryofinformationfromthelecture.Circletheletterofthenotesbelowthatbestrecordwhatyouhear.AudioTrack1-4-2ab.Howrollercoasterswork1.Chainpullscars↑hill2.Chainoff-g.push↓hillv.fast3.Bottom-e.togo↑nexthillHowrollercoasterswork1.Carsgo↑hill2.Gravpushcars3.Carsgodownhillv.fast4.Nowhaveeng-goupnexthillNOTETAKINGPREPARATIONWorkwithapartneranddiscussyourchoiceandwhyyoumadeit.DiscourseCuesforProcessWhenaspeakerisdescribingaprocess,listenforwordsandphrasessuchasthefollowingthatsignalthestepsintheprocess.firstthenthefirstthingthathappensissecondnextduringthisstagethirdfinallyatthispointNOTETAKINGPREPARATION1.butthen2.atthispoint3.duringthisstage4.finallyListentoinformationfromthelectureandwritetheprocessdiscoursecuesyouhear.AudioTrack1-4-3butthenAtthispointUringthisstageFinallyFIRSTLISTENINGListentothelectureonhowrollercoasterswork.Asyoulisten,putthefollowingpartsofthelectureintheorderthatyouhearthem.Numberthem1to5.3514

2Startofroller-coasterrideSummaryoftheroller-coasterprocessThespeaker’sattitudetowardrollercoastersTheroleofgravityinpushingroller-coastercarsaroundthetrackDescriptionofasimplerollercoaster

AudioTrack1-4-4SECONDLISTENINGListentoinformationfromthelecture.Thespeakerwilltalkslowlyandcarefully.Youdon’thavetodoanythingasyoulisten.Justrelaxandlisten.AudioTrack1-4-5THIRDLISTENINGListentothelectureintwoparts.Followthedirectionsforeachpart.Whenyouhavefinished,reviewyournotes.Later,youwillusethemtosummarizethelecturewithapartner.Youwillhearthefirstpartofthelectureagain.Listenandcompletethenotesbyaddingtheabbreviationsandsymbolsfromthebox.whlsRCs=v.w/Topic=Howrollercoasterswork–physicsofRCs•simpleRC=framew/track,liketrain•track=hill+curves•cars–v.fast•cars–2setswhls•whlsbelow–keepcarsonwhls=sV.lAudioTrack1-4-6THIRDLISTENINGAsyoulistentothesecondpartofthelecture,takeyourownnotesonaseparatepieceofpaper.AudioTrack1-4-7Youwillhearsixquestionsaboutthelecture.Listentoeachquestionandwritetheletterofthebestanswer.ACCURACYCHECKa1.a.aframewithatrackonitb.astructurewithwheelsonitc.apathforworkerstowalkond.alooptosendthecarsaroundc4.a.thetrackb.thecarsc.gravityd.speedc2.a.abicycleb.acarc.atraind.awagonb5.a.biologyb.physicsc.chemistryd.astronomyd3.a.gravityb.energyc.speedd.achainb6.a.Chainsstopthecars.b.Hillsbecomelesssteep.c.Carsgainenergy.d.Therideisfrightening.

AudioTrack1-4-8

1.Onesetofwheelsrollsontopofthetrackandtheothersetrollsbelowthetrack.

Thewheelsbelowthetrackkeepthefast-movingcarsfromcomingoffthetrack.2.Atthetopofthefirsthill..3.Whenthechaincomesoffthecars,andwhenthecarsareoverthehills..4.Itlosesenergyandslowsdown..

5.Aloop.

.

Youwillhearfivequestionsaboutthelecture.Writeashortanswertoeachquestion.Useyournotes.

ACCURACYCHECKAudioTrack1-4-9Useyournotestocreateanoralsummaryofthelecturewithyourpartner.Asyouworktogether,adddetailstoyournotesthatyourpartnerincludedbutyouhadmissed.ORALSUMMARYDiscussthefollowingquestionswithaclassmateorinasmallgroup.DISCUSSIONLookatthepictureonpage24ofpeopleonanamusementparkride.Whatkindofaridedoyouthinktheyareon?Wouldyougoforarideonit?Whyorwhynot?Comparetheamusementparkrideinthepictureonpage24withtheoneonthispage.Whatdoyouthinkarethedifferencesbetweenthem?Whichonedoyouthinkwouldbethemostthrilling,dangerous,andfun?Whatroledoyouthinkgravityandenergyplayintherideinthepictureonthispage?TASK1TakingaPulseListentosomeonedescribehowtotakeapulse.Asyoulisten,fillinthemissingwordsinthesentencesbelow.Takingyourpulseiseasy.Justfollowthesesteps.First,haveawatchwithasecondhandreadyorusethestopwatchonyourcellphone.Tostartwith,putthemiddlethreefingersofyourrighthandonyourleftwristjustbelowyourthumb.Pressdownalittleuntilyoufeelyourpulsebeat.Canyoufeelyourpulse?Lookatthesecondhandonyourwatchandstartcountingthebeatsthatyouarefeelingwithyourfingers.After30seconds,stopcountingandwritedownthenumberofbeatsthatyoufeltin30seconds.Waitafewsecondsandthenrepea