浙江省宁波市慈溪市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题 含解析

慈溪市学年第一学期高二期末测试英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷选择题和第Ⅱ卷非选择题。第Ⅰ卷注意事项：答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分：听力共两节，满分分)第一节共5小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesthewomantalktoJohn?A.askforadvice.B.recommendaclub.C.borrowsomebooks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HeyJohn!IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedacoupleofmonthsago.IknowyoudoalotofreadingsoIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:Oh,thatsoundslikefun.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisKarenbusydoingtoday?A.Organizingaparty.B.Cleaningthehouse.C.herdaughter.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Karen,itseemsyou’reprettybusytoday.W:It’smydaughter’sbirthdaytoday.I’mthrowingabigpartyforher.Sothere’salottodo.M:Letmeknowifyouneedahand.第1页/共26页3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’soccupation.B.Theman’scompany.C.Theman’sbooks.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Soareyoustillasalesmanofkids’toys?M:No.Ileftmyformercompanyabouttwoyearsagoafterpublishingmyfirstbook.NowIteachkidsmusicataschoolandworkonmysecondbookinmyfreetime.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearemostprobablythespeakers?A.Athome.B.Atananimalshelter.C.Atazoo.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Lookatallthedogs,catsandbunnies.Ijustwanttotakethemallbackhome.W:Iknowyouwanttohelpthemall.Butwecanjusttakeonebackhome.M:ThenI’llencouragemyfriendstocomeandadoptsome,too.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesMikemean?A.He’llgotobedrightB.Hedoesn’tfeeltiredatall.C.Hewillstayuplatetonight.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Mike,it’s00pmGotobed.M:ButIhaven’tfinishedmypaperyet.W:canfinishitM:ThedeadlineisI’llhavetoburnthemidnightoiltonight.第二节共小题每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各第2页/共26页小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。6.What’stheadvantageoftheapartment?A.Itssuitablesize.B.Itsnewfurniture.C.Itsgoodcommunity.7.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforrenteachtime?A.$300.B.$900.C.$3600.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’mheretolookattheone-bedroomapartmentyouhaveforrent.W:OK.Followme,please.Asyoucansee,it’sbrightandfurnished.M:That’strue,butit’ssmallerthanIexpected.Butit’sfinewithme.Iliveinitalone,afterall.W:Good.Sodoyoulikeit?M:It’snearmycollegeandit’sinagoodneighborhood.Sowhatabouttherent?W:It’s300dollarsamonthandyouneedtopayforthreemonths’renteachtime.M:Icanacceptthat.AndIwanttorenttheapartmentforawholeyear.8.WhyisMichellehungrynow?A.Sheskippedbreakfast.B.Shedidn’teatenough.C.Shedidphysicalactivity.9.WhatwillMichelledonext?A.Getherselfacross.B.Eatherfoodoutside.C.AskforMr.Brown’spermission.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Michelle,doyouwanttoeatyoursandwichnow?It’sjust10:30am.W:Iwaswokenupearlybymyfatherandwasaskedtojogwithhimforhalfanhour.Ijusthadsomebreadandtwoeggsthismorning.NowI’mreallystarving.Iusuallydon’tfeelhungrybefore30am.Iguessit’sbecauseofmyjogging.M:ifyoureallywanttoeatnow,Isuggestyougooutside.W:Why?第3页/共26页M:Ifyoueatinthestudio,you’llmakeMr.Brownveryangry.Hedoesn’talloweatinghere.W:Iguessyou’reright.Idon’twanttomakehimcross.10.HowdidLindagettoherA.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bytrain.HowlongdidLindaarrivehereinadvance?A.10minutes.B.25minutes.C.35minutes.12Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Roommates.【答案】10.CB12.A【解析】【原文】M:Linda,whendidyouleaveyourapartmentthismorning?W:Ididn’tleaveuntil8:10amandIarrivedatthebuildingofourat9:35am.M:Sohowdidyougethere?Didyoudriveortakeabus?W:Neither.Idon’townacaryetandthebusmovestooslowly.ItookthetrainfromHuntingdon.Thecarriagewasalmostempty.ItwascompletelytheoppositetomyBrightoncommutelastyear.M:Didyouimmediatelycometotheafteryouarrivedatthebuilding?W:No.SinceIwasnotexpecteduntil10:00am,Itookaquickstrollaroundtheblock.Ieventooksomepicturesusingmycellphone.IsawthestatuesofShakespeareandCharlieChaplin.IevenhadalookatChinatown.M:Good.Didyoulikeyourfirstdayworkinghere?W:Absolutely.I’mgladIcanworkwithpeoplelikeyouhere.13.Whichartfestivalwasthebiggestaccordingtothewoman?A.TheoneinChicago.B.TheoneinNewC.TheoneinLosAngeles.14.Whatweretheydissatisfiedabouttheartfestival?A.Lackofwatercolorpaintings.B.Lackofaccomplishedartists.第4页/共26页C.Lackofsculptures.15.Whydidthemanquitpainting?A.Hepreferredchalkart.B.Hehadatightschedule.C.Hecouldn’ttheexpenses.16.Whatdoesthewomanpromisethemantodo?A.Payforthetaxi.B.Callthereceptionist.C.Bringhimartsupplies.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelievehowcoolthatartfestivalwaslastnight.AnditwasevenbiggerthantheoneswewenttoinLosAngelesandChicago.M:NewisthebirthplaceofthemodernartmovementintheUS.W:TheonlythingIwasmissingwassculpture.Thewatercolorpaintingsweremyfavorite.M:Iwasalsodisappointedaboutthelackofsculpture,butingeneral,Ilikeditalot.Hey,howlongdoyouthinkittakestobecomeanaccomplishedartist?W:It’stoughtosay.Myuncleisapainter,andittookhim20yearstogettothepointwherehecoulddohisartfull-time.M:Ihavealwaysenjoyedoilpainting,butthematerialsaresoexpensive.Ihadtogiveitup.W:That’stoobad!Iguessweallhavetomakesacrifices.M:MaybeIjustneedacheaperalternative.Myniecehasbeendoingalotofchalkartonherblackboardandsheevenlikestoshowittoherbestfriend.W:shouldstopbytheartsupplystoreonthewayhome.M:OK,aslongasthecostofacabisnottoohigh.Iamonatightbudgetthismonth.W:Thisone’sonme.gotthetaxilastweekend.M:Let’sgotothereceptioncounter.Theycanhelpusfindthetaxistand.17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Deliveringalecture.B.Hostingaprogram.C.Conductingaseminar.18.WhathasagreatinfluenceonStephanie’scareerchoice?第5页/共26页A.Herfather’sguidance.B.Herclassmates’help.C.Extensivereading.19.Whydidn’tStephaniegotomedicalschoolaftercollege?A.Shehadfinancialproblems.B.Shefoundajobasachemist.C.ShefellinlovewithChemistry.20.HowdidStephaniefindherworkatDuPont?A.Boring.B.C.Great.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodevening,everyone.Intonight’sprogram-PeopleinHistory,I’dliketotellyousomethingaboutStephanieLouiseKwolek.Asayounggirl,Stephaniewasdifferentfromherclassmates.Shewasanexcellentreaderwithanextremelygoodmemory.Shewasalsoverygoodatmath.Stephanie’sloveoflearningcamefromherfather.Everynightwhenhecamehomefromwork,hesatandreadabookornewspaper.Hewasascientistwhostudiesnature.thefatherandthedaughterwouldwalkintothewoods,collectingleaves,flowers,andseeds.Stephaniestuckherfindsinascrapbook.Herfatherhelpedherlabelandwritedescriptionsofthem.Hediedwhenshewas10,buttheirearlyexplorationstogetherinspiredStephanietopursueacareerinscience.AsStephaniegrewolder,shedecidedtousesciencetohelppeopleandbecomeadoctor.Shestudiedchemistryincollege,butwhenshegraduated,shecouldn’ttogotomedicalschool.Instead,sheworkedandsavedmoney.ShegotajobasachemistattheDuPontCompany.Thejobwassupposedtobetemporary,butStephaniefellinlovewithitandneverlookedback.HerworkatDuPontcombinedherchildhoodloveofscienceandfabricwithherinterestinhelpingpeopleandsolvingproblems,andhercreationswouldchangetheworld.第二部分阅读共两节，满分分)第一节共小题每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThebestfilmsof2024chosenbyTheEconomistreleasedon12.22,2023inAmericaIntheyear’sgentlestfilm,alonelyscreenwriter(AndrewScott)visitshischildhoodhomeandmeetstheghostsofhisparents(ClaireFoyandJamieBell).Theywerekilledwhenhewasaboy,butnowhehasonelastchancetotalktothemabouttheirbrieftimetogether.第6页/共26页releasedon05.23,2024inFranceSetinIndia,itisasensitivestudyofthreewomen(KaniKusruti,DivyaPrabha,ChhayaKadam)whoworktogetherinabustlingMumbaihospital.Bynight,thecitycharmingglimmersoffreedom,butthelifewithlittlemoneyorindependencereturnsinthemorning.releasedon10.23,2024inAmericaAdreamlike,impressionisticdescriptionoftwoboys(EthanHerisse,BrandonexperiencingacruelracistreformschoolinFloridainthe1960sandtheaftermath(创伤).ThemovieisadaptedfromthePulitzer-prizewinningnovelbyColsonWhitehead,whichisbasedonrealevents.releasedon12.26,2023inSpainThisadaptationofSaraillustratednovelissetinNewinthe1980s.Thisinsightfulanimatedfilmisaboutalonelydogbefriendingarustyrobot.Everyframeisfullofwonderfuljokes,butthefilmdoesnothaveawordofdialogue.21.Whichmovieisthemedontheconflictbetweendreamandreality?A.AllofUsStrangers.B.AllWeImagineasLight.C.NickelBoys.D.RobotDreams.22.Whatdoandhaveincommon?A.Theyareputonin2024.B.Theyareanimatedmovies.C.Theyareadaptedfromnovels.D.TheyarePulitzer-prizewinners.23.Inwhichcolumnarewelikelytoreadthispassage?A.Entertainment.B.C.Fashion.D.Education.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《经济学家》评选的2024年部分最佳影片。【21题详解】部分中“Bynight,thecitycharmingglimmersoffreedom,butthelifewithlittlemoneyorindependencereturnsinthemorning.(到了晚上，这座城市闪烁着迷人的自由之光，但到了早上，没钱又不独立的生活又回来了)”可知，影片中三位女性在夜晚能感受到城市的自由美好，但白天又要面对生活的现实困境，体现了梦想与现实的冲突。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据部分中“ThemovieisadaptedfromthePulitzer-prizewinningnovelbyColson第7页/共26页Whitehead,whichisbasedonrealevents.(这部电影改编自科尔森·怀特黑德的普利策奖获奖小说，故事基于真实事件)”和部分中“ThisadaptationofSaraillustratednovelissetinNewinthe1980s.(这部影片改编自莎拉·瓦伦的插画小说，故事背景设定在20世纪80年代的纽约)”可知，两部电影的共同点是都改编自小说。故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“Thebestfilmsof2024chosenbyTheEconomist(《经济学家》评选的2024年最佳影片)2024乐板块。故选A项。BDecadesago,myfriendCaetlinreceivedapeculiarassignmentfromthepoetRobertL.Hass,whowasthenherundergraduateliteratureprofessor.HeinstructedeachstudenttomemorizethreepoemsfromTheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiteraturenotforanyurgentacademicreasonbuttopreparethemfortheirunavoidablefuturesolitude,claimingthatyou’regoingtobealone,andpoetryisgoingtobeallyouhave.Theactofmemorizingapoemseemedcuriouslyold-fashionedinanerawhenfewofusencounterpoetryatall.Imostlydevotedmyselftoprose(散文).Itwasonlyinmy40sthatIbegantochangemyways.IthappenedinaflighttoSeattle.Forhours,Ireadnothingelsebutapoem,sometimesgoingthrough,sometimesrepeatingoverandover.Attheendofmyflight,Ihadall40linesinmyhead.Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.Butasyoukeeptrying,thelinesfinallycometogetheragain,andthescatteredtexttransformsbackintoatreasure,oftenamorevaluableonethanitwasbefore.Inotherwords,poetryperpetuatesitselfbybecomingapartofthosewhoreadit.Itcandosoonlybecauseitissospecific,soentirelydifferent,thattakingitinexpandsourownsenseofwhatweare.SomeofthepoemsI’vememorizedarealreadyfading,andthat’sfine.IknowifIspendalittletimewiththem,they’llsinginmeagain.Otherskeepthumping(重击)inmelikeanewpulse.Iwon’tpromiseyouthatmemorizingpoetrywillmakeyourlifebetter,butitwillmakeyoumore:moreintouchwithlanguage,withotherminds,maybewithwhatyoumightyetbecome.24.WhatdidprofessorRobertassignhisstudentstodo?A.Appreciateliteratureworks.B.poemstoavoidfuturesolitude.C.Recitepoemsforpotentialloneliness.D.Memorizepoemsforacademicreasons.第8页/共26页25.Whydoestheauthorsaymemorizingapoembeginsasacrime?A.Repetitionmakespoemsboring.B.It’sawaytokilltimeontheplane.C.Theauthorpreferredprosetopoetry.D.Peoplehardlyencounteredpoetrythen.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordperpetuatesinparagraph3mean?A.Makesomethingfamous.B.Keepsomethingalive.C.Makesomethingbeautiful.D.Keepsomethingspecial.27.Howdoestheauthorunderstandmemorizingpoetry?A.Itmakesourlifebetter.B.Itleadstothepursuitofdream.C.Itexpandsourlifeproperly.D.Itenrichesourmemorydefinitely.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了教授让学生为未来可能的孤独背诵诗歌，作者分享自己背诗的经历，探讨了背诵诗歌的意义。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“HeinstructedeachstudenttomemorizethreepoemsfromTheNortonAnthologyofAmericanLiteraturenotforanyurgentacademicreasonbuttopreparethemfortheirunavoidablefuturesolitude,claimingthatyou’regoingtobealone,andpoetryisgoingtobeallyouhave.(他指示每个学生从《诺顿美国文学选集》中背诵三首诗，不是出于任何紧迫的学术原因，而是为他们不可避免的未来孤独做准备，他声称你会孤独，而诗歌将是你仅有的东西)”可知，罗伯特教授让学生为潜在的孤独背诵诗歌。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.(背诵一首伟大的诗总是始于一种“罪过”。重复带来的无聊感削弱了它原本的巨大魅力)”可知，作者说背诵诗歌始于一种“罪过”是因为重复让诗歌变得无聊。故选A项。【26题详解】Inotherwords”意为“换句话说”，说明划线词所在句“Inotherwords,poetryperpetuatesitselfbybecomingapartofthosewhoreadit.(换句话说，诗歌通过成为读者的一部分而perpetuates自身)”是对前文意思的再解读。前文“Memorizingagreatpoemalwaysbeginsasacrime.Theboredomofrepetitionreducesthegreatcharmithas.Butasyoukeeptrying,thelinesfinallycometogetheragain,andthescatteredtexttransformsbackintoatreasure,oftenamorevaluableonethanitwasbefore.(背诵一首伟大的诗总是一开始就犯了罪。重复的无聊降低了它的巨大魅力。但在你不断努力的过程中，诗句最终会重新第9页/共26页组合在一起，分散的文字又重新变成了一件珍宝，而且往往比以前更有价值)”告诉我们，在不断重复的过程中，无聊的诗歌会重新变成了一件珍宝，比以前更有价值，换句话说，说明诗歌通过被背诵而成为读者perpetuatesKeepsomethingalive.”同义。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iwon’tpromiseyouthatmemorizingpoetrywillmakeyourlifebetter,butitwillmakeyoumore:moreintouchwithlanguage,withotherminds,maybewithwhatyoumightyetbecome.(我不会向你保证背诵诗歌会让你的生活更美好，但它会让你更丰富：更能接触语言、接触他人的思想，也许还能接触到你未来可能成为的样子)”可推知，作者认为背诵诗歌能让生活更丰富，能适当地拓展我们的生活。故选C项。CPayne,whorosetofameatjust16asabandmemberinBritainin2010,facedhugepressurefromayoungage,whichimpactedhismentalhealth.Inanattempttohandlethestressesofhisearlystardom,heturnedtoalcoholanddrugs,andfinallyendedhisownlife.ThetragedyofPayne’sdeathhassparkedawiderdebatewithinthemusicindustryabouttheresponsibilitiesthatcomewithlaunchingyoungstarsintothespotlight.InaninterviewwithTheObserver,BritishsongwriterGuyChamberssuggestedthatunder-18sshouldbebannedfrombecomingpopstars.Hepointedoutmanyyoungstarswerepushedintointenseschedules,oftenperformingupto200datesyearlyindifferentplaces.“They’realwaysbusy.Theseteensstartrelyingonsleepingpillsandstimulants(兴奋剂)tokeepthemupfortheshows,”Chamberssaid.Researchhasshownthatyoungartistscameeasilydownwithmentalissues.A2021studyrevealedthat80percentofmusiciansbetweentheagesof18and25struggledwithanxietyanddepression,accordingtotheBBC.Whilepreventingunder-18sfromenteringthemusicindustryisonepossiblepreventativemeasure,couldChambers’ideaworkinpractice?ChrisHerbert,aformerpopmusicmanager,believesthatenforcingaminimumagewouldbedifficulttocarryout.“Theentertainmentindustryhasaverylonghistoryofdeliveringsuccessfulstarsofallages,andtherewillalwaysbeamarketthatwantsyoungartists,”HerberttoldtheBBC.However,Herberthascalledforachangeinthewaytheindustryoperates.Insteadofbanningyoungartists,headvocatesforprovidingthemwiththerighteducationandsupport,includingtrainedchaperones(陪护人),counselors,sociableworkinghours,mealbreaksandregularrest.28.WhatcontributedtoPayne’sstrugglesinthemusicindustry?A.Negativemediacoverage.B.Competitionamongpeers.第10页/共26页C.Theresponsibilitiesonstars.D.Thepressureofearlyfame.29.WhydoesGuyChamberssuggestanagebanonyoungstars?A.Theirworktheirhealth.B.Theymanagetheirschedulespoorly.C.Theylacknecessarysupportsystems.D.Theirperformancesarefarfromgood.30.What’sChrisHerbertattitudetoChambers’proposal?A.Objective.B.Approved.C.Opposed.D.Indifferent.31.Whichofthefollowingmaybeasolutionforyoungartistsaccordingtothepassage?A.Improvingtheirprofessionalskills.B.Limitingtheiraccesstosocialmedia.C.Promotingpublicawarenessoftheissue.D.Offeringbettermentalhealth-relatedsupport.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过Payne的故事，引发对年轻明星心理健康的关注，提出了教育和支持的建议。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Payne,whorosetofameatjust16asabandmemberinBritainin2010,facedhugepressurefromayoungage,whichimpactedhismentalhealth.Inanattempttohandlethestressesofhisearlystardom,heturnedtoalcoholanddrugs,andfinallyendedhisownlife.(Payne于2010年在英国以乐队成员的身份在16岁时成名，他从小就面临着巨大的压力，这影响了他的心理健康。为了应对早期明星生涯带来的压力，他开始酗酒和吸毒，最终结束了自己的生命)”可知，早年成名的压力使Payne在音乐界举步维艰。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InaninterviewwithTheObserver,BritishsongwriterGuyChamberssuggestedthatunder-18sshouldbebannedfrombecomingpopstars.(GuyChambers建议禁止18岁以下人成为流行歌星)”以及“They’realwaysbusy.Theseteensstartrelyingonsleepingpillsandstimulants(兴奋剂)tokeepthemupfortheshows,(让他们在节目中保持清醒)GuyChambers该禁止未满18岁的人成为流行明星。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whilepreventingunder-18sfromenteringthemusicindustryisonepossiblepreventativemeasure,couldChambers’ideaworkinpractice?ChrisHerbert,aformerpopmusicmanager,第11页/共26页believesthatenforcingaminimumagewouldbedifficulttocarryout.(虽然防止18岁以下的人进入音乐行业是Chambers的想法在实践中可行吗？前流行音乐经理ChrisHerbert年龄将很难)”以及第五段“However,Herberthascalledforachangeinthewaytheindustryoperates.(然而，Herbert呼吁改变该行业的运作方式)”可知，Herbert认为执行最低年龄限制难以实施，且提议用其他方法代替。由此推知，Herbert对Chambers的想法持反对态度。故选C项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Insteadofbanningyoungartists,headvocatesforprovidingthemwiththerighteducationandsupport,includingtrainedchaperones(陪护人),counselors,sociableworkinghours,mealbreaksandregularrest.(他主张为年轻艺术家提供正确的教育和支持，包括训练有素的监护人、辅导员、社交工作时间、)Herbert训练的陪护人和顾问。故选D项。DWhileinteractingwithothers,weconveycontentwithourwords,primarily,andintent(意图)withourbodylanguage.Andwehumanscareaboutintentevenmorethancontentbecauseintentcaneitherreinforceordestroycontent.Oneofthemostdebatedareasofintentisfindingwhetherornotsomeoneislying.Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.Theresearcherstestedexperimentparticipantswhowatchedvideoswheresomespeakerswerelyingandsomeweretellingthetruth.Theparticipantcaughttheliarsonly43percentofthetimeandpickedthetruth-tellersonly48percentofthetime.That’sworsethanflippingacoin!Then,theresearcherstestedtheunconsciousreadings(潜意识反应)ofthevolunteersbymeasuringtheirresponse.Theydidmuchbetter.Here’saquickwaytoimproveyourliedetectionrightaway.Firstofall,don’tlookforspecific“tells”.Lookatthewholefaceandbody,goingsoftfocus,andaskyourself:sincereorinsincere?Then,letyourunconsciousgotowork.mayjudgewhetherthewholepictureaddsuptoaconsistentexpressionorrevealssomeinnertension.Forexample,isthemouthsetinasmile,buttheeyesarecold?Insincere.Justoneprinciple.Askyourself:Isthis第12页/共26页personsincereorinsincere?Andthentakeinthewholeperson.beabletotellmostofthetime.32.Whydoestheauthormentionmanystudiesinparagraph2?A.giveevidenceofthefinding.B.illustratethedifficultyofdetectinglies.C.revealscientists’totackleproblems.D.highlighttheimportanceofrandomguessing.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thecauseoftheexperiment.B.Theprocessoftheexperiment.C.Theinnovationoftheexperiment.D.Theparticipantsoftheexperiment.34.Whatmethodistodetectlies?A.Analyzingeachgestureindividually.B.Lookingfordetailedcluesonpurpose.C.Focusingonthespecificcontentofthespeech.D.Combiningunconsciouswithgeneralimpression.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Contentorintent?B.Whatshouldwedowithlies?C.Sincereorinsincere?D.Howgoodareweatdetectingliars?【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了测谎的困难及有效测谎的方法。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.(大量的人力投入到提FBI和CIAPaulEkman也投入了54%)”可第13页/共26页推知，作者提到许多研究是为了说明检测谎言的困难。故选B。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theresearcherstestedexperimentparticipantswhowatchedvideoswheresomespeakerswerelyingandsomeweretellingthetruth.Theparticipantcaughttheliarsonly43percentofthetimeandpickedthetruth-tellersonly48percentofthetime.That’sworsethanflippingacoin!Then,theresearcherstestedtheunconsciousreadings(潜意识反应)ofthevolunteersbymeasuringtheirresponse.Theydidmuchbetter.(究人员对观看视频的实验参与者进行了测试，其中一些人在撒谎，一些人在说实话。参与者只有43%的时间抓住了骗子，只有48%的时间选择了说实话的人。这比抛硬币还糟糕！然后，研究人员通过测量志愿者的反)”谎，另一些人在说真话。接着提到参与者识别说谎者和说真话者的准确率，以及通过测量参与者的潜意识反应来提高识别准确率，这些都是实验过程的描述。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Firstofall,don’tlookforspecific“tells”.Lookatthewholefaceandbody,goingsoftfocus,andaskyourself:sincereorinsincere?Then,letyourunconsciousgotowork.(首先，不要刻意寻找特定的“迹象”。要全面观察面部和身体，采取柔和的焦点，并问自己：真诚还是不真诚？然后，让你的潜意识去发挥作用)”可知，测谎的方法是不要寻找特定的“迹象”，而是看整个面部和身体，保持柔和的焦点，然后让潜意识去发挥作用。也就是将潜意识与总体印象相结合。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Anenormousamountofhumanhasgoneintoincreasingourabilitytodetectliars.TheFBIandtheCIAhavestudiedtheproblemextensively.ThegreatAmericanpsychologistPaulEkmandevotedmuchofhisresearchtoit,andanynumberoftrainingprogramstoincreaseouraccuracyindetectinglies.Whathasbeentheoutcome?studiesdeterminedthathumans,afteralltheareonlyabout54percentaccurateindetectingliars.That’sonlyslightlybetterthanrandomguessingorcoin-flipping.(大量的人力投入到提高我们检测说谎者的能力中，FBI和CIA广泛研究了这个问题，美国伟大的心理学家PaulEkman也投入了大量研究，但结果是经过所有努力后，人类检测说谎者的准确率仅为54%，只比随机猜测或抛硬币略好)”可知，文章讨论了人类在检测谎言方面的准确性，以及如何改进检测谎言的方法。因此适合用“我们在识别谎言方面有多擅长？”作为标题。故选D。第二节共5小题每小题分，满分分)Self-disciplineistheabilitytopushyourselfforward,staymotivated,andtakeaction,regardlessofhowyou’第14页/共26页refeeling,physicallyoremotionally.Itisabasiclifeskillthatdeterminessuccess,well-being,andhappiness.___36___a___37___canpracticeself-disciplineonverysmallgoalssuchasconcentratingonabookforanhourwithoutcheckingyourmessages,oravoidingunhealthyfoodforoneday.Remember,startingsmallisagoodwaytostartdevelopingyourself-discipline.____38____Onceyou’vechosenagoal,listthereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit.toexpressthesereasonsinapositiveway,andyou’llfinditmucheasiertogetthejobdone.Insteadofsaying“Iwanttogetthistaskmyto-dolist”,say“IwanttodothistasksothatIcanmeetmyobjectivesandfeelsatisfiedwithmyself!”Nowyouneedtoidentifytheobstaclesthatyou’lllikelytofacewhenworkingtowardyourgoal.Imaginethatyourgoalistoreadonebookaweektoenhanceyourreadingskills.mayfaceanumberofobstaclesinreachingthisgoal.___39___mayalsogetdistractedbythingsaroundyou.Onceyou’veidentifiedobstacles,comeupwithastrategytoovercomeeachone.Asyouworkonyourself-discipline,payattentiontohowyou’refeeling.___40___Thisreinforcesthepositivechangesthatyou’reexperiencinginyourlife,andgivesyouarecordthatyoucanlookbackontoseetheprogressthatyou’vemade.A.Findyourmotivation.BBehaveinapositiveway.C.Nevergiveintothebarriersyoucomeacross.D.Forexample,it’shardtofindtimeeachdaytoread.E.Beginbychoosingjustonegoalthatyouwanttofocuson.F.Keepajournaltowritedownyourgoalandtotrackyourprogress.G.Herearesomescience-backedstrategiestobecomemoreself-disciplinedinlife.【答案】36.G37.E38.A39.D40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自我约束的重要性，并给出了五条提高生活中自我约束能力第15页/共26页的、有科学依据的策略。【36题详解】由上文“Self-disciplineistheabilitytopushyourselfforward,staymotivated,andtakeaction,regardlessofhowyou’refeeling,physicallyoremotionally.Itisabasiclifeskillthatdeterminessuccess,well-being,andhappiness.(自律是促使自己前进、保持动力并采取行动的能力，无论你在身体或情感上感觉如何。它是一种基本的生活技能，决定着成功、幸福和健康。)”和下文“Chooseagoal.(选择一个目标)”可知，上文主要讲述了自律的含义和重要性，下文主要讲述了提高自律性的具体方法。本空应承上启下，强调恰当的、科学的更加自律的策略。G选项“Herearesomescience-backedstrategiestobecomemoreself-disciplinedinlife.(以下是一)G选项中“strategies”的具体说明。故选G。【37题详解】由上文“Chooseagoal.(选择一个目标。)”及下文“canpracticeself-disciplineonverysmallgoalssuchasconcentratingonabookforanhourwithoutcheckingyourmessages,oravoidingunhealthyfoodforoneday.(你可以在一些非常小的目标上练习自律，比如在不查看信息的情况下专注读书一个小时，或者一天不吃不健康的食物。)”可知，上文提到了选择一个目标，下文则是对这一目标的举例说明，且提到了目标很小。本空应强调自律要从一个目标开始。E选项“Beginbychoosingjustonegoalthatyouwanttofocuson.(从你想要专注的一个目标开始。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。【38题详解】由下文“Onceyou’vechosenagoal,listthereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit.(一旦你选择了目标，就列出你想要实现它的原因。)”可知，本空应强调列出想要实现目标的原因，即要找到动机。A选项“Findyourmotivation.(找到你的动机。)”符合题意，且下文中的“thereasonswhyyouwanttoachieveit”与A选项中的“motivation”相呼应。故选A。【39题详解】由上文“Nowyouneedtoidentifytheobstaclesthatyou’lllikelytofacewhenworkingtowardyourgoal.Imaginethatyourgoalistoreadonebookaweektoenhanceyourreadingskills.mayfaceanumberofobstaclesinreachingthisgoal.(现在你需要识别出你在努力实现目标的过程中可能会遇到的