江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三年级上册12月大联考英语试卷（解析版）

决胜新高考一一2024届高三年级大联考

英语

注意事项：

考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸卡上，

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Howdoesthemanusuallygettohisoffice?

A.Bybus.B.Bybicycle.C.Onfoot.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Howdoyougettoyourofficeeveryday?Doyouwalkorrideabicycle?

M:Well,ifstoofartowalk.Iusuallytakethebussincethereisastoponthecomernearmyhouse.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheT-shirt?

A.$15.B.$30.C.$50.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhereistheblueT-shirt?

A.Inthedrawer.B.Inthecupboard.C.Inthewashingmachine.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Haveyouseenmyblue「shirt?Ifsusuallyinmytopdrawer.

W:Actually,Ihave.Butyouwillhavetowaituntilthewashingmachineisdone.Whydon'tyouweartheblack

onehangingupinthecupboard?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdidthewomannoticeabouttheman?

A.Hewasunpleasant.B.Hewasunsure.C.Hewashelpful.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:CanIhelpyou?Youlooklikeyouarehavingahardtimedecidingonsomething.Areyoubuying

somethingforyourgirlfriend?

M:Yes,butIhavenoideawhatperfumetogether.

W:Here,smellthisone.Ifsquitepleasant.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.

B.Securityguardanddriver.

C.Salesmanandcustomer.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Excuseme,Madam.Youcan'tparkhere.

W:ButIamgoingtoleaveverysoon.Icameheretopickupafriend.Sheiswaitingatthegateofthemarket.

M:ThisisVIPparking.Youmayparkyourcarbehindthebuilding.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogoatfirst?

A.Tothepark.B.Tothecafe.C.Tothecar.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Flyakite.B.Watchaballgame.C.Havebreakfast.

【答案】6.C7.A

【解析】

【原文】W:Thiswindisreallystrong!Ialmostgotknockedover!

M:Yeah,autumnisusuallylikethishere.

W:Maybeweshouldgetbackinthecar.ThisisnotwhatIwashopingforwhenIsaidIwantedtogotothebeach.

M:Well,wecouldgotoaballgame.Itstartsinanhour.It?sdownbytheport.

W:Butwon'titbeevenmorewindythere?

M:Hmm,Iguessyou'reright.Wecouldgetsomecoffee.

W:Butwealreadyhadcoffeeatbreakfast.Hey,whataboutgoingtotheparktoflyakite?Ihaven,tdonethatin

ages.

M:Greatidea!I'veactuallygotoneinmycar.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.Whatiswrongwiththewoman?

A.Shehurtherleftknee.B.Shehurtherrightfoot.C.Shehurtherwaist.

9.Whatdoesthemanrecommendthewomantodo?

A.Applyice.B.Usesomethinghot.C.Takesomemedicin已

10.Howlongdoesittakethemantocompletelyrecover?

A.Aweek.B.Fourweeks.C.Twomonths.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Whyareyouwalkingfunny?Didyouhurtyourleg?

W:Ifsmyleftknee,actually.Ifelldownandhititacoupleofdaysago.

M:Thafstoobad,butIknowhowyoufeel.Ibrokemyrightfootbefore.Itmadeitsohardtowalk

andmywaiststartedhurting.

W:I'vebeenicingitthelasttwodays,butitdoesn'tseemtobehelping.

M:Youknow,youshouldbedoingtheexactopposite.

W:Whatdoyoumean?

M:Usesomethinghottogetthebloodflowingagain.

W:Thanks.Tiltrythat.How'syourfoot?

M:Ihadtowearawalkingbootforfourweeks,butitstilltookanothermonthbeforeitfeltnormalagain.

W:Well,Tmgladyou'reallrightnow.

M:Youwillbe,too.Trustme!

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthetheater?

A.Shedoesn'tlikeit.

B.Shedoesn'tknowanythingaboutit.

C.Shedoesn'thavemuchexperiencewithit.

12.Howmuchwillthewomanpayfortheplay?

A.Nothing.B.$30.C.$40.

13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inaperformancehall.B.Inalibrary.C.Inacafe.

【答案】11.C12.A13.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Doyouwanttoseeaplaywithmetomorrownight?

W:Tmnotsure.Idon'tknowtoomuchaboutthetheater.

M:Thisplayisreallyamazing,though.IfscalledLesMiserables.IfssetintheFrenchRevolutioninthe1800s.

W:Oh,Tveheardofthat.ItstartedoutonBroadwayinNewYorkCity,right?

M:Yeah,butthatwasabout30yearsago.Sincethen,ifsbeenperformedin40differentlanguagesin55countries

aroundtheworld.Ifsbeenseenbymorepeoplethananyothermusicalinhistory!

W:Hmm.Well,maybeIshouldseewhyeveryonelikesitsomuch.Whenistheshowandhowmucharethe

tickets?

M:Theshowisat7:00p.m.Andmyunclegavemethesetickets,sowedon'thavetopayanything.

W:Countmein!Hey,whilewe'rehere,maybeI'llborrowLesMiserablesandreadaboutitbeforetheshow

tomorrow.

M:Notabadidea.Ineedtogetsomethingtoeat.Fvebeenstudyingalldayandhaven'thadanythingsince

breakfast.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.WhyhasOprahWinfreybeengivenanaward?

A.Shehashadasuccessfulcareer.

B.Shedonatedmoneytocharity.

C.Sheispopularamongyoungpeople.

15.Howdomanyfamouspeoplespendtheirmoneyaccordingtothewoman?

A.Theywasteitonexpensiveclothingandhotels.

B.Theybuildschoolsandpayteachersafairsalary.

C.Theycreatetheirownmagazinesandtelevisionshows.

16.WhatdothespeakersthinkaboutOprah?

A.Theyfeelconcernedabouther.

B.Theycan'tunderstandher.

C.Theyadmireher.

【答案】14.B15.A16.C

【解析】

【原文】W:HaveyoureadthearticleaboutOprahWinfreyinthismagazine?

M:No.Whafsitabout?

W:Apparently,she'sbeengivenanawardfordonatingalotofmoneytocharity.

M:She'sverygenerouswithhermoney.Ithinkthafsbecauseshewaspoorwhenshewasyoung.

W:Iheardthatshe'soneofthewealthiestwomenintheworld.

M:Ibelieveit.Sheownsmagazinesandtelevisionshows,andshehasahugefanbase.

W:Youknow,IheardthatshewasopeningaschoolforpoorgirlsinAfrica.

M:Didtheymentionthatinthearticle?

W:Yes.She'snotonlybuildingtheschool,butsheisalsousingherownmoneyforallrepairsandtopaythe

teachersafairsalary.

M:Shedeserveshighpraise.IthinkmorefamouspeopleshouldusetheirmoneytohelppeoplelikeOprahhas.

W:Iagree.Somanyfamouspeoplewastetheirmoneyonsportscars,expensiveclothing,andexpensivehotels.

M:It'samazinghowmuchmoneytheycanspend.

W:Whatawaste!Ifscooltoseestarswhoaremoreconcernedwithcharitythanstatussymbols.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.WhendidStephenHawkingfirstgetsick?

A.Attheageof21.B.Attheageof23.C.Attheageof25.

18.WhatdidStephenHawkinglosefirst?

A.Theuseofhislegs.B.Thepowerofspeech.C.Theuseofhisarms.

19.WhatdidStephenHawkingrealizeinthe1990s?

A.Hewasgoingtoliveatleasttwomoreyears.

B.HewasoneofBritain'smostimportantfigures.

C.Heshouldrepresentthedisabledcommunitymore.

20.WhosignedtheCharterfortheThirdMillenniumonDisability?

A.Doctors.

B.Governments.

C.Hawkingand11otherstars.

【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.C

【解析】

【原文】StephenHawkingwasaworldfamousscientist,speaker,teacher,andauthor.Hiswheelchairandthe

specialmachineheusedtotalkmadehimeasytorecognize.Hawkinghadararediseasethatstartedyoungand

developedslowly.In1963,Hawkingwastoldhehadhealthproblems.Hawkingwas21,andthedoctorsthoughthe

mightlivefortwomoreyears.ButHawkingnevergaveup.Evenafterhelostthepowerofspeech,andlater,theuse

ofhisarmsandlegs,Hawkingwasdeterminednottoletthatillnessdestroyhismindaswell.Hawkingwasamember

oftheRoyalSocietyofArtsandthePontificalAcademyofSciences.HealsoreceivedthePresidentialMedalof

Freedom,thehighestawardgivenintheUnitedStates.Startinginthe1990s,Hawkingacceptedthathewasarole

modelfordisabledpeople,givinglecturesandraisingmoney.Attheturnofthecentury,heand11otherstarssigned

theCharterfortheThirdMillenniumonDisability,whichcalledongovernmentstoprotecttherightsofthedisabled.

NowonderHawkingwasvotedasthe25thmostimportantBritishpersoninhistory.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WeTheCurious

FormerlyknownasAt-Bristol,thisharboursidesciencemuseumrelaunchedin2017asWeTheCuriousto

betterreflectitsmissiontogetkidstoaskquestionsandengageinscience,technology,engineering,and

mathematics(Stemsubjects)increativeways.

Bestthingsaboutit

Mykidsdon'tshyawayfromtellingmeiftheythinkamuseumisboringbutheretheyweretoobusyrushing

fromonehands-onexhibittothenexttohaveanysuchcomplaint.Theydressedupasbeestocatchpollen(花粉)

madecheese,watchediceform,weighedhumanbrainsandstretchedoutstripsofDNAtocomparethegenetic

sequence(基因序歹！J)ofamonkeyandanarmadillo.

Valueformoney?

GiventhatthesciencemuseumsinLondon,ManchesterandNewcastlearefree,itdoesjar(不一致)havingto

pay£14.50foradultsand£9.50forkids(aged3—15)togetin.Kidsunder3arefree.Ididhavetopushthemout

thedoorattheendoftheday.Weekson,theystillreferbacktothingstheylearntthere.

Gettingthere

WeTheCuriousisneartheNationalCycleNetwork(routes3,4,and33).Themuseumhaslotsofbicycle

parking.Alternatively,ifsa10-minutewalkfromBristolTempleMeadsrailwaystationorafive-minutetaxiride

or17-minuteferryride.Ifdriving,followtheWeTheCuriousbrownsignsandparkattheMillenniumSquarecar

parkforfree.

Openinghours

MondaytoFriday10am一5pm,10am-6pmatweekendsandBristolschoolholidays;closed24-26

December.

21.WhathighlightsWeTheCurious?

A.Alongandsplendidhistory.B.Mentalhealthsupportforchildren.

C.Educationalandfunactivities.D.Ahands-onproductsexhibition.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir5-year-oldtwinsonspayforadmission?

A.£29.B.£33.5.C.£38.5.D.£48.

23.Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?

A.Itchargesparkingfees.B.Itopensallyearround.

C.Itisconvenientlylocated.D.Itoffersmanytypesofbikes.

【答案】21.C22.D23.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了面向儿童的WeTheCurious科学博物馆的相关信息。

[21题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Theydressedupasbeestocatchpollen（花粉）madecheese,watchediceform,

weighedhumanbrainsandstretchedoutstripsofDNAtocomparethegeneticsequence（基因序歹[|）ofamonkey

andanarmadillo.（他们打扮成蜜蜂捕捉花粉制成的奶酪，观察冰的形成，称重人脑，并伸出DNA条来比较

猴子和北跺的基因序列。）”可推知，在WeTheCurious科学博物馆，孩子们可以参加富有教育意义并且有

趣的活动。故选C。

【22题详解】

数字计算题。根据第三段中的“pay£14.50foradultsand£9.50forkids（aged3—15）”可知，成人14.5英

镑，3—15岁的孩子9.5英镑，所以一对夫妇带一对5岁的双胞胎儿子需要的花费是：14.5x2+9.5x2=48英

镑。故选D。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中的“WeTheCuriousisneartheNationalCycleNetwork（routes3,4,and33）.The

museumhaslotsofbicycleparking.Alternatively,ifsa10-minutewalkfromBristolTempleMeadsrailwaystation

orafive-minutetaxirideor17-minuteferryride.（WeTheCurious靠近国家自行车网（路线3、4和33）。博物

馆有很多自行车停车场。或者，从布里斯托尔寺院草原站步行10分钟，或乘坐5分钟出租车或17分钟轮

渡。）”可知，WeTheCurious科学博物馆靠近国家自行车网，离火车站很近，而且乘坐出租车和轮渡均可

在短时间内到达，由此可推测出，该博物馆位置便利。故选C。

B

WhenFionaAllenwasseven,herparentstookhertothetheatretoseeaproductionTheHouseatPooh

Corner.Instantly,Allenfellinlove.Butalthoughshetookpartinschoolandcollegeplays,sheneverthoughtit

couldleadtoacareer.Instead,shestudiedbusinessatuniversity,workingfortheLandRegisterofScotlanduntil

sheretiredin2012.Hernewlyfreetimereignited（重新点燃）adecades-oldspark.t4Istillwantedtodosomething

withmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,9,saysAllen.

Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,anancientmaskedform,in

whichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangeforfoodorshelter."It'sa

simplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacterdevelopment.It'srooted

inhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation（即席仓U作）becausetheplayisalwaystailoredtoalocalaudience,

saysAllen.

InterestgrewandAllensetuphergroup-theMeadowsMummers——asacharity,toattractwidersupport

anddonations.Itsfirstperformancewasin2015,attheMeadowsfestivalinEdinburgh.Thingssnowballedfrom

there.AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternationalMummingSymposiumand

UnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolkdrama.

Morerecently,lifecircumstanceshavemadeperformingdifficult.t4Fvehadhealthproblems.Shesaysthat,at

times,shehasconsideredgivingup,butgetstoomuchjoyfromdoingittostop."We'vejustdoneoneperformance

thisyearbutI'mreallyexcitedthatwe'regettingreadyformorefestivalsnextyear.”

Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago."Iwasinanationalparkin

YugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,“shesays."Shetoldmeshewasgoingblind

andwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw."Wheneverdoubtcreepsin（不知不觉产生）,Allen

recallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegraspinglifewithbothhands."Justbecauseyou'vereached60,

itdoesn'tmeanthedrawbridgehasbeenpulledup,“saysAllen.

24.WhydidAllenstudytheatreandperformanceafterretirement?

A.Toearnadegree.B.Totakeupherinterest.

C.Topleaseherparents.D.Tofindabetterjob.

25.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkaboutconcerningmumming?

A.Itsfeatures.B.Itshistory.C.Itssignificance.D.Itsprospect.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snowballed“inparagraph3mean?

A.Developed.B.Collapsed.C.Stuck.D.Froze.

27.WhatdoesAllenintendtotellusbytheencounter?

A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Romanwasnotbuiltinaday.

C.Wherethere9sawill,thereisaway.D.Weshouldtrytoliveinthemoment.

【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了FionaAllen退休后重拾以前的兴趣，参加了一个民间戏剧研讨

会，随着兴趣的增长，艾伦成立了她的团体一一梅多斯戏迷一一作为一个慈善组织，以吸引更广泛的支持

和捐赠。

24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Hernewlyfreetimereignited（重新点燃）adecades-oldspark.41Istillwantedtodo

somethingwithmybrainsoIwentbacktouniversitytostudytheatreandperformance,5,saysAllen.（她最近的空

闲时间重新点燃了几十年前的火花。“我仍然想用我的大脑做点什么，所以我回到大学学习戏剧和表

演，“艾伦说）”可知，艾伦退休后学习戏剧和表演是为了重拾兴趣。故选B。

【25题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thatyear,shetookpartinafolkdramaworkshopanddiscoveredmumming,an

ancientmaskedform,inwhichmaleactorstravelthroughvillages,performingsimpleplays,ofteninexchangefor

foodorshelter.C4Ifsasimplerstorythanconventionalplays.Ithasonecentralconflictratherthanslowcharacter

development.Ifsrootedinhistoryandinvolvesmoreimprovisation（艮席仓U作）becausetheplayisalwaystailored

toalocalaudience,"saysAllen.（那一年，她参加了一个民间戏剧研讨会，并发现了一种古老的蒙面表演----

戴面具化装表演（mumming）,男演员穿梭于村庄，表演简单的戏剧，通常以换取食物或住所。“这是一

个比传统戏剧更简单的故事。它有一个中心冲突，而不是缓慢的角色发展。它根植于历史，包含更多的即

兴创作，因为戏剧总是为当地观众量身定制，“艾伦说）”可知，第二段主要讲了戴面具化装表演

（mumming）的特点。故选A。

[26题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“AswellastouringcentralScotland,thegroupwenttotheInternational

MummingSymposiumandUnconventioninGloucestershirein2016,andlearnedmoreaboutthehistoryoffolk

drama.（除了在苏格兰中部巡回演出外，该团队还参加了2016年在格洛斯特郡举行的国际戴面具化装表演

研讨会和非大会，并了解了更多关于民间戏剧的历史）”可知，这个团队得到了很大发展，去了很多地方演

出。故划线词意思是“发展”，故选A。

【27题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thedrivetokeepgoingisinspiredbyanexperiencemorethan30yearsago."I

wasinanationalparkinYugoslaviawhenIsawawomanstaringattentivelyatthisgreenriver,shesays."Shetold

meshewasgoingblindandwantedtherivertobethelastbeautifulthingsheeversaw.”（30多年前的一次经历激

发了我们继续前进的动力。她说：“我在南斯拉夫的一个国家公园里，看到一个女人聚精会神地盯着这条

绿色的河流。”“她告诉我她快要失明了，希望这条河成为她见过的最后一条美丽的东西”）”以及

uWheneverdoubtcreepsin（不知不觉产生）,Allenrecallsthatencounterandfeelsforcedtocontinuegrasping

lifewithbothhands.（每当疑虑袭来时，艾伦就会回忆起那次遭遇，并感到被迫继续用双手抓住生活）”可推

知，艾伦想通过这次相遇告诉我们：我们应该努力活在当下。故选D。

C

Scientistsalreadyknewthatgulls（海鸥）preferfoodthathasbeentouchedbypeople,butitwasunclearhow

welltheycoulddrawontheirobservationsofsnackinghumanstofindsimilarbitsoffoodwhileforaging（觅食）.

Inthelatestwork,Feist,abiologistattheUniversityofSussexandhercolleaguestapedgreen（saltand

vinegar）andblue（cheeseandonion）packetsofcrispstobricksandplacedthemafewmetresfromgullsonan

otherwiseclearpatchofBrightonbeach.Thescientiststhenbacked5metresandfilmedthebirds9behaviour.In

somecases,theresearcherssimplylookedatthecamera,whileinotherstheypecked（啄）agreenorbluebagof

crisps.

Whenthescientistssatquietlywithoutsnacking,lessthanafifthofgullsapproachedthecrisppacketsplaced

nearby.Butwhentheresearchersweresnackingoncrisps,48%ofthebirdshoppedovertocheckoutthepackets.

Nearly40%ofsuchapproachesendedwithgullspeckingatthecrisppackets,andofthese,95%weredirectedat

thesamecolourpacketasthescientistwaseatingfrom.tcItisimpressivebecausetheevolutionaryhistoryofgulls

wouldn'thaveinvolvedhumans,9,saidFeist.

Theworksuggeststhatthereisworktodotoreducetensionbetweenhumansandurbangulls.Theimpactof

“donotfeedthebirds“signsmight,forexample,beimprovedbyadding"...anddon'tletthemseeyoueat,either”.

“Itislikelythatsimplystoppingthepublicfromdirectlyfeedinggullsmaynotbeenough,Feistsaid."They

arestillabletoobservewhatweeatandthatwouldinformtheirabilitytotargetwaste,litterandsoon.^^

DrGoumas,anexpertongullsatExeterUniversity,said:"Thisstudyshowsthatwearen'tonlydrawinggulls'

attentiontowherefoodis,buttheyalsolearnaboutthetypeoffoodwe'reeating.Knowingthismayhave

implicationsforhowwereducenegativeinteractionsbetweenhumansandgulls,asweseemtobeunconsciously

teachinggullstoexplorenewfooditems.^^

28.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Themethodsofobservation.B.TheprocessofFeisfswork.

C.Theeatingbehaviourofgulls.D.TheunderlyinglogicofFeisfswork.

29.WhatcanwelearnfromFeisfswork?

A.Thereisnoneedtofeedurbangulls.

B.Gullscandistinguishbetweencrisps.

C.Humansarecrucialingulls'evolution.

D.Gullschoosewhattoeatbywatchinghumans.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph5referto?

A.Behaviourofhumans.

B.Gulls'foragingchoices.

C.Banonpeoplefeedinggulls.

D.Gulls'observationsofsnackinghumans.

31.WhatdoesDrGoumasthinkoftheresearchresult?

A.Itisofsomevalue.B.Itishighlyprofitable.

C.Ittakesagestotestit.D.Itneedstobepractical.

【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，海鸥有能力观察人类的食物偏好，并利用这些信息找到类似

的食物。文章认为，这表明需要采取措施避免人类和海鸥之间的紧张关系。

[28题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段"Inthelatestwork,Feist,abiologistattheUniversityofSussexandhercolleagues

tapedgreen（saltandvinegar）andblue（cheeseandonion）packetsofcrispstobricksandplacedthemafewmetres

fromgullsonanotherwiseclearpatchofBrightonbeach.Thescientiststhenbacked5metresandfilmedthebirds'

behaviour.Insomecases,theresearcherssimplylookedatthecamera,whileinotherstheypecked（啄）agreenor

bluebagofcrisps.（在最新的研究中，萨塞克斯大学的生物学家费斯特和她的同事们把绿色（盐和醋）和蓝色

（奶酪和洋葱）的薯片包粘在砖头上，然后把它们放在离海鸥几米远的布莱顿海滩上。科学家们退后5米，

拍摄了这些鸟的行为。在一些情况下，研究人员只是看着相机，而在另一些情况下，他们啄着绿色或蓝色

的薯片袋。）”可知，本段主要描述并介绍了研究的具体开展过程。故选B。

【29题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Butwhentheresearchersweresnackingoncrisps,48%ofthebirdshoppedoverto

checkoutthepackets.Nearly40%ofsuchapproachesendedwithgullspeckingatthecrisppackets,andofthese,

95%weredirectedatthesamecolourpacketasthescientistwaseatingfrom.（但是当研究人员吃薯片的时候，

48%的鸟会跳过去查看包装。近40%的这种方法最终以海鸥啄食薯片包装袋告终，其中95%的海鸥啄食的

是与科学家吃的相同颜色的包装袋。）”可知，通过研究发现5%的海鸥啄食的是与科学家吃的相同颜色的

包装袋即海鸥通过观察人类来选择吃什么。故选D。

[30题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Theyarestillabletoobservewhatweeat（它们仍然能够观察我们吃什

么）”可知，此处指海鸥能够观察到人们吃什么，这将告知它们区分废物、垃圾。因此划线词指代的是“海

鸥观察人类零食的行为”。故选D。

[31题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Knowingthismayhaveimplicationsforhowwereducenegativeinteractions

betweenhumansandgulls,asweseemtobeunconsciouslyteachinggullstoexplorenewfooditems.（T解这一点

可能会对我们如何减少人类与海鸥之间的负面互动产生影响，因为我们似乎在无意识地教会海鸥探索新的

食物。）”可知，DrGoumas认为通过该研究发现可能会对我们如何减少人类与海鸥之间的负面互动产生影

响，故推测DrGoumas认为该研究是有价值的。故选A。

D

Theysayyoucatchmoreflieswithhoneythanvinegar.Butwhenitcomestotacklingatrickytask,

researchershavefoundthatgettingangrycanalsobeapowerfulmotivator.

Theexperimentssuggestpeoplewhoareangryperformbetteronasetofchallengingtasksthanthosewhoare

emotionallyneutral.

Thestudy,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,detailshowresearchersatTexas

A&MUniversityconductedexperimentsinvolvingmorethan1,000people,andanalysedsurveydatafrommore

than1,400peopletoexplorethepossibleimpactofangeronpeopleinvariouscircumstances.

Inoneexperiment,studentswereshownimagespreviouslyfoundtocauseanger,desire,amusement,sadness

ornoparticularemotionatall.Participantsweresubsequentlyaskedtosolveaseriesofanagrams（变形词）.

Theresultsrevealthatforachallengingsetofanagrams,thosewhowereangrydidbetter-althoughno

differencewasseenforeasyanagrams.

Theresearcherssayoneexplanationcouldbedowntoalinkbetweenangerandgreaterpersistence（坚持），

withtheteamfindingthosewhowereangryspentmoretimeonthedifficultsetofanagrams.

Inanotherexperiment,participantswhowereangrydidbetteratavoidingflagsinaskiingvideogamethan

thosewhowereneutralorsad,andwereonaparwith（同水平）thosewhofeltamusementordesire.

“Thispatterncouldindicatethatgeneralphysicalarousal（激起）hadabenefitforgamescores,asthiswould

begreaterinanger,amused,anddesireconditionscomparedtothesadandneutralconditions,9,theresearchers

write.However,nosuchdifferencesinperformancewasfoundwhenitcametoaneasiervideogame.

“Peopleoftenprefertousepositiveemotionsastoolsmorethannegativeandtendtoseenegativeemotionsas

undesirable,saidLench,thefirstauthorofthestudy.tuOurresearchaddstothegrowingevidencethatamixof

positiveandnegativeemotionspromoteswellbeing,andthatusingnegativeemotionsastoolscanbeparticularly

effectiveinsomesituations.^^

32.Whattasksdidtheresearcherssetforthestudents?

A.Catchingflieswithhoney.

B.Helpinganalyzesurveydata.

C.Puttingtasksintodifferentcategories.

D.Performingtasksinvariousemotionalstates.

33.Whydoesangerenablepeopletoperformbetteronchallengingtasks?

A.Itbringsteamspiritintofullplay.

B.Itpromotesadeepinsightintothetasks.

C.Itincreasesefforttowardattainingagoal.

D.Itchangeschallengingtasksintoeasyones.

34.Whatareparagraphs7and8mainlyabout?

A.Researchresultconsistentwithpreviousfindings.

B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfinding.

C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethod.

D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.

35.WhatdoesLenchintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.Topresentmoreproofs.B.Todrawaconclusion.

C.Tomakeacomparison.D.Tocriticizeoldpractices.

【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一项研究表明：当面对艰巨任务时，愤怒也可以成为强有力的

动力源。研究人员表示，使用负面情绪作为工具在某些情况下可能特别有效。研究结果表明，正面情绪和

负面情绪的混合有助于促进幸福感。

【32题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中"Inoneexperiment,studentswereshownimagespreviouslyfoundtocauseanger,

desire,amusement,sadnessornoparticularemotionatall.Participantsweresubsequentlyaskedtosolveaseriesof

anagrams（变形词）.（在一项实验中，研究人员向学生们展示了之前发现会引起愤怒、欲望、娱乐、悲伤或根

本没有特定情绪的图片。随后，参与者被要求解决一系列字谜）”以及第五段中"Theresultsrevealthatfora

challengingsetofanagrams,thosewhowereangrydidbetter-althoughnodifferencewasseenforeasy

anagrams.（结果显示，在一组具有挑战性的字谜游戏中，那些生气的人表现得更好一一尽管在简单的字谜

游戏中没有发现差异）”可知，研究过程中，研究人员向学生们展示了之前发现会引起愤怒、欲望、娱乐、

悲伤或根本没有特定情绪的图片。随后，参与者被要求解决一系列字谜。由此可知，学生们在各种情绪状

态下执行任务。故选D。

【33题详解】

细节理解题。