2025年高考英语总复习专项练习28 阅读理解＋完形填空

练习28阅读理解+完形填空

I.阅读理解

A

2024•深圳市高三调研应用文285词★★☆☆☆

“You'resosmart!”Thisencouragingresponsetochildren'smathperformanceiscommonlyheard.Recently,

anewstudy,conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia,foundthatencouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedto

theirpersonalcharacteristicsorinbornabilitiesmightweakentheirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.

Parentswhomakecommentslinkingtheirchildren'sperformancetopersonalcharacteristicslikeintelligence

areusingwhat'sreferredtoaspersonresponses.Incontrast,parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchas

effortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusingprocessresponses.

Forthestudy,researchersaskedmorethan500parentstoreportonhowtheyrespondedtotheirchildren's

mathperformanceandtheirmathbeliefsandgoals.Childrenwereassessedintwowavesacrossayeartomeasure

theirmathmotivationandachievement.

Theresultsshowthatparentswhoviewmathabilityaschangeablearemorelikelytogiveprocessresponses

focusedontheirchildren'sstrategyuseandeffortsratherthantheirintelligenceorotherpersonalcharacteristics.In

contrast,parentswhobelievemathabilityisunchangeableandthatmathfailurecan'tbeconstructivegivemore

personresponses.Parentswithhighexpectationsfortheirchildrengiveacombinationofbothresponses.While

responseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenotrelatedtoanyachievementoutcomes,childrenwhoreceivemore

responsesabouttheirpersonalcharacteristics-inparticular,relatedtofailure-aremorelikelytoavoidharder

mathproblems,exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests.

Becausepersonresponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime,researcherssuggestparents

limitthistypeofresponsesathome.Anotherrecommendationforparentsistothinkabouttheirownbeliefsand

goalsfortheirkidsandexaminehowthesemightleadthemtorespondinpersonorprocessways.Simplytelling

parentstoavoidtalkingaboutmathabilitymaynotbeenough.Focusinglessonhowchildrenperformandmoreon

theirstrategyandenjoymentofmathmightbeamoreeffectivewaytoenhancemotivation.

【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力鼓励他们，可能

会随着时间的推移削弱他们的数学动机和成就。

1.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofprocessresponses?

A.Youarealuckydog.

B.Runningisinyourblood.

C.Whatworkswellforyourstudy?

D.Whyareyousuchamathgenius?

答案与解析：c推断。明题意：本题问“以下哪一项是过程性反馈的例子？”一寻线索：根据第二段

中的“parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchaseffortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusing

processresponses”可知，过程性反馈与孩子的策略应用或努力等行为相关f定答案：C项“什么对你的学习

很有用呢”是对策略方面的反馈，故C项正确。

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudyresults?

A.Parentsprefertogivemoreprocessresponses.

B.Childrenaremorelikelytobeaffectedbymathanxiety.

C.Processresponseshelpwithchildren'smathachievement.

D.Personresponsescandiscouragechildrenfromlearningmath.

答案与解析：D推断。根据第四段中的""childrenwhoreceivemoreresponses...exhibithigherlevelsofmath

anxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests”可知，接受更多个人特征相关的反馈的孩子更可能避开更

难的数学题，展现出更高水平的数学焦虑，且在数学测试中得分更低。据此可以推断，个人特征相关的反

馈可能会打击孩子学习数学的信心，故D项正确。

3.Whatdoresearchersadviseparentstodo?

A.Restrictpersonresponses.

B.Defendtheirownbeliefs.

C.Stresschildren'sperformance.

D.Ignorechildren'smathproblems.

答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的“Becausepersonresponsespredict...parentslimitthis

typeofresponsesathome”可知，研究人员建议家长在家里限制（减少）使用个人反馈，故A项正确。

4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheStrategyChildrenAdopttoLearnMathHelps

B.TheWayParentsTalktoChildrenonMathMatters

C.ResponsestoEnhanceChildren'sMathPerformance

D.SuggestionsforParentstoTeachTheirChildrenMath

答案与解析：B理解文章主旨要义。根据第一段中的“encouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelated

to..motivationandachievementovertime”可知，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力相关的反馈鼓励他们,可能

会削弱他们的数学动机和成就；第二段介绍了家长的两种反馈模式；第三、四段讲述了相关研究；最后一

段提出了一些建议，充分说明了使用正确反馈方式的重要性，故B项“父母和孩子们谈论数学的方式很重

要”适合作本文的标题。

B

2024•四省高考测试记叙文314词★★★☆☆

AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworld

abetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisian

fathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsand

activitiesforchildren.

Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification."Within10yearsrichfarmersbecame

worseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.Adecrease

inaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughts（干旱）haveledtoanestimated75percentof

Tunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.

Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbring

largereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatment

andfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilisers（月巴料）ratherthanchemicals.

In2012,Toumiconsolidatedherdreamtofightthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogramme

namedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.i6Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinrural

areasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactof

desertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.^^

BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmers

recordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotect

Tunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,Toumihopestoextend

theprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.

【语篇解读】文章讲述的是小时候SarahToumi和父亲去突尼斯度假，发现当地农田荒漠化很严重，

后来她成立AcaciasforAll,想通过种植金合欢树来保护突尼斯的农田，并且初见成效。

5.HowdidToumi'sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?

A.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.

B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.

C.Theyfiredherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.

D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.

答案与解析：C理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“Toumi去突尼斯的度假如何影响了她？”一寻线索：

根据第一段中“Herpassiontohelpothers...intheeastofthecountryduringholidays”可知，当她陪着她的父亲在

假期去他在该国东部的出生地时，她帮助他人的热情被唤醒了一定答案：故C项“他们激起了她帮助他人

的热情“正确。

6.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia'sfarmland?

A.Lowrainfall.B.Soilpollution.

C.Coldweather.D.Forestdamage.

答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第二段中"Adecreaseinaveragerainfall...75percentofTunisia's

agriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification^^可知，平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼

斯大约75%的农业用地受到荒漠化的威胁。故A项正确。

7.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?

A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.

B.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.

C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.

D.Tofacilitatetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.

答案与解析：D理解具体信息。根据第四段中“In2012,Toumiconsolidatedherdream...puthersustainable

farmingphilosophyintoaction”可知,2012年,Toumi巩固了她对抗沙漠的梦想,她搬到突尼斯，创立Acacias

forAll是为了将自己的可持续农业理念付诸行动，目的是促进农田保护。故D项正确。

8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.SavingWaterinTunisia

B.PlantingTreesofNativeSpecies

C.HoldingbacktheSahara

D.FightingPovertyinNorthAfrica

答案与解析:c理解文章主旨要义。首段介绍Toumi陪同父亲到了突尼斯，帮助他人的热情被唤醒了。

根据第二段中“IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks”可知，Toumi想试图阻止撒哈拉沙漠的继续恶化，

接下来就开始介绍Toumi搬到突尼斯，并创立AcaciasforAll,想通过种植植物来保护当地农田，并且取得

初步成效。故C选项“HoldingbacktheSahara”最适合作本文标题。

II.完形填空

2024•石家庄市质检夹叙夹议文190词★★★☆☆

Sculptureisanimportantartformtohighlightacountry'snationalspirit.Chinesesculpturemasterpieces

]partsofChinesehistoryforfuturegenerationstolearn,andsincethey're2art,theydisplay

vividlytraditionalChineseculture.

Ihavebeen3myrangeofsculpturecreationstomakethemmorediverse,whilealsomaking

useof4advantagesofsculpturestohavetheChinese5heard.Forexample,Iemployedthe

universalimageofthebridgetocreatethesculpture“GoldenBridgeonSilkRoad”,and6itwiththe

BeltandRoadInitiative.The7IchoseformyworkwastheZhaozhouBridgebuilt1，400years

ago.Thissculpturehasservedasa8thingforsomeoftheimportant9activitiesinChinaasit

representsoneaspectofournationalspirit.It'shelped10theappealofChineseculturetopresent

foreigners.11,Ialsomade“BoatofFate"tointerprettheideaoftheChineseJ2"peopleinthe

sameboatshouldhelpeachother”.

RichtraditionalChineseculture13thepracticesofthenewagehasprovided

14sourcesforartcreation-there'snowaywelackinspiration.Topromotethecreativedevelopmentof

Chineseculture,artwillsurelydoits15.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者一直在扩大自己的雕塑创作范围，让世界听到中国的声

音。

1.A.recordB.mention

C.affectD.evaluate

答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“forfuturegenerationstolearn”可知，中国雕塑杰作

记录了(record)中国历史的一部分，以让后人了解学习。mention“提到“；affect"影响"；evaluate"评价，

评估”。

2.A.creativeB.visual

C.originalD.popular

答案与解析：B考查形容词词义辨析。由下文中的“displayvividly”可知，由于是视觉艺术，中国雕

塑杰作生动地展示了中国传统文化。creative”有创造力的"；visual”视力的，视觉的“；original“独创的,

起初的”。

3.A.adjustingB.determining

C.graspingD.expanding

答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“tomakethemmorediverse”可知，作者一直在扩

大自己的雕塑创作范围。adjust"调整”；determine"查明，确定“；grasp“理解"；expand“扩大”。

4.A.educationalB.academic

C.artisticD.political

答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。雕塑是一种艺术，根据常识可知，作者同时也在利用雕塑的艺

术优势。academic"学术的“；artistic“艺术的"；political“政治的”。

5.A.musicB.voice

C.languageD.tune

答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据下文内容，尤其是空后的“heard”可知，此处表示让中国声音

（即态度、意见）被听到。voice"意见，态度，心声”。

6.A.equippedB.compared

C.combinedD.replaced

答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。结合语境和雕塑名字可知，作者在创作雕塑《丝路金桥》时，利

用了桥的通用形象，并将其与“一带一路”倡议相结合。equip"配备，装备“；compare“比较”；

combine"结合"；replace"替代"。

7.A.appearanceB.model

C.themeD.title

答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。前面提到作者创作雕塑《丝路金桥》时利用了桥的通用形象，再

结合下文中的^theZhaozhouBridgebuilt1,400yearsago,?可知，作者选择以1400年前建造的赵州桥为模

型。appearance“外观”；model“模型"；theme“主题"；title"标题”。

8.A.grandB.ceremonial

C.historicalD.symbolic

答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的"asitrepresentsoneaspectofournationalspirit”可

知，这座雕塑曾作为在中国举办的一些重要国际活动的标志性景观。grand“宏伟的"；ceremonial”礼仪的，

礼节的”;historical”（有关）历史的“；symbolic”使用象征的,作为象征的，象征性的“。

9.A.internationalB.nationwide

C.recreationalD.citywide

答案与解析：A考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的“itrepresentsone...presentforeigners”可知，此处

应指在中国举办的一些重要国际(international)活动。nationwide”全国性的，遍及全国的“；recreational”娱

乐的，消遣的“；citywide“全市性的”。

10.A.teachB.owe

C.offerD.exhibit

答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的"theappealofChineseculturetopresentforeigners”可知，

这座雕塑展示了中国文化的魅力。exhibit”表现，显示“。

11.A.ConsequentlyB.Eventually

C.AdditionallyD.Frequently

答案与解析：C考查副词词义辨析。上文提到作者创作了《丝路金桥》，下文提到作者还创作了《命

运之舟》。因此此处表示“此外"。consequently”结果,因此“；eventually“最终”；additionally"此外,

另外“；frequently“频繁地”。

12.A.characterB.tale

C.customD.idiom

答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的"peopleinthesameboatshouldhelpeachother”可知，

作者还创作了雕塑《命运之舟》，以诠释中国成语“同舟共济”的思想。character"角色，性格”；tale“故

事，讲述"，custom"习惯，风俗”；idiom"成语，习语”。

13.A.focusedonB.coupledwith

C.basedonD.filledwith

答案与解析：B考查动词短语词义辨析。根据全文阐述，尤其是下文中的“there、