高中英语人教版选修7课件Unit4SharingSectionⅢ-Grammar

Section

Ⅲ

—Grammar一二一、阅读下列句子,指出画线部分所作的成分1.HeisrunningashoeshopinBeijing.

2.Shehasabeautifulsmallroundoldredhat.

3.Thepupilasleepintheclassmusthavestayeduplatelastnight.

4.Thepersonstandingbythedoorisourheadmaster.

名词作定语

形容词作定语

形容词作后置定语

动词-ing短语作后置定语

一二5.Whosewalletisthis?

6.Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?

7.IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.

疑问代词作定语

that引导的从句作定语

when引导的从句作定语

一二二、阅读观察下列句子,指出引导定语从句的连接词并做出归纳总结1.Thosewhowishtogotothemuseummustbeatthegateby7:30a.m.

2.Thedoctorwhomyouarelookingforisintheroom.

3.Theflowersthatshereceivedarefromherboyfriend.

4.Jinanisacitywhichhasahistoryofmorethan2000years.

5.Nobodywantsthehousewhosewindowsarebroken.

6.IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIstayedwithyou.

who

whom

that

which

whosewhen

一二7.Canyoutellmetheaddresswhereheworks?

8.Doyouknowthereasonwhyheisabsent?

9.Idon’tknowthepersonwithwhomheistalking.

归纳

关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时,指人用

或

;

指物用

或

;关系词在从句中作状语时,指地点用

,指原因用

,指时间用

;

+which/whom也可以引导定语从句。

where

why

withwhomwhowhomthat

whichwherewhywhen

介词

本单元语法复习限制性定语从句。一、概念1.定语从句:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词可以是一个词、一个短语或整个句子。3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词,关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语,关系副词在从句中作状语。常见的关系代词:who,whom,that,which,whose,as。常见的关系副词:when,where,why。4.定语从句分为限制性定语从句(RestrictiveAttributiveClause)和非限制性定语从句(Non-RestrictiveAttributiveClause)两种。限制性定语从句紧跟在先行词后面,不能用逗号把从句和先行词分开。二、关系代词引导的定语从句TheexactyearwhichAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2008.安杰拉和她的家人在中国共同度过的确切年份是2008年。Studentsshouldinvolvethemselvesincommunityactivitieswheretheycangainexperienceforgrowth.学生应该参与社区活动,在社区活动中他们能获取成长的经验。考点延伸阅读下列句子,分析定语从句的构成。①Pleasesendusalltheinformationthatyouhaveaboutthecandidatesfortheposition.请把你有的申请这个职位的候选人的所有信息发给我们。归纳

关系代词that引导定语从句修饰先行词information,that在从句中作have的宾语,可以省略。②Finallyhereachedadesertislandwhichwascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld.最终他到达了一个完全与外界隔绝的荒岛上。归纳

关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词island,which在从句中作主语,不可以省略,可以用that替换。③Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosewhoaregoodatrecognisingtheirownstrengths.幸福和成功总是青睐那些善于意识到自己长处的人。归纳

关系代词who引导定语从句修饰先行词those,who在从句中作主语,不可以省略。④Acompanywhoseprofitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.国内市场利润下降的公司会寻求到国外发展的机会。归纳

关系代词whose引导定语从句修饰先行词company,whose在从句中作profits的定语,相当于of

which

the

profits或the

profits

of

which。如果指代人,whose相当于of

whom。

三、关系代词引导定语从句的几个注意点1.用that不用which的情况:①当先行词为all,little,much,few,everything,none等不定代词时,关系代词用that,不用which。②当先行词既有人又有物时,关系代词用that,不用which。③当先行词有形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。④当先行词有序数词修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。⑤当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时,关系代词用that,不用which。⑥当主句是以which或who开头的特殊问句时,定语从句关系代词一般用that,不用which。填入关系词:(1)Ihaveforgotteneverythingthathetoldmethismorning.我已经忘了他今天早上告诉我的一切。(2)ThisistheverybusthatI’mwaitingfor.这就是我正在等的公交车。(3)ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。(4)ThisisthelasttrainthatwillgotoGuangzhou.这是去广州的最后一趟火车。(5)Hehasn’tsentustheworkersandequipmentthatweneed.他还没有把我们需要的工人和设备送来。(6)Whichisthestorythatyoulikebest?哪个是你最喜欢的故事?2.way作先行词时的情况①当关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语时,关系词用which或that或省略。Heacceptedtheway(that/which)wegavehim.他接受了我们给他提出的方法。②当关系词在从句中作状语时,关系词用that或inwhich或省略。Haveyoueverrememberedtheway(that/inwhich)youcouldescapebeingpunished?你还记得那个你能够逃避惩罚的方法吗?3.关系词在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotverygoodmarksinthematch.他是在比赛中取得好成绩的学生之一。(先行词是students,谓语动词用复数。)Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarksinthematch.他是唯一一个在比赛中取得好成绩的学生。(先行词是theonlyone,谓语动词用单数。)四、关系副词引导的定语从句①Iamlookingforwardtothedaywhenmydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.我一直期盼我的女儿能够读懂这本书并且知道我对她的感情的那一天。归纳

关系副词when引导定语从句修饰先行词the

day,when在从句中作状语。关系副词指代成分when时间状语where地点状语why原因状语②Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatworkwhereagoodimpressionisrequired.这本书对我的日常交际帮助很大,尤其在那些必须具备好印象的工作中。归纳

关系副词where引导定语从句修饰先行词work,where在从句中作状语。③Thisisthereasonwhyheisalwayslateforschool.这就是他上学总是迟到的原因。归纳

关系副词why引导定语从句修饰先行词the

reason,why在从句中作状语。五、由“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句当从句中的谓语是不及物动词或“介词+关系代词”构成状语时,构成有介词参与的定语从句。①Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.孩子们玩了一整天,都筋疲力尽了。②GuncontrolisasubjectaboutwhichAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.枪支管理是美国人长期争论的一个话题。一二三一、单句填空(注意关系代词或关系副词的使用)1.Heaskedmeaquestion

wasaboutmystudyatschool.

答案:that/which2.Thereseemstobenothing

seemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.

答案:that3.Who’stheman

istalkingwithyourfather?

答案:that4.Theglasses,without

myfathercouldn’tseewell,droppedtothegroundandbroke.

答案:which一二三5.Hedidn’ttellmethereason

hewassoupset.

答案:why6.Whenshewasaloneathome,Maryneededafriendwith

toplay.

答案:whom7.Everyonewantstovisittheplace

theleaderonceworked.

答案:where8.You’dbetterchangetheway

youeducateyourchildren.

答案:that/inwhich一二三二、将下列句子合并成含有定语从句的复合句1.Whoistheman?Themanisreadingthenewspaperoverthere.答案:Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?2.HediedonJune25,2009.Hismusicisstillverypopular.答案:He,whosemusicisstillverypopular,diedonJune25,2009.3.Theoperawaswonderful.Wesawtheoperalastnight.答案:Theoperawhich