2025年高二英语寒假衔接（外研版）专题10外研版-选择性必修第三册 unit1-3 语法+重点题型练习解析版

专题10Unit1-3语法+重点题型练习（外研2019版选择性必修三）考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破1.unit1语法主语从句2.unit2语法表语从句3.uni3语法集体名词作主语时的主谓一致主语从句在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句的引导词有：(1)从属连词：that、whether、if等。(2)连接代词：who、whose、whom、which、what、whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever等。(3)连接副词：when、where、why、how等。一、that引导的主语从句that在主语从句中不充当句子成分，也没有含义，只起连接作用，但通常不能省略。Thatsmokingisharmfultohealthisknowntoeveryone.吸烟有害健康，这是大家都知道的。Thatweneedmoreequipmentisobvious.显然，我们需要更多的设备。Thatshewonthegamemadeusveryhappy.她赢得了比赛令我们非常高兴。二、whether/if引导的主语从句whether/if在从句中只起连接作用，在句中不作成分，意为“是否”，且不可省略。whether引导的主语从句既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句末，前面需用it作形式主语。Whetherlifeexistsonotherplanetsisnotclearyet.其他星球上是否存在生命还不清楚。Itisnotaproblemwhetherwecanwinthebattle;it'sjustamatteroftime.我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。Whetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.现在还不确定运动会是否将举行。Whetherwewillgoforanautumnoutingisnotsure.＝Itisnotsurewhether/ifwewillgoforanautumnouting.我们是否要去秋游还没定下来。三、连接代词引导的主语从句连接代词what、who、whom、whose、which、whatever、whoever、whichever等引导主语从句时，既起连接作用，同时在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，且不可以省略。Whowillbringupthechildhasn’tbeendecidedyet.谁来抚养这个孩子还没有决定。Whichlifestyleisthemostbeneficialtoourhealthisstillunknown.还不知道哪种生活方式对我们的健康最有利。Whathesaidjustnowistrue.他刚才说的是真的。Whateveryoudoshoulddonoharmtoothers.无论你做什么都不应该伤害别人。四、连接副词引导的主语从句连接副词when、where、how、why引导主语从句时，在句中既是连接词，又作状语；where作地点状语；when作时间状语；why作原因状语。连接副词引导的主语从句，也常用it作形式主语。Whyhespiedonmepuzzledmeforalongtime.他为什么监视我困扰了我很长时间。Wherehelivesisnotknowntoanyone.他住在哪里谁也不知道。Whenwe'llgoforapicnicisn'tknown.我们什么时候去野餐还不知道。Howlifebeganontheearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlestoscientists.地球上的生命如何起源的是科学家们的最大的困惑之一。五、用it作形式主语的主语从句(1)It＋be＋形容词(obvious、natural、certain、surprising、possible、likely、important、necessary等)＋that从句Itisclearthatthegirltoldalie.很明显那个女孩撒了谎。Sheworkssohard.Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinthisexam.她学习很用功。她一定会在这次考试中考得很好。Itisobviousthatyouhavemadeabigmistake.很明显你犯了一个大错。(2)It＋be＋名词(词组)(nowonder、anhonour、agoodthing、apity、nosurprise等)＋that从句Itisnowonderthatyou’veachievedsuchgoodresults.难怪你取得了这么好的成绩。Itisnosurprisethatourteamhavewonthegame.我们队已经赢得了那场比赛并不令人惊奇。Itisapitythatyourparentsdon’tpermityoutogowithus.你父母不允许你和我们一起去，真遗憾。(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said、reported、thought、expected、decided、announced、suggested等)＋that从句Itisreportedthatnopassengerswereinjuredintheaccident.据报道，事故中没有乘客受伤。Itisgenerallyconsideredthatboysarebetteratsciencethangirls.人们普遍认为男孩比女孩更擅长理科。(4)其他Itdoesn'tmatterthat... ……是无关紧要的Itstruck/hitsb.that... 某人突然想到……Itoccurredtosb.that... 某人突然想到……Itseems/appearsthat... 看起来……Ithappensthat... 碰巧……Itturnedout/provedthat... 结果是……ItoccurredtomethatIhadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.我突然想到第二天早上要参加一个重要会议。IthappenedthatIwasawaywhenhecalled.他来电话时我碰巧不在。Itturnedoutthatwewerewrong.结果是我们错了。【即时演练】theearthmovesaroundthesunisknowntoall.isapitythatyourparentsdidn'tpermityoutogowithus.Itissuggestedtheoldmanshouldgotothecountrysidetohavearest.Itmakesnodifferenceyousupportmyplanornot.youcansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.getstotheschoolearlywillbepraisedbyourheadteacher.isfantasticabouthistoryisthewayitbroadensourhorizons.weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.Wehaveselectedthreeplaces,butthehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.【答案】That2.It3.that4.whether5.WhetherWhoever7.What8.How9.where10.When表语从句一、表语从句的含义和构成1．含义：表语从句是指一个句子作为表语，放在系动词之后，这种从句往往是对主句的主语进行进一步解释说明。2．构成：其一般结构为“主语＋系动词＋连接词连接的表语从句”。3．可接表语从句的系动词有：be,look,seem,sound,appear等。引导表语从句的连接词有连接代词(what、who、whom、which、whose等)，连接副词(when、where、how、why等)以及that、whether、asif/asthough、because等。二、表语从句的用法1．that引导表语从句that引导表语从句时仅起连接作用，无任何意义，在从句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。Mysuggestionisthatyoushouldhavepatience.我的建议是你应该有耐心。Themostimportantresultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatisintended.对用户来说，最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。Thetroublewasthattheycouldn'tagreeamongthemselves.问题是他们内部意见不统一。2．whether引导表语从句whether引导表语从句时起连接作用，意为“是否”，但在从句中不作任何成分。注意：if不能引导表语从句。Thequestioniswhetherwecancutdownthecostsoftheproduct.问题是我们是否降低这款产品的成本。Thepointiswhetherweshouldlendhimthemoney.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。3．连接代词引导表语从句连接代词what、who、whom、which、whose、whatever、whoever、whomever、whichever等引导表语从句时，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分。Thisiswhatmyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.这是我父亲教我的——总是面对困难并抱最大的希望。Theproblemiswhocancompletethedifficulttask.问题是谁能完成这项困难的任务。Myquestioniswhoseturnitistobeondutytoday.我的问题是今天轮到谁值日了。4．连接副词引导表语从句连接副词when、where、how、why等引导表语从句时，除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还分别充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语。Thisiswhereweusuallythinkit'seasiertojustgiveup.这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.对这名足球明星来说，最美好的时刻就是他踢进制胜球的时候。Theirdifficultyishowtheycancleartheirdebts.他们的困难是怎样才能还清债务。5．asif/asthough、because等引导表语从句asif/asthough引导的表语从句常置于系动词look、seem、sound、be、become等后面。because引导的表语从句常见于“This/That/Itis/wasbecause...”句型中。Itlooksasif/asthoughitisgoingtorain.看起来要下雨了。Hewassenttothehospital.That'sbecausehewasill.他被送到医院。那是因为他病了。注意:(1)asif/asthough引导的表语从句所述的是事实或极有可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气；所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气(表示与现在事实相反时，从句动词用一般过去时，be动词用were；表示与过去事实相反时，从句动词用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反时，从句动词用would/could/might＋动词原形)。Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwasasifagreatblackblankethadbeenthrownoverit.厚重的烟雾笼罩了整个城市，好像把一块大黑毯盖到了它的上面。(2)三个易混的表语从句：①“This/That/Itiswhy＋表语从句(表结果)”意为“这/那就是……的原因”；②“This/That/Itisbecause＋表语从句(表原因)”意为“这/那是因为……”；③“Thereasonwhy...isthat＋表语从句”意为“……的原因是……”。Shehasababytotakecareof.That'swhysheoftencomeslate.她有一个孩子需要照顾，那就是她经常迟到的原因。Sheoftencomeslate.That'sbecauseshehasababytotakecareof.她经常迟到，那是因为她有一个孩子需要照顾。Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcomeisthathehadnotreceivedtheinvitation.他没来的原因是他没有收到请柬。【即时演练】ThefactisCOVID­19hasaconsiderableinfluenceonpeople'slife.Ourhopeis______aneffectivecureforCOVID­19willbefoundassoonaspossible.Thequestionisthestarcouldturnupattheeveningpartyontime.Mydoubtisthenewfileisworthseeing.Thetroubleisisqualifiedtotakeoverthebusinesswhilethemanagerisabsent.Obeyingthetrafficrulesisallofusshouldpayattentiontoinparticular.HispuzzleisdictionaryisofgreaterhelptoEnglishbeginners.ThemostexcitingmomentwashissonwasadmittedtoPekingUniversity.Themountainvillageishewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.Thequestioniswecanfinishthetoughtaskaheadofschedule.【答案】that2.that3.whether4.whether5.who6.what7.which8.whenWhere10.how集体名词作主语时的主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词和其主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。本单元侧重讲解集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。集体名词作主语时可归为以下三类：1．有的集体名词表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常也用复数形式，比如cattle、people、police等。Howmanypeoplewereatthemeeting?有多少人参加了会议？Thecattlearegrazingatthefootofthehill.牛群正在山脚下吃草。2．有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。若视为整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调集体中的一个个成员，谓语动词用复数形式，比如family、class、enemy、audience、army、band、committee、crowd、staff、team、board、couple、data、group、government、public等。(1)强调整体，谓语动词用单数：Therewasabigaudienceattheeveningparty.晚会上观众很多。Hisfamilyhasmovedintothenewhouse.他家已搬进新房子。Thefootballteamisbeingreorganized.这支足球队正在重组。(2)强调成员，谓语动词用复数：Theaudiencewerealldeeplyimpressedbytheplot.剧情给观众留下了极为深刻的印象。Theclassarealloutontheplaygroundtocheerfortheathletes.班上的学生们都到操场上为运动员鼓劲去了。Thecommitteeagreetodiscusstheproposalatthenextmeeting.委员们同意在下次会议中讨论该建议。3．有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式，比如baggage、clothing、equipment、furniture、jewellery、luggage、scenery、poetry等。Thefurnitureintheroomhasbeenmadetoorder.这个房间的家具是定做的。Mostoftheirequipmenthasbeenshippedaheadofschedule.他们的大部分设备已提前运走了。【即时演练】Thepolice(be)senttothespottokeeporderimmediately.Alltheirclothing(be)strikingwithbrightcolors.Theclass(consist)of25boysand20girls.Theclass(be)doinganexperimentinthelabnow.【答案】were2.is3.consists4.are完成句子1．会议是否会如期举行还不清楚。remainsunclear.2．学习英语最重要的是足够的练习。isenoughpractice.3．谁最后离开房间，谁就应该关灯。oughttoturnoffthelights.4．这个计划是否会实施还不清楚。theplanwillbecarriedout.5．谁将负责我们班级到目前为止还没确定。hasn'tbeendecidedsofar.6．他开会缺席是因为他的航班推迟了。Hisabsencefromthemeetingis．7．他考试不及格的原因是他没有努力学习。Thereason．8．北京已不是十年前的北京了。Beijingisn't．9．令父母骄傲的是他们的女儿考上了她梦想中的大学。Whattheparentsareproudofis．10．看上去她好像知道这个坏消息了。Itlooks．11．昨天当我拜访他们时，他们一家人正在吃晚饭。WhenIvisitedthemyesterday,thefamily．12．在我们学校，我们班在踢足球方面比其他任何班都好。Ourclassatplayingfootballinourschool.13．这个山区的风景很美，吸引了很多游客。,whichhasattractedmanytourists.14．所有家具都已经被搬到了另一个房间里。Allthefurnitureanotherroom.15．各种可能的方法都试过了，效果很好。Everypossiblemeansandtheresultisverygood.【答案】WhetherthemeetingwillgoaheadasplannedWhatmattersmostinlearningEnglishWhoeverleavestheroomlastItisstillunknownwhetherWhowilltakechargeofourclassbecausehisflightwasputoffwhyhefailedtheexamisthathedidn'tstudyhardwhatitwastenyearsagothattheirdaughterwasadmittedintoherdreamuniversityasifshehasknownthebadnewswerehavingdinnerisbetterthananyotherclassthesceneryofthismountainareaisbeautiful,hasbeenmovedtohasbeentried单句语法填空1．_______hewilljoinuswon'tmaketoomuchdifference.2．surprisedmemostwasthatsuchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.3．Thatwegoswimmingeveryday(do)usalotofgood.4．hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.5．Somepeoplebelievehashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.6．thevaluablepaintingswerehiddenisstillamystery.7．—Whatmadeherparentssoangry?—shehadfailedintheexamination.8．Itremainsaquestionwecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.9.______remainstobeseenwhetherthisplanispracticalenoughtokeeptheprojectgoing.10．theywillhavethesportsmeetingisstillaquestion,fortheyhavesomanythingstodo.11．Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyishehasaflexibleattitude.12．madethedoctorupsetwasheshouldtellthepatientthetruthornot.13．Sheinsistedthatshedidagoodjob,andthatwasshedisagreedwithherfather.14．ThebesttimeforMarkTwainwasheworkedontheMississippi.15．OneofthegreatthingsaboutlivinginChinaisconvenientitistotraveltodifferentplaces.16．Hedidn'tattendschoolyesterday,andthat'shegotatoothache.17．Theproblemiswecangetsomuchmoneyfortheoperationornotinsuchashorttime.18．Whatisjustbeyondmyimaginationisfortuneshouldblessmewithachancetorealizemydream.19．Ithinkthatacceptingfailureisweneedtodofirstbeforewesucceedeventually.20．Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit(be)broken.21．Ourcountryisdevelopingatanamazingspeed,whichismakesmefeelveryproud.22．—DoyouthinkitwiseofChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?—No,that'stheyaremistaken.23．ThequestioniswilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.24．—Children'sbehaviourismosteasilyinfluencedbyhisparents.—True.That'sweshouldsetagoodexampletoourkids.25．Modestyis