2024-2025学年外研社版高二（上）英语寒假作业（十一）

2024-2025学年外研社版高二(上)英语寒假作业(十一)

完形填空(共1小题)

1.(2022秋•仁寿县校级期末)MywifeandImovedintoourhometwoyearsago.Wehadayardwithalotof

(1).Veryoftenwhenwehaveflowers,DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,justtoadd

some(2)tothearea.

Lastsummer,IfoundatinylittleplantintheyardthatIcouldnotimmediatelyidentify.IknewIdidn'tplant

itandDenisesaidshedidn'teither.

Wedecidedtoletit(3)growinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas.

WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe(4)plant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Idecided

to(5)theweeds(杂草)aroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething

(6).Thesunflowerhadnot(7)whereIsawitbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrock

andgrownunderandaroundittoreachthe(8).

That'swhenI(9)thatifatinylittlesunflowerdidn'tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping,

wetoohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething.Ifwe(10)ourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecan

reachwherewe(11)togoandgetwhatweneedforgrowth.

Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowingwehavethe(12)toachieveourgoals.Likethesunflower,

itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherocksbecauseithad(13)initselfthatitwouldsucceed.Stand

talllikethesunflowerandbe(14)ofwhoandwhatweare,andthentheenvironmentwillbeginto(15)

us.Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundany"rocks"inordertoreachourgoals.

(1)A.flowerB.insectsC.vegetablesD.rocks

(2)A.waterB.fertilizerC.colorD.shape

(3)A.stopB.continuec.improveD.escape

(4)A.weakB.strangec.lonelyD.pretty

(5)A.collectB.tendc.removeD.watch

(6)A.unusualB.wonderfulc.terribleD.valuable

(7)A.passedB.startedc.leftD.died

(8)A.airB.topc.sunD.house

(9)A.hopedB.realizedC.doubtedD.regretted

(10)A.fillinB.putinC.worryaboutD.believein

(11)A.forgetB.hateC.aimD.wait

(12)A.wishB.planC.abilityD.idea

(13)A.faithB.energyC.virtueD.courage

(14)A.awareB.afraidC.proudD.tired

(15)A.forgiveB.supportC.upsetD.affect

阅读理解（共3小题）

2.(2024•湖南学业考试)Riversareveryimportant.Humansrelyonthemforfoodandwater.Butriverscan

destroythings,too.Theycanflood,orriseovertheirbanks,makingthewaterrunintothenearbyland.Floods

canalsokillhumansandwildlife.However,floodsarenotalwaysbad.Someecosystemsneedthemeveryonce

inawhile.

Floodingcannotonlydrownanimalsbutalsodestroyhabitats.Forexample,afloodinIndiain2012killed

manyone-homedrhinos.Floodwaterscanpickupdirtfromriverbanks,whichmakesthewaterdirty.Toomuch

dirtwillclogriversandstreams,preventingtheriverfromflowing.Sometimesfloodwaterscancarrypollution

totheseaandharmmarinelife.Inaddition,floodwaterscancarrydisease,includinghepatitisAandcholera.

However,noteverythingaboutfloodsisbad.Sometimestheybringnewlifetoecosystems.Floodwaters

carrynutrientstothenearbyland.Overtime,thewaterdriesupandleavesbehindparticles(微粒)ofdirtand

mud.Theparticlesarecalledsediment(沉淀物)whichcanbegoodduetoitsabilitytoimprovethedirtandhelps

plantsgrow.Floodsareimportanttosomeanimalsaswell.Forinstance,someanimalsseefloodsasasignthatitis

timetomateormigrate.Floodsleavesedimentonriverbedswherebabyfishcangrowandcarrynutrientsfor

smallanimalsinthewatertoeat.Moreover,indryseasons,watermightdryup,butfloodshelprefillthewetlands,

keepingtheecosystemgoing.

Floodsareapartofnature.Theycandestroylivingthingsandtheenvironment.Butsomeecosystemsneed

floodstosurvive.

(1)What*sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"clog"inparagraph2?

A.Become.

B.Pollute.

C.Block.

D.Develop.

(2)Howdofloodshelpecosystems?

A.Nutrientscarriedbyfloodscanmakesoilricher.

B.Floodsmakealltheanimalsmigratemoreeasily.

C.Tinyfishgoingwithfloodsfeedsomeanimals.

D.Floodscanimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.

(3)What*sthemainideaofparagraph3?

A.Thewayinwhichfloodsfeedanimals.

B.Thebenefitsoffloodstoecosystems.

C.Aneffectivemeansofimprovingsoil.

D.Thereasonforpeople'sappreciatingfloods.

(4)What*sthebesttitleofthisarticle?

A.TheManyEffectsofFlooding.

B.TheSecretofFlooding.

C.Floods-NotEverythingIsSoBad.

D.Floods-aPartofNature.

3.(2024秋•新郑市校级期中)Asbirthorderisclearlyoneofthemanyfactorsthataffectdevelopment,we

shouldpaymuchattentiontoit.Bigbrothersandsistersusuallydevelopleadershipearlyinlife,mainlybecause

oftheresponsibilitiesforyoungerchildrengiventothembytheirparents.Thedanger,expertsonfamilyand

childpsychologyreport,isthatiftheolderchildtakesthatroletoanextreme,heorshecanbecomean

overbearingadult.

Studiesofnearly300peoplehavefoundthatfirstbornsareusuallythemoststronglymotivatedtoward

achievement.Thisismainlytheresultofparentalexpectations.Researchalsosuggeststhatfirstbornchildren

generallybecomemoreconservative(保守的)thanotherchildrenbecausetheyreceivemostoftheparentalorders

andrules.Usedtocaringforothers,theyaremorelikelytomovetowardsuchleadershipprofessionsasteaching

andpolitics.Lesssocialandflexiblebecausetheybecomeaccustomedintheveryearlyyearstoactingalone,they

mayhavedifficultymakingclosefriends.

Bycontrast,theresearcherssaylaterchildrenaremorelikelytobemorerelaxedandsociablethantheeldest

childbecausetheirparentsaremorerelaxed.However,laterchildrenareoftenlessambitiousandmaybe

uncomfortablemakingdecisionsforothers,andwillseekworkthatfitstheirneeds.Thismayhelpexplainwhy

youngerchildrentendtofavorthecreativefieldssuchasmusic,art,andwriting.Laterchildrenmaymakegood

sellersbecausepersuasionmayhavebeentheonlytooltheyhadtodealwitholderchildren.Youngerchildrentend

toremainforever"thebaby'*enjoyabletobearound,butattimestoodependentonothers.

(1)Theunderlinedword"overbearingHinthefirstparagraphmeans.

A.tryingtomakeotherpeopleobeywithoutregardfortheirideasorfeelings

B.beingunabletoexpresswhatonereallyfeelsortodowhatonereallywants

C.favoringtheestablishedorderofsocietyandnotlikingchange

D.changingeasilytoadapttonewneeds,conditionsorideas

(2)Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatayoungerchildismorelikelytobeagood.

A.librarian

B.doctor

C.writer

D.teacher

(3)Laterchildrenmaybecomegoodsellersbecausethey.

A.feeluneasywhenmakingdecisionsforotherpeople

B.areverygoodatpersuadingothers

C.havegreatambitiontodevelopleadership

D.aremorerelaxedandsociable

(4)What*sthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.WhichIsBetter：BeingtheEldestortheYoungest?

B.BirthOrderFactorinMarriage

C.TheRelationbetweenBirthOrderandJobSuccess

D.EffectsofBirthOrderonOne*sPersonality

4.(2023秋•东台市期末)Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtraceofamountsof

chemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Bystudyingthem,scientistsmightbeable

topiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.

Amolecule(分子)isagroupofatoms.ltrepresentsthesmallestamountofsomechemicals.Yourskinis

coveredinmoleculespickedupbyeverythingyoutouched.Witheachnewthingyourskincontacts,youleave

behindsomesmallshareofwhatit'dtouchedearlier.

ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego(UCSD)recentlystudiedsuchchemicalleftoverson

thephonesof39volunteers.ThestudywasledbybiochemistAminaBouslimani.Toexplorethoseresidues(乘U余

物)，theUCSDteamwipedthesurfaceofeachvolunteersphonewithacottonswab(药签).Thescientistsalso

swabbedeachperson*srighthand.Thentheresearcherscomparedthechemicalsfoundoneachcellphone.

Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythencomparedthosetoadatabaseof

chemicals.PieterDorrestein,aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier,

whichcontainsvarioussubstances,includingspices,caffeineandmedicines.

Tracesofeverythingfromhundredstothousandsofdifferentmoleculesturneduponeachphone.The

moleculessuggestedwhathadbeeninthebody,andwhateachpersonhadhandledbeforetouchingthe

phone.Fromallthesemolecules,Bouslimanisays,"Wecouldtellifapersonislikelyfemale,useshigh-end

cosmetics(化妆品)，colorsherhair,drinkscoffee,prefersbeeroverwineorlikesspicyfood."

Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorrestein

says,he*sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneresiduestonarrowdownbehaviourcluestosearchforasuspect.But

detectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.

(1)Bystudyingtheresiduesonthephone,wecanconcludeitsuser*s.

A.personality

B.lifestyle

C.appearance

D.intelligence

(2)Whatwasthefirstthingtheresearchershadtodoforthestudy?

A.Comparingdifferentchemicals.

B.Hiringvolunteerswithcellphones.

C.Collectingdifferentkindsofphones.

D.Buildingadatabasecontainingchemicals.

(3)What*stheauthor*sattitudetowardstheapplicationoftheresearchfinding?

A.Doubtful.

B.Disappointed.

C.Positive.

D.Uninterested.

(4)Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CellPhonesWillBeUsedinMoreFields.

B.MoleculesAreUsedtoSearchforIllegalDrugs.

C.YourPhoneMayBeHometoVariousChemicals.

D.FingersLeaveCluesAboutYouonYourPhone.

三.信息匹配(共1小题)

5.(2022•南京模拟)MarsistrulyafascinatingplanetforthoseofushereonEarth.(1)Itisabouthalf

asbigasEarthandisoftenreferredtoastheRedPlanetbecauseofitsredsurface.

TheRedPlanethasthelargestvolcanointhesolarsystem-OlympusMons.(2)That'saboutthree

timestheheightofMountQomolangma.

Marsalsohasanatmosphere,butitisverythinandmadeupmostlyofcarbondioxide.Becauseofitsthin

atmosphereandgreaterdistancefromtheSun,MarsismuchcolderthanEarth.(3)Theduststormsof

Marscangrowsobigthatsometimestheyblankettheentireplanetandlastformonths.ThepolesonMarsarea

lotlikeAntarctica,cappedbyice,butmuchofMars*siceismadefromcarbondioxide,notwater.

ScientistsbelievethatstudyingMarscanhelpanswersomeofthekeyquestionsaboutourplanetEarth,or

eventheuniverse.

(4)Since1960,morethanhalfofallattemptedMarsmissionshavefailed.TheUSA,Russia,

theEuropeanSpaceAgency,andseveralothercountrieshavelostmanyspacecraftintheirquesttoexplorethe

RedPlanet.Nevertheless,theywillstillcontinuetheirexplorations.Chineseexpertsareconfidentabouttheirplan

toexploreMars,inspiteofthemanychallenges.ThefirstMarsunmannedspacecraftwaslaunchedfrom

Wenchangaround2O2O.Butitisonlythebeginningofdeepvoyagesintoouterspace.(5)

A.Itisroughly27kilometreshigh.

B.MissionstoMarshaveneverbeeneasy.

C.Mars,however,todayhasnoactivevolcanoes.

D.Thetemperatureattheplanet*ssurfacevarieswidely.

E.However,Marsdoeshaveweather,withcloudsandwinds.

F.Chinawillcontinuetoexplorethemysteriesoftheuniverse.

G.Itisoneofthefewplanetsthatwecanseewithourowneyes.

四.语法填空（共1小题）

6.(2023秋•揭东区期末)Withtherapidextinctionofmanywildspecies,moreandmorepeoplecometorealize

thegreatimportanceofwildlifeprotection.

Wehavetounderstandtheproblemin(1)newlight：weprotectourselvesthroughprotecting

wildlife.Ontheonehand,anyspeciesofwildlifehelpstokeeptheecologicalbalance(生态平衡).(2)

onespeciesbecomesextinct,itwilldisappearforever.Whatismore,itwillresult(3)theextinction

ofachainofwildlife,whichmayleadtounpredictabledisasters.Ontheotherhand,themodernscienceand

technologymakes(4)possibleforustolearnmoreaboutwildlife.Bynow,scientists(5)

(find)thatwildlifehasunknowngeneticcodes(遗传密码)，whichmayturnout(6)(free)

humanbeingsfromseriousdiseasesand(7)(nature)disastersinthefuture.

Itisnecessaryforustoprotectwildlife(8)(immediate)beforeitistoolate,although

manhasalreadypollutedtheenvironmentandthreatenedthe(9)(exist)ofmanywildspecies.

Let'stakeactiontoprotectwildlife.(10)(learn)toliveinharmonywithallwildlifeispartof

moderncivilization.

五.翻译题(共5小题)

7.(2024•崇明区二模)毫无疑问，这个历史小镇已成为了很多游客追捧的旅游胜地。(doubt)

8.(2024•徐汇区一模)与我个人的成长经历相比，这个西北小村庄的发展更加令人感动。(compare)_

9.(2024春・电白区校级期中)ItwasagoodconcertandIenjoyedthelastsong(尤

其，特别).

10.(2023秋•西城区期末)以前他们经常一起去爬山。(usedto)

11.(2023秋•无锡期末)均衡的饮食和有规律的生活对我们的健康至关重要。(beofvitalimportanceto)

六.书面表达(共2小题)

12.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Thehobbyisagoodthingapersongetsfromchildhood.ltcanbedevelopedatanyage；however,it'sbestto

getitfromchildhood.Wealldosomekindofworkaccordingtoourinterestwhichcangiveushappinessandjoy

andthatiscalledhobbies.Somepeoplegetdifferenthobbiesaccordingtotheirinterest,likesanddislikes.

Therearemanytypesofhobbieswecandevelopsuchasdancing,singing,drawing,playingindooror

outdoorgames,birdwatching,writing,eating,reading,sports,gardening,music,watchingTV,cooking,

talking.Ourhobbieshelpusinearningalivelihoodandmakingasuccessfulcareer.Thehobbyissomethingwe

canfullyenjoyinourfreetime.

Myhobbiesarecooking,listeningtomusicandgardening；however,Ialwaysprefergardening.Gardening

makesmerelaxedandgivesmemorehappiness.EveryearlymorningIenjoymybloominggarden,growingplants

slowlyonadailybasis.Ialsoenjoysunriseandsunsetinmygarden.!generallyliketodomyschoolworkinmy

evergreengarden.!playbadmintonwithmyfatherintheeveningandenjoytheeveningwalkwithmymom.Every

dayIwatchnewplantsdevelopandwatertheplants.!alsotryplantingnewanddecorativeplantsinmygardenin

ordertomakeitmorebeautiful.

Myparentsalwaysencouragemetocontinueallmyhobbies.TheybecomesohappywhenItakemy

problemsinaneasywayandtrytosolvethemwithoutgettingangryandanxious.Mymomsaysthatgardeningis

agoodhobby.FrommychildhoodIworkdailyinmygardenforonehourtokeepitwellmaintained.

13.（2023秋•涟源市校级期末）In1989,freshoutofhighschool,Ihadthedifficulttaskofchoosingacareer

pathbeforecollegestartedinthreemonths.InthosedaysinPakistan,therewerelimitedoptions：becominga

doctororanengineer,orenteringthefinancialworldaftergettingabusinessdegree.Iwasn'tinterestedin

engineering,sothatIwasleftwithmedicineorbusiness.Icouldn'tdecide.

Myuncle,aninfluentialpersoninthefamily,suggestedthatIdoaworkplacementtoexperienceitfora

monthinaninternationalcompanyfollowedbyamonthinahospital.Afterthat,Icouldmakeadecision.lt

seemedlikeabrilliantidea.

Iwasacceptedforamonth*splacementataforeignbankinKarachi.!gotafeelforhowtheworldoffinance

functioned,madenewfriends,andgenerallyenjoyedthemostlyeasy-goingworksurroundings.

Themonthpassedrapidly,andsoonIbeganworkingataleadinghospitalinKarachi.Theexperiencecouldn't

havebeenmoredifferent.Thehospitalhadanintenseenvironment.Thedaysstartedearly（at7am,comparedto9

amatthebank）,andwerefilledwithendlessduties.Andthenightcalls!Thiswascrazy,workingallday,through

thenight,andagainthenextday.

Ibeganthinkingaboutmytwoexperiences.Thebankhadofferedamorerelaxingatmosphere,betterworking

hoursandlessstress.Thehospitalwasfullofexcitementandunpredictability,butthestudyingandtrainingwas

difficult.ltseemedthatthebusinessoptionwasgoingtowinout.

Neartheendofmymonthatthehospital,Iwasdrivinghomeafteranespeciallybusynightcall.Infrontof

mewasapublicbus,withcollegestudentssittingonthetop.Asthedriverweavedthrough（穿梭）traffic,I

couldseetheboysshakingfromsidetoside.

Paragraph1：

Suddenly,aboyfelloffthebackofthebus.

Paragraph2：

Thenextday,whenIwenttohospitaltoseetheboy,allhisfamilygotup,withgratefulsmilesontheir

faces.

2024-2025学年外研社版高二（上）英语寒假作业（十一）

参考答案与试题解析

完形填空(共1小题)

1.(2022秋•仁寿县校级期末)MywifeandImovedintoourhometwoyearsago.Wehadayardwithalotof

(1)D.Veryoftenwhenwehaveflowers,DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocks,justtoadd

some(2)Ctothearea.

Lastsummer,IfoundatinylittleplantintheyardthatIcouldnotimmediatelyidentify.IknewIdidn'tplant

itandDenisesaidshedidn*teither.

Wedecidedtoletit(3)Bgrowinguntilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas.

WeekspassedandasImademywaybacktothe(4)Bplant,itappearedtobeasunflower.Idecided

to(5)Ctheweeds(杂草)aroundit.AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,Inoticedsomething

(6)A.Thesunflowerhadnot(7)BwhereIsawitbegin.Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockand

grownunderandaroundittoreachthe(8)C•

That*swhenI(9)Bthatifatinylittlesunflowerdidn*tletabigrockstandinitswayofdeveloping,we

toohavetheabilityofdoingthesamething.Ifwe(10)Dourselveslikethatlittlesunflower,wecanreach

wherewe(11)Ctogoandgetwhatweneedforgrowth.

Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowingwehavethe(12)Ctoachieveourgoals.Likethesunflower,

itknewithadtheabilitytogetovertherocksbecauseithad(13)Ainitselfthatitwouldsucceed.Standtall

likethesunflowerandbe(14)Cofwhoandwhatweare,andthentheenvironmentwillbeginto(15)_B

us.Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundany"rocks"inordertoreachourgoals.

(1)A.flowerB.insectsC.vegetablesD.rocks

(2)A.waterB.fertilizerC.colorD.shape

(3)A.stopB.continuec.improveD.escape

(4)A.weakB.strangec.lonelyD.pretty

(5)A.collectB.tendc.removeD.watch

(6)A.unusualB.wonderfulc.terribleD.valuable

(7)A.passedB.startedC.leftD.died

(8)A.airB.topC.sunD.house

(9)A.hopedB.realizedC.doubtedD.regretted

(10)A.fillinB.putinC.worryaboutD.believein

(11)A.forgetB.hateC.aimD.wait

(12)A.wishB.planC.abilityD.idea

(13)A.faithB.energyC.virtueD.courage

(14)A.awareB.afraidC.proudD.tired

(15)A.forgiveB.supportC.upsetD.affect

【答案】(1)-(5)DCBBC(6)-(10)ABCBD(11)-(15)CCACB

【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过介绍自己院子里面顽强生长的向日葵悟出一个道理：如果我

们相信自己，我们可以克服一切困难。

【解答】(1)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.flower花；B.insects昆虫;C.vegetables蔬菜;D.rocks岩石。

句意：我们有一个院子，院子里有很多石头。从下一句话"DeniseorIwouldplantsomebetweentherocksn

可知院子里有很多石头。所以选D。

(2)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.water水；B.fertilizer肥料；C.color颜色；D.shape形状。句意：只是

为了给这个区域增加一些颜色。种一些花朵为了给院子增添一些色彩。所以选C.

(3)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.stop停止；B.continue继续；C.improve提高；D.escape逃跑。句意：

我们决定让它继续生长，直到我们能弄清楚它是什么。从后文"untilwecouldfindoutwhatitwas”可知作

者想让它继续生长。所以选B。

(4)B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.weak虚弱的；B.strange奇怪的；C.kmely孤单的；D.pretty漂亮的。

句意：几个星期过去了，当我返回到那株奇怪的植物时，它看起来是一株向日葵。到目前为止作者还不

知道它究竟是一种什么植物，所以选B。

(5)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.collect收集；B.tend照顾；C.remove去除；D.watch观察。句意：我决

定清除它周围的杂草。从下文的"AsIpulledrocksfromtheareatogettotheweeds,”可知作者要除草。

所以选C。

(6)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.unusual不寻常的；B.wonderful精彩的；C.terrible可怕的；D.valuable

有价值的。句意：当我把石头从这个地区移到杂草上的时候，我注意到一些不寻常的事情。从下文可知，

向日葵并没有生长在我最开始发现它的位置，这件事是不寻常的。所以选A。

(7)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.passed通过；B.started开始；C.left离开；D.died死。句意：向日葵并

没有在我看到它开始的地方开始生长。根据Itactuallyhadbegununderabigrockandgrownunderand

aroundittoreachthe8.可知向日葵并没有生长在我最开始发现它的位置,start表示“开始生长”。所以选B。

(8)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.air空气；B.top顶端；C.sun阳光；D.house房子。句意：它实际上是

从一块大石头下面开始的，在石头下面和周围生长，以接触到阳光。向日葵是朝向太阳生长的。所以选

Co

(9)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.hoped希望；B.realized意识到；C.doubted怀疑；D.regretted后悔。句

意：就在那时，我意识到，如果-株小小的向日葵不让一块大石头挡住它成长的道路，我们也有能力做

同样的事情。以下是作者意识到的内容，通过这件事情获得的人生感悟。所以选B。

(10)D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.fillin填写；B.putin放入；C.worryabout担心；D.believein相信。

句意:如果我们像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己,我们就能达到我们的目标,得到我们成长所需要的东西。

作者认为如果我们也能像这株向日葵一样充满信心，与下文的"Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowing

wehavethetoachieveourgoals,”相呼应。所以选Do

(11)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.hate讨厌；C.aim旨在；D.wait等待。句意：如果我们

像那棵小向日葵一样相信自己，我们就能达到我们的目标，得到我们成长所需要的东西。最后一段作

者提至『Wewillfindawaytogounderoraroundany"rocks'*inordertoreachourgoals."所以是达到我们

的目标。所以选C。

(12)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.wish希望；B.plan计戈lj；(Lability能力;D.idea主意。句意:我们需

要相信自己，知道我们有能力实现我们的目标。havetheabilitytodosth.表示有能力做某事，下文"itknew

ithadtheabilitytogetovertherocks”有提示可知，我们有能力实现我们的目标。所以选Co

(13)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.faith信念；B.energy能量；C.virtue美德;D.courage勇气。句意：就

像向日葵一样，它知道自己有能力越过岩石，因为它相信自己会成功。havefaithin相信，与前文提到

的“Weneedtobelieveinourselvesknowingwehavethetoachieveourgoals.”相呼应。所以选A。

(14)C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware意识到的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud骄傲的；D.tired疲倦的。

句意：像向日葵一样挺直腰杆，为自己感到骄傲，然后环境就会开始支持我们。像向日葵一样挺拔，

为自己而感到自豪。所以选C。

(15)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.forgive原谅；B.support支持；C.upset打乱；D.affect影响。句意：像

向日葵一样挺直腰杆，为自己感到骄傲，然后环境就会开始支持我们。周围的环境和事物也会开始对我

们有所帮助。所以选B。

【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽,综合难度不断提高。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，

才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考

虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，

用词得当，意思正确。

二.阅读理解（共3小题）

2.（2024•湖南学业考试）Riversareveryimportant.Humansrelyonthemforfoodandwater.Butriverscan

destroythings,too.Theycanflood,orriseovertheirbanks,makingthewaterrunintothenearbyland.Floods

canalsokillhumansandwildlife.However,floodsarenotalwaysbad.Someecosystemsneedthemeveryonce

inawhile.

Floodingcannotonlydrownanimalsbutalsodestroyhabitats.Forexample,afloodinIndiain2012killed

manyone-hornedrhinos.Floodwaterscanpickupdirtfromriverbanks,whichmakesthewaterdirty.Toomuch

dirtwillclogriversandstreams,preventingtheriverfromflowing.Sometimesfloodwaterscancarrypollution

totheseaandharmmarinelife.Inaddition,floodwaterscancarrydisease,includinghepatitisAandcholera.

However,noteverythingaboutfloodsisbad.Sometimestheybringnewlifetoecosystems.Floodwaters

carrynutrientstothenearbyland.Overtime，thewaterdriesupandleavesbehindparticles（微粒）ofdirtand

mud.Theparticlesarecalledsediment（沉淀物）whichcanbegoodduetoitsabilitytoimprovethedirtandhelps

plantsgrow.Floodsareimportanttosomeanimalsaswell.Forinstance,someanimalsseefloodsasasignthatitis

timetomateormigrate.Floodsleavesedimentonriverbedswherebabyfishcangrowandcarrynutrientsfor

smallanimalsinthewatertoeat.Moreover,indryseasons,watermightdryup,butfloodshelprefillthewetlands,

keepingtheecosystemgoing.

Floodsareapartofnature.Theycandestroylivingthingsandtheenvironment.Butsomeecosystemsneed

floodstosurvive.

（1）What*sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword"clog"inparagraph2?C

A.Become.

B.Pollute.

C.Block.

D.Develop.

（2）Howdofloodshelpecosystems?A

A.Nutrientscarriedbyfloodscanmakesoilricher.

B.Floodsmakealltheanimalsmigratemoreeasily.

C.Tinyfishgoingwithfloodsfeedsomeanimals.

D.Floodscanimprovethedirtandhelpplantsgrow.

（3）What*sthemainideaofparagraph3?B

A.Thewayinwhichfloodsfeedanimals.

B.Thebenefitsoffloodstoecosystems.

C.Aneffectivemeansofimprovingsoil.

D.Thereasonforpeople'sappreciatingfloods.

（4）What'sthebesttitleofthisarticle?D

A.TheManyEffectsofFlooding.

B.TheSecretofFlooding.

C.Floods-NotEverythingIsSoBad.

D.Flo