第二章第6讲形容词副词（一）学案

课程主题：形容词和副词（一）学习目标掌握形容词、副词常考知识点并能灵活运用于各题型之中；2.掌握形容词副词的转换方法以及易错点。教学内容【进门测试】1.—Look,howbeautifulthecaris!—Yes,butit’stoo_________forme.expensiveB.highC.cheapD.low2.Thiseggsmells_______,thoughitlooksallright.A.goodB.wellC.badD.badly3.—Ithinkwinterisabeautifulseason,_______whenitsnows.—Me,too.speciallyB.especiallyC.probablyD.properly4.Noneofthestudentswatchedit_______.A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefullyC.carefullyenoughD.enoughcareful5.Themandidn’tget_______lastnightsoheisn’t_______tofinishtheworktoday.A.enoughsleep;enoughenergeticB.sleepenough;enoughenergeticC.enoughsleep;energeticenoughD.sleepenough;energeticenough6.Itisoneo'clock,butherfatherhasn'teback__________.A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet7.Whatisthemost________animalintheforest?(power)8.Itis______forhimtofinishthejobintwohours.Heissoslow.(possible)9.Ifeelquitefortableathomewhenitisraining______outside.(heavy)10.Jackissucha_______fellow,forhealwaysleavesthisorthatattheoffice.(forget)11.Lilyis______enoughtogettheprizeinthe2017ShanghaiJuniorHighSchoolEnglishContest.(luck)12.Onestarrynight,whenthesevenlittledwarfswentbackhomefromwork,theyfoundsomething_______atonce.(usual)【多元导学】Isitsurprising?Orisitsurprised?Isitsurprising?Orisitsurprised?【互动精讲】【知识梳理1】形容词1.基本概念形容词：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。主要功能定语：abeautifulgirl 表语：Sheisbeautiful. 宾语补足语：Iwillmakeyouhappy.Ifounditinteresting.(make/find/leave/keep)【例题精讲】1.形容词作表语例1：Theseorangestaste_______.good

B.well

C.tobegood

D.tobewell例2：Thetwinsaretogethermostofthetime.Sotheyneverfeel________.aloneB.lonelyC.happilyD.friendly2.形容词作定语例1.The

personistalkingwiththedoctor.

A.ill

B.sick

C.illness

D.sickness3.形容词做宾语补足语例1：Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open例2：Thewarmademillionsofpeople_______.(home)形容词位置1.定语a.放在名词前：aprettygirlb.不定代词后：somethingdifferentc.else放在疑问代词后：whatelsed..较长后置：aswimmingpooltenmeterslong意义相反：Allthepeople,youngandold,arefondofmusic.☆当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时，或形容词用来修饰somebody,something,anything,nothing等的时候，便会出现后置形容词。如：Theboyinterestedinmusicismybrother.对音乐感兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellus?你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗？☆多个形容词排序：（限定词）→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→（名词）如：Thereisafamousfineoldstonebridgenearthevillage.村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。☆the+adj.形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich/poor;good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white(表示人种等)。如：Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。并列形容词作定语MrSmithboughta_______purseforhiswife.A.smallblacknewleatherB.smallnewblackleatherC.leathersmallblacknewD.blacksmallnewleather4.种类（1）.品质形容词：英语中大量形容词属于这一类，他们表示人或物的品质如：Theplaywasboring.那出戏很枯燥乏味。Youhaveanhonestface.

你有一张诚实的脸。☆It’s+adj+for/of+sb+todosth1)It’s+adj.+forsb+todosth意思是“对某人而言做……事是……的”例如：It’sdifficultforDebbietochoosetherighthairstyle.对黛比而言选择一个合适的发型挺困难的。在这个句子中，it是形式主语，代替后面真正的主语，即不定式短语tochoosetherighthairstyle，因此，这个句子也可变为：TochoosetherighthairstyleisdifficultforDebbie.该句型里的形容词是说明后面不定式短语的，里面的sb跟该形容词没有直接联系，forsb表示“对某人来说”。常用于此句型的形容词还有difficult,convenient,important,impossible,possible,necessary,easy等。2)It’s+adj.+ofsb+todosth意思是“某人做某事是……的”。例如：Itisfoolishofmetoleavemypurseathome.我把钱包留在家里真是太愚蠢了。在这个句子中形容词跟sb有关，是用来修饰sb的。其中的“adj.+of+sb”实际上是“sb+be+adj.”之意，常用于此句型的形容词有good,kind,nice,clever,wise,foolish,brave,careless,generous,mean,right,wrong,bad,cruel,polite,rude,silly等。（2）.颜色形容词：有少数表示颜色的形容词如：Shehadonabluecoat.

她穿了一件蓝色的外套。（3）.

ing形容词：有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词，如：exciting–ed形容词：它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的，一般有被动意义，多数为品质形容词如：Shelookedtired。☆1)

描写人与动物的感受与表情，用ed形容词(感受的表现)2)

描写引起这些感受与表情的人、动物与事物，用ing形容词(感受的起因)常见以ing/ed结尾的形容词如下：

amazing令人惊异的；

amazed感到惊异的

amusing令人愉快的；

amused感到开心的

boring令人讨厌的；

bored感到厌烦的

confusing令人迷惑的；

confused感到迷惑的

disappointing令人失望的；

disappointed感到失望的

disturbing烦人的；

disturbed受到干扰的

encouraging令人鼓舞的；

encouraged受到鼓励的

entertaining愉快的，有趣的；entertained感到愉快的

freezing冰冻的，严寒的；

frozen冻僵了的

frightening令人害怕的；

frightened感到害怕的

inspiring令人鼓舞的；

inspired受到鼓舞的

interesting令人感兴趣的；

interested感兴趣的

moving感动人的；

moved受感动的

pleasing令人高兴的；

pleased感到高兴的

puzzling令人不解的；

puzzled感到不解的

surprising令人惊讶的；

surprised感到惊讶的

touching令人感动的；

touched受感动的

worrying令人担忧的；

worried感到担忧的【例题精讲】1.形容词ing与ed的区别和用法例1：Itisvery________tolistentohim.interestedB.interestingC.interestedD.interest例2：DraculaandFrankensteinare________filmcharacters.frightenB.frightened

C.frighteningD.frightenly例3.WeareaboutthenewsthatBeijingwillholdtheWinterOlympicsin2022. excited;exciting B.exciting;excitedC.excited;excited D.exciting;exciting例4.Thoserelatives(亲戚)were_______.Afterafewdays,hegot_______andmissedhisparentsverymuch.A.boring;boringB.bored;boringC.bored;boredD.boring;bored 合成形容词：warmhearted热心的，heartbreaking

令人心碎的例1.Whatapity!Imissed_______speech(演讲)byPresidentXiJinpingyesterday.A.aonehour B.anonehour C.theonehour D.theonehour（5）表语形容词：只能作表语，大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。初中英语中常见的表语形容词有：afraid,alive,alone,asleep,awake,glad,ill(生病的),ready,sorry,sure,unable,well(健康的)等。如：I’msorrynottohavebeenreadyfortheparty.

很抱歉，晚会我还没有准备好。Thechildrenwereasleepjustnow,butnowthey’reawake.

孩子们刚才在睡觉，现在醒了。Theywereunabletohelpus.

他们没法帮助我们【例题精讲】例1.Hefeltvery_________(sleep)andfell________

(sleep)soonwhenhelayinbed.例2.The______aremoreimportanttousthanthedead.A.living

B.alive

C.lively

D.live

例3.Samisabouthisspeechbecausehethinksheiswellprepared. A.honest B.confidentC.modest D.curious例3.Iliveina(n)neighborhood.Manypeopleandcarseandgoveryoften. A.quiet B.empty C.noisy D.lonely例4—Ourdaughterlooksabit.

—Don’tworry.Thisisherfirsttimetospeakinpublic.active B.excited C.brave D.nervous例5.It’s(疲惫的)toclimbthemountainfornearlyfourhours.【课堂练习】1.ThelittledancerfromAustralialooksinthelongskirt. A.gentlyB.happilyC.beautifullyD.lovely2.—Believeitornot,apigfromSouthAfricastartedpaintingseveralmonthsago.—Anythingis. A.lively B.possibleC.valuable D.personal3.—Whatshouldwedowiththedriverhurtinthecaraccident?—Lethimstay.Helpisontheway. A.calm B.silent C.lonely D.still4.Youboughtthelastticketfortheconcert.Howyouare! A.sweet B.lucky C.strange D.funny5.—Whydon’tyoubuythesweater?—It’stoo,andIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyit. A.nice B.expensiveC.popular D.cheap6.We’venomoneyandthelastbushasgone.Anyidea? A.funny B.bright C.opposite D.correct7.—Mom,Iwasthefirsttoreachthetopofthemountain.—Goodjob,Charlie.I’mofyou. A.tired B.proud C.sure D.sick8.Areyoualone?Ijustwantawordwithyou. A.singleB.new C.private D.certain9.—Isthereintoday’snewspaper?

—No.Ithinkeverythinginitisboring. interestinganything B.somebodyinterestingC.interestingsomething D.anythinginteresting10.The119passengersareLiuChuanjian.Withouthim,theywouldprobablyhavelosttheirlives. A.hardon B.thankfultoC.friendlyto D.responsiblefor11.—Mom,I’vejustgotanewjobinabigpany.—valuable B.fortable C.fashionable D.strong12.—Myparentsareso(严格的)withme.Thatmakesmeveryangry.—eon!That’sbecausetheyloveyou.【知识梳理2】副词1.概念：用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词2.构成：从形态上看，大多数副词都是由“形容词＋后缀ly”构成的如：slowly,heavily,truly,terribly☆形容词变副词的规律口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。如：true—truly,happy—happily,possible—possibly☆英语中还有少数与形容词同形的副词，如：daily,early,fast,hard,high,long,near,straight,well比较它们的词义和用法：thehighjump跳高项目（形容词）

tojumphigh跳得高（副词）afastcar

行得快的汽车（形容词）todrivefast

开快车（副词）anearlyriser

早起的人（形容词）togetupearly

起得早（副词）astraightline直线（形容词）gostraightahead.

一直朝前走（副词）3.分类：副词按词汇意义可分为：方式副词：well,fast,slowly,carefully,quickly程度副词：very,much,enough,almost,rather,quite地点副词：here,there,out,somewhere,abroad,home时间副词：today,early,soon,now,then,recently,still频度副词：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never否定副词：no,not,neither,nor疑问副词：where,how,why其他：also,too,only4.位置:1）在实义动词之前2）在be动词、助动词之后3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后Tips：a.大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。如：Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。b.方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。如：HespeaksEnglishwell.他英语说得好。☆副词连用顺序：程度副词+方式副词+地点副词+时间副词。☆频度副词放在实义动词的前面，情态动词和助动词的后面。如：Ioftenhelphimthesedays.这些日子我经常帮助他。Youmustn'talwaysforgivehim.你不能老是原谅他。Thegirlstudentsdon'toftenplaybasketball.女生并不时常打篮球。☆时间副词和地点副词在一个句中,地点在前,时间在后如：Wewentshoppinginthesupermarketat9o'clockyesterday.☆较特殊情况的副词可以放在句首，表一种伴随状态。如：Fortunately,Imanageditintime.【知识梳理3】形容词副词转换1.相互转换方法：以下口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。（1）一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。如：correctcorrectly,finalfinally,realreally,carefulcarefully。（也可能考carelessly,一定要让学生有语境翻译意识，不要因为只熟悉carefully而忽略其反义词。）（2）以元音加e结尾的单词要去e再加ly。如：truetruly；以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。如：terribleterribly（3）辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i再加ly。例如：angryangrily，happyhappily(常考词变化：luck(un)lucky(un)luckily,health(un)healthy(un)healthily,特别要注意区分这几个词的词性和词义)（4）单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如：shyshyly（5）要特别注意形容词、副词同形：hard,fast,late,early等。其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如：hardly就变成“几乎不”的意思（6）不是所有以ly结尾的单词都是副词，这是学生容易产生误解的。往往规律是：形容词+ly→副词名词+ly→形容词（常见的有：friendly,lovely）[注]以ly结尾的形容词有：daily,weekly，monthly，lovely，lively，friendly等。【例题精讲】例1._________,hewasbadlyhurtinthistrafficaccident.A.LuckyB.LuckilyC.UnluckilyD.Unlucky例2.—willourmanagereback?—Probablyintwodays.Hehasalotofthingstodealwith.A.Howfar B.Howoften C.HowlongD.Howsoon例3.Pleasespeak__________tothosechildrenwithhearingproblemssothattheycanreadyourmouthmoreeasilyandunderstandbetter.A.happilyB.politely C.quietly D.slowly例4.Thefansinthehallclappedhands________whentheysawtheirfavouritepopstarsein.A.excitedB.excitedlyC.excitingD.excitingly例5.__________isaboatticketforchildren?Howoldisyourchild?It’sfreeforkidsunderthreeyearsold.A.HowlongB.Howmuch C.Howoften D.Howsoon例6.Theweatheris________（terrible）hothereinsummer.例7.They_______（final）finishedhikingalongwayandgottothetopofthehill.例8.Manyforeignersspeak(高度地)ofChina’shighspeedrailwaytechnologies.例9.Ihopemyrobotwillbeabletodothethings(proper)accordingtomyorders.例10.Whenthepolicefoundthelostchildthreehourslater,hewastoohungry,(口渴的)andtiredtostand.【课堂练习】1.Thewholefamilyalltreatedus________,sowelikethemverymuch.A.kindB.nicelyC.friendlyD.lovely2.Ihavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.I’m_________sorry.(terrible)3.Itis_________thatthemeetingwillbeginat3thisafternoon.（确定的）4.—_________didyouworkoutthephysicsprobleminsuchashorttime?—WithMr.Li’shelp.A.When B.Where C.HowD.Which5.—Johnissoexcited.Didhewinthepetition?—Yes.Hehad_________oneminutetopletethespecialtask,nomoreandnoless.A.especially B.probably C.exactly D.hardly6.Youmaymeetmanydifficultiesinthefuture.Youshouldlearntobe_________enoughtotakeonanychallenge.A.confident B.modest C.generous D.curious7.Earthquakesalwayshappen______soyoushouldknowsomewaystoprotectyourselvesoncetheye.A.silently B.hopefully C.suddenly D.carelessly8.—Jackisa/anyoungman.—That’strue.Healwaysfeelsnervouswhenhespeaksinfrontofpeople.A.friendlyB.shyC.honestD.lively9.YesterdayIsawamanparkinghisbicyclebythestreetandhe(care)knockedoverseveralbicycles.Whatashame!【知识梳理5】形容词、副词的特殊形式1）大部分以ly结尾的词是副词。但有些形容词也以ly结尾：friendly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early,silly等。2）high与highly：high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。如：Theplanewasflyinghigh.Itishighlypossibletofinishtheworkin1hour.3）wide与widely：wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”。如：Heopenedthedoorwide.Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.4）free与freely：free的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”如：Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurant.Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.5）hard与hardly：hard表示“坚硬的，努力地”；hardly表示“几乎不”。如：WeshouldstudyEnglishhard.Hehardlygoestoschoolonfoot.6）副词有加a或ly的区别在于：通常加a的副词描述一种状态，而加ly的副词则倾向于感觉。如：asleep（睡着的状态）；sleepy（困倦的）；alone（独自地）；lonely（孤独的）；alive（活的）；lively（活跃的）7）deep与deeply：deep意思是深，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地。如：Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。

Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm.老爸也被电影深深打动了。8）late与lately：late意思是晚；lately意思是最近。如：Youhaveetoolate.你来得太晚了。

Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?近来好吗？9）close与closely：close意思是近；closely意思是仔细地。如：Heissittingclosetome.他就坐在我边上。

Watchhimclosely.盯着他。【例题精讲】一．单项选择例1.—Ididn’tknowyoudrivetowork!—Oh,Ido,butit’srainingheavilytodayandIhatetogetwet. A.never B.sometimesC.usually D.seldom例2.Sleepingisagoodthing,butsomepeoplesleep. A.easily B.badly C.quickly D.well例3.Therewasabigfireyesterday.,noonewashurt. A.Luckily B.LoudlyC.Angrily D.Badly例4..Ican’theartheteacherwithsomuchnoiseoutside.

A.clearly B.slowlyC.warmly D.bravely例5.—Thefishtastes.Wehaveeatenitup.

—Itiscertainthatshecookedit. A.good;well B.well;goodC.well;well D.good;good例6.Themathproblemisn’tdifficult,andmostofthestudentscanworkitout.

A.hardly B.easilyC.simply D.impossibly例7.Theroomis.Pleaseturnoffthelight. A.brightenough B.enoughbrightC.bigenough D.enoughbig例8.Thelittlegirlisalwaystooshyandafraidtoexpressherselfinpublic. A.angrily B.clearlyC.quietly D.politely例9..—Look!Itisraining.

—That’sright.Therainistootogoshopping. A.heavily;heavy B.heavily;heavilyC.heavy;heavy D.heavy;heavily例10.InSanya,youcanenjoyallthewatersports,or______lieonthebeach.A.simply B.hardly C.nearly D.especially例11.LindaalwaysdoeswellinherwrittenEnglish,butshecanunderstandEnglishfilms.A.usually B.hardly C.easily D.already【课堂练习】一．单项选择。1.Grandmaisratherdeaf，soyoumustspeakclearlyand________toher.A．quietlyB．loudlyC．NoisilyD.freely2.Therearealotofpeopletalkingandlaughingintheroomandit'svery________．A．quietB．softC．noisyD.possible3.Inagreenschooleveryoneagreestobe________abouttheenvironment.A．nervousB．carefulC．HonestD.patient4.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtogo________andbeclosetonature.A．insideB．backC．OutsideD.indoors5.—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchnationalflaggoingup?—Itmakesmefeel________．A．proudlyB．proudC．happyD.afraid6.MyoldneighborCharlesfelt________afterhischildrenmovedout.lonelyB．safelyC．angrilyD.simpleIt’sbesttostayindoors,whenPM2.5reachesdangerouslevels. A.exactly B.possiblyC.especiallyD.generally8.—MayIbeallowedtochooseasummercourse?—It’suptoyou.You’retomakeyourowndecision. A.tooold B.enougholdC.oldenough D.soold—Iagree.Heisnotsupposedtodothat.A.Howpolite B.HowimpoliteC.WhatapoliteD.Whatanimpolite10.—Howdoyoulikethebook?—Veryuseful.munitysafetyis_______introducedinit.A.probably B.hardly C.usually D.specially11.—Couldyoutellmehowtostartthisonlinegame?—Ofcourse.________clickontheputericonandfollowthedirections.A.SimplyB.HardlyC.NearlyD.Mostly二．.单词拼写。1.Canyoudescribethe__________(主要的)ideaofthepassage?2.Vegetablefatsare__________(健康的)thananimalfats.3.Theyfinallysolvedtheproblemina_________(合适的)way.4.Youlookbetterin________(鲜艳的)colorslikeorangeandred.5.It’s_________(自然的)forustoforgetnewwords,soweneedtoreadthemaloudandwritethemdown.6.Wearesupposedtodriveourcarslessinordertoprotectour__________(新鲜的)air.7.Doyouthinkthiskindofwateris__________(安全的)fordrinking?8.He’ll___________(一定)dieifyoudonotsendforadoctorrightnow.9.Itisagoodhabitforteenagerstospendmoney_________(明智地).10.Therearemany________（古代的)thingsonshowinthemuseum.11.Ms.Leeisalways_________(耐心的)withherclassforshenevergetsangry.12.Chineseis___________(广泛地)usedintheworldthesedays.【课堂检测】一、使用括号中适当形式填空。1.TheGreensare________(happy)toliveinthis_________(noise)street.Theyhavedecidedtomovetoanotherplace.2.Dogscanhelpblindpeoplewalkacrossthestreet_________.(safe)3.Hereisa_______presentforyourbirthday.(love)4.Heisnotas________tousashissister.(friend)5.You________helpedmealot.Thankyouverymuchindeed.(real)6.Afterwaitingfortwohours,manypeoplebecame(patient)andsomeevenpushedinbeforeothers.7.Don’tfeel_______(worry)aboutyourchild.Thewholeclasswouldbe

_________

(friend)tothenewclassmate.8.The_________(finally)examsusuallytakeplaceattheendofJune.9.It’sa___________(please)tripforallofus.10.Itwasan__________(amaze)match.Itamazedus.11.The(医学的)treatmentisdevelopingsofastthatmanyincurablediseasescanbecuredatpresent.12.Becauseofthewastepouredintothewater,itisnow___(possible)toseethosebeautifulcraneshere.13.Itis(明智的)tocheckwhethertheflighttimehaschangedbeforeyouleavefortheairport.14.Thegentlemanstoodup(polite)whentheladyenteredtheroom.15.—Lookatyourhands,Linda.Theyareso（脏的）.Washthemrightaway.—Ok,MissLi.二、单项选择。1.Jimmyisgrowingfast.Heis________tallerthanhismother.A.farB.quiteC.veryD.so2.Confucius(孔子)isalsoveryfamousinmanywesterncountriesbecausehetaughtpeopletobe________toothersfirst.A.similarB.kindC.importantD.impossible3.Whenyoufeelhelplessand________，justrememberyouarenot________intheworldbecauseyourfriendsarearoundyou.A.alone；aloneB.alone；lonelyC.lonely；aloneD.lonely;lonely4.Lookout！Thefoodontheplatesmells________.Youcan'teatit.A.badlyB.badC.GoodD.well5.—IsTom________boyinyourclass?—Yes.Nobodyistallerthanhim.A.thetallestB.thestrongestC.thecleverestD.theheaviest6.—Ican'tbelieveit.Tonyhasinventedatreeplantingmachine.—Really?Heisso________.A.shyB.rudeC.creativeD.curious7.Themanagersounded________onthephone.Heofferedtoshowusaroundthepany.A.softlyB.friendlyC.gentlyD.terribly8.—Youliketodrinkcoffee，don'tyou?—Yes.ButI'm________drinkingtea，too.A.ableto