天津市北辰区2025届高三英语模拟考试三模试题含解析

PAGEPAGE29天津市北辰区2025届高三英语模拟考试（三模）试题（含解析）本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第Ⅰ卷留意事项：1.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2.本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Standoverthereyou’llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1.—Youmustn’ttell________aboutthematter.It’sasecretbetweenyouandme.—OK.Ipromiseyou.A.anyoneelse B.nooneelse C.nobodyelse D.someoneelse.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查复合不定代词的用法。句意：这件事你禁止告知任何人。这是你我之间的隐私。好，我答应你。else用作形容词常做后置定语，即放在疑问代词who,what,which等后面，或者放在something,anything,nothing,anyone,everyone等复合不定代词的后面。依据题意可知，该句为否定句，故选择anyoneelse译为“任何人”。故选A项。2.Asearchgroupwasorganizedtolookfortheuniversitystudents_______inthemountain.A.trapping B.havingtrapped C.totrapped D.trapped【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个调查队被组织起来去找寻困在大山里的高校生。betrappedin意为“陷入……”，trap和students构成被动关系，且是已完成的动作，所以用过去分词形式作定语，故选D。3.AfricanAmericans________about13%ofthepopulationoftheUnitedStates.A.accountfor B.getacross C.engagein D.contributeto【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语的词义辨析。句意：非裔美国人约占美国人口的13%。A.accountfor（比例）占；B.getacross通过；C.engagein从事于；D.contributeto有助于。依据“about13%ofthepopulationof”约占人口的13%，可知，此处表示非裔美国人占美国人口的比例。故选A项。【点睛】本题考查动词短语的词义辨析，要求学生驾驭大纲内每个短语的意义及用法。在本类型题的解题过程中须要明确句子的或许意思，才能明确的推断出用来形容某人或者某事物的词语。当然明确辨析出各个短语的含义也是很重要的。4.Therichmanoftenprovidesthelocalpoorpeoplewithfreefoodandmoney,sotheyareverythankfulforhis________.A.adventure B.generosity C.passion D.personally【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个富人常常给当地的穷人免费供应食物和钱，所以他们特别感谢他的慷慨。A.adventure冒险；B.generosity慷慨，大方；C.passion激情，热忱D.personally亲自地，当面。依据Therichmanoftenprovidesthelocalpoorpeoplewithfreefoodandmoney可知此处表示感谢富人的慷慨行为。故选B项。5.Thelawrequiresthateveryoneshouldbeequal________race,religionorsex.A.insearchfor B.insupportof C.onbehalfof D.regardlessof【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：不管你属于哪一人种，信仰哪种宗教，是哪种性别的人，法律面前人人同等。A.insearchfor找寻，寻求；B.insupportof支持，拥护；C.onbehalfof代表；D.regardlessof不管，不顾。依据句意，法律面前人人同等，是不管人种、宗教、性别这些因素的，不会区分对待，故选D。6.________inthetrafficjam,Iusuallysetoutat7:00inthemorningfromhomebycar.A.Toavoidtobecaught B.Toavoidbeingcaught.C.Avoidingbeingcaught D.Avoidingtobecaught【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避开遭遇交通堵塞，我通常早晨7点开车从家动身。分析句子结构可知此处应用不定式短语在句中充当目的状语，固定短语avoiddoingsth.“避开做某事”，主语I与catch构成被动关系，所以要用动名词的被动语态。故选B。7.________,wehadplannedatourofEnglandbutwedidn’tgointheend.A.Slightly B.Originally C.incredibly D.Conveniently【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词的词义辨析。句意：起初，我们支配去英国旅行，但最终没有去。A.Slightly稍微地；B.Originally起初；C.incredibly难以置信地；D.Conveniently便利地。依据“intheend”以及表转折的连接词“but”可知，最初支配去旅行，但是最终没有去。故选B项。【点睛】本题考查副词词义辨析，须要考生相识所给的四个副词，之后才能结合句意选出正确答案。四个词的意思是“稍微地”、“起初”、“难以置信地”和“便利地”，依据“intheend”以及表转折的连接词“but”，可以推断空白处指的是“起初”。故选B项。8.Asstudents,wemust________onourstudiesandworkhardinsteadoffoolingaround.Ainvestigate B.memories C.approach D.concentrate【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为学生，我们必需集中精力于学习和努力学习，而不是游手好闲。A.investigate调查；B.memories记忆；C.approach接近；D.concentrate集中。依据insteadoffoolingaround可知此处表示集中精力于学习和努力学习，固定短语concentrateon集中精力于，聚精会神于，专注于。故选D项。9.Thepeopleinthemountainvillagetreateduslikeoldfriends_________wewerestrangerstothem.A.sothat B.asif C.eventhough D.aslongas【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查从属连词。句意：即使我们对于他们来说是生疏人，山村里的人们还是像老挚友一样对待我们。A.sothat以便，为了；B.asif似乎；C.eventhough即使；D.aslongas只要。依据句意，前一句说“村民们像老挚友一样对待我们”，后一句说“我们是生疏人”，两个句子之间应当是让步关系，因此用eventhough引导让步状语从句。sothat引导目的状语从句/结果状语从句；asif引导方式状语从句；aslongas引导条件状语从句。故选C项。10.ThereasonwhyIhavecomehereforthejobisthatIjustwanttomakepracticaluseof_________Ihavelearnedinclass.A.which B.how C.what D.whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句（宾语从句）。句意：我之所以来这里应聘这份工作，是因为我就是要让课上所学派上实际用场。A.which哪一个；B.how怎样，如何；C.what什么，……的东西，……的事物；D.whether是否。分析句子结构，介词of后接名词或名词性从句，此处为名词性从句，要求补全引导词。从句缺少宾语，指物，结合句意，此处指的是“所学的东西”，只有what符合语境，故选C。11.—Youseemtobefamiliarwiththetown.Yes,I_________herefor4years.It’sgreattobebackagainA.studied B.havestudied C.amstudying D.hadstudied【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：——你似乎对这个城市很熟识。——是的，我在这里学习了4年。很兴奋再次回来。依据“It’sgreattobebackagain”可知，在这里学习4年，现在故地重游，陈述的过去的客观事实，所以用一般过去时。故选A。12.—Look,someboysaredoinghippop.—________!Theperformanceisgreat.A.Cool B.Notatall C.Absolutely D.Definitely【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——看，有些男孩在玩嘻哈。——很酷！表演很精彩。A.Cool酷的，精彩的；B.Notatall一点也不，根本不；C.Absolutely完全第，当然是，确定是；D.Definitely清晰地，确定地，明确地。依据Theperformanceisgreat.可知此处表示男孩玩嘻哈是很酷的。故选A项。13.—IwonderwhetherHelenwillbeherebyfive.—Hermothersaidshelefthomeathalfpastfour.She________behereattenpastfive.A.dare B.should C.shall D.need【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——我不知道海伦五点以前会不会到这儿。——她妈妈说她四点半离开家。她应当在5点10分到这里。A.dare敢；敢于；B.should应当；C.shall可以；将；D.need须要。依据前文“Hermothersaidshelefthomeathalfpastfour.”可知，她妈妈说她四点半离开家，因此说话人推想出“她按道理/应当会在五点10分到达”这种可能性。选项B“should”可表示可能性，常译为“按道理说或应当”含义。故选B项。14.Covid-19,themostdeadlyvirusinrecentyears,begantoattackpeopleatthebeginningofthisyear,from________effectpeoplearestillsuffering.A.that B.those C.whose D.what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新型冠状病毒，近年来最致命的病毒，起先在今年初攻击人类，人们仍在遭遇新冠病毒之苦。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Covid-19，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，应运用whose。故选C项。15.—I’vebeenpromotedtothedirectorofHRandI’mwonderingwhetherIcanaskforabigpayrise.—________.Afterall,theeconomyisstrugglingthesedays.A.Youcanmakeit. B.Goodforyou C.You’vegonetoofar D.It’suptoyou【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我已经升任为人事主管，我在想我是否可以要求一次大幅度的提薪。——你太过分啦。终归，最近一段时间经济正困顿交加。A.Youcanmakeit.你可以的；B.Goodforyou真棒，真为你兴奋；C.You’vegonetoofar你太过分了；D.It’suptoyou由你来定，取决于你。依据此处情景，在（企业）经济困难时期要求一个大幅度加薪，明显是天方夜谭，只能说这是个有些过分的要求，故选C。其次节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，驾驭其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。“Excuseme,”hewavedtothewaiter.Thewaiterarrivedatourtable.“I____16____cottagecheese,butthisisthemushroom.”Thewaiterreturnedwitha(n)____17____smileonhisfaceandsaid,“I’msorrysir.I____18____tooktheorderforthemushroom.”“Thenchangeitimmediately,”Isaidangrily.Ihad____19____myprofessor,whohadretiredasCEOofabillion-dollarmultinationalcorporation,tolunchatthe____20____restaurant.Thewaitersmiledawkwardly.I____21____tobeginthe“do-you-know-who-he-is”dialogue.Butmyprofessorwasquicker.Hesaid,“It’salright.Justdon’t____22____meforbothdishes,”andlaughed.“No,sir.Sorry,sir.Thankyou,sir,”thewaitersaidandthe____23____andgratefulnesswerewrittenalloverhisface.“Whydidyoudothat,sir?”Iasked,____24____.”It’shisdutytochangeyourdish,”Isaid.“Seehowcrowdedtherestaurantis?It’sa(n)____25____noon.Vernon,”myprofessorsaid.“Changingmyorderwouldmeanmore____26____forhimandthechef.Maybethewaiteris____27____.Heprobablywouldgetawarningfromthemanagerforthis____28____.Whyputthemthroughallthis____29____?Thismushroomisn’tbad.”Whenthebillarrived,myprofessor____30____payingit.Heevenleftabigtip.Whenwewalkedout,hesmiledatthewaiter,who____31____solowthatIthoughthe’dbreakhisback.Myprofessoralsosmiledand____32____thedoormanwhenhethankedusforvisiting.Herewasmyprofessor,Mr.Smith,beingsympathetictopeoplebelowhis____33____,andtreatingthemlikefriends.“Thetruemeasureofamanis____34____hetreatssomeonewhocandohimabsolutelynogood,”saidSamuelJohnson.I’llfollowmyprofessor’s____35____andtrymybesttodothesame.16.A.mentioned B.ignored C.noticed D.ordered17.A.apologetic B.ridiculous C.meaningful D.unnecessary18.A.accurately B.accidently C.primarily D.appropriately19.A.referred B.introduced C.brought D.guided20.A.remote B.common C.elegant D.self-service21.A.happened B.prepared C.managed D.failed22.A.charge B.blame C.thank D.punish23.A.peace B.confidence C.worry D.relief24.A.excited B.moved C.surprised D.disappointed25.A.normal B.busy C.hot D.unique26.A.work B.income C.value D.practice27.A.smart B.careful C.friendly D.new28.A.actively B.duty C.mistake D.intention29.A.break B.boredom C.training D.trouble30.A.puton B.insiston C.comeon D.geton31.A.bowed B.stood C.sat D.fell32.A.acknowledge B.recognized C.observed D.understood.33.A.age B.status C.expectation D.standard34.A.when B.why C.how D.what35.A.call B.advice C.procedure D.example【答案】16.D17.A18.B19.C20.C21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.D30.B31.A32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了作者和教授一起吃午饭，服务员不当心上错菜，教授确定宽恕，并且给了一大笔小费的故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我点的是农家干酪，但这是蘑菇。A.mentioned提示；B.ignored忽视；C.noticed留意；D.ordered点菜。依据Thewaiterarrivedatourtable以及butthisisthemushroom可知，作者和教授在参观吃饭，所以这里是在讲点的菜。故此题选D。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：服务员带着歉意的微笑回来说：“对不起，先生。我不当心接了蘑菇的订单。”A.apologetic致歉的；B.ridiculous可笑的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.unnecessary没必要的。上文讲到上错了菜，所以这时候须要到致歉。故此题选A。【18题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句看法上一题。A.accurately精确地；B.accidently意外地；C.primarily最初地；D.appropriately合适地。通过下文服务员说到，他接了蘑菇的订单可知，他并不是有意上错菜的，是一次意外。故此题选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我带着已经退休的教授，还是一家价值数十亿美元的跨国公司的首席执行官来这家高级的餐馆吃饭。A.referred涉及；B.introduced介绍；C.brought带着；D.guided指导。通过上文可知，我和我的教授一起来吃饭，所以是我带着我的教授。故此题选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句看法上一题。A.remote遥远的；B.common常见的；C.elegant优雅的、高级的；D.self-service资助的。上文whohadretiredasCEOofabillion-dollarmultinationalcorporation，所以是作者带教授去了一个比较高级的地方。故此题选C。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我打算起先“你知道他是谁吗”的对话。A.happened发生；B.prepared打算；C.managed管理；D.failed失败。下文Butmyprofessorwasquicker，可知我的话还没说出口，所以是打算说。故此题选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“两道菜都别收我的钱，”他笑着说。A.charge收费；B.blame责怪；C.thank感谢；D.punish惩处。通过最终教授付了钱还给了小费，我们可以推断出这里教授是开玩笑的说教授不打算付钱了。故此题选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：服务生说，脸上写满了欣慰和感谢之情。A.peace和平；B.confidence自信；C.worry担忧；D.relief宽慰。依据gratefulnesswerewrittenalloverhisface，可知，服务员很欣慰。故此题选D。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你为什么要那样做，先生？我惊异地问道。A.excited激烈的；B.moved感动的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.disappointed悲观的。依据It’shisdutytochangeyourdish,”，可知作者对于教授的做法难以理解。故此题选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今日中午很忙。A.normal正常的；B.busy繁忙的；C.hot热的；D.unique独特的。通过上文的Seehowcrowdedtherestaurantis?可知餐馆人许多，很忙。故此题选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更改我的菜单，那么主厨和他的工作量就会增加。A.work工作；B.income收入；C.value价值；D.practice练习。换菜单的话厨师就要做另一道菜，所以工作量就增加了。故此题选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：或许这个服务员是新来的。A.smart聪慧的；B.careful细致的；C.friendly友好的；D.new新的。上文说到服务员上错菜犯了错，所以他有可能是新来的。故此题选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可能会因为这个错误而受到经理的警告。A.actively主动；B.duty职责；C.mistake错误；D.intention目的。上文I3tooktheorderforthemushroom.说到服务员上错了菜，所以这是一个错误。故此题选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么要让他们经验这么多麻烦？A.break休息；B.boredom厌烦；C.training训练；D.trouble麻烦。依据上文Changingmyorderwouldmeanmore11forhimandthechef.换菜单的话厨师就要做另一道菜，所以工作量就增加了，会给他们带来一系列麻烦。故此题选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当结账单时，教授还是坚持付了款。A.puton穿上；B.insiston坚持；C.comeon加油；D.geton上车。上文教授打趣说到不付钱，但是下文教授还是给了钱，所以教授还是坚持认为应当给钱。故此题选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：服务生深深地鞠躬，我想他会伤到背的。A.bowed鞠躬；B.stood站立；C.sat坐；D.fell跌倒。通过下文breakhisback可知，大幅度鞠躬会伤到背。故此题选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当门卫感谢我们来访时，我的教授也微笑着向他道谢。A.acknowledge致谢；B.recognized意识到；C.observed视察；D.understood理解。依据whenhethankedusforvisiting可知，教授也通过微笑表示了感谢。故此题选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：史密斯教授对地位低下的人很怜悯，把他们当作挚友对待。A.age年纪；B.status地位；C.expectation期盼；D.standard标准。本文讲的是教授和服务员的故事，可知服务员和教授相比，地位比教授的地位低。故此题选B。【34题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：真正衡量一个人，是看他如何对待与他毫不相干的人。A.when时间；B.why缘由；C.how方式；D.what怎么样。本文讲解并描述的是教授如何对待犯错的服务员，所以文章讲的是如何待人，表方式。故此题选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将以我的教授为榜样，尽我所能做到这一点。A.call电话；B.advice建议；C.procedure步骤；D.example例子。依据trymybesttodothesame.可知，作者也要尝试这样去做可知，作者把教授当成了自己的榜样。故此题选D。其次部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AItisoftensaidthat“apictureisworthathousandwords.”ThatiscertainlytrueoftheimagesoffleetingmomentsofnaturesubmittedbyinternationalecologistsandstudentsfortheBritishEcologicalSociety’s(BES)annualphotographycompetition.Hereareafewof2019’swinningentries.RedNightPhotographedbyRobertoGarciaRoa,itwasdeclaredlastyear’soverallwinner.Theimagecapturesboththebeautyofthemagnificentsnakeanditsfearofhumanthreatslikefires.Theecologistsays,“DuringmyvisittoMadagascar,Ihadthepleasureoffindingthissnakeandphotographingit.Toofferadramaticscenereflectingtheconditionsthatthesesnakesaresuffering,Iusedanexternalredlightasasourceoflighttocapturetheenvironment.”TheRhino’sAnnualHaircutItwasphotographedbyecologistMollyPenny.Theongoingdemandforrhino(犀牛)hornshasreducedthepopulationtojust30,000globally.Totrytosavethespecies,ecologistsinSouthAfrica,hometoover20,000southernwhiterhinos,havedecidedtosawoff(锯掉)itpartoftheanimals’horns,whichregroweveryyear.“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut,”capturedbeautifullyintheblack-and-whitephotobyMollyPennyfromtheUniversityoftheWestofEngland,reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingcruellymurdered.FortheLoveofFlamingosPhotographedbyPeterHudson,itcapturesaheart-shapedcloudofpinkflamingosinKenya,whichistrulyasightlikenoneother.Theecologistsays,“FlamingosarealllegsandnecksbutmeanwhilebeautifulandfascinatingandIadmitIhaveadeeppassionforthem,soIwasthrilledwhen,flyinghighoverLakeMagadi,Iwatchedthisflockfromthemselvesintoaheartshape.”.FlamesinFlumesPhotographedbyNilanjanChatterjee,itcapturesawaterredstartwaitingtocatchaninsectnearasmallwaterfall.Itwasthebestoverallstudentsubmission.ThephotographerwantedtoshowthestruggletheriverbirdsarelikelytofacefromtheslowdowninwaterflowduetoplanneddamsinriversacrossIndia.36.Whatcanweknowabout“RedNight”?A.RobertoGarciaRoasufferedalottotakeit.B.Itdescribesasnake’ssufferinginthefires.C.Itwonthefirstplacein2024BES’photographycompetition.D.RobertoGarciaRoawasveryfrightenedwhenhetookit.37.Whatmaybethetopicof“TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut”?A.Thetipsonsavinganendangeredrhino.B.Thecrueltyofkillinganendangeredrhino.C.Thesceneoftakingpartofahornfromarhino.D.Themethodofhelpingarhinotogrowahornagain.38.Wherewas“FortheLoveofFlamingos”photographed?A.InSouthAfrica. B.InKenya.C.InIndia. D.InMadagascar.39.Howis“FlamesinFlumes”differentfromtheotherpictures?A.Itisastudent’swork.B.Itwasphotographedonanisland.C.Itisablack-and-whitephoto.D.Itshowswildanimals’suffering.40.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceaphotographycompetition.B.Toremindustoprotectsomeanimals.C.Towarnusofworseningnature.D.Tointroducesomewinningphotos.【答案】36.C37.C38.B39.A40.D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年在英国生态学会(BES)年度摄影竞赛中的获奖作品。【36题详解】细微环节理解题。依据RedNight中的“PhotographedbyRobertoGarciaRoa,itwasdeclaredlastyear’soverallwinner.(由罗伯托·加西亚·罗亚拍摄的这张照片被宣布为去年的总冠军。)”可知，《红色的夜晚》获得2024年BES摄影竞赛第一名。故选C。【37题详解】细微环节理解题。依据TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut中的“Totrytosavethespecies,ecologistsinSouthAfrica,hometoover20,000southernwhiterhinos,havedecidedtosawoff(锯掉)itpartoftheanimals’horns,whichregroweveryyear.TheRhino’sAnnualHaircut,”capturedbeautifullyintheblack-and-whitephotobyMollyPennyfromtheUniversityoftheWestofEngland,reducestheriskoftheanimalsbeingcruellymurdered.”可知，作品《犀牛的年度发型》是英国西部高校的莫莉·佩妮拍摄从犀牛角上取角的场景。故选C。【38题详解】细微环节理解题。依据FortheLoveofFlamingos中的“PhotographedbyPeterHudson,itcapturesaheart-shapedcloudofpinkflamingosinKenya,whichistrulyasightlikenoneother.(这张照片是由彼得·哈德森拍摄的，它在肯尼亚捕获到了一片粉红色火烈鸟的心形云，这真是独一无二的景象。)”可知，此照片是在肯尼亚拍摄的。故选B。【39题详解】细微环节理解题。依据FlamesinFlumes中的“Itwasthebestoverallstudentsubmission.(这是学生提交的最好的作品)”可知，《火焰中的羽毛》这张照片与其它照片不同之处，在于它是一副学生作品。故选A。【40题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段“ThatiscertainlytrueoftheimagesoffleetingmomentsofnaturesubmittedbyinternationalecologistsandstudentsfortheBritishEcologicalSociety’s(BES)annualphotographycompetition.Hereareafewof2019’swinningentries.(在英国生态学会(BES)年度摄影竞赛中，国际生态学家和学生们提交了一组自然转瞬即逝的照片。以下是2024年获奖作品。)”可推断，此文的目的是介绍一些获奖照片。故选D。BLikemanyotherstudentsbeginninggraduateschoolIwasquicklychargedwithresponsibilitiesandhadtofindtimeforstudyingbylettinggoofmanyotherthingsIvalued.Lettinggooffootballandtheviolinwas,however,self-defeating:itmighthavebroughtmemoretimeintheshortterm,butspendingthatextratimeonworkonly’madememorestressedandlessproductive.TowardstheendoftheMSC(MasterofScienceprogram)startedtolosemymotivationandcuriosityforscienceandresearch,aswellasmycreativity.Spendingsomuchtimeandenergyinthelaboratory,andfocusingallmyattentiononmythesisandcourses,mademefeeldownandalmosttotallyuninterestedinmyfield-nottomentionshort-temperedandoversensitiveinmypersonalcommunications.Overtime,Ilearntfromtheseexperiences.WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.Mymentor(导师)andIdiscussedmywork-lifebalanceearlyinmyprogram,andwearrangeourlabresponsibilitiesaccordingly.Isetboundariesformyselfinnewways:‘ratherthandoinglabworkallweekend,I’dplayfootballortheviolin,orvisitlovedones,beforeallowingmyselftoworkforafewhours.Thiswashardatfirst:Iworriedthatitwouldaffectmystandingwithmypeers,andsuperiors,butIhadlearntfromexperiencesthatanoverloadedschedulecandrain(使疲惫)yousomuchthatyoubecomeunfocusedandstartmakingmistakesorforgettingimportantdetails.Sinceestablishingabetterwork-lifebalance,I’vebeendoingwellingraduateschool.Outsidethelab,I’vebeenabletotakeupafewleadershippositionsatmyuniversitybecauseI’mnotasstressedwithmywork.Iserveasourdepartment’sstudentcouncilorandIamalsovice-presidentacademicintheHealthSciencesGraduateStudents’Association.Myadviceisthis:ahealthywork-lifebalanceisn’taluxury;it’sakeypartofsuccessingraduateprograms.41.Whatistheauthor’sproblem?A.Hemuststudyhardtograduate.B.Hemustgiveuphishobbyforstudy,C.Hedidn’tknowhowtostudymoreeffectively.D.Hedidn’tknowhowtodealwithpressure.42.Paragraph2shows________.A.thechallengesofanMSCprogramB.theconsequencesofgivinguphobbiesC.thebenefitsoffocusingonschoolworkD.theimportanceofbalancingstudyandhobbies43.Tobalanceacademicandpersonallife,theauthor________.A.askshispeersforhelpB.seekstoreducehislabdutiesC.putshishobbiesfirstmoreoftenD.avoidsschoolworkatweekendsatall44.Whentheauthorgetshishandstoofull,he________.A.tendstoputthingsonholdB.tendstolosetheattentiontodetailsC.willlosehispatiencewithhisacademicworkD.willmakeanewscheduleaccordingly45.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor’spersonalexperience?A.It’snevertoolatetomakeachangeintheuniversity.B.It’seasytobework-lifebalancedinourlives.C.Multi-taskinghasmanyadvantagesintheuniversity.D.Work-lifebalanceisnecessaryintheuniversity.【答案】41.B42.B43.C44.B45.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，通过讲解并描述作者自身的经验，论述了平衡工作和生活的重要性。【41题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章第一段“Lettinggooffootballandtheviolinwas,however,self-defeating:itmighthavebroughtmemoretimeintheshortterm,butspendingthatextratimeonworkonly’madememorestressedandlessproductive.”放弃足球和小提琴却会弄巧成拙:它可能会在短期内给我带来更多时间，但把多余的时间花在工作上只会“让我压力更大，效率更低”。可知，作者遇到的问题是，他必需放弃自己的爱好来抓紧时间学习。故选B项。【42题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段可知，在MSC快结束的时候，作者起先失去了对科学和探讨的动力和新奇心，也失去了创建力。在试验室里花了那么多时间和精力，把全部的留意力都集中在论文和课程上，这让作者心情低落，对自己的领域几乎完全不感爱好——更别提在个人沟通中脾气急躁、过于敏感了。可知，本段表明白作者放弃自己爱好的结果。故选B项。【43题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章第三段“WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.”当我起先我的博士学位，我专注于平衡学术成就和个人时生活，并使个人华蜜优先(首要事情)在我每周的日程支配。可知，作者为了平衡学术成就和个人生活更多的把自己的爱好放在第一位。故选C项。【44题详解】推理推断题。由文章倒数其次段“Ihadlearntfromexperiencesthatanoverloadedschedulecandrain(使疲惫)yousomuchthatyoubecomeunfocusedandstartmakingmistakesorforgettingimportantdetails.”我从阅历中学到一个过载的时辰表可以使你如此疲惫以至于使你变得无失去留意力，起先犯错误或遗忘重要的细微环节。可以推断，当作者手头工作太多时，他会简洁忽视细微环节。故选B项。45题详解】推理推断题。文章通过讲解并描述自己的经验，放弃爱好专注学习使作者压力更大、效率更低，之后通过自己的经验相识到了要留意工作和生活的平衡；尤其是文章最终一段“ahealthywork-lifebalanceisn’taluxury;it’sakeypartofsuccessingraduateprograms.”健康的工作与生活平衡不是一种奢侈，这是探讨生课程胜利的关键部分。可以推断，依据作者的阅历，我们可以知道工作与生活的平衡在高校是必要的。故选D项。【点睛】细微环节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能依据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数状况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者须要依据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特殊留意文章的时间依次、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第3题文章中，由文章第三段“WhenIstartedmyPhD,Ifocusedonbalancingacademicsuccesswithpersonaltime-off,andmadepersonalhappinessapriority(首要事情)inmyweeklyschedule.”当我起先我的博士学位，我专注于平衡学术成就和个人时生活，并使个人华蜜优先(首要事情)在我每周的日程支配。可知，作者为了平衡学术成就和个人生活更多的把自己的爱好放在第一位。故选C项。CPurdueUniversityresearchershaveengineeredflyingrobotsthatbehavelikehummingbirds,trainedbymachinelearningalgorithms(计算程序)basedonvarioustechniquesthebirdusesnaturallyeveryday.Therobotwouldbeabletoflybetterthroughcollapsedbuildingstofindtrappedvictims.Eventhoughsucharobotcan’tseeyetitsensesbytouchingsurfaces.Eachtouchchangesanelectriccurrent,whichtheresearchersrealizedthattheycouldtrack.XinyanDeng,aprofessor,andhercolleaguesatPurduehavebeentryingtodecode(破译)hummingbirdflightsothatrobotscanflywherelargeraircraftcan’t.Deng’sgroupstudiedhummingbirdsthemselvesformanysummersinMontana.Theydocumentedkeyhummingbirdactions,suchasmakingarapid180-degreeturn,andtranslatedthemtocomputeralgorithmsthattherobotcouldlearnfromwhenconnectedwithasimulation(模拟操作).FurtherstudyonthephysicsofinsectsandhummingbirdsallowedPurdueresearcherstobuildrobotssmallerthanhummingbirds--andevenassmallasinsects-withoutcompromisingthewaytheyfly.Thesmallerthesize,thegreaterthewingflappingfrequency,andthemoreefficientlytheyfly.Therobotshave3D-printedbodiesandwingsmadeofcarbonfiber.Theresearchershavebuiltonehummingbirdrobotweighing12grams--theweightoftheaverageadulthummingbird.Thehummingbirdrobotcanliftupto27grams.Designingtheirrobotswithhigherliftgivestheresearchersmoreroomtoeventuallyaddabatteryandsensingtechnology,suchasa-cameraorGPS.Currently,therobotneedstobetiedtoanenergysourcewhileitflies-butthatwon’tbeformuchlonger,theresearcherssay.Therobotscouldflysilentlyjustasarealhummingbirddoes,makingthemmoreidealforcovert(转换)operations.Robotichummingbirdswouldnotonlyhelpwithsearch-and-rescuetasks,butalsoallowbiologiststomorereliablystudyhummingbirds.Intheirnaturalenvironmentthroughthesensesofarealisticrobot.ThisworkispartofPurdue’s1501°anniversary.Thisisoneofthefourthemesofthecelebration’sIdeasFestival,designedtoshowPurdueasanintellectualcentersolvingreal-worldissues.46.Thehummingbirdrobotcouldbehelpfulinsearchingforvictims.A.inaverywidearea B.inadesertC.inadarkplace D.inthesea47.Whatcanweknowaboutthehummingbirdrobot?A.Itisaslightasaninsect. B.Itcanflytoanyplace.C.Itcanseewheretogo. D.Thesmalleritis,thebetter.48.Whatisthedisadvantageoftherobotichummingbirdatpresent?A.Itbarelyliftsitsweight. B.It’snotequippedwithabattery.C.Itcan’tflytoohighinthesky. D.Itproducesalittlenoiseoutside.49.Besidesbeingusefulinrescues,thehummingbirdrobotcanhelp.A.biologiststostudyhummingbirds B.biologiststostudywildlifeC.transportdangerousgoods D.protectbirdsinthewild【答案】46.C47.D48.B49.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了普渡高校(PurdueUniversity)的探讨人员邓新燕教授和她的同事们设计出了行为像蜂鸟的飞行机器人，它能够在倒塌的建筑物中飞行，找寻被困的受害者。这种机器人目前还存在缺点，但是还在接着探讨和完善中。【46题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中Therobotwouldbeabletoflybetterthroughcollapsedbuildingstofindtrappedvictims.(机器人将能够更好地在倒塌的建筑物中飞行，找寻被困的受害者)可知，蜂鸟机器人可以帮助在黑暗的地方找寻受害者。故选C项。【47题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中Thesmallerthesize,thegreaterthewingflappingfrequency,andthemoreefficientlytheyfly.(体型越小，扇动翅膀的频率就越大，飞行效率也就越高)可知，蜂鸟机器人越小越好。故选D项。【48题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中Designingtheirrobotswithhigherliftgivestheresearchersmoreroomtoeventuallyaddabatteryandsensingtechnology,suchasa-cameraorGPS.Currently,therobotneedstobetiedtoanenergysourcewhileitflies.(设计出具有更高升力机器人，让探讨人员有更多空间最终添加电池和传感技术，如摄像头或GPS。目前，机器人在飞行时须要连接上能源)可知，目前蜂鸟机器人的缺点是它还没有配备电池。故选B项。【49题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中Robotichummingbirdswouldnotonlyhelpwithsearch-and-rescuetasks,butalsoallowbiologiststomorereliablystudyhummingbirds.(蜂鸟机器人不仅能帮助搜救任务，还能让生物学家更牢靠地探讨蜂鸟)可知，除了在救援中有用，蜂鸟机器人还可以帮助生物学家探讨蜂鸟。故选A项。DWeallhaveourbaddays.Nooneisgoingtowakeupeachandeverymorninginacheerymood.Sometimesweallfeeljustalittlebitgrumpier(脾气急躁的)thanusual,andthat’sjustapartofbeinghuman.Yetoncewegettotheoffice,manyintheworkforcefeelitnecessarytohidetheiremotions,whethertheyareinfrustration,anger,orsadness.Interestingly,anewstudyfindskeepingone’sbehaviorattheofficeauthenticwillresultingreaterproductivityandabetterrelationshipwithco-workers.Inotherwords:acthowyoufeel,anddon’tfakeit.It’sextremelycommonfortheaverageworkspacetopreachanattitudeofcontinuouspositivity.WhilethismaybebeneficialfromtheCEO’sviewpoint,itjustisn’trealisticwhenappliedtorealpeoplewithrealproblemsanddailyhardships.That’swhy,theresearchteamhaveconcluded,employeeswillactuallyfeelbetter,workharder,andconnectmorewiththeircolleaguesiftheydon’thidetheirfeelingswithafakesmile.Over2,500workingadults,fromavarietyofindustriessuchasfinanceorengineering,tookpartinthisresearchviasurveys.Thequestionnairesmeasuredtwodistincttypesofon-the-jobemotionalregulation:surfaceactinganddeepacting.Surfaceactingmeansfakinghappinesswhileinteractingwithotheremployees;anddeepactingreferstoactivelytryingtochangeone’semotionsandfeelingsinordertobemorepleasantatwork.Thestudy’sauthorswereinterestedtoseehowcommonitisforworkingadultstoregulatetheiremotionswhileontheclock,andifso.Why?Whatbenefitsareemployeesgainingfromsuchbehavior?Afteranalyzingallofthesurveyresponses,researchersidentifiedf