2024中考英语二轮复习 第二部分 专题二 第1讲 名词辨析(课件)

专

题

二用法丰富的名词、形容词和副词第1讲

名词辨析3随堂检测（选择填空、完形填空）2课标知识导图1考情概览课标知识导图名词辨析(10年42考)：①可数名词及其单复数(10年29考)②只能修饰可数名词的词(组)

③不可数名词(10年13考)

④名词所有格

⑤专有名词可数名词及其单复数(10年29考)1.单数：(1)与不定冠词a/an连用，如abird(2)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式2.复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式(1)规则变化1)加-s①parent→parents,book→books(2017A.51),thing→things,festival→festivals,feeling→feelings,result→results:一般情况加-s可数名词及其单复数(10年2考)2.复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式(1)规则变化1)加-s②joke→jokes,prize→prizes(2021A.49):以ce,ke,se,ze等结尾的词加-s③boy→boys,toy→toys:以元音字母加-y结尾的词加-s④radio→radios,zoo→zoos:以元音字母加-o结尾的词加-s2)加-es①match→matches,bus→buses:以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加-es(特例：stomach)可数名词及其单复数(10年2考)2.复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式(1)规则变化2)加-es②baby→babies,story→stories:以辅音字母加-y结尾的词变y为i,再加-es③life→lives,leaf→leaves:以字母f/fe结尾的词变f/fe为v,再加-es3)以辅音字母加-o结尾的词①tomato→tomatoes,hero→heroes:有生命的，加-es②photo→photos,piano→pianos:无生命的，加-s可数名词及其单复数(10年29考)2.复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式(2)不规则变化①sheep→sheep,deer→deer,fish→fish:单复数同形②man→men,woman→women:改a为e型；特例：human→humans③foot→feet,tooth→teeth:改oo为ee型；特例：boot→boots④child→children:在词尾加-ren⑤mouse→mice:其他形式可数名词及其单复数(10年2考)2.复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式(2)不规则变化①Englishman→Englishmen:变man为men②German→Germans,American→Americans:词尾加-s③Chinese→Chinese:不变形6)表示“某国人”只能修饰可数名词的词(组)few,a

few,several,many,agreat/good/largenumberof,quiteafew等不可数名词(10年13考)1.常见不可数名词(1)soup,water,meat,paper,wood等→物质名词(2)health,love等→抽象名词(3)China,Canada等→专有名词3.常见表示不可数名词的量的词组：abasketof,aboxof,abottleof等therestofmoney,aglassofmilk,fivebowlsofrice,twopiecesofbread等→数词/冠词+计量名词+of+不可数名词2.不可数名词的量化表达方式4.只能修饰不可数名词的词(组)little,a

little,much,agood/greatdealof,abitof,a

large/smallamountof等5.既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词(组)不可数名词(10年13考)名词所有格1.-’s所有格(1)加-’s①mysister'sbook→有生命的单数名词②China'sdevelopment→表示时间、国家、距离等名词③children'shomework→名词复数不以-s结尾④TomandPeter'sroom→表示共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加-'s⑤Emma'sandAllen'sbikes→表示各自拥有，在每个名词后加-'sa

lotof,lotsof,plentyof,all,some,most,any,no,therestof等名词所有格1.-’s所有格(2)名词复数以-s结尾，加’①uncle'swork→有生命的②twohours'

walk→无生命的(3)节日类①NewYear'sDay→名词加-'s②Teachers'

Day→名词复数加-’③Children'sDay,Women'sDay→名词复数加-'s2.of所有格thetopofthehill→一般用于表示无生命名词的所有关系3.双重所有格(1)aphotoofLucy's→of+-'s所有格(2)a

friendofmine→of+名词性物主代词专有名词1.ProfessorSmith,DoctorBrown→表示人名、尊称或头衔的专有名词2.theUnitedNations,HarvardUniversity→表示团体、机构或报刊的专有名词3.Sunday,January,theSpringFestival→表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词4.China,Chinatown,theYellowRiver→表示国名、地名、山河名的专有名词5.theGreatWall,theWhiteHouse→由普通名词构成的专有名词随堂检测基础小题1.—Sally'sfavorite_________isorange.—Isee.That'swhyallhersweatersareorange.A.fruit

B.color

C.juice2.Watchinginterestingmovieswithmyfriendsbringsmealotof______.A.doubt

B.worry

C.pleasureBC3.Whenwearrivedatthe________，weweretoldthattheplanehadbeenputoff.A.office

B.airport

C.station4.The________hereareverypolitetocustomers，soweoftencomeheretoeat.A.actors

B.guides

C.waiters5.Althoughthe_________aren'tclear，Icanstillrememberthesweettimewithmyfamily.A.photos

B.maps

C.signsBCA6.Thousandsof______cometoChengdueveryyearbecauseofitsfamousplacesofinterest.A.winners

B.passengers

C.tourists7.Billalwayskeepsaproperdistancefromthedesktoprotecthis_______whenreading.A.eyes

B.ears

C.arms8.InmostareasofChina，itisatraditiontohave________duringtheSpringFestival.A.cakes

B.bread

C.dumplingsCAC9._________bedroomlookspretty.Theytaketurnstocleaniteveryday.A.Lisa'sandSally's

B.Lisa'sandSally

C.LisaandSally's10.These__________foundtheproblemofthenewtypeofcar.Luckily，theysolveditintime.A.doctors

B.engineers

C.reporters11.Ihavelearnedtomakelanterns.Icanmakethemindifferent_____suchasroundorsquare.A.sizes

B.numbers

C.shapesCBC12.Danny'smomagreesnothingisimportantthan______，sosheasksDannytodomoreexercise.A.housework

B.health

C.wealth13.—Weshouldn'tdependonothersallthetime.—You'reright，orwewilllosethe_________ofthinking.A.ability

B.courage

C.powerBA语篇提能Passage（2023眉山改编）RainwasloudlyhittingmywindowwhenIwokeup.Holidaysaremyonly

1

tosleepin，butIcouldn'tsleepbecauseofthesoundoftherain.Mybrainwasawakeandfullof

2

，soIdecidedtogetupandfinishmyproject.()1.A.treasure B.accident C.chance()2.A.ways B.rules C.ideasCCIwenttoacoffeeshopandstartedtaking3onwhatwashappeningaroundme.WhenIlookedattheparkinglot，anelderlycoupleinacarcaughtmy4.Afterparking，thewomangotoutandwenttohelpherhusbandoutofthecar.Thentheyenteredthe5handinhand.()3.A.notes B.courses C.risks()4.A.memory B.attention C.praise()5.A.shop B.school C.officeABAAssoonastheycameinside，aracecarappearedintheparkinglot.Withitsfour6open，Isawseveralteenagers.Theyoungmanwhowasdrivingithadturnedupthe7sohighthatIcouldheariteveninthecoffeeshop.However，theywerenotbadguys.Theywerejustenjoyingthemusic.()6.A.wheels B.windows C.rooms()7.A.light B.phone C.musicBCAlotofmemoriescameintomy8.Icouldnotstopthinkingaboutthep