2024届高考复习阅读理解专项训练2

1)2023新高考I卷C篇

Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigital数字的minimal//ism最小化主义max

min,capitalism资本主义includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,and

thentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit'srightforyou.

Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations

ofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople's

digitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigital

minimalismphilosophy.

Partoneconcludesbyintroducingmysuggestedmethodforadoptingthisphilosophy：the

digitaldeciutter.Thisprocessrequiresyoutostepawayfromoptionalonlineactivitiesforthirty

days.Atiheendofthethirtydays,youwillthenaddbackasmallnumberofcarefullychosenonline

activitiesthatyoubelievewillprovidemassivebenefitstothethingsyouvalue.

Inthefinalchapterofpartone,I'llguideyouthroughcarryingoutyourowndigitaldcckittcr.

Indoingso,TildrawonanexperimentIranin2018inwhichover1,600peopleagreedtoperform

adigitaldeclutter.You'llheartheseparticipants'storiesandleamwhatstrategiesworkedwellfor

them,andwhattrapstheyencounteredthatyoushouldavoid.

Thesecondpartofthisbooktakesacloserlookatsomeideasthatwillhelpyoucultivate(培

养)asustainabledigitalminimalismlifestyle.Inthesechapters,Iexamineissuessuchasthe

importanceofsolitude(独处)andthenecessityofcultivatinghigh-qualityleisuretoreplacethe

timemostnowspendonmindlessdeviceuse.Eachchapterconcludeswithacollectionofpractices,

whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.Youcanviewthesepracticesas

atoolboxmeanttoaidyourefforts=youusethemtobuildaminimalistlifestylethatwordsfor

yourparticularcircumstances.

28.Whatisthebookaimedat?

A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills.B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.

C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“declutter“inparagraph3mean?

A.Clear-up.B.Add-on.C.Check-in.D.Take­

over.

3().Whatispresentedinthefinalchapterofpartone?

A.Theoreticalmodels.R.Statisticalmethods.

C.Practicalexamples.D.Historicalanalyses.

31.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowiththepracticesofferedinparttwo?

A.Usethemasneeded.B.Recommendthemtofriends.

C.Evaluate(heireffects.D.Identifytheideasbehindthem.

逆向定位

2)2023新高考I卷D篇

lOnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhichillustrated

whathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds“efiect.Theexperimentofestimationhe

conductedshowedthatinsemecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescould

bequiteaccurate.

2Thiseffectcapitalizeson基于、利用thefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrors

aren'talwaysthesame.Somepeoplewilltendtooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.When

enoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,theycanceleachotherout,resultinginamoreaccurate

estimate.Ifpeoplearesimilarandtendtomakethesameerrors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleach

otherout.Inmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthatpeople'sestimatesbe

independent.Iffbrwhateverreasons,people'serrorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,theaccuracy

oftheestimatewillgodown.新旧观点比较类的文章

混淆：新旧观点相互干扰

相互比较：是否进行了分组

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwist（转折）onthisclassic

phenomenon.Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmaller

groupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccurate

thanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtained

fromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewassignificantlymoreaccuratethantheaverage

obtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseof

whatthegroupmembersactuallydid=theprocessintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowith

thosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?

Thishappenedsonicofthelime,bulitwasn'tlliudoiniiianlresponse.Mustfrequently,ihcgroups

reportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether."Somehow,theseargumentsand

reasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashave

limitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision­

makingareenormous.

32.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Ihemethodsotestimation.B.1heunderlyinglogic底层逻辑of

（heeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.

33.Navajas'studyfoundthattheaverageaccuracycouldincreaseevenif.

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcomniunicatcD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

34.Whatdidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.

35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardNavajas'studies?

A.Unclea匚不清楚的B.Dismissive.不屑一顾的C.Doublful.（负面的）怀疑的D.

Approving.（正面）赞成的

3）2021年6月浙江高考A篇

LeslieNielsen'schildhoodwasadifficultone,buthehadoneparticularshiningstarinhislife-his

uncle,whowasawell-knownactor.TheadmirationandrespecthisuncleearnedinspiredNielsen

tomakeacareer（职业）inacting.Eventhoughheoftenfe：thewouldbediscoveredtobeano-

talcnt,hemovedforward,gainingascholarshiptotheNeighborhoodPlayhouseandmakinghis

firsttelevisionappearanceafewyearslaterin1948.However,becomingafull-time,successful

actorwouldstillbeanuphillbattleforanothereightyearsuntilhelandedanumberoffilmroles

（hatfinallygothimnoticed.

Buteventhen,whathehadwasn'tquitewhathewanted.Nielsenalwaysfeltheshouldbedoing

comedybuthisgoodlooksanddistinguishedvoicekepthimbusyindramaticroles.Itwasn't

until1980-32yearsintohiscareer-thathelandedtheroleitwouldseemhewasmadeforin

Airplane!Thatmovieledhimintothesecondhalfofhiscareerwherehiscomedicpresencealone

couldmakeamovieafinancialsuccessevenwhenmoviereviewerswouldnotraleithighly.

DidNielsenthenfeelcontentinhiscareer?Yesandno.Hewasthrilledtobedoingthecomedy

thathealwaysfeltheshoulddo,butevenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseof

curiosity,wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemighthejustaroundthecomer.Heneverstopped

working,neverretired.

LeslieNielsen'sdevotiontoactingiswonderfullyinspiring.Hebuiltahugelysuccessfulcareer

withlittlemorethanplainoldhardworkanddetermination.Heshowedusthatevenasingle

desire,nevergivenupon.canmakeforaremarkablelife.

21.WhydidNielsenwanttobeanaclor?原因型细节题

A.Heenjoyedwatchingmovies.B.Hewaseagertoearnmoney.

C.Hewantedtobelikehisuncle.D.Hefelthewasgoodatacting.

22.WhatdoweknowaboutNielseninthesecondhalfofhiscareer?细节题

A.Hedirectedsomehighqualitymovies.B.Heavoidedtakingonnewchallenges.

C.Hefocusedonplayingdramaticroles.D.Hebecameasuccessfulcomedyactor.

23.WhatdoesNielsen'scareerstorytellus?主旨题

A.Artislong,lifeisshort.B.Hewholaughslastlaughslongest.笑到最后的人笑的最好(坚

持)

C.It'snevertoolatetoleam.D.Wherethere'sawillthere'saway.有志者事竟成(志向)

4)2021年6月浙江高考B篇

Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwoparkslessthan10minutes*walkfromhome

whereneighbourhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschool

ispickupascrccn-anyscreen-andstareatitforhours.Theyarcnotalone.rIoday'schildrenspend

anaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetweenwatchingtelevisionand

usingtheInternet.

Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncomingupwith

planstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsago,film-makerDavidBondrealisedthathischildren,

thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay"chocolate"

intohisthree-year-oldson'searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthatsomethingneededto

change,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself"marketingdirectorforNature".He

documentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.

TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthoftheWildNetworkagroupof

organisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutintonature.

"Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,"DavidBondsays."Thereisalotofreally

interestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheageofseven,

(henbeingoutdoorswillbeahabitforlife."Hisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplaying

outsidenow:"Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinforawhile."

Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldout(here,anditneedsourchildrenasmuchasthey

needit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.

24.Whatis(heproblemwiththeauthor'schildren?

A.Theyoftenannoytheneighbours.B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheirhomework.

C.TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD.Theyslayinfrontofscreensfbrtoolong.

25.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?

A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.

C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.

26.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword'charts"inparagraph2

A.recordsB.predictsC.delaysD.confirms

27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFreeTire

C.MarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelforChildren

5)2021年6月浙江高考C篇

Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan"tell"whetlieryoulookcontentorannoyed,you

maybeontosomething.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhaman

faces,accordingtoanewstudy

Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages(图像)ofthesameperson

makingeitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlythe

upperhalforthelowerhalfoftheperson'sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs'abilityto

distinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressionsbyshowing(hemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sface

onimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswere

abletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnosesmoreoftenthanone

wouldexpectbyrandomchance.

Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfaces

during(rainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogesimplydistinguish

betweenthepicturesbasedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,"saidstudyauthorCorsin

Muller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeans

thesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleappliestoanangrymouthhavingthesame

meaningasangryeyes."

"Withourstudy,wethinkuecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguish

humanfacialexpressions,"MullertoldLineScience.

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferent

facialexpressionsinhumans."Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethat(hebasisliesin

theirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions,"andthis

exposurehasprovidedthemwithmanychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.

28.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan.

A.distinguishshapesB.makesenseofhumanfaces

C.feelhappyorangryD.communicatewitheachother

29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?

A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.

B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.

C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent

D.Thedogswerephotographedbefore(helest.

30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?段落大意

A.Asuggestionfbrfuturestudies.B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.

C.AmajorlimitationofthestudyD.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.

6）浙江省Z20联盟（名校新高考研究联盟）2021届高三第三次联考A篇

Iliveinasmalltownofabout12,000people.Normally,lhestreetsarebusywithcars,（hesidewalks

arefilledwithpedestriansandthestoresarefilledwithshoppersgoingabouttheirbusiness.My

homeiswithinsightofVictoriaInternationalAirportandweareusedtothebackgroundsoundof

largepassengeraircraftarrivinganddeparting.Restaurantsareusuallycrowdedatmealtimesand

friendsvisitbackandforthfrequently.However,zxxklifeisdifferentnow.

Moststoresherearenowclosedexceptforthosesuchasgrocerystoresthatsupplyanessential

service.Youcan'thaveamealinarestaurantnow,althoughsomearcstillcookingfoodyojcan

takehome.WhenIwalkthroughdowntownIcanwanderacrossthemainstreetalmostanytimeI

pleasewithoutmuchdangerbecausetherearesofewcars.Eventheairportisquietbecausepeople

aren'ttravellingastheyusedto.

Wehaven'tbeentoldifthereareanyactualcasesofCovid-19inourtown,althoughIwouldbea

littlesurprisedifthereweren'tany.Wehaveafairlylargeproportionofourpopulationmadeupof

seniorcitizenswhoarelikelytobeaffectedbythedisease.Wehavefiveorsixlong-termcarehomes

forseniorshereandthefearisthatifthevirusgetsintooneitwillbedisastrous.

Thereisnoquestionbutwhattheworldhaschanged.We'relucky,inasense,becausewesawwhat

happenedinChinaandwelearnedfromthatexperience.Weknowtostayatleasttwometersaway

fromotherpeople,weknowtowashourhandsfrequently,lowearface-masksandtolimitourlime

inthosefewstoresthatareopen.Itseemstobeworkingandthereishopethatwecansoonbeatthis

bugintosubmission（屈月艮）but,fornow,it'sastrangeworld.Italsomakesmewonderifthisvirus,

likethefluvirus,willmulate（突变）almosteveryyearandturntheworldintoaseriesofsituations

likethis.

21.Whatcanvvelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thesmalltownwheretheauthorliveshasalargepopulation.

B.Mostrestaurantsareusuallycrowdedinspileofthedisease.

C.Peoplecanwalkfreelyonthestreetsastherearenocars.

D.Itisquitepossiblefortheelderlypeopletogetinfected.

22.Whydoestheauthorsay“We'relucky''inthelastparagraph?

A.Weleadanormallifeasusual.

B.We'velearntalotfromChina.

C.Wehaven'tbeenaffcctcdbyCovid-19.

D.Wearehopefulofdefeatingthedisease.

23.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythepassagebefrom

A.financeandbusiness

B.cultureandcustom

C.healthandlife

D.travelandentertainment

7）浙江省Z20联盟（名校新高考研究联盟）2021届高三第三次联考B篇

EmmaLispentalmostthreeyearsonChina's'996schedule'：workingfromnineinthemomingto

nineintheevening,sixdaysaweek.UIwasdeprivedofallmypersonallife/'saysshe.Usually,she

hadasmallwindowtoeat,showerandgotobed-butshesacrificedsleeptoregainsomepersonal

time.Often,Liwouldstayupsurfingtheinternet,readingthenewsandwatchingonlinevideosuntil

wellaftermidnight.

LiwasdoingwhattheChinesehavecalled'baofuxingaoye'-or'revengebedtimeprocrastination'

（RBP）.ThephrasespreadrapidlyonTwitterinJuneafterapostbyjournalistDaphneKLee.She

describedthephenomenonaswhen“peoplewhodon'thavemuchcontrolovertheirdaytimelife

refusetosleepearlyinordertoregainsomesenseoffreedomduringlate-nighthours',.

Psychologymayexplainthereasonwhypeoplewouldchoosetoregainthisleisuretimeevenatthe

expenseofsleep.Agrowingbodyofevidencepointstotheimportanceoftimeawayfromwork

pressure."Oneofthemostimportantpartsofrecoveryfromworkissleep.However,sleepis

affectedbyhowwellweseparateourselvesfromstress,"saysSheffieldUniversity'sKelly.It's

important,sheexplains,tohavearestwhenwccanbementallydistancedfromwork,whichwould

explainwhypeoplearewillingtosacrificesleepforpost-workleisure.

Infact,expertshavelongwarnedthatinsufficientsleepisanignoredglobalpublic-healthepidemic

（流行病）.A2019surveyshowedthat62%ofadultsworldwidefeeltheydon'tgetenoughsleep.

Peoplementionedvariousreasonsforthislack,includingstressandtheirsleepingenvironment,but

37%blamedtheirheavyworkorschoolschedule.Longhoursattheofficeaside,anotherpartofthe

problemisthatmodernworkingpatternsmeanpeoplefindithardertodrawboundariesbetween

workandhome.

24.WhydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofEmmaLiin（hefirstparagraph?

A.Tomakecomparisons.

B.Tbintroducethetopic.

C.Tbsupportherargument.

D.Toprovideexamples.

25.Whichofthefollowingisthecauseofthe"RBP"?

A.Theintentionofrefreshingoneself.

B.Thedesiretogetridofuorkstress.

C.Theunwillingnesstosleepearly.

D.Thelackofsleepingenvironment.

26.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThePsychologybehindthe“RBP”

B.TheHarmfulEffectsofthe”RBP”

C.TheInsufficientSleepofAdults

D.ThePopularityof“996Schedule”

8）浙江省Z20联盟（名校新高考研究联盟）2021届高三第三次联考C篇

Forgetsmartphonesandsmartglasses.Oneday,wemighthavesmarttattoos（纹身）.Thecompany

NewDcalDesigncameupwithanideaforaproductcalledUnderSkin.Thedevicewouldlooklike

apairoftattoosonyourpalmandthesideofyourthumb,butitwouldactuallybeaverythin

computerimplantedjustbelowyourskin.Itwoulddrawpowerfromyourbody'senergy,andyou

coulduseittounlockdoors,monitoryourhealth,exchangeandstoreinformation,orevenexpress

yourpersonality.UnderSkinisjustanidea-youcan'tgooutandgetone-butthetechnologyexists

tomakeitwork."Weassumeitisaboutfiveyearsfrombeingreal,^^saysdesignerGadiAmit.

WriterandtechnologyentrepreneursAmalGraffstra