2025届高考英语二轮复习备考专项冲刺专题16阅读理解一含解析

专题16【阅读理解】解题指导·触类旁通寻方法，求策略，驾驭“套路”驾驭四种题型选项特征，快速阅读不失分一．理解文中详细信息—细微环节理解题阅读理解【细微环节理解题】满分攻略命题趋势：通过语句的同义或反义转换来考察考生对文章的理解实力。答题技巧1.定位法→①小标题定位法：依据题干关键词和文章小标题信息，快速定位有效信息所在区域。②关键信息定位法：利用标记词，如专出名词、序数词、数字等来定位。③首尾句定位法：适用于主题句显明的文章。④同义定位法：依据题干关键词，在原文中定位其同义词。2.查读法→先看题干，带着问题去阅读文章，从而快而准地锁定目标信息。3.解除法→通过文章整体意思来判定难以选择的选项。命题规律1.考察内容→①时间、地点、人物、事务。②争论文中的例证。③数字类：时间、年龄、金额、数量等。④缘由和结果。⑤定义类2.考察题型→①干脆理解题：在原文中可干脆找到答案。②语意转化题：需将题目信息和原文信息进行语意转换，加工或处理。③数字计算题：干脆考查或计算考查。④图表图画题：理解图中暗含信息，按图索骥。3.题干设置→①特别疑问句形式：以when、where、what、which、who等疑问词开头引出的问题。②推断是非的形式：Nottrue或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题，要留意题干中是否有notnever等否定词。③以“Accordingto...”开头的提问形式。4.正确选项特点→①原文同义替换②词性、语态变更。③语言简化。④正话反说。5.干扰项特点→①扩缩范围②张冠李戴③正误并存④无中生有⑤望文生义⑥偷换概念⑦文不对题考点突破·针对提能明考点，攻重难，有效提升熟记高频词→突破阅读理解词汇障碍高考英语考前必背570个高频词第一组第二组1.acceleratevt.加速；促进2.absoluteadj.肯定的；无条件的；完全的3.liberaladj.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的4.transportvt.运输;运输n.运输;运输工具5.mildadj.暖和的；温煦的；温顺的6.tenderadj.温顺的；脆弱的7.nuisancen.损害;妨害;厌烦（的人或事物）8.insignificantadj.无意义的；无足轻重的9.exportn.出口（物）v.出口,输出10.importn.进口（物）v.进口,输入11.imposevt.把...加强(on)；接受；利用12.religionn.宗教；宗教信仰13.burstvi./n.突然发生；爆裂14.disposevi.除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)15.blastn.爆炸；气流vi.炸,炸掉16.consumev.消耗；耗尽17.splitv.劈开；割裂；分裂adj.裂开的18.spitv.吐（唾液等）；唾弃19.spillv.溢出；溅出；倒出20.extinctadj.绝灭的；熄灭的21.slidev.滑动；滑落n.滑动；幻灯片22.bacterian.细菌23.breedn.种；品种v.繁殖；产仔24.budgetn.预算v.编预算；作支配25.candidaten.候选人26.campusn.校内27.transformv.转变；变革；变换28.transmitv.传播；播送；传递29.transplantv.移植30.shiftv.转移；转动；转变31.varyv.变更；变更；使多样化32.vanishvi.歼灭；不见33.swallowv.吞下；咽下n.燕子34.suspicionn.怀疑；疑心35.suspiciousadj.怀疑的；可疑的36.boundaryn.分界线；边界37.catalogn.书目（册）v.编目38.vagueadj.模糊的；不明确的39.vainn.徒劳；白费40.extraordinaryadj.不平常的；非凡的41.agentn.代理人；代理商；动因；缘由42.alcoholn.含酒精的饮料；酒精43.appealn./vi.呼吁；请求44.appreciatevt.重视；赏识；观赏45.approvev.赞成；同意；批准46.stimulatevt.刺激；激励47.acquirevt.取得；获得；学到48.accomplishvt.完成；到达；实行49.networkn.网状物；电视网；网络50.tiden.潮汐；潮流51.wandervi.漫游；闲逛52.waxn.蜡53.weavev.织；编54.preservev.爱护；保存；保持；维持55.abusev.滥用；虐待；谩骂56.academicadj.学术的；探讨院的57.academyn.（高等）专科院校；学会58.batteryn.电池（组）59.barriern.障碍；棚栏60.cargon.（船、飞机等装载的）货物第三组第四组61.careern.生涯；职业62.vesseln.船舶；容器；器皿；血管63.verticaladj.垂直的64.obscureadj.阴暗；模糊65.extentn.程度；范围；大小；限度66.externaladj.外部的；外表的；外面的67.petroln.汽油68.petroleumn.石油69.delayvt./n.推迟；延误；耽搁70.decayvi.腐烂；腐朽71.decentadj.像样的；风光 的72.botherv.打扰；麻烦73.interferev.干涉；干扰；阻碍74.saken.原因；理由75.satelliten.卫星76.templen.庙宇77.tediousadj.乏味的；单调的78.tendvi.易于；趋向79.tendencyn.趋向；趋势80.ultimateadj.极端的；最大的；最终的81.adoptv.收养；接受；接受82.adaptvi.适应,适合；改编vt.使适应83.bachelorn.学士；学士学位；单身汉84.casualadj.偶然的；碰巧的；非正式的85.trapn.陷阱,圈套v.设陷阱捕获86.vacantadj.空的；未占用的87.vacuumn.真空；真空吸尘器88.oraladj.口头的；口述的89.opticsn.（单、复数同形）光学90.organn.器官；风琴91.excessn.过分；过量；过剩92.expelv.驱除；开除；赶出93.expendv.消费94.expendituren.支出；消费；经费95.expensen.开销；费用96.expensiveadj.花钱多的；价格名贵的97.privateadj.私人的；个人的98.individualadj.个别的；单独的n.个人99.personaladj.个人的；私人的；亲自的100.personneln.[总称]人员；员工101.thePacificOcean太平洋102.theAtlanticOcean大西洋103.theArcticOcean北冰洋104.theAntarcticOcean南冰洋105.grantvt.授予；同意；准予106.grandadj.雄宏大；壮美的；重大的107.invadev.侵入；侵略；侵袭108.acidn.酸；酸性物质adj.酸的109.acknowledgev.承认；致谢110.balconyn.阳台111.calculatevt.计算；核算112.calendarn.日历；月历113.optimisticadj.乐观114.optionaladj.可以任选的；非强制的115.outstandingadj.杰出的；显著的116.religiousadj.宗教的117.victimn.牺牲品；受害者118.internaladj.内部的；国内的119.videotapen.录像磁带v.录像120.offendv.冒犯；触犯第五组第六组121.favorableadj.赞扬道；有利的122.submitvi.(to)屈服；听从123.timbern.木材；原木124.beforehandadv.预先；事先125.racialadj.人种的种族的126.radiationn.放射物；辐射127.radicaladj.根本的；激进的128.rangen.范围v.（在某范围内）变动129.wondern.惊异；奇迹v.对...感到怀疑130.isolatevt.使隔离；使孤立131.issuen.问题；发行；（报刊）一期132.hollowadj.空的；中空的；空腹的133.hookn.钩vt.钩住134.adequateadj.适当的；足够的135.adherevi.粘附；附着；遵守；坚持136.bann.禁令vt.取缔；禁止137.capturevt.俘虏；捕获138.validadj.有效的；正值的139.valleyn.山谷；峡谷140.consistentadj.一样的；始终如一的141.continuousadj.接着的;连续（不断）的142.continualadj.不断地；常见的143.explodev.爆炸；爆发；激增144.exploitv.剥削；利用；开采145.explorev.勘探146.explosionn.爆炸；爆发；激增147.explosiveadj.爆炸的；易引起争辩的148.remoteadj.遥远的；偏僻的149.removaln.除去；消退150.rendervt.使得；致使151.rendervt.呈递；归还；汇报；实施152.precautionn.预防；防备；警惕153.idleadj.懒散的；无所事事的154.identifyvt.认出；鉴定155.identifyn.身份；特性；特性156.povertyn.贫困157.resistantadj.(to)反抗的;抗...的;耐...的158.resolvevt.解决；确定；决意159.barreln.桶160.bargainn.便宜货vi.讨价还价161.coarseadj.粗的；粗糙的；粗劣的162.coachn.教练；长途公共汽车163.coden.准则；法规；密码164.coiln.线圈v.卷；盘绕165.ridgen.脊；山脊；埂166.rigidadj.严格的；僵硬的167.advertisev.为...做广告168.advertisementn.广告169.agencyn.代理商；经销商170.forbidvt.不许；禁止171.debaten./v.辩论；争辩172.debtn.欠债173.decaden.十年174.enclosevt.围住；把...装入信封175.encountervt./n.遭受；遭到176.globen.地球；世界；地球仪177.sacrificevt.牺牲n.牺牲；祭品178.scanvt.细看；扫描；阅读179.scandaln.丑事；丑闻180.significancen.意义；重要性2024年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练一解析版跟踪检测·迁移应用练模拟，练规范，夯基提能2024年高考英语【阅读理解】题型强化训练一解析版Test1Britsareextremelybadatlanguages,withmanyofusrelyingonthefactthattherestoftheworldspeakEnglish.Onlyhalf(51%)areabletospeakasecondlanguagetoanystandardandasmorepeopletravelabroad,thisisbecominganincreasingregret,accordingtoanewstudy.Almosttwo­thirds(62%)ofUKadultswishtheywerebetteratspeakinglanguages.Sotheycanbetterunderstandacity’sculture(38%ofrespondents),talkwithlocals(24%)andgobeyondtheguidebook(21%)．Overcominglanguagebarrierscanbeoneofthemostdifficultpartsofaholiday,particularlywheninunfamiliarsurroundings.Sostressfulinthefactthat10%ofrespondentssaidtheydidn’ttravelbecauseoftheproblem.ThesurveybyHostelworldshowedthatoneinfiveblamedgettinglostonthelanguagebarrier,whileasimilarnumberhadproblemsorderingfoodandoneintengotonthewrongtrain,planeorotherformoftransportation.Iflanguagesweren’tanissuethenoneineight(12%)BritswouldvisitJapan.China,ItalyandRussiawerealsopopularchoices.Despitethecommunicationproblem,Japanhasseena7.5%increaseinthenumberofBritishvisitorsbetweenJanuaryandApril,comparedtothistimelastyear.“ThenumberofBritishtravelerstoJapanhasbeengrowingyearonyear，”accordingtoHollieMantle,marketingandcommunicationmanagerfortheJapaneseTouristBoard.“PeoplearerealizingthatJapanisoneofthemosthospitableandbeautifulcountriesonearth,withsomanynewexperiencesfortravelerstotry,nottomentionworld­classcuisine！”TheyhadthismessageforBritsthinkingaboutvisiting：“Thoughsometravelersworryaboutlanguagebarriers,assoonasyouarriveinJapan,you’llrealizethatpeoplewillgooutoftheirwaytohelpyouenjoytheircountry.Therereallyarefew‘barriers’—roadsignsandtrainstationsareinEnglish,you’llfindthatpeoplespeakmoreEnglishthantheyleton,andevenwhentheydon’t,theywillgoaboveandbeyondtohelpyouout.”1．Whatdoweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Britsarepooratlanguages.B．Britsregretwhattheyhavedone.C．Britslikerelyingonothers.D．Britsaregoodatlanguages.2．HowmanyBritscan’torderfoodcorrectlybecauseoflanguagebarriers?A．About10%. B．About12%.C．About20%. D．About21%.3．Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingdescription.D．Bylistingdata.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了语言障碍成为英国人出国旅游的一大顾虑。1．A解析：推理推断题。依据第一段第一句“Brits(英国人)areextremelybadatlanguages,withmanyofusrelyingonthefactthattherestoftheworldspeakEnglish.”点题，并结合对前两段的整体理解可推知，英国人的语言实力比较差，故选A。2．C解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“ThesurveybyHostelworldshowedthatoneinfiveblamedgettinglostonthelanguagebarrier,whileasimilarnumberhadproblemsorderingfood”可知，1/5即20%的英国人因为语言障碍不能正确点餐，故选C。3．D解析：写作手法题。依据对文章的整体理解可知，本文列举了大量的数据来论证作者的观点，由此可推知，本文是通过列出数据来绽开的，故选D。Test2RobertFrost(1874－1963)wasthestatesmanofAmericanlettersinthetwentiethcentury,ararenationalpoetwhowasreadandrespectedbybothuniversityprofessorsandeverydaycitizens.Inhislife,FrostwonfourPulitzerPrizesforhisworks—morethananyotherpoetinAmericanhistory.HismostfamouspoemsincludeTheRoadNotTaken,FireandIceandStoppingbyWoodsonaSnowyEvening.Thoughheiswidelyread,FrostisalsooneofthemostmisunderstoodwritersintheUnitedStatesforthecomplexityofhispoems.ThoughborninCalifornia,FrostwasbroughtupinNewEngland,whereheisinseparablylinked.AfterdroppingoutofDartmouthCollegetoseekhisliterarydream,heremainedupsetforyears,producingcollectionsofworksbutfailingtogetenoughofthempublishedtomakehiseffortsfinanciallyworthwhile.Finally,FrostlefttheUnitedStatesin1912toseewhetherhisworkmightbebetterreceivedinLondon.Itwas,andin1913hisfirstfullcollectionwaspublishedinGreatBritain.FellowAmericanpoetAmyLowelladoredFrost’sworkandbroughtitbacktotheUnitedStates,publicizingitinsistently.SoonafterwardsFrost’scollectionsbecamebestsellers,andhebecameafamousfigure.Fromthenon,Frostwasonhiswaytothelifelongrespectandrecognitionforhisachievementsinpoetry.In1961,hewasinvitedtoreadapoemforthepresidentialinauguration(总统就职典礼)ofJohnF．Kennedy.Herecitedhispoem,TheGiftOutright,frommemoryattheceremony.Thiswasperhapshislastpoetryreadinginfrontofawidenationalaudiencebeforehisdeathin1963.Moreimportantly,Frostbecamethefirstpoettoreadapoematapresidentialinauguration.1．WhatmakesFrost“thestatesmanofAmericanletters”？A．Thecommentsofotherwriters.B．Hisliteraryachievements.C．Thecomplexityofhispoems.D．Hispoliticalactivities.2．WhatdoweknowaboutFrostbefore1912?A．HecontinuedwritingafterhisgraduationfromDartmouthCollege.B．HewaswellreceivedinLondonforhisfirstcollection.C．Hefailedtomakemuchmoneywithhispublication.D．Heproducedenoughworkstoachieveliterarysuccess.3．Accordingtothepassage,whatbroughtFrostimmediatesuccessintheUS?A．Theliteraryvalueofhispoetry.B．Thepublicationofhisfirstcollection.C．TheinvitationfromJohnF．Kennedy.D．TherecommendationbyAmyLowell.4．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheLiteraryLifeofRobertFrost：AnOverviewB．RobertFrostandtheTwentiethCenturyC．RobertFrost：AHistoricalFigureD．ThePopularityofRobertFrost【解题导语】文章主要介绍了美国宏大的诗人RobertFrost的文学生涯。1．B解析：推理推断题。依据第一段中的“ararenationalpoetwhowasreadandrespectedbybothuniversityprofessorsandeverydaycitizens...inAmericanhistory”可知，他的文学成就很高。故选B项。2．C解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“butfailingtogetenoughofthempublishedtomakehiseffortsfinanciallyworthwhile”可知，当时Frost没能靠写作挣到许多钱。3．D解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“FellowAmericanpoetAmyLowelladoredFrost’sworkandbroughtitbacktotheUnitedStates,publicizingitinsistently...afamousfigure.”可知，美国诗人AmyLowell喜爱Frost的作品，并把它带去了美国进行宣扬，这使得Frost在美国快速取得胜利，故选D项。4．A解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了美国宏大的诗人RobertFrost的文学生涯。A选项意为“RobertFrost的文学生涯概述”，能概括文意，故选A项。Test3Airpollutionshortenshumanlivesbymorethanayear,accordingtoanewstudyfromateamofleadingenvironmentalengineersandpublichealthresearchers.Betterairqualitycouldleadtoasignificantextensionoflifespans(寿命)aroundtheworld.Itisthefirsttimethatdataonairpollutionandthelifespanhasbeenstudiedtogetherinordertocheckhowairpollutionaffectsoveralllifeexpectancy.Theresearcherslookedatoutdoorairpollutionfromparticulatematter(PM)(颗粒物)smallerthan2.5microns.Theseparticulatescanenterdeepintothelungs,andbreathingPM2.5isassociatedwiththeincreasedriskofheartattacks,strokesandcancer.PM2.5pollutioncomesfrompowerplants,carsandtrucks,fires,agricultureandindustrialemissions(排放物)．LedbyJoshuaApte,theteamuseddatafromtheGlobalBurdenofDiseaseStudytomeasurePM2.5airpollutionexposureanditsconsequencesin185countries.Theythenquantifiedthenationalimpactonlifeexpectancyforeachindividualcountryaswellasonaglobalscale.“Thefactthatairpollutionisamajorglobalkillerisalreadywell­known，”saidApte.“Andweallcareabouthowlongwecanlive.Here,wewereabletosystematicallyidentifyhowairpollutionshortenslivesaroundtheworld.Whatwefoundisthatairpollutionhasaverylargeeffectonsurvival—onaverageaboutayearglobally.”Inthecontextofothersignificantphenomenanegativelyaffectinghumansurvivalrates,Aptesaidthisisabignumber.“Forexample,it’sconsiderablylargerthanthebenefitinsurvivalwemightseeifwefoundcuresforbothlungandbreastcancercombined，”hesaid.“IncountrieslikeIndiaandChina,thebenefitforelderlypeopleofimprovingairqualitywouldbeespeciallylarge.FormuchofAsia,ifairpollutionwereremovedasariskfordeath,60­year­oldswouldhavea15percentto20percenthigherchanceoflivingtoage85orolder.”1．WhatdoweknowaboutPM2.5?A．Ithasabadeffectonhumanhealth.B．Itwillbecontrolledinthefuture.C．Itmainlycomesfromindustrialemissions.D．ItspreadstotheworldfromAsiancountries.2．Whatdidtheresearchersdotostudyhowairpollutionaffectsthelifespan?A．TheycollectedaccurateinformationfromalltheAsiancountries.B．Theyemployedtheresearchdatatocalculatetheeffect.C．Theystudiedthediseaseandlifespantogethertimeandtimeagain.D．Theymeasuredparticulatemattermuchmorecarefullythanbefore.3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Thekeytopeoplelivinglongerisgoodairquality.B．Peoplethinkairpollutionisthemostdangerouskillertothem.C．Aptewillagreethatpeopleshouldtakeactiontodealwithairpollution.D．Factoriesshoulddecreasetheproductionofcarstostopairpollution.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheWayHumanBeingsEnjoyaLongerLifespanB．TheImportanceofGettingRidofAirPollutionC．AsianPeopleAreSufferingfromSeriousAirPollutionD．AirPollutionReducestheLifespanbyMorethanOneYear【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。探讨表明，良好的空气质量有益于延长寿命，但是空气污染使得细颗粒物进入人体肺部，导致心脏病、癌症、中风发病率上升，从而影响人的寿命。1．A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段其次句“Theseparticulatescanenterdeepintothelungs,andbreathingPM2.5isassociatedwiththeincreasedriskofheartattacks,strokesandcancer.”可知，PM2.5影响人体健康，故A项正确。2．B解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Itisthefirsttimethatdataonairpollutionandthelifespanhasbeenstudiedtogetherinordertocheckhowairpollutionaffectsoveralllifeexpectancy.”可知，这是首次将空气污染和寿命数据结合起来探讨，以查明空气污染如何影响总体预期寿命。故B项正确。3．C解析：推理推断题。依据尾段的内容，尤其是“IncountrieslikeIndiaandChina,thebenefitforelderlypeopleofimprovingairqualitywouldbeespeciallylarge.”可知，Apte认为改善空气质量对老年人有好处。据此可推知，他会同意人们实行措施应对空气污染，故C项正确。4．D解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句“Airpollutionshortenshumanlivesbymorethanayear,accordingtoanewstudyfromateamofleadingenvironmentalengineersandpublichealthresearchers.”为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章通过介绍科学探讨，说明空气污染导致人的寿命削减一年以上。故D项最适合作本文的标题。Test4EmiliaDobektracesherinterestinspaceandtheuniversebacktothirdgradewhensheandherfatherwatchedabloodmoon—atotallunareclipse(月食)—ontheroofoftheirhouse.NowaseventhgraderatEastPrairieElementarySchool,DobekrecentlywonthenationalDiscoveryEducationLockheedMartinBeyondChallengebydesigningaspacestationfortravellingtoMars.Shesaysthatnightwatchingthelunareclipsestartedastrongdesireinherthathasyettorunoutoffuel.SowhenherteacherAndreaSmeetonreceivedinformationaboutthenationalchallenge,Smeetonsaidsheimmediatelyhadonestudentinmind.“Iknewshewouldlovethechallengeandthatshewouldgowaybeyondinhersearch,”Smeetonsaid.“Sheimmediatelystartedresearchingbonedensity(密度)ofastronautsandhowtohavefoodonMars.”“Mydesignwillensurethesafetyoftheastronautsbutalsomakesuretheircomfortisoutofthisworld，”Dobeksays.Dobek’sdesigncallsforbuildingtheMSSorMarsStorageStationtoputthesuppliesin.ItalsoincludestheSGForSelf­GrowingFarm,andshedetailshowitwouldworkwiththeelementsonMars.ThenthereisphysicalandleisureactivityfortheastronautsunderDobek’sdesign.Asimulator(模拟装置)allowsastronautstochoosetheirexercisemachineandvirtualrealityenvironment.RoomshavecircularceilingssoastronautswillbeabletowatchdownloadedshowsandevenseeplacesonEarth,suchastheirhomes.“Iwanttotellotherkidstofollowtheirpassions,”Dobeksaid.“Whatevertheywanttodo,theyshouldpushforitandalwaystrytheirbest.”1．Dobekfirstbecameinterestedinspacewhen________．A．shewasstillaseventhgraderB．shestudiedatajuniorhighschoolC．shelivedonthetopoftheirhouseD．shewatchedaneclipseofthemoon2．SmeetonrecommendedthatDobektakethechallengebecause________．A．sheknewDobeklikedchallengesinlifeB．shehadnootherstudentsinterestedinMarsC．DobekknewhowtoresearchbonedensityofastronautsD．shewassurethatDobekwouldhaveoutstandingperformance3．WhatdoesDobekfocusonwhendesigningthespacestation?A．TheenvironmentonMars.B．Thesafetyofthesupplies.C．Theactivitiesforastronauts.D．Thecomfortoftheastronauts.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了小学生EmiliaDobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。1．D解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段“EmiliaDobektracesherinterestinspaceandtheuniversebacktothirdgradewhensheandherfatherwatchedabloodmoon—atotallunareclipse(月食)—ontheroofoftheirhouse.”可知，Dobek对太空感爱好是从她三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食起先的。2．D解析：推理推断题。依据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并精彩完成充溢信念。3．D解析：推理推断题。依据文章第五段中的“makesuretheircomfortisoutofthisworld”并结合对倒数其次段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也能感到舒适。Test5Anewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(航天探测器)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26­dayjourney.TheChang’e4lunarprobe,representingChina’slateststepinlunarinvestigation,landedat10：26amattheVonKármáncraterandthensentbackthreephotosofthelandingsiteshotbycamerasontheprobe’slander(着陆器),markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside.Oneofthephotos,publishedbytheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration,showstheplacewhereChang’e4’srover,whichwasnamedYutu2onThursdaynight,willbeheadingtoexploreandsurvey.ThusbeganthefirstlongjourneytothesideofthemoonthatfacesawayfromtheEarth.Itismeanttofulfillscientists’long­helddesiretocloselyobservethelesserknownregion.Tidal(潮汐的)forcesonEarthslowthemoon’srotationtothepointthatthesamesidealwaysfacesEarth.Theotherside,mostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft,startingwithaSovietprobein1959,noprobehadevermadeasoftlandingthere,soscientistshadnotbeenabletoconductsurface­levelobservationsandsurveysoftheregion.WuWeiren,chiefdesignerofChina’slunarprogram,saidinBeijingonThursdaythatthelanding“wasperfect”.Hecalledtheevent“animportantmilestoneforChina’sspaceexploration”,addingthatithasmadeagoodstartforfuturelunarexplorationefforts.Withitsinvestigationofthefarside,particularlytheVonKármáncrater,theChang’e4missionwillenablescientiststofindoutwhattheyhaven’tknownaboutthemoonanddeepentheirknowledgeofitsearlyhistoryandofthesolarsystem.1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThebasicdataoftheChang’e4lunarprobe.B．TheChang’e4’sworld­firstlandingonthemoon’sfarside.C．TheChang’e4’s26­dayvisittothefarsideofthemoon.D．Thedescriptionofthephotostakenonthesurfaceofthemoon’sfarside.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．Thelander.B．Therover.C．Thefarsideofthemoon.D．TheChang’e4lunarprobe.3．Whatcanweinferfromthistext?A．Itisonlyonthemoonthatpeoplecanexplorethedeepspace.B．ThescientificinformationobtainedbyChang’e4willbenewtotheworld.C．Itisthefirsttimeforpeopletoseethepicturesofthefarsideofthemoon.D．Chinesespacetechnologyismoreadvancedthanthatofanyothercountry’s.4．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanweprobablyreadthistext?A．Tourism.B．HealthCare.C．ScienceandTechnology.D．ArtandEntertainment.【解题导语】嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标记着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面供应了信息。1．B解析：段落大意题。依据第一段第一句“Anewchapteropenedinmankind’sexplorationofthemoononThursdaymorningasthefirstprobe(航天探测器)tolandonthemoon’sfarsidereacheditsdestinationaftera26­dayjourney.”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。2．C解析：代词指代题。依据第三段的其次句“Theotherside,mostofwhichisnevervisiblefromEarth,isthefarsideofthemoon.”以及画线词所在句中的“Whileithasbeenphotographedbyspacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“thefarsideofthemoon”，故选C。3．B解析：推理推断题。依据第一段最终一句中的“markingtheworld’sfirstimagestakenonthesurfaceofthefarside”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的，由此可推知，B项正确。4．C解析：文章出处题。本文为新闻报道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标记着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。Test6Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortfoodweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomake