2024-2025学年中考英语重难点题型讲解训练专题03完形填空之议论文含解析

PAGEPAGE1专题03完形填空之争论文争论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主见的说理性文章。争论文的目的不仅是客观的说明事物，还力图劝服读者信任并接受某一观点。中考中常见的争论型完形填空分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型完形填空；另一种是纯争论型完形填空。Part1考情分析争论文是中考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。要做好争论文类的完形填空，最重要的是抓住作者的论点。不同的争论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种状况：(1)开宗明义地提出论点。有些争论文在文章的一起先就提出论点，然后再通过详细的论据去论证论点。有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据。最终总结全文。(2)导入式提出论点。有些争论文会先叙述生活中的一件详细的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后依据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，最终用详细的论据去论证自己的论点。(3)最终提出论点。在有些争论文中，一起先作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点。文章通过对详细现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。对于纯争论形式的完形填空，要在驾驭全文主旨的状况下，找出每段的主旨句。找出了每段的主旨句也就把握了文章的脉络，这样理解文意就简洁了。Part2解题思路1.首句制胜，论点明确把握首句，这样就可以快速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。英语争论文中绝大部分首句就是全文的论点，而且通常每段的首句就是主题句(topicsentence)。因此抓住每段的首句是特别重要的。【例1】Howmanytimeshasthishappenedtoyou？You'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk．Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown，orworse，（75）_______you．Whatifwecouldputthesemultitaskers（一心二用的人）intotheirownlane，freeinguphalfofthesidewalkforpedestrians（行人）whoarepayingattention？That'stheideabehindthenewshowMindOverMasses．TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington，DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones，whiletheotherlanewasfor（76）_______walkers．ItwaspartofabehaviorexperimentbytheNationalGeographicChannelintheUS．However，theexperimentdidn'treallywork（77）_______itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall．"it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanesbecausetheywere（78）_______lookingattheirphones，"saidYahooCheckingphonesonthegoisjustoneofafewannoyingthingsaboutmodernmobilephoneusage．Belowaresomephoneetiquettes（礼仪）tipsprovidedbytheGuardian．Youshouldreplytomessages．it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply，yet（79）_______toupdatetheirstatuses（状态）ontheirsocialnetworkingsitesinthemeantime．Youshouldpickaniceringtone．Nooneappreciatesitwhenanannoyingringtonebreaksintowhatthey'redoing.Youshouldnotvisitsomeone'shomeandimmediatelyaskforWi-Fi．Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch，grabtherouter（路由器），andreadtheWi-Fipasswordoffthebackofit？（80）_______gotoyourfriend'shome，drinkandeatwhatyourhostgivesyou，andchatfacetoface．75．A）runsawayB）runsoutofC）runsintoD）runsafter76．A）slowerB）quickerC）morecarefulD）morepatient77．A）aswellasB）assoonasC）asgoodasD）aslongas78．A）tooafraidB）toobusyC）toocarefulD）toodifficult79．A）failsB）succeedsC）managesD）enables80．A）InsteadB）InsteadofC）InadditionD）Inreturn【详解】75．C考查短语．A）runsaway逃跑；B）runsoutof耗尽；C）runintosb撞到某人身上；D）runsafter追求，追逐．依据前句you'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk．Andsomeonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown，orworse，你正试图穿过拥挤的人行道．而在手机上闲聊或发短信会让你慢下来．可知更糟糕的是，会撞到你身上．故选C．76．C考查形容词．A）slower缓慢的；B）quicker快些的；C）morecareful更细致，更当心；D）morepatient更耐性．依据前句TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington，DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones，这个节目为那些想看手机的人在华盛顿特区的人行道上开拓了一条独立的车道．可知而另一条车道则是更当心的行人．故选C．77．A考查短语．as…as表示同…一样．依据前后句However，theexperimentdidn'treallywork…itcouldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall．可知然而，这个试验并没有达到它所能达到的效果，因为很多手机用户根本没有留意到这些标记．as…as表示同…一样．结合本题应当用well修饰动词work．意为这个试验并没有达到它所能达到的效果．故选A．78．B考查形容词．A）tooafraid太胆怯 ；B）toobusy太忙；C）toocareful太细致；D）toodifficult太困难．依据前句"it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanes步行者没有留意到车道，这并不惊奇．可知因为他们忙着看手机．故选B．79．A考查动词．A）fails失败；B）succeeds胜利；C）manages管理，经营；D）enables使能够．依据前句it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply，可知给一个须要很长时间回复的挚友发短信是特别令人懊丧的，但同时也没有在社交网站上更新他们的状态．故选A．80．A考查副词．A）Instead代替，常位于句尾或句首，表示"代替"、"反而、却"的意思；B）Insteadof代替，是短语介词，意思是"代替"、"而不是"．它后面一般接名词、代词、动名词或介词短语作它的宾语；C）Inaddition另外；D）Inreturn回报．依据前句Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthebackofthecouch，grabtherouter（路由器），andreadtheWi﹣Fipasswordoffthebackofit？你真的想爬到沙发后面，拿上路由器，然后从后面读取Wi﹣Fi密码吗？可知相反，去你挚友的家里喝酒，吃主子供应应你的东西，然后面对面地闲聊．故选A．2.结构清晰，脉络有序争论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。它们一般有序地支配在引子、正文、结论这一争论文的一般结构中。能说明论据主要内容的答案，可以在论点里得到印证，而论点的答案也可以与论据结合起来，这样论点、论据形成一体，相互印证。有时作者为了使文章脉络清晰，逻辑流畅，都会运用一些连接词。如：onthecontrary,allinall,inshort,generally,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asaconsequence,hence,also,personally,furthermore,definitely,surely,undoubtedly,obviously,additionally,besides,likewise,forthesakeof,firstl等。3.按确定的方法论证争论型完形填空都是按确定的论证方法来论证的。常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理动身，个别分析说明，得出结论)；比照法(正反比照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。【例2】Friendsareveryimportantinoureverydaylife．Everyoneneedsfriends．Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone．（1）_______isnicetohaveafriendtotalk，laugh，anddothingswith．Certainly，sometimesweneedtobealone．Wedon'talwayswantpeople（2）_______．Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe（3）_______hadafriend．Notwopeoplearejustthesame．Friends（4）_______don'tgetonwell．Thatdoesn'tmeanthattheynolongerlikeeachother．Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup（言归于好）andbecome（5）_______again．Sometimesfriendsmoveaway．Thenwefeelvery（6）_______．Wemissthemverymuch，butwecan（7）_______themandwritetothem．Andwecan（8）_______newfriends．Itisencouragingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem．There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends．Theylive（9）_______thanpeoplewhodon't．Why？Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy．（10）_______happyhelpsyoustaywell．Oritcouldbemuchbetterthatsomeonecares．Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou，youtakebettercareofyourself．（1）A．ItB．HeC．ThereD．Someone（2）A．aloneB．awayC．alloverD．around（3）A．everB．neverC．justD．really（4）A．alwaysB．sometimesC．oftenD．usually（5）A．sistersB．cousinsC．classmatesD．friends（6）A．angryB．sadC．happyD．alone（7）A．callB．askC．tellD．talk（8）A．lookforB．findC．makeD．know（9）A．longerB．shorterC．slowerD．faster（10）A．SmellingB．BeingC．SoundingD．Making【详解】1．A：考查代词及语境的理解．句意：有一个挚友可以谈话、一起笑、一起做事情是特别好的．这句话中运用的句型是Itis+形容词+todosth．做某事是…的．在这个句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式．故应选A，其他的代词都不能做形式主语．2．D：考查副词及语境的理解．句意：我们不想让人们在四周．alone一个人，独自；away离开；allover遍及；around在四周．依据上一句话sometimesweneedtobealone的意思可知，有时候我们也须要一个人呆着，不想让别人在我们的四周．故选D．3．B：考查副词及语境的理解．句意：但是假如我们从没有过挚友，我们就会感到孤独．ever曾经；never从不；just仅仅，只；really真的．依据句意可知Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe（3）hadafriend，有时候我们须要一个人呆着，但是假如从来就没有过挚友的话，就会感到孤独．故选B．4．B：考查副词及语境的理解．句意：挚友之间有时候也相处不好．always总是；sometimes有时候；often常常；usually通常．挚友之间因为特性的不同，有时候也会相处不好don'tgetonwell，而不是总是、通常或常常．故选B．5．D：考查名词及语境的理解．句意：大多数时候，他们会言归于好好，在重新成为挚友．sisters姐妹；cousins表姐妹；classmates同学；friends挚友．依据这一段的意思Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup（言归于好）andbecome（5）again．可知，挚友之间也要发生冲突的时候，但是他们最终还会言归于好，再次成为挚友．故选D．6．B：考查形容词及语境的理解．句意：有时候，挚友可能搬走了，于是我们就会感到难过．angry生气的；sad难过的；happy欢乐的；alone独自，一个人．依据前一句话的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway，挚友假如搬走了的话，我们会感到难过．故选B．7．A：考查动词及语境的理解．句意：我们会特别的惦念他们，但是我们可以给他们打电话或写信．call打电话；ask问；tell告知；talkwith和某人谈话．依据上文的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway，Wemissthemverymuch假如挚友搬走了，我们可以给他们打电话或写信，跟他们保持联系．故选A．8．C：考查动词及语境的理解．句意：我们也可以交新挚友．lookfor找寻；find找到，发觉；make制作，这里是makefriends交挚友；know知道．依据newfriends的意思可知，假如原来的挚友搬走了，我们还可以交新挚友．故应当用make．9．A：考查形容词及语境的理解．句意：有挚友的人比没有挚友的人活得更长．longer更长；shorter更短；slower更慢；faster更快．依据句意及下文There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends．Theylive（9）thanpeoplewhodon't．Why？Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy可知，有挚友的人比没有挚友的人活得更长，因为他们更欢乐，这样身体就会更健康．故选A．10．B：考查动词及语境的理解．句意：挚友可以使我们欢乐，欢乐就可以帮助你保持身体健康．smelling的原形是smell，意思是闻，闻起来；sounding的原形是sound，意思是听起来；making的原形是make，意思是使，制作；空后的happy是一个形容词，故用being，beinghappy是一个动名词形式在句中做主语．故选B．精讲精练【例题1】Atnight，youfallasleepwhilelisteningtobeautifulmusic．Inthemorning，youare（1）_____upbythesingingofbirdsoutside．Youcanenjoyallofthesethingsbecauseofoneimportantorgan（器官）﹣theears．March3isEarCareDay．Ithelpsusrememberthe（2）_____ofourearsandencouragesustotakegoodcareofthem．Youmaywonder：howdotheears（3）_____？Theearhasthreedifferentparts：theouterear，themiddleear，andtheinnerear．Theouterearisthepartyoucansee．Itcollects（4）_____aroundyou．Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear，theinnerearandthentoyourbrain．Yourearsneverstopworking，even（5）_____youareasleep!That'swhyyoumaysometimeswakeupsuddenlyinthemiddleofthenight﹣yourbrain（6）_____something，butyoudon'tknowwhatitwas，sinceyouwereasleep．Butearsdomorethanhear．Theyhelpyoukeepyourbalance，too．Intheinnerear，thereareorgansthatarefilled（7）_____liquid（液体）andcoveredinsmallhairs．Whenyoumoveyourhead，theliquidandhairsmove，too．Theysend（8）_____toyourbrainaboutthepositionofyourhead．Moresurprisingly，earsevenhelpwith（9）_____food．Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears，youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes，accordingtothewebsiteofPeople'sDaily．Theearsare（10）_____importantorgans．Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan．1．A．takenB．cheeredC．wokenD．dressed2．A．sizeB．importanceC．differenceD．shape3．A．moveB．tasteC．smellD．work4．A．airB．lightC．soundD．heat5．A．whenB．beforeC．untilD．since6．A．noticedB．heardC．sawD．watched7．A．ofB．withC．byD．in8．A．messagesB．newsC．picturesD．signs9．A．touchingB．feelingC．tastingD．eating10．A．quicklyB．slowlyC．freelyD．truly【答案】CBDCABBACD【解析】1．C考查动词，A．taken带走B．cheered欢呼C．woken醒来的D．dressed装扮，依据Inthemorning，结合后文bythesingingofbirdsoutside，可知是指在早晨被外面的鸟叫声吵醒，故选C．2．B考查名词，A．size尺寸B．importance重要性C．difference不同D．shape形态，依据encouragesustotakegoodcareofthem激励我们好好照看耳朵，可知耳朵是很重要的，故选B．3．D考查动词，A．move移动B．taste尝起来C．smell闻起来D．work工作，依据后面的内容，可知描述的是耳朵的工作原理，所以此处是指耳朵是"如何"工作的，故选D．4．C考查名词，A．air空气B．light光C．sound声音D．heat热度，依据后文Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddleear然后声音会传播到中耳，可知外耳廓的作用是收集四周的声音，故选C．5．A考查连词，A．when当…时B．before在…之前C．until直到D．since自从，依据Yourearsneverstopworking，even…youareasleep，结合选项，推出句意：你的耳朵始终在工作，甚至在你睡觉的时候，故选A．6．B考查动词，A．noticed留意到B．heard听到C．saw看到D．watched观看，依据上一句Yourearsneverstopworking，even（5）Ayouareasleep!可知说的是耳朵在睡眠状态下也在工作，所以睡着的时候可以"听到"声音，故选B．7．B考查介词，A．of…的B．with和…一起C．by被D．in在里面，依据arefilled…liquid，结合选项，可知考查短语befilledwith被…充溢，故选B．8．A考查名词，A．messages信息B．news新闻C．pictures图片D．signs标记，依据toyourbrain，可知大脑接受身体传输的信息，故选A．9．C考查动词A．touching触觉B．feeling感觉C．tasting品尝D．eating吃，依据后文Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears，youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes，假如你的耳朵出了问题，你可能很难辨别出不同的味道，推出耳朵还有帮助品尝味道的功能．故选C．10．D考查副词，A．quickly快速地B．slowly渐渐地C．freely自由地D．truly真实地，依据Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan．每个人都应当尽量爱护自己的耳朵．推出耳朵的确很重要，故选D．【练习1】Dopeopleindifferentcountrieshavethesameideaofnumbers？TheunluckynumberforChinesepeopleisusually4becauseitsoundslike（1）______word"death".14is（2）______than4becauseofitssoundtoo．Onthecontrary，9isa（3）______numberforChinese．Itmeans"long"and"longlife".8isas（4）______as18fortheysoundlike"rich"and"certainrich"．I（5）______inEuropeforalongtime，andIfindthatinmanywesterncountriespeopledon'tlikethenumber13．（6）______tookmeyearstolookforthereason．Tilloneofmyforeignfriendstoldmethatthere（7）______13peopleattheLastSupperwithJesusChristandthenhewaskilled．That's（8）______itisanunluckynumber．Theytrynot（9）______thisnumberinmanyways．Forexample，（10）______yougointoalift，youwillnotseethenumber13init．Manypeople（11）______believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday．Itisusually（12）______FridayinNovember．Theyareverycareful（13）______thatdaysuchasdrivingslowly．Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike（14）______numbers．However，we（15）______takeitseriously．Aslongasthenumberisuseful，itisagoodnumber．1．A．aB．anC．theD．/2．A．badB．badlyC．worseD．theworst3．A．luckB．luckyC．luckilyD．luckiness4．A．goodB．wellC．betterD．thebest5．A．studyB．studiedC．willstudyD．havestudied6．A．ThisB．ItC．ThatD．They7．A．isB．wasC．areD．were8．A．whenB．howC．whyD．what9．A．useB．usedC．usingD．touse10．A．ifB．becauseC．thoughD．unless11．A．everB．neverC．alsoD．already12．A．fourB．thefourC．fourthD．thefourth13．A．onB．atC．inD．with14．A．anyB．someC．eachD．every15．A．couldn'tB．shouldn'tC．mustn'tD．wouldn't．【答案】CCBADBDCDACDABB【解析】1．C考查冠词．a和an是不定冠词，以元音音素开头的单词前用an，以辅音音素开头的单词前用a．the是定冠词，表示强调．依据句意是特指单词death，所以选择C．2．C考查比较级结构．bad坏的，原型，比较级是worse，最高级是worst．badly是副词，坏的，原型；依据后面的than可知要用比较级，故选择C．3．B考查形容词．luck幸运，是名词．它的形容词是lucky幸运的，副词是luckily幸运地，luckiness幸运，好运，依据后面number是名词，要用形容词，故选择B．4．A考查形容词或副词原级．A好；形容词；B好；副词；C比较级，D最高级；依据as…as中要有原型，同时本题要用形容词作is的表语，故选择A．5．D考查动词．A原型；B过去式；C将来时，D完成时；依据后面foralongtime一段时间要用完成时，故选择D．6．B考查代词；依据后面took要用it作主语，固定用法，故选择B．7．D考查系动词．依据前面told可知时态是一般过去时，therebe句型，后面13people是复数形式，所以要用are的过去式were，故选择D．8．C考查疑问词．A当..时；B怎样；C为什么、D什么；依据上面That's（8）itisanunluckynumber这里是说明了为什么13不是吉利数字，故选择C．9．D考查动词．依据题干，考查固定结构trynottodosth试着别做某事，故选择D．10．A考查连词；A假如；B因为；C虽然；D除非；依据yougointoalift，youwillnotseethenumber13init你进入电梯，你将看不到13，应当是假设，故选择A．11．C考查副词．A曾经；B从不；C也；D已经；依据Manypeople（11）believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday．很多人（11）认为第十三个星期五，应当也是特别不吉利的一天，故选择C．12．D考查序数词．A4；B4；C第四；D第四；依据FridayinNovember应当是11月的第四个星期五，要用序数词，前面要加the，故选择D．13．A考查介词．依据后面thatday详细的某一天要用介词on，故选择A．14．B考查形容词．依据后面numbers是复数形式，先解除C、D．A用于否定句或疑问句，B用于确定句，本句Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike（14）numbers．是确定句，故选择B．15．B考查情态动词．A不能；B不应当；C不必，表禁止；D不会；依据后面Aslongasthenumberisuseful，itisagoodnumber．只要这个数字有用，它就是个好数字，这里takeitseriously，应当是不应当当真，故选择B．【例题2】"Friendsaretreasureinourlives"，asthesayinggoes．Itmeansthatfriendsarereallyimportantforus．IrememberwhenIwasgrowingup，mymomalways（46）_______，"Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers．"It'strue.Friendsmake（47）_______enjoythetasteofoursuccessandjoyandcomfortusinourchallengingmoments．Theyprovideamirrorforusto（48）_______moreaboutourselves．Ihavealwayslookedonfriendsasfamily（49）_______．Theyenrichourlives．Asafamouswritersaid，"Afriendisapresentwhichyougive（50）_______．"Tobeagoodfriend，it'simportanttobeagoodlistener．Listento（51）_______yourfriendsaysfirstratherthanmakingaconclusionquickly．Sometimesitis（52）_______torepeattheirwordsbacktothem．Itcanhelpthemrealizewhethertheirwordsarewhattheywanttosay．Patienceisanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend，（53）_______．Youknowtheoldgoldenrule"Careforothers（54）_______thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou．"Thesupportofafriendduringadifficulttimecanmakeadifferencebetweensuccess（55）_______failure．46．A．saidB．toldC．talkedD．spoke47．A．usB．meC．herD．them48．A．changeB．teachC．fightD．learn49．A．friendsB．childrenC．membersD．enemies50．A．herselfB．yourselfC．himselfD．myself51．A．whatB．thatC．howD．whose52．A．boringB．specialC．beautifulD．useful53．A．neverB．eitherC．tooD．also54．A．ofB．byC．forD．in55．A．butB．soC．andD．or【答案】AADCBADCBC【解析】46．A考查动词．依据后句Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers做任何事的一半乐趣就是和别人共享．这是我妈妈总是对我说的，可知强调说话的内容，结合选项，A．说．表示说的内容；B．告知，C．说话，D．讲某种语言．即我的妈妈总是说，故选A．47．A考查代词．依据后句comfortus劝慰我们，这与make是并列关系，结合选项，A．我们．B．我，C．她，D．他们．即这是真的．挚友让我们在充溢挑战的时刻享受胜利和欢乐的味道．故选A．48．D考查动词．依据前句Theyprovideamirror他们供应了一面镜子，结合选项，A．变更；B．教；C．打架；D．学习．可知推想意思是他们为我们供应了一面镜子，让我们更多的了解自己，即用动词不定式表示目的，故选D．49．C考查固定短语．依据后句Theyenrichourlives挚友丰富了我们的生活，结合选项，A．挚友；B．儿童；C．成员；D．敌人．可知推想意思是我总是把挚友看作是我的家庭成员，故选C．50．B考查代词．依据前句Afriendisapresentwhichyougive，这里用的是you你，结合选项，A．她自己，B．你自己．C．他自己，D．我自己．可知推想意思是挚友是你赠送给自己的礼物，故选B．51．A考查关系词．依据后句yourfriendsays，这里缺少说的宾语，结合选项，A．什么．B．那，C．怎样，如何，D．谁的．可知推想意思是即首先要倾听你的挚友所说的，故选A．52．D考查形容词．依据前后句Sometimesitis…torepeattheirwordsbacktothem．结合选项，A．无聊的；B．特别的；C．美丽的；D．有帮助的．可知应说有时把他们的话重复一遍是很有用的．故选D．53．C考查副词．依据前句Patience（耐性）isanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend，结合选项，A．从不，B．也，表示否定意义，C．也．D．也，通常放在句中．可知推想意思是耐性也很重要，这里放在了句子的结尾，且表达确定的意思，故选C．54．B考查固定短语．依据前后句Careforothers…thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou，结合选项，A．…的；B．通过；C．为了；D．在…里．可知推想意思是以你希望他们关切你的方式照看他人，bytheway通过这种方式，故选B．55．C考查固定短语．依据前句betweensuccess，结合选项，A．但，B．因此，C．和．D．或者．可知推想意思是在困难时刻挚友的支持能够对胜利和失败产生很多的影响，即固定短语between…and…，故选C．【练习2】Haveyouseenthecartoonsoftwopenguins（企鹅）ontheInternet？Theysitoneithersideofasmall（16）_______．Theyarefriends，buteachdoessomethingselfish（自私的）which（17）_______theirfriend"ship"tosink（沉没）．Thecartoonshavebecomevery（18）_______．Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendshipandsometimes（19）_______theymaylosetheirfriends．Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand（20）_______momentswith．Afriendissomeonetotalktoaboutyourdeepestfeelings．Andwithagoodfriendyouwillneverbealone．However，keepingfriendshipisn'talways（21）_______.Thekeyto（22）_______yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings：sharing，caringandcommunicating．Goodfriendsliketoshareeverythingwitheachother．Theysharetheirsnacks，theysharetheir（23）_______aboutschoolwork，sometimestheyevensharetheirclothes!Andgoodfriendsalsocareabouteachother．Theydo（24）_______theycantomaketheirfriendshappy．Butthemostimportantpartoffriendshipiscommunicating．Communicatingmeanstalkingtoyourfriendsandbeinghonestwiththem．Italsomeansthatyoukeepintouchwithyourfriendseventhoughtheymaybein（25）_______schoolsorlivefaraway．Withoutcommunication，itissuretosendyourfriend"ship"tosinkintothesea．16．A．houseB．chairC．boatD．cave17．A．causesB．findsC．catchesD．sends18．A．importantB．interestingC．colourfulD．popular19．A．thinkB．worryC．speakD．wake20．A．joyfulB．meaningfulC．angryD．sad21．A．easyB．difficultC．seriousD．helpful22．A．runningB．walkingC．stayingD．keeping23．A．moneyB．foodC．toysD．knowledge24．A．whoeverB．wheneverC．whateverD．whenever25．A．thesameB．differentC．expensiveD．cheap【答案】CADBDADDCB【解析】16C考查名词：依据theirfriend"ship"tosink，结合选项，推想意思是它们坐在一艘小船的两边．故选C．17A考查动词：依据theirfriend"ship"tosink，结合选项，推想意思是他们是挚友，但是每个企鹅都做了自私的事情让友情消逝．故选A．18D考查形容词：依据Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendship，结合选项，推想意思是这个动画已经很流行．它展示了人们有多么的珍惜友情，故选D．19B考查动词：依据theymaylosetheirfriends，结合选项，推想意思是有时候会担忧他们会失去挚友．故选B．20D考查动词：依据Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand，结合选项，推想意思是挚友是一位你能共享欢乐分担苦痛的人．故选D．21A考查动词：依据However，keepingfriendshipisn'talways，结合选项，推想意思是然而，维持友情不是始终很简洁．故选A．22D考查动词：依据yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings，结合选项，推想意思是爱护你友情之船不会沉没的秘诀归结于三件简洁的事情：共享，关切和沟通．考查短语keep…from，故选D．23D考查动词：依据aboutschoolwork，结合选项，推想意思是好的挚友喜爱彼此共享一切．他们共享他们的零食，学业学问，有时候他们甚至共享衣服．故选D．24C考查动词：依据theycan，结合选项，推想意思是他们会做他们能做的一切去让自己的挚友快乐．这里用whatever充当do的宾语，故选C．25B考查动词：依据eventhoughtheymaybein（25）schoolsorlivefaraway．结合选项，推想意思是也意味着即使或许在不同的学校或者住的很远也要和你的挚友保持联系．故选B．【例题3】"Thankyou"iswidely（41）_______inamodernsociety．Itisaverygood（42）_______．Youshouldsay"Thankyou"（43）_______othershelpyouorsay（44）_______kindtoyou．Forexample，whensomeone（45）_______thedoorforyou，whensomeonesaysyouhavedoneyourworkwell，whensomeonesaysyouhave（46）_______aniceshirt，oryourcityisverybeautiful，youshouldsay"Thankyou"．Itisusednotonlybetweenfriends，（47）_______betweenparentsandchildren，（48）_______andsisters，husbandsandwives．"Excuseme"is（49）_______shortpoliteusage．Weuseitthe（50）_______as"Thankyou"．Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou，you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast（51）_______touchingyou．Itisnotpolitetointerrupt（打断）otherswhiletheyare（52）_______．Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem，pleasesay"Excuseme"（53）_______，andthenbegintotalk．Youshouldalsodo（54）_______whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers．Let'ssay"Thankyou"and"Excuseme"（55）_______therightsituation．41．A．usedB．toldC．actedD．taught42．A．voiceB．soundC．mannerD．reason43．A．whereverB．wheneverC．whoeverD．whatever44．A．nothingB．everybodyC．anybodyD．something45．A．closesB．opensC．losesD．shakes46．A．hiddenB．soldC．boughtD．worn47．A．butB．andC．soD．yet48．A．cousinsB．brothersC．parentsD．grandparents49．A．othersB．otherC．anotherD．theother50．A．partB．suchC．commonD．same51．A．withoutB．withC．withinD．while52．A．runningB．talkingC．sleepingD．walking53．A．thenB．secondC．firstD．next54．A．thisB．thatC．itD．so55．A．onB．toC．inD．at【答案】ACBDBCABCDABCDA【解析】41题答案：A考查动词辨析．A运用；B告知；C表演；D教；依据Thankyou"iswidely（41）inamodernsociety感谢你应当是被广泛应用于社会中，故答案是A．42题答案：C考查名词辨析．A声音；B声音；C行为；D缘由；依据前面Thankyou"iswidely（41）inamodernsociety感谢你应当是被广泛应用于社会中这个应当是礼貌对的行为，故答案是C．43题答案：B考查连词辨析．A无论何地；B无论什么时候；C无论是谁；D无论什么；依据Youshouldsay"Thankyou"（43）othershelpyou你应当说感谢，后面其他人帮助你，应当是无论什么时候，故答案是B．44题答案：D考查代词辨析．A没什么；B每个人；C任何人，用于否定句或一般疑问句；D某些事情；依据say（44）kindtoyou应当说你一些好话，故答案是D．45题答案：B考查动词辨析．A关；B开；C丢失；D摇；依据whensomeone（45）thedoorforyou应当是为你开门，故答案是B．46题答案：C考查动词辨析．A隐藏；B卖；C买；D穿；依据whensomeonesaysyouhave（46）aniceshirt应当是你买了一件美丽的衬衫，故答案是C．47题答案：A考查连词辨析．A但是；B和；C所以；D也，还；仍旧；依据题干notonly…butalso（also可以省略）是关联词语，意思是：不但…而且…是固定短语，故答案是A．48题答案：B考查名词辨析．A表兄弟姐妹；B兄弟；C父母；D祖父母；依据parentsandchildren，（48）andsisters，husbandsandwives．父母和孩子，丈夫和妻子，空中应当是兄弟和姐妹，故答案是B．49题答案：C考查代词辨析．A其它的，相当于代词和名词；B其它的，后面要用名词复数；C另一个，三个以上的另一个；D两者中的另一个；依据"Excuseme"is（49）shortpoliteusage"对不起"是另一种客气的用法．很多中的另一个，故答案是C．50题答案：D考查形容词辨析．A部分；B例如；C一般的；D相同的；依据Weuseitthe（50）as"Thankyou"，应当是固定短语thesameas和…一样，故答案是D．51题答案：A考查介词辨析．A没有；B和..；C在内部；D在…期间；依据Whenyouhearsomeonesayssobehindyou，you'llgettoknowthatsomebodywantstowalkpast（51）touchingyou．当你听到有人你身后说，你会知道有人想走过去，应当是不触摸你，故答案是A．52题答案：B考查动词辨析．A跑；B说话；C睡觉；D走路；依据Itisnotpolitetointerrupt（打断）others打断别人…是不礼貌的．应当是睡觉，故答案是B．53题答案：C考查序数词辨析．A然后；B其次；C首先；D接下来；依据Ifyouwanttohaveawordwithoneofthem，pleasesay"Excuseme"果你想和其中一个人说一句话，和前面的例子，请先说"对不起"，故答案是C．54题答案：D考查代词辨析．A这个；B那个：C它；D如此，这样；依据后面whenyouwanttocoughormakeanyunpleasantnoisebeforeothers当你想在别人面前咳嗽或发出不开心的声音时，你也应当这样做，故答案是D．55题答案：A考查介词辨析．依据题干，ontherigntsituation在正确的状况下是固定用法，故答案是A．【练习3】DoyouknowOneBelt，OneRoad？WealsocallittheModernSilkRoad．AndZhangQianwasanearlytraveleroftheAncientSilkRoad．Hewasprobablythefirst（1）_______tobringbackgoodinformationaboutthecentralAsianlandstoChina．In138BC，HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chipeopletoaskfortheir（2）_______againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed（侵扰）them．（3）_______，onthewaytotheWesternRegions，hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople．Zhanghadtostaywiththem（4）_______about10yearsbeforehegotaway．WhenZhangfinaly（5）_______theYue-chiintheNorthIndia，hewas（6）_______tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople．On（7）_______returnjourney，ZhangQianandhismenwere（8）_______again．Itwasnotuntil125BCthattheyreturnedtoChina．（9）_______Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob，helearnedalotabouttheplaces，people，customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms（王国）intheWesternRegions．LaterHanWudisentZhangtotheWestagain．Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped（10）_______internationaltrade，especiallyinsilk，betweenChinaandtheWest．That'stheAncientSilkRoad．1．A．menB．man'sC．manD．men's2．A．questionB．helpC．knowledgeD．answer3．A．HappilyB．ExcitedlyC．LuckilyD．Unfortunately4．A．forB．sinceC．atD．in5．A．arrivedB．reachedC．gotD．liked6．A．comfortableB．disappointedC．excitedD．enjoyable7．A．himB．heC．hisD．himself8．A．caughtB．madeC．servedD．heard9．A．ButB．AsC．BecauseD．Although10．A．useB．getC．developD．see【答案】CBDABBCADC【解析】1．C考查名词，A．men男人B．man's男人的C．man男人D．men's男人的，依据Hewasprobablythefirst，主语he是单数，故解除AD，考查句型thefirstmantodosth第一个做某事的人，故选C．2．B考查名词，A．question问题B．help帮助C．knowledge学问D．answer回答，依据againsttheXiongnuwhoofteninfringed（侵扰）them，可知是为了对抗匈奴，所以派张骞去寻求帮助，故选B．3．D考查副词，A．Happily快乐地B．Excitedly激烈地C．Luckily幸运地D．Unfortunately不幸地，依据onthewaytotheWesternRegions，hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople．路张骞在路上被匈奴人抓住，这是不幸的事情，故选D．4．A考查介词，A．for为了B．since自从C．at在…D．in在里面，依据about10years，这是时间段，for引导时间段，故选A．5．B考查动词，A．arrived到达B．reached到达C．got到达D．liked喜爱，依据WhenZhangfinaly…theYue﹣chi，结合选项，推出句意：当张骞到达Yue﹣chi，arrive后接in/at；get要接to，reach是及物动词，后面不用介词，故选B．6．B考查形容词，A．comfortable舒适的B．disappointed悲观的C．excited激烈的D．enjoyable享受的，依据tofindthattheydidn'twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople．可知张骞发觉他们并不情愿对抗匈奴，所以感到悲观，故选B．7．C考查代词，A．him他，宾格B．he他，主格C．his他的D．himself他自己，依据On…returnjourney，在他的回去的旅途中，故选C．8．A考查动词，A．caught抓住B．made制造C．served服务D．heard听到，依据again，可知他再次被抓住，故选A．9．D考查连词，A．But但是B．As作为C．Because因为D．Although虽然，依据Zhangdidn'tfinishhisjob，helearnedalotabouttheplaces，people，customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms（王国）intheWesternRegions．可知考查句型：although…的用法，表示"虽然…但是…"，结合句意"虽然张骞没有完成他的使命，但是他了解到了西部地区36个王国的文化和风土人情"，故选D．10．C考查动词，A．use运用B．get得到C．develop发展D．see看到，依据Zhang'sjourneytotheWesthelped…internationaltrade，张骞的西域之行帮助发展了国际贸易，故选C．课后作业Richorpoor，youngorold，weallhaveproblems．Wecaneasilybecomeunhappy（31）______wesolveourproblems．（32）______aboutourproblemscanaffecthowwedothingsatschoolorathome．Sohowdowedealwithourproblems？Mostofushaveprobablybeenangry（33）______ourfriends，parentsorteachers．Perhapstheysaidsomethingyoudidn'tlike，oryoufelttheywereunfair.Sometimes，peoplecanstayangryforyearsaboutasmallproblem．Timegoesby，andgoodfriendshipsmay（34）______．Whenweareangry，however，weareusuallytheonesaffected．Haveyoueverseenyoungchildrenplayingtogether？Buttheyfightverysoon，anddecidenottotalktoeachother．However，thisusuallydoesn't（35）______forlong．Theybecomegoodfriendsagain．Thisisanimportant（36）______forus：wecansolveaproblembylearningtoforget．Manystudentsoftencomplainaboutschool．Theymightfeeltheyhavetoomuchworktodosometimes，orthinktherulesaretoo（37）______．Wemustlearnhowtochangethese"problems"into"challenges"（挑战）．Asyoungadults，itisourduty（38）______ourbesttodealwitheachchallengewiththehelpofourteachers．Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople，youwillfindyourproblemsarenotso（39）______．ThinkaboutStephenHawking，forexample，