大学英语六级模拟试卷48

大学英语六级模拟试卷48

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicAn

AwardSpeech.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andbaseyourcompositiononthe

outlinegiveninChinesebelow:1.向环境保护组委会表示感谢2.交待自己从事的

防护林建设和治沙工作，并与同事分享“环保之星”的奖牌3.表达自己今后的决心

AnAwardSpeech

标准答案：AnAwardSpeechThereisnogreaterhonorformethantoacceptthis

awardtoday.IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetotheEnvironmental

ProtectionCommitteemembersforgivingmethisopportunity

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

StudyStylesYouknowwhetheryou'reamorningpersonoranightowl.Youknow

whetheryouYcapickycaterofahumangarbagepail.Butdoyouknowifyoulearn

betterbyreadingorbyhearing?...ifyou'vesurvivedschoolsofar,youalreadyhavesome

sortofstudyroutine—forbetterorforworse.Weaskedstudentsalloverthecountryfbr

thelowdownontheirmethodsofoperations,andalsocollectedsomehard-wonadvice.

Seeifyoucanrecognizeyourownpersonalstudymethodinthelistbelowandlearnhow

tostudyeffectively.TheDreamerYoumaysayyou'restudying.Youmayevenlooklike

you'restudying.Butyourmindisintheclouds.Yourtestperformanceseldomreflects

thoselonghoursyouspentatyourdesk,almoststudying;Kim,fromMontreal,says,"

WhenIgottothelibrary,Iendupsittingthereandpcoplc-watching."Cindy,from

Lafayette,Pennsylvania,says:"Personally,Itendtowriteeverythingdownonflashcards

soIcanquizmyselflater.EveryoneelsethinksthatI'llace（成绩为A）theexam,but

sometimesIfindmyselfspendingsomuchtimewritingdowneverylittledetailthat[

don'thavetimetoactuallystudy."Warning:ffyouspendalldaypretendstudying,you'll

payallnightcrammingforreal.（Whatawasteofsocializingtime!）Thisyear'sresolution:

Stayontargetbysettinggoals（LikcfourchaptersbyWednesday）andaskingyourfriends

totestyou.Also,tuneintoyourinterests:Ifyoufindyourselfdrawingelaboratedoodles

inthemarginswhenyou'resupposedtobeanalyzingShakespeare,takedrawingclasses

andsnapoutofyourdaydream.TheGrindOnelookatyoursockdrawer,

meticulously（非常细心地）arrangedinrainboworder,suggestscontrol-freaktendencies.

Youneverfailtodoafixedamountofstudyingeachevening—andyourgoodgrades

showit.Youcautiouslyplotacoursetoconqueranunrulyassignment,andyourarely

breakyourroutine.Gretchen,fromChicago,describesherhard-coremethod:"I

completelyorganizeallofmynotes.Then,beforeIdoanythingelse,Iplanoutexactly

howmanyhoursI'mgoingtostudyandhowlongIamgoingtotakebreaks.Thisway,I

alwaysstayontask.IreadthroughmynotesandthenhighlightthethingsIdon'tknow

well,tocommitthemtomemory."Butshe'snotdoneyet]"ThenIreadmyassignments

againandtakenotesandstudythesenotesthesamewayIstudiedmyclassnotes."

Whew,Sarah,fromScarsdale,NewYork,alsoconsidersherselfaworkerbee."Iplanmy

worksothatthere'ssomerhingIhavetodoeverynightoftheweek.Butwhenthere'sa

test,I'lldoallmyassignmentsbeforetryingtodoanoverview.Studyingcomeslast

becauseI'llwaituntilthelastminutetoeventrytoconcentratingonsomethingwithso

littlestructure."Warning:Whileyourself-disciplinewillserveyouwellincollege(orthe

military),youmightwanttoaddmoreinspirationtoyourperspiration.Noamountof

memorization,orcolorcodingyournotebookswillhelpyouwriteanoriginal,opinionated

essay—andyou'llbewritingplenty.Thisyear'sresolution:Varyyourroutineandthink

aboutyourowninsightsmore.Afterreadinganassignment,tryclosingyoureyesand

recallingwhatyoufoundinterestingbeforebucklingdownwithyourimpeccablenotes.

Andifyou'vegotahalfhourtospareinyourstudyschedule,trysomethingmessyand

creative,likewritingapoem.TheSocialStudicrYou'rethekindwholearnsoutloud.

Youyakyourwaytoenlightenment,sostudybuddiesareamust.Inschool,you

remembermorefromhearingthelecturesthanfromdoingthereading.Roberta,from

Princeton,NewJersey,says:"IwenttoastudycounselortofindoutthatIlearnbestby

listening.It*strue:UntilIhearsome-thingoutloud,it'snotreallyrealtome.WhenI'm

studyingandIdon'tunderstandsomethinginourtextbook,I'llcallmyfriendstogetthe

scoop."Amy,fromEastLansing,Michigan,says:"Sometimesabunchofusgotothe

library'afterschool.It'salotmorefuninagroup,andwhen...it'sfun,ithelpsmestayon

track.IfI'mtoobored,chancesareIwon'tlearnanything."Warning:Setgroundrulesfro

yourstudypartysoyoudon'tuseyourfriendsasexcusesnottostudy.Limityourgroup

tofriendswhoknowthisismorethanachatfest.(Yourslackerpalswillbemorefunto

partywithpost-examthantostrugglewithpre-test.)TheCrammerYouslackofffor

weeks,untilthenightbeforetheexam.Thenyoustillfindreasonstodawdle:Gottabrew

apotofcoffee,and——Wait!Youfavoritemugismissing!Finallytheadrenalinestarts

pumping.Timetostudytriple-time.Whenyou'restartledawakeat4a.m.withtextbook

crease(皱折)marksonyourface,youresolvetodoitdifferentlynexttime.Butnexttime

rollsaround,andyou'reinthesamelamesituation.Sara,formHammonton,NewJersey,

isaclassiccrammer:"Mystudyhabitsareterrible!Iusuallystartstudyingabout11p.in.

andgountilmyeyesaresealedshut.ThenIwakeuppanickedandwhipoutmy

notebookagainonthebus."Christina,fromCambridge,Massachusetts,says:"I'llalways

waituntilthelastminutetostudy.It'slikeIneedtogetmyselfintopanicmodeto

buckle(扣住)down.OtherwiseIstareintospacewithmybookinmylap.Butassoonas

Istartstudying,IrealizethatIcouldhavedonereallywell,ifonlyhadmorelime..."Too

late.Warning:Thehoursaftermidnightaren'tenoughtimetogetallyourworkdoneor

studyasemester'sworthofstuff.Andgettingreadyfor"Reserve"readings,whereyou

andthewholeclasshavetoshareonebookonholdatthelibrary.Youwon'thavethe

optionofdoingitALAP(aslateaspossible).Thisyear'sresolution:Improveyourgrades

byaddingcasualstudysessionsbeforeyouhithigh-stressmode.Bringyourbooks

outsideortoyourfavoritecafeandskimthematerial.Youmaystillgetthemostdone

whenthepressure'son,butatleastyou'llknowwheretoturntomakeyourcramming

moreefficient.TheGrade-Grubber（孜孜不倦的人）Haveyounodignity?Don'tyouhear

thesnickersbehindyourhackeverytimeyouask,"Butwillitbeonthetest?"Maybe

yourfearoffailingisstrongerthanyourloveoflearning,andthat'swhyyoutrytopsych

outtheteacherordownrightcheat.Katie,fromColdSpringHarbor,NewYork,says:"I

knewplentyofkidswhoreliedonoldexamsfrompeoplewho'dtakenthatclassbefore.

Nottoincriminatemyself,butonceimadephotocopiesoftheteacher'sanswerwhenhe

wasabsent.Thetestwastaken-borne,soIsharedtheanswerkeywiththewholeclass,

andweeachchangedonortwoanswerstomakeitalittlelesssuspicious.Idon'tknow

what1wasthinking.HadIbeencaught,Itcouldhavebeengroundsfordismissal."

Warning:Collegeclassesarenottheplacetograde-grub.You'llwasteyourtimeifyou're

focusedonpleasingtheprofessor,notlearningthestuff.Besides,yourcollegeinstructors

willwanttohearyoubrilliantlyexpoundonthematerial,notparrotherwordsback.This

year'sresolution:Growoutofit.Putyourcommonsensetoworkanddecidewhat'sthe

mostimportantmaterial.That'sprobablywhat'sonthetest.

2、Themainpurposeoftheauthoristointroducetostudentshowtohaveaneffective

study.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题考查文章主旨。根据题眼定位到首段末句Seeifyoucan

recognizeyourownpersonalstudymethodinthelistbelowandleamhowtostudy

effectively.这句话点出了整篇文章的主题，即请学生辨别自己的学习模式，然后根

据文章建议进行有效学习。题干观点与原文一致。

3、TheDreamertypeneverspendslonghoursinfrontofadesk.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题眼定位到分标题TheDreamer部分，文章第二段第四句Yourtest

performanceseldomreflectsthoselonghoursyouspentatyourdesk.（你考试的成绩彳艮

难反映出你花在书桌前的大量时间。）可知，梦幻型学习方式的人也会花大量的时

间学习。原文与题干内容不符。

4、Dreamersarenotefficientandoftenenduphavingtocramforexams.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由题眼定位到第三段首句Ifyouspendalldaypretendstudying,you,ll

payallnigh【crammingforreal.（如果你整个白天假装学习，那你就得襄晚埋头苦学

了。）由此可判断，梦幻型学习者最终得用功学习才能应付考试。与原文内容相符

入口O

5、Therearemoregrindsinmilitarycollegesthaninothercolleges.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由题眼定位到TheGrind部分，第五段首句Whileyourself-discipline

willserveyouwellincollcgc（orthemilitary）,youmightwanttoaddmoreinspiration

loyourperspiralion.（虽然你的自律使你在大学（或安队中）表现良好，但也许你还想

为自己的辛勤努力增添一些灵感创造的色彩。）由此可知，本部分内容并没有提及

军事学院和普通学院的比较问题。题干内容与原文不符。

6、itisimpracticaltowriteanoriginalessayjustWiththehelpof.

标准答案：memorizationorcolorcodingofnotebooks

知识点解析：由题眼定位到第五.段第二句Noamountofmemorization,or

colorcodingyournotebookswillhelpyouwriteanoriginal,opinionatedessay.（大量

的记忆或在课本上勾勾画画并不能帮你写出具有见解独特观点突出的文章.）答案

容易得出，填空时对表达作相应的变化即可。

7、Socialsludierslearnbetterbythanbyreading.

标准答案:hearingthelectures

知识点解析：山题眼定位到theSocialStudier部分，第六段第三句Inschool,you

remembermoreformhearingthelecturesthanfromdoingthereading.（在学校，你通

过听讲座比读讲义记得要多。）由此可判断，对于社交学习者而言，通过听讲座比

通过读要学得好。

8、Foranexam,thecrammeralwayschoosetowaituntil.

标准答案：thelastminutetostudy

知识点解析：由题眼定位到TheCrammer部分，第八段倒数第四句中，作者在介

绍考前用功的学习方式时引用了一名学生现身说法malwayswaituntilthelast

minutetostudy.（我总是要到最后一刻才去学习。）答案便可得出。

9、Crammerscanimprovetheirgradesbyaddinginformalbeforethe

overwhelmingpressureison.

标准答案：studysessions

知识点解析：根据题眼定位到第九段，第四句对考前用功者的忠告：Improveyour

gradesbyaddingcasualstudysessionsbeforeyouhithigh-stressmode.（在高压来|缶之

前采取增加非正式学习课时的方式来提高成绩。）题干中的informal是对原文casual

的解释。

10、Tograde-grubbers,theyhavemorefearoffailingthan.

标准答案：loveoflearning

知识点解析：由题眼定位到分标题TheGrade-Grubber部分，原文第十段第三句

Maybeyourfearoffailingisstrongerthanyourloveoflearning.（你对考试不及格的

恐惧超过你对学习的热爱。）由此可得出答案。

11、Collegeinstructorsdon'tlikethosestudentswhoonlyrepeat.

标准答案：theirwords

知识点解析：由题眼定位到文章末段第三句，yourcollegeinstructorswillwantto

hearyoubrilliantlyexpoundonthematerial,notparrotherwordsback.（你的大学老

师希望聆听你对学习材料精彩睿智的剖析而不是鹦鹉学舌照搬老师的讲解。）题干

中repeat是对原文parrol（鹦鹉学舌）的同义转述。

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题7.0分，共8分。）

12、

A^OutstandingteacherslikeProfessorJohnsonarerare.

B、ProfessorJohnsonhaswonamilliondollarsasanaward.

C、ProfessorJohnsonislikelytogetthebenefitsfromtheschool.

D^TherearemanyteachersasgoodasProfessorJohnson.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W：ThisschoolisluckytohaveateacherasgoodasProf.Helen

Johnson.M：Sheisoneinamillion.We'veallbenefitedfromwhatsheimpartedto

us.1wishIcouldhavetakenmorecoursessheteaches.Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?

13、

A^Itwasmisleading.

B、Itwasratherboring.

C>Ilwasenjoyable.

D^Itwasjustso-so.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：W：Michael,didyougotothelectureontheFrenchRevolutionIasi

night?Ihaveneverheardsuchaninterestinghistorylecturebefore.M：Yes,wasn'tit

marvelous!Itissaidthelecturerisaself-taughtmanwithnouniversityeducation.ButI

thinkheismuchbetterthanmanyofourprofessors!Q：Whatdidthemanthinkofthe

lecture?

14、

A、Shehastochangethetimeforthetrip.

Shehasn'tdecidedwheretogonextmonth.

C、Shecan'taffordthetimeforthetrip.

D、Shewillmanagetoleavethismonth.

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：M：You^egoingtomakeatriptoSanFrancisco,aren'tyou?W：

Yes.ButIhaven'tgottheplaneticketyet.I'mthinkingofpostponingthetriptonext

monthsincethisisthebusiestmonthfortheairlines.Q：Whatdoweknowaboutthe

womanfromthisconversation?

15、

A、Theapartmentisbetterfurnished.

B、Thewomanpreferstoliveinaquietplace.

C、It'slessexpensivetoliveinanapartment.

D^Thewoman'sroommateishardtogetalongwirh.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：M：Ihearyouaremovingtoanewapartment.Canyoutellmewhy?

W：Actually,Ididn'twanttomove.Itwouldbemoreexpensivetoliveoutsidethe

college.ButIjustcan'tbearthenoisemadebypeoplelivingnextdoor.Q：Whatcan

weinferfromtheconversation?

16、

A^Athome.

Inatelephonebooth.

C^Atameeting.

D、Inthehospital.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：M：Pleaseholdtheline,Mrs.Smith.Thedoctorwilltalktoyouina

minute.W：I'mafraidImayhavetohangup.Idon'thaveanymorecoinsandthe

linewillbecutsoon.IthinkIwouldcallbackassoonasIarrivehome.Q：Whereis

Mrs.Smithmostprobably?

17、

A、Customerandsalesperson.

B、Teacherandstudent.

C、Bossandsecretary.

D、Guestandwaitress.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：M：Pleasemake20copiesofthisanddeliverthemtothechiefexecutive

andheadsofdepartments.Ihopetheycanreviewitfirstbeforetheformal

meeting.W：Certainly,sir.Theywillfinditontheirdeskstomorrowmorning.Q：

Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

18、

A、Hedidn'tbuyanythingwhileTommyboughtalot

B、Hegotsomemedicineforhishurtingfool.

C>Hetwistedhisfootandcouldn'tgoshopping.

D、Heboughteverythingexceptthestorybook.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：W：DidyouandTommygoshoppingthisafternoontogether?M：Yes,

heseemedtohaveboughtastorehome,butallIgotv/asasorefoot.Idon'tknow,

andperhapsitwasnotmyday.Q：Whatdoesthemanmean?

19、

A、Shedidn'texpectherdaughtertosingsowell.

B、Shesingsbetterthanherdaughter.

C、Shedoesn'tlikeherdaughtersinging.

D、Sheherselfdoesn'thaveagoodvoice.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：M：Iheardyourdaughtersingattheschoolconcertlastnight.Shehasa

lovelyvoice.Imustsay.W：Thankyou,lotsofpeoplesaidsotoherdadalso,butI

don^knowwhereshegetsit.Q：Whatdoesthewomanprobablymean?

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A^Whichcountryshouldbeallowedtohavenuclearweapons.

B、Thetimefortheirnextcoffeeappointment.

C、Whetheritismeaningfultogoto,thedemonstration.

D^Thebusarrangementtoandfromthecampus.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatdothetwospeakersmainlydisagreeupon?

21、

A、Sheisdeterminednottogetinvolvedasothers.

B、Sheisworriedmoreaboutherstudythananythingelse.

C>Sheisalittleangrywiththeman'sarrangement.

D、Sheisnotveryinterestedinpoliticalscience.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Howdocsthewomanreacttotheman'spersuasion?

22、

A、Topersuadehertotaketheschoolbuswithhim.

B、Toaskforherhelpinphysicsexamination.

C、Tofindoutherattitudetowarddemonstrations.

D、Topersuadehertotakepartinthedemonstration.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatistheman'spurposeintalkingwiththewoman?

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A^Helpherpreparethepresentation.

Giveherextratimetofinishthereport.

C>Givehersomeadviceondoingthereport.

D^HandinherreportnextWednesday.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatdoesthewomanwantthemailtodo?

24、

A、Theprofessorwilloftenextendthetimelimitforassignments.

B、Thestudentswillgainextrascoresforhandinginassignmentsaheadoftime.

C、Theprofessorwillpenalizelightlyforlateassignments.

D、Thestudentswilllosescoresbythedayforlateassignments.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:Whatkindofpolicydocstheprofessoihavefbiabsi^ninciils?

25、

A、Sympathetic.

B、Skeptical.

C、Grateful.

D、Indifferent.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Whatwastheprofessor^attitudetowardsthestudent'sproblem?

26、

A、Helosteverythingincludinghiscomputer.

B、Hesufferedfromaseriouscaraccident.

C^Hewentabroadtojoinhisfamily.

D、Hewastransferredtoanotherclass.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：WhathappenedtoRobMetcalfwhoseturncanbereplacedbythe

woman?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题1.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Thereisagreatdifferencebetweenreadingandlistening.

B、Thereareeffectivewaystopracticetheproofreadingskill.

C^Highlyeducatedandpoorlyeducatedpeoplehavedifferentreadinghabits.

D、Thespeedandefficiencyofreadingdependoncontentsandpurposes.

标准答案：D

知识点解析:Whatideadoesthespeakermainlywanttoconvey?

28、

A、Tooslowforadifficultbookthoughjustrightforanon-seriousone.

B、looslowtoranon-senousbookbuttoofasttoradifficultone.

C、Toofastfordifficultmaterialthoughjustrightforanon-seriousbook.

D、Toofastforanon-seriousbookaswellasadifficultone.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatistypicalofinefficientreadersintermsofreadingspeed?

29、

A^Ignoringthegeneralmeaningofthetext.

B、Payinglittleattentiontotheprintingmistakes.

C、Pursuingathoroughunderstandingofthetext.

D、Caringmuchaboutthespellingofwords.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdoesproofreadingrequire?

30、

A、Thequickeritvibrates,thegreaterthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

Thesloweritvibrates,thehigherthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

C>Thequickeritvibrates,thelowerthefrequencyofsounditproduces.

D、Thefrequencyofsounditproducesisnotinproportiontothespeedilvibrates.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Whatistherelationshipbetweenthevibrationofanobjectandthe

frequencyofitssound?

31、

A、Thosewithfrequencieslowerthan20hertz.

B、Thosewithfrequenciesabout21,000hertz.

C、Thosewithfrequencieslowerthan20,000hertz.

D^Thosewithfrequencieshigherthan20,000hertz.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：WhatsoundsCanhumanshear?

32、

A、Abatcaughttheinsectinmidairandateit.

B>Dolphin'sclickingsoundsbouncedoffthefishandbacktoit.

C>Apersonheardanechowhenheshoutedintothevalley.

D^Adogheardhisowner'swhistlebecauseheusedultrasound.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Accordingtothespeaker,whatisthephenomenonofecholocation?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

33、

ANWorsethaninthepast.

B、Asbadasinthepast.

C>Notsodangerousasinthepast.

D、Asnecessaryasinthepast.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：Comparedwithwarsinthepast,whatiswarliketoday?

34、

A、Theadoptionofmodernideologiescanstopwar.

Theadoptionofanyideologycouldpreventwar.

C、Theadoptionofsomeideologiescouldpreventwar.

D、Theadoptionofanyideologycan'tstopwar.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdoesthespeakerbelieveaboutideology?

35、

A、Enhancethecontestsofforce.

B、Changepeople'soldmentalhabits.

C、Changepeople'sideologies.

D、Persuademankindtolivewithwar.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whalisthebestwaytopreventwaraccordingtothespeaker?

36、

A、Waristheonlywaytosolveinternationaldisputes.

B、Warwillbelessdangerousbecauseoftheimprovementofweapons.

C、Itisimpossibleforpeopletolivewithoutwar.

D、Warmustbeabolishedffmanwantstosurvive.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：What'sthespeaker'sattitudetowardswar?

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,buthostilespousesmaybeharmfulto

oneanother'shealth.Couplesin(36)marriagestakelongerthanthehappily

marriedtohealfromallkindsofwounds,fromminorscrapesor(37)injuriesto

majorsurgery,suggestsastudyovertheweekend.Andthehealthtolltakenbyastressful

jobseemstobe(38)whentheworkerhasapleasurablehomelife.Thisnew

research,reportedatanAmericanPsychosomaticSocietymeeting,addstogrowing

evidencethatmarriagehasan(39)onhealth.Inthewoundhealingstudy,42

couplesagreedtoletresearchersuseasuction(40)tocreateseveralminorblister

woundsontheirskinintwo(41)abouttwomonthsapart.Thefirsttime,couples

weretoldtodiscussa(42)topic;thenexttimetheyweregivenhalfanhourto

(43)anissueortwoonwhichtheydisagreed.Theirdiscussionsweremonitored.

Researchersalso(44).Theoutcome:"Evenasimplediscussionofa

disagreementslowswoundhealing,"sayspsychologistJaniceKiccoltGlaser,whodidthe

studywithco-authorRonaldGlaserofOhioStateUniversityCollegeofMedicine.

Overall,(45).Hostilecouples-pepperingbothdiscussionswithcriticism,

sarcasmandput-downs—healedtheslowest.Ittookthem40%longer,ortwomoredays,

toheal,andtheyalsoproducedlessoftheproteinslinkedtohealing.(46).

KiecoltGlaseradds."Suchstressbeforesurgerymattersgreatly,"shesays,andtheeffect

couldapplytohealingfromanyinjury.

37、Ahappymarriageapparentlyisgoodmedicine,buthostilespousesmaybeharmful

tooneanother'shealth.Couplesin(36)marriagestakelongerthanthehappily

marriedtohealfromallkindsofwounds,fromminorscrapesor(37)injuriesto

majorsurgery,suggestsastudyovertheweekend.Andthehealthtolltakenbyastressful

jobseemstobe(38)whentheworkerhasapleasurablehomelife.Thisnew

research,reportedatanAmericanPsychosomaticSocietymeeting,addstogrowing

evidencethatmarriagehasan(39)onhealth.Inthewoundhealingstudy,42

couplesagreedtoletresearchersuseasuction(40)tocreateseveralminorblister

woundsontheirskinintwo(41)abouttwomonthsapart.Thefirsttime,couples

weretoldtodiscussa(42)topic;thenexttimetheyweregivenhalfanhourto

(43)anissueortwoonwhichtheydisagreed.Theirdiscussionsweremonitored.

Researchersalso(44).Theoutcome:"Evenasimplediscussionofa

disagreementslowswoundhealing,"sayspsychologistJaniceKiecoltGlaser,whodidthe

studywithco-authorRonaldGlaserofOhioStateUniversityCollegeofMedicine.

Overall,(45).Hostilecouples——pepperingbothdiscussionswithcriticism,

sarcasmandput-downs—healedtheslowest.Ittookthem40%longer,ortwomoredays,

toheal,andtheyalsoproducedlessoftheproteinslinkedtohealing.(46).

KiccoltGlaseradds."Suchstressbeforesurgerymattersgreatly,"shesays,andtheeffect

couldapplytohealingfromanyinjury.

标准答臬：contlict-riddcn

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、

标准答案：athletic

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、

标准答案：eased

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、

标准答案：impact

知识点解析；暂无解析

41、

标准答案：device

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、

标准答案：sessions

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、

标准答案:neutral

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、

标准答案：resolve

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、

标准答案：checkedparticipants'woundsoverthenextfewweeksandtheirproduction

ofthreeproteinscreatedinwoundhealing

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、

标准答案：couplestooklongertohealwhenaskedtothrashoutpointsofconflictthan

neutralissues

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、

标准答案：Theseareminorwoundsandbriefrestrainedencounters.Real-lifemarital

conflictprobablyhasaworseimpact

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题1.0

分，共10分。）

Astudyrevealsthatthebrainareasthatrespondwhenfearislearnedthroughpersonal

experiencearealsotriggeredwhenweseesomeoneelseindistress.Inthestudy,

participantswatchedashortvideoofapersonconditionedtofearaso-calledneutral

stimulus—somethingpeoplenormallywouldn'tfear—pairedwithsomethingtheyfind

naturallyaversive（令人讨厌的）,inthiscaseanelectricalshock.Thepersoninthevideo

watchedcoloredsquaresonacomputerscreen:Whenabluesquareappeared,theperson

receivedamildshock;whenayellowsquareappeared,therewasnoshock.The

participantinthevideorespondedwithdistresswhenthebluesquareappeared—he

wouldblinkhard,tensehischeekmusclesandmovehishand.MSoit'sclearthathe's

uncomfortable,he'sindistress/*saidstudyteammemberAndreasOlssonofColumbia

University.nAndhe'salreadyindistressbeforehereceivestheshock,yousechim

anticipatereceivingtheshock."Bycontrasttheparticipantinthevideoappearedrelaxed

whentheyellowsquarepoppedup.Participantsweretoldtheywouldtakepartina

similarexperiment,andwhenpresentedwiththebluesquare,theyrespondedwithfear,

anticipatingashock,thoughtheywereneveractuallyshocked."Justbywatching,they

learnthemselves,"Olssonexplained.Thissecondlearningwasreflectedinthebrain.In

previousclassicalconditioningexperimentswhereafearislearnedfirsthand,apartofthe

braincalledtheamygdala（扁桃体结构）hasbeenshowntobecriticaltothedevelopment

andexpressionoffears.Thescientistsmonitoredthebrainactivityofeachparticipant

duringtheexperiment.Imagingshowedthattheamygdalarespondedbothwhenthe

subjectswatchedthevideoofsomeoneelsereceivingshocksandwhentheywere

presentedwiththebluesquaresthemselves."Wefoundthattheamygdalaisinvolved

bothwhenyou'rewatchingsomebodyreceivingshocks,andwhenyou'reexpectingto

receiveshockslateronyourself,"Olssonsaid.Soitseemsthatsimilarprocessesinthe

brainarctriggeredbothwhenfearsareexperiencedfirst-handandwhentheyarc

observedinothers.Intherealworld,thefindingcouldexplainwhysomepeopleare

afraidofthingsdespitelittlecontactwiththem."Youlearnbyobservingotherpeople's

emotionalexpressions,andwhatweareshowingisthatthatcanbeaseffectiveashaving

thosedirectexperiencesyourself,"Olssonsaid,"Thal'sprobablyoneofthereasonswhya

lotpeoplearchavingphobias（恐怖症）ofcertainkindsofstimuli,suchassnakesand

spiders."

48、What'speople'sresponsetoaneutralstimulus?

A、Normallytheyarenotscaredbyit.

B>Usuallytheyareseriouslyscaredbyit.

C、Theyfeelridiculouswhenseeingit.

D、Theyoftenfeeluncomfortableatit.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。根据题干中关键词neutralstimulus定位到原文第二段首句

participantswatchedashortvideoofapersonconditionedtofearaso-calledneutral

stimulus—somethingpeoplenormallywouldn'tfear-pairedwithsomethingtheyfind

naturallyaversive,inthiscaseanelectricalshock,分析句子结构和内容后可知，人

们通常并不害怕中立刺激物。

49>Thepassagestatesthatbeforethebluesquareappeared,thepersoninthevideo

A、wasinarelaxedstate

B、watchedthescreenclosely

C、wonderedwhatwouldhappen

D、gotreadytorespondtoashock

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据题干中的关键词beforethebluesquareappeared定位到

原文第二段，我们了解到电脑屏幕上蓝色方格出现，实验者会被电击。因此下一次

蓝色方格出现时，他非常紧张害怕。直到最后一句Andhe飞alreadyindistress

beforehereceivestheshock,youseehimanticipatereceivingtheshock,D中got

readyto是对原文anticipate的近义转述。

50Whydidparticipantsfeelfrightenedeventhoughtherewasnoshockgoingwith

bluesquares?

A、Becausetheyexperiencedthefirst-handfear.

B、Becausetheylearnedfearindirectly.

C、Becausetheirbr