黑龙江省2024-2025学年高二英语学业水平考试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE32黑龙江省2024-2025学年高二英语学业水平考试试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后"你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Weightheboxes.B.Washherhands.C.Helpmovetheboxes.2.WhatwillthewomandoonFridaynight?A.Watchamovie.B.Haveaclass.C.Gotoaconcert3.Whydidn'tthemanhaveagoodholiday?A.Itonlylastedthreedays.B.Theweatherwasbad.C.Theflightwascanceled.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataschool.B.Atagym.C.Atastadium.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatthetalkisabout.B.Whenthebookshopcloses.C.WhoJohnFranklinis.其次节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Tidyherroom.B.Searchforthereport.C.Avoidtellingherbossthetruth.7.Wherehasthewomanfoundthereport?A.Onthedesk.B.Onthebookshelf.C.Onthefloor.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whyisthemantalkingtothewoman?A.Tosaythankstoher.B.Toaskforsomeadvice.C.Toapologizeforhismistake.9.Whyweretheman'sparentsangrywithhimlastweek?A.Herangthemupatmidnight.B.liegothomesolate.C.Hegotintoafightwithhisclassmates.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Unhappy.B.Excited.C.Tired.11.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheshouldloseweight.B.Herhairstyleisinamess.C.Herclothesarenice.12.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Buyadress.B.Wearjeanstotheopera.C.Haveatalkwithhermum.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanabout?AHerflightnumber.B.Herfavouriterestaurant.C.Herscheduleforatrip.14.Whatwillthewomandoonthe16th?A.Haveaninterview.B.LeaveShanghai.C.Visitafactory.15.Whenwillthewomanbegintogiveaspeechonthe17th?A.At9:00.B.At1:15.C.At5:00.16.Whenarethespeakersgoingtohavedinnertogether?A.Onthe16th.B.Onthe18th.C.Onthe17tb.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmuchisthemostpopularticket?A.£39.B.£43.C.£55.18.WhostartedMadameTussaudsmuseum?A.AFrenchking.B.AnartteacherC.Afamousfootballer.19.WhereisthesecondMadameTussaudsmuseum?A.InLondonB.InWashington.C.InAmsterdam.20.Whatwillthespeakerdoinaminute?A.GotoBakeStreet.B.Handoutsomeguidebooks.C.Leadthelistenerstothemuseumshop.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMotherNatureisacruelmistress.Why?Readontofindtheanswer.VeniceThisiconiccityissinkingrapidly.ThecanalsthatmakeupthestreetsofVenicerise2mmeveryyear,makingrelicsofhistorygounderthesurfaceofwateranddestroyingarchitecture.Expertswarnthatwithoutintervention,thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate,consumedbyrisingsealevelfrommeltingpolaricecaps.MachuPicchuTheseIncanruinshavedrawnadventuroustouristsintothemountainsofSouthAmerica.Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarklacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic.ThePeruviangovernmentsuggestedacablecarthatwouldcutouttheintensehikeuptotheruins,makingthesiteinstantlyaccessibletomillions,butthefutureofMachuPicchuremainsuncertain.GlacierNationalParkPerhapsyou'veheardthattheicecapsaremelting.ButnowhereismoreapparentintheUnitedStatesthaninGlacierNationalPark.Estimatesindicatethattheglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades.TheGreatBarrierReefUnfortunately,hiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves,theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff.Nearlyfiftypercentofcoralwhichonceoccupiedalargeareaisgone,destroyedbypollutionanddisease.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutMachuPicchu?A.Itislosingitsattractiontotourists. B.It'sfamousforcablecars.C.It'swellpreservedbythelocals. D.Itbearsaheavyburdenoftourism.2.Whichplaceprobablyneedsvisitorstodiveintothewatertoenjoyitsbeauty?A.Venice B.MachuPicchuC.GlacierNationalPark D.TheGreatBarrierReef3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdotheaboveattractionshaveincommon?A.Theyallhavealonghistory. B.They'reallthreatenedbyclimatechange.C.They'reallindangerofdisappearing. D.They'reallwell-knownfornaturalscenery.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了面临着消逝危急的四个闻名景点。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据MachuPicchu部分中“Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic.(旅游业加速了自然侵蚀的力气，而这个地标正面临着日益增加的游客步行流量的严峻影响)”可知，MachuPicchu承载着沉重的旅游业负担。故选D。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“Unfortunately,hiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves,theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff.(不幸地是，隐藏在海浪之下的大堡礁正在快速消亡)”可知，大堡礁可能须要游客潜入水中观赏它的漂亮。故选D。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Expertswarnthatwithoutintervention(干预),thiscitywilldisappearbackintothewateratanevenfasterrate,consumedbyrisingsealevelfrommeltingpolaricecaps.(专家警告说，假如不加以干预，这座城市将会以更快的速度消逝在水中，被极地冰盖溶化导致的海平面上升所吞噬)”；第三段中“Theforcesofnaturalerosionhavebeenacceleratedbytourismandthislandmarkfacessevereinfluencefromincreasingfoottraffic.(旅游业加速了自然侵蚀的力气，而这个地标正面临着日益增加的步行流量的严峻影响)”；第四段中“Estimatesindicatethattheglaciersthatarepartofthebeautyofthisnationallandmarkwilldisappearentirelyinthenexttwodecades.(据估计，作为这个国家地标漂亮的一部分的冰川将在将来20年内完全消逝)”以及最终一段“Hiddenfromviewbeneaththewaves,theGreatBarrierReefhasbeenrapidlydyingoff.Nearlyfiftypercentofcoralwhichonceoccupiedalargeareaisgone,destroyedbypollutionanddisease.(隐藏在海浪之下的大堡礁正在快速消亡。由于污染和疾病的破坏，曾经占据大片区域的近50%的珊瑚已经消逝)”由此可知，以上景点的共同之处是它们都有消逝的危急。故选C。BOncetheyreachacertainage,lotsofwomenfindmotherhoodexhausting,butnotBrooklyn-basedNinaKeneally.The63-year-oldstillhaslotsof“motheringskills”thatshe'sactuallymorethanhappytorentoutthroughauniqueservicecalled“NeedaMom”.Hermottois“Whenyouneedamom—JustnotYOURmom.”Aformertheatricalproduceranddrug-rehabadviserfromConnecticut,NinanowspendsallhertimeusinghermotherhoodexperienceandherassociatedegreeinhelpingindividualsinNewYork.For$40anhourplusexpenses,Ninawilllistentoallyourproblems,offeradvice(freefrom"Itoldyouso"),helpyouplanandshopforadinnerparty,sewyourbuttonsbackon,bakeyouacake,anddoallsortsofotherthingsarealmothermightdo.She’llevenbuyandwrapapresentforyouractualmother.NinaandherhusbandmovedtoBushwick,Brooklyn,fromConnecticuttwoyearsago,after30yearsofraisingtheirowntwosons.Andsherealizedearlyonthatyoungadultsbackhomeweredifferentinmanyways,“TheyoungmeninConnecticuthaveothergoals—it'sallaboutjobs,houses,permanentrelationships,"shesaid."Theygointoalmostayoungmiddleage.Buthere,it'samoredramaticallyartisticlifestyle,”However,morefreedomalsoleadstomoreproblems,andNinaoftenfoundherselfgivingadvicetoyoungmenwhoreachedouttoherinyogastudiosandcafes.“AsIstartedtoliveintheneighborhood,doyogaandfrequentcoffeeshops,I'venoticedthatalotofyoungpeopleintheneighborhoodwantedtotalktomeaboutwhatwasgoingonintheirlives,"shetoldBushwickDaily.LikethismanwhowasupsetoverlasingajobandendeduppouringhisheartouttoNinaoveracupofcoffee.Sheendeduprewritinghisresume.Soon,somanyyoungpeoplewereapproachingherthatNinarealizedshecouldreallyhelpthembybeingamother-figure,asubstitutemomintheirlives.Andthat'showNeedaMomwasborn,It'safairlynewbusinessandshe'shadaboutsixcustomerssofar,ailfromBushwick.4.WhatdoesNina'smottoimplyinParagraph1?A.Shetrustsnoonebuthermom. B.Shecanteachyouhowtobeamom.C.Shewillofferguidancelikeamomifnecessary. D.Shecantakecareofyourmomnowandthen.5.WhatwillNeedaMomreallydoforyou?A.Tocureyourmotherofsevereillness.B.TobuyanapartmentinBrooklyn.C.Tocompleteanessaybeforedueday.D.Tooffersuggestionsindealingwithsocialactivities.6.WhydidNinabeginhernewcareeraccordingtothepassage?A.Shenoticedmanyyoungadultsfacedwithproblemsandwantedtohelp.B.ShewaspersuadedbyherhusbandwhenshemovedfromConnecticut.C.Shereceivedplentyofcomplaintsovercoffeewithanupsetman.D.Shenoticedherpotentialofdealingwithtroublesomeyoungmen.7.Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.BeaGoodMom B.RentaSubstituteMomC.AssignaResponsibleMom D.ImpressaSkillfulMom【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了NinaKeneally通过创建一项名为“须要妈妈”的服务，来给广阔须要帮助的年轻人供应建议和指导。还介绍了这项服务的主要内容以及Nina开设这项服务的初衷。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中“The63-year-oldstillhaslotsof‘motheringskills’thatshe'sactuallymorethanhappytorentoutthroughauniqueservicecalled‘NeedaMom’.(63岁的她仍旧有很多“母亲技能”，事实上她更乐意通过一项名为“须要妈妈”的独特服务出租这些技能)”可推知，尼娜的座右铭示意了假如有必要，她会像妈妈一样供应指导。故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“For$40anhourplusexpenses,Ninawilllistentoallyourproblems,offeradvice(freefrom"Itoldyouso"),helpyouplanandshopforadinnerparty,sewyourbuttonsbackon,bakeyouacake,anddoallsortsofotherthingsarealmothermightdo.(只要每小时40美元（外加其他费用），尼娜就会倾听你全部的问题、为你供应建议(不会出现“我早告知过你”之类的状况)、帮你支配晚宴并为晚宴选购 、给你缝扣子、烤蛋糕，以及任何一位真正的母亲可能会做的事情)”可知，“须要妈妈”服务会为你在处理社会活动时提出建议。故选D。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Andsherealizedearlyonthatyoungadultsbackhomeweredifferentinmanyways,‘TheyoungmeninConnecticuthaveothergoals—it'sallaboutjobs,houses,permanentrelationships,’shesaid.‘Theygointoalmostayoungmiddleage.Buthere,it'samoredramaticallyartisticlifestyle,’However,morefreedomalsoleadstomoreproblems,andNinaoftenfoundherselfgivingadvicetoyoungmenwhoreachedouttoherinyogastudiosandcafes.(而她很早就意识到，家乡的年轻人在很多方面都不一样。"康涅狄格州的年轻人有其他目标——都是为了工作、房子、永久的关系。”她说。“他们几乎进入了一个年轻化的中年。但在这里，这是一种更具戏剧性的艺术生活方式。”然而，更多的自由也会带来更多的问题，尼娜常常发觉自己在瑜伽馆和咖啡馆里给那些向她求助的年轻人供应建议)”以及最终一段中“‘AsIstartedtoliveintheneighborhood,doyogaandfrequentcoffeeshops,I'venoticedthatalotofyoungpeopleintheneighborhoodwantedtotalktomeaboutwhatwasgoingonintheirlives,’shetoldBushwickDaily.(她对《布什维克日报》说:“当我起先住在旁边，做瑜伽，常常去咖啡店时，我留意到旁边有很多年轻人想和我谈谈他们生活中的事情。”)”可知，Nina起先她的新职业，是因为她留意到很多年轻人面临问题，想要帮助他们。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Oncetheyreachacertainage,lotsofwomenfindmotherhoodexhausting,butnotBrooklyn-basedNinaKeneally.The63-year-oldstillhaslotsof“motheringskills”thatshe'sactuallymorethanhappytorentoutthroughauniqueservicecalled‘NeedaMom’.Hermottois‘Whenyouneedamom—JustnotYOURmom.’(很多女性到肯定年龄后，会发觉自身母性已经耗尽。但布鲁克林的NinaKeneally可不是这样。63岁的她仍旧有很多“母亲技能”，事实上她更乐意通过一项名为“须要妈妈”的独特服务出租这些技能。她的座右铭是“当你须要妈妈的时候——但不是你妈妈。”)”结合文章主要介绍了NinaKeneally通过创建一项名为“须要妈妈”的服务，来给广阔须要帮助的年轻人供应建议和指导。还介绍了这项服务的主要内容以及Nina开设这项服务的初衷。可知，B选项“租一个替代妈妈”最符合文章标题。故选B。CIfyouhavealittlechild,whohatessittinginacarseat,thentheFreedomRideistheanswertoyourproblem.Wouldyouwanttobestuckinanunchangeablepositioneverytimeyou'reinthecar?No.Youwouldn't.Whenanadultsitsinacarforanylengthoftime,westretch,wechangetheposition,andwemoveourlegsagainandagain.Wedothiswithoutthinking.Butkidsinatraditionalcarseatcan'tdothis.Theyarestuckinoneposition,andtheycan'tmove.WemovebecausethecirculationofbloodneedstoberecoveredinourLegsaswesitinthesamepositionforlong.Inatraditionalcarseat,childrencan'tmovetoreducethepainsoitputstheminanger.TheFreedomRideletsthemhavealittlefreedom,andstillbesafe.The5-pointharnessgivesthemadditionalsafetyoveratraditionalchildcarseat.Iamthewebmasterforislandbreeze,andwhenJoeySafeaskedustoredotheirwebsiteIwasattractedbythissystem.ThatisbecauseIhavetwosmallchildren,bothgirlsaged3and4andweobviouslyusecarseats,IlivedinSouthernCalifornia,andeverycoupleofmonths,mywife,thegirlsandI,gotoseeGrandmawholivesinNevada.It'sa5-hourdrive,sotheFreedomRideworkswell.WiththeFreedomRide,wedon'tneedchildcarseatsanymoreandthereismoreroominthecar.Ourtripsaresomuchbetternow.TheFreedomRidereallydoesmakeiteasiertogoontrips.TheonlythingyouneedwhenyouusetheJoeySafeinsteadofyouroldchildcarseatisapillow.Besides,mykidswanttotakeapillowanyway!Asadad,1feelsafedrivingwiththekidsintheFreedomRide.Iamaverysafety-orientedperson.8.FromthetextwecaninfertheFreedomRideisa_____.A.carseat B.carforchildren C.safetybelt D.gamsonislandbreeze9.TheFreedomRideislikelytobedesignedfor_____.A.apersonhatingsittinginthecarforlong B.anadultoftendrivingatraditionalcarC.achildrequiringsomefreedominthecar D.adriverneedingcomfortablescats10Thepurposeofthelasttwoparagraphsmaybeto_____.A.supportthetopicofthechildcarsafetyBdescribetheadvantagesoftheFreedomRideC.introducethedetailoftheauthor'sworkandwebD.explainhowtheFreedomRidewasputontothemarket11.Thenextpartfollowingthelastparagraphwouldprobablymention_____.A.thewayoforderingtheFreedomRide B.thedesignofatraditionalcarseatC.theinformationaboutislandbreeze D.theadvantagesoftheproduct【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了FreedomRide这款产品，它是一款平安带，能让孩子在乘车途中坐得更平安更舒适。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段中“The5-pointharnessgivesthemadditionalsafetyoveratraditionalchildcarseat.(与传统的儿童汽车平安座椅相比，5点式平安带为他们供应了额外的平安保障)”可推知，FreedomRide为一款平安带，故选C。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段中“Inatraditionalcarseat,childrencan'tmovetoreducethepainsoitputstheminanger.TheFreedomRideletsthemhavealittlefreedom,andstillbesafe.(在传统的汽车座椅上，孩子们无法移动以削减难受，因此会让他们感到生气。FreedomRide让他们有了一点自由，但仍旧是平安的)”可知，FreedomRide很可能是为那些在汽车里须要一些自由的孩子设计的。故选C。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中“WiththeFreedomRide,wedon'tneedchildcarseatsanymoreandthereismoreroominthecar.Ourtripsaresomuchbetternow.(有了FreedomRide我们不再须要儿童汽车平安座椅，汽车里有了更多的空间。我们的旅行现在好多了)”以及最终一段中“TheFreedomRidereallydoesmakeiteasiertogoontrips.(FreedomRide的确使旅行变得更简洁)”可知，最终两段的目的可能是描述FreedomRide的好处。故选B。【11题详解】推理推断题。文章先介绍了FreedomRide这款产品，又举例说明白这款产品的好处，综合全文可看出这是一篇广告，故推想下一段会说如何下订单购买这款产品。故选A。DFoodblogs,celebrities,andnutritionistsalladvocatethebenefitsofeatingorganic(有机的)fruitsandvegetables.ButanewstudypublishedinScienceAdvancespaintsamorecomplexpicture.Whileorganicproduceislikelyslightlyhealthiertoeatand,insomeways,moresustainabletogrow,therearealsodownsides.Organicfruitsandvegetablestypicallycostmorethanconventionalones.Togetacertificateasorganic,farmersmustmeetspecificcriteria,includinggrowingproducewithouttheuseofgeneticengineeringandchemicalinputs.Withoutthesemethods,thegrowingprocesstypicallyrequiresmorelabor,time,andmoney,acostthatispasseddowntoconsumers.It’struethatinmanyways,organicismoresustainablethanconventionalfarming.Butwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcernssuchasgreenhousegasoutputandwaterloss,thecomparisongetscomplex.Organicfarmsproducelessgreenhousegasoutputperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(杀虫剂),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.Whilethereisn’tawholelotresearchonthetopic,thefewstudiesthatdoexistsuggestgreengasoutputandwaterlossmightactuallybehigheronorganicfarms,onaperunitbasis,saysstudyauthorVerenaSeurfert.Inaddition,whileorganicproduceislikelymorenutritiousthanconventionalfruitandvegetables,there’snotalotofevidencetosupporttheclaimthattheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluenceconsumerhealth.Thesameistrueforpesticideremainder.Indevelopedcountries,wherepesticideuseistightlyregulated,there’snoscientificconsensusonhowtheseoftenslightdifferencesinfluencehumanhealth.Still,Seurfertstressesthatifyoucanaffordtoeatorganic,youshoulddoso.Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreaseyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.Butifyoucan’taffordtobuyorganicproduce,don’tstresstoomuch,particularlyfromanutritionalperspective.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“downsides”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Dangers. B.Drawbacks. C.Benefits. D.Differences.13.Whichkeyfactormakesithardtocompareorganicfarmingandconventionalfarmingwhenitcomestoenvironmentalconcerns?A.Theyield. B.Theprice. C.Thewaterloss. D.Thelabor.14.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Farmers,workenvironmentshouldbeimproved.B.Organicproduceshouldbemademoreefficiently.C.Itisn’twiseforconsumerstobuyorganicproducts.D.Pesticideremainderdoesnoharmtopeople’shealth.15.Intheauthor’sopinion,whyshouldwesupportorganicproduce?A.It’senvironmentallyfriendly. B.It’smorenutritious.C.Ithelpskeepthevarietyofplants. D.It’ssaferforconsumers.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇争论文，虽然有机植物有很多好处，如环保和利于植物多样性，同时也有一些缺点和问题，文章具体说明白有机植物的缺点。【12题详解】揣测词义题。第一段告知我们很多人都倡议人们食用有机植物，但是有机食物也有很多缺点。第一段最终一句中的信息词“while….”表示转折关系，说明有机植物也有不利之处。文章2-5段具体说明白这些缺点。该词意为“缺点，不利之处”，故B项正确。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段三四句“Organicfarmsproducelessgreenhousegasoutputperacre.However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(杀虫剂),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.”和文章倒数其次句“Therealtakeawayfromherstudyisnotthatorganicisbadbutthatthepracticeneedsmorestudiestoincreaseyieldwithoutloweringsustainability.”可知尽管有机植物产生的温室气体较少，但是有机植物的产量较低。要想和传统方法生产出同样多的食物，对环境的影响也很大。所以生产量是其中的一个重要的因素，故A项正确。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段第四句“However,becausetheyarebarredfromusinggeneticengineering,pesticides(杀虫剂),andothermethodsthatincreaseefficiency(效率),organicfarmsalsoproduceanestimated19%to25%lessyieldthanconventionalfarms.”可知因为有机植物不用杀虫剂和化肥而产量较低，所以产量是有机植物的一个重要问题。故B项正确。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段其次句“Organicfarmsprovidesaferworkenvironmentsforworkers,plustheysupportgreatbiodiversity.”可知有机农场可以供应更平安的工作环境，同时他们也支持生物多样性。说明有机植物可以保持生物的多样性，这也是我们支持有机植物的缘由之一。故C项正确【点睛】本文小题1考查了揣测词意题。第一段最终一句中的信息词“while….”表示转折关系，说明有机植物有好处，但也有不利之处。文章2-5段具体说明白这些缺点。所以该词意为“缺点，不利之处”，解题时可以利用“对比转折法”完成。对比转折法：依据反义词或对比关系揣测词义。有时作者会用表示对比或转折的信号词连接意思相反的两个词或句子，这时就可依据反义词线索揣测词义。表示对比或反义的信号词/词组常见的有：(whether)．..or,unlike,but,yet,however,while,although,nevertheless,instead,ratherthan,incontrast,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand，but,however,although,though，while(然而),ratherthan,insteadof等标记词。其次节（共5小题,每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologistshavelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheconversationrelatedtohappiness.___16___Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcanpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeptclosenesswithlovedones,andwasn'tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscanbrightenourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers-somethingtheytypicallyavoided.___17___Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.___18___Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristasreportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction.___19___Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchhadtroublegettingaconversationroilingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered"curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.___20___A.Agoodwaytoapproachsmalltalkistofocusonafewbroadtopics.B.A“curiousmindset”,theauthorconcluded,couldleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.C.Butdon'tplaydownsmalltalk.D.Whendonewell,smalltalkisfunratherthandull,andrelaxingratherthanrequiringeffort.E.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.F.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.G.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.G20.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。心理学家始终认为，与他人沟通是华蜜的重要组成部分，但我们须要多少交谈还有待探讨。科学家认为闲聊可以增进感情。文章主要介绍了一项探讨中发觉的闲聊的好处。【16题详解】依据上文“Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheconversationrelatedtohappiness.(在一项探讨中，探讨人员发觉，闲聊只占与欢乐有关的谈话的10%)”以及后文“Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcanpromotebonding.(科学家认为，闲聊可以增进感情)”可知，上文提到闲聊只占与欢乐有关的谈话的10%，后文则提到闲聊可以增进感情，故本句与上文构成转折，提出虽然闲聊只占与欢乐有关的谈话的10%，但不应当淡化闲聊的作用。故C选项“但不要淡化闲聊”符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】依据上文“Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers-somethingtheytypicallyavoided.(在一系列的试验中，心理学家给芝加哥的乘客供应了不同的指示，关于是否与其他乘客交谈——这是他们通常避开做的事情)”以及后文“Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.(没有人说自己被拒绝了)”可知，本句应承接上文，进一步说明这些乘客在试验中反馈的结果，结合后文提到没有乘客说自己被拒绝了，可推知他们通过与他人闲聊在旅程中更加开心。故E选项“那些被告知与他人闲聊的人说有一个更开心的旅程”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】结合后文“Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristasreportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction.(与星巴克咖啡师微笑、眼神沟通、简短交谈的人比匆忙完成交易的人更有归属感)”以及“Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.(一份报告发觉，当志愿者打破缄默与参观画廊的人闲聊时，参观者比那些没有被接触的人更欢乐，更有与展览的联系)”可知，本句为本段主旨句，后文提到与星巴克咖啡色闲聊会更有归属感，说明闲聊可以帮助我们感觉与四周的环境有联系。后文中felthappierandmoreconnectedto可与F选项中相对应feelconnectedto。故F选项“闲聊也可以帮助我们感觉与四周的环境有联系”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】结合后文“Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.(一份报告发觉，当志愿者打破缄默与参观画廊的人闲聊时，参观者比那些没有被接触的人更欢乐，更有与展览的联系)”可知，后文提到了去画廊看画展，后文中gallerygoers可与G选项中相对应gallerygoers。故G选项“去画廊看画展的人也是如此”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】依据上文“Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchhadtroublegettingaconversationroilingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered‘curious’needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.(当然，有些人比其他人更擅长把闲聊变成大事。在一项探讨中，那些被探讨评为“不那么新奇”的人很难让谈话自己陷入混乱，而当他们被问及激励个人表露的问题时，他们更简洁与他人建立密切关系。但是那些被认为是“新奇”的人在将日常对话转化为个人沟通时不须要帮助)”可知，本句为本段最终一句，有总结上文的作用，上文提到闲聊更简洁与他人建立密切关系，即闲聊可以带来与他人主动的互动，故B选项“作者总结说，一个‘新奇的心态’可以带来‘主动的社会互动’。”符合语境，故选B。第三部分语言学问运用（共三节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D.四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwas11whenyouwereborn,andinyourfirstfewyearsIoftenlookedafteryou,bathedanddressedyouandtookyououtforwalks.Ihave___21___memoriesofyourchildhood.Of___22___youupasa"rockstar".Ofwatchingyoudance___23___nightclothes.OfyourinsistencethatImakeyourschoollunch___24___Iputsomuchmorepeanutbutteronyour___25___thananyoneelse.Ofthe___26___phonecallweeverhad—•anechoofmyownuniversityyears-whenyouwantedto___27___universityandstudydance.Sincewehavegrownup,Ihavelivedthroughyou,althoughyoumaynotknowit.YouhadtheopportunityIso___28___wantedbutnevergot—totraininthedancingart.Iencouragedourparentstosupportyoubecause1havealways___29___howmylifewouldbeiftheyhadn'tchosena(n)____30____careerpathforme,theireldestchild.Iknowyouhave____31____tohuntforworkandconfidence,andthatyouprobablywondersometimesifyoumadetherightchoice.____32____,IamhappyforyouandproudthatIplayedsomesmallroleinhelpingyouto____33____adream.Thereisa____34____betweenusnow.IthasgrownsinceIfirstlefthomeandinthe____35____Imissedyourteenageyears.That____36____megreatly.Iimaginethatyoubelievewehaveverylittleincommona____37____inthecityandabiologistinWestAfrica-butinyou1____38____someofmyowndreamsrealized.Butbeyondthat,evenat12or)3Ifeltasmuchamothertoyouasanoldersister.So,ontherare____39____whenweseeeachother,Iwanttoknoweverything,fromyourworries,hopestodelights.IwishI,asanadult,couldholdyouatarm's____40____.Ihopewecanonedaybesistersorfriendsagain.Istillmakeatastypeanutbuttersandwichforyou.21.A.vivid B.admirable C.awful D.painful22.A.coming B.dressing C.putting D.picking23.A.with B.as C.in D.for24.A.although B.because C.when D.if25.A.lunch B.pies C.bread D.sandwiches26.A.longest B.farthest C.simplest D.loudest27.A.giveinto B.lookawayfrom C.dropoutof D.goinfor28.A.hardly B.naturally C.perfectly D.badly29.A.wondered B.understood C.regretted D.believed30.A.musical B.traditional C.official D.individual31.A.managed B.struggled C.preferred D.threatened32.A.Besides B.Instead C.However D.Otherwise33.A.support B.choose C.have D.follow34.A.quarrel B.promise C.plan D.distance35.A.conversation B.process C.environment D.direction36.A.shocks B.moves C.upsets D.comforts37.A.dancer B.conductor C.professor D.rockstar38.A.guess B.see C.keep D.remember39.A.stages B.vacations C.spots D.occasions40.A.width B.height C.length D.depth【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.B25.D