大学英语四级模拟试卷815

大学英语四级模拟试卷815

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowe830minutestowriteaneye-witnessaccountofafire.

Youshoul8writeatleast120wor8sfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:假设

你在某日某时某地目击一起火灾，就此写一份见证书。见证书必须包括以下几点：

1.火灾发生的地点2.你所见到的火灾场面3.对火灾原因的分析AnEye-witness

AccountofaFire

标准答案：AnEye-witnessAccountofaFireIwaslastSaturdaymorning.Iwas

walkingtowardthesmallbookstorenearourschoolwhenIheardpeople'sscreams.I

quickenedmystepstowardtheSourceofthescreamsandsaw

知识点解析：本文是一篇见证书，一般要包括时间、地点、事件和自己的观点。

对火灾场面的描写是文章的重点，可以从火势和人们的反应来描写。此外，对原因

的分析要客观。第一段：交待目击火灾时的时间和地点。第二段：描写火灾的严

重性和人们全力救火的场面。第三段：阐述自己对火灾的理解。

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共7。

分。）

StrengthtoLoveTheblackpeoplebadlyneededastrongleaderwhowasnotafraid.And

MartinLutherKingknewwellwhatdangersthreatenedhimwhenheagreedtobetheir

leader.ButinchurchthatSundayhetoldhispeopletoloveoneanotherandtothink

kindlyoftheirenemies.Thiswasn'teasyinMontgomery.Formostofthewhitepeople,

andallofthepolice,seemedtobetheirenemies.Butatlasttheyprovedtheirpoint,（he

buseswerenolongerdivided.ThehighestcourtintheU.S.decidedthatitwasagainst

thelawtohaveseparateseatsforblackandwhitepeopleonbuses.Thebuscompanies

hadlostalotofmoney.Butthetroublewasn'tover.Angrywhitesfiredatthebusesand

atfourblackchurchesin:hctown.AbombwasthrownatDr.King'shouseandmight

havekilledhisfamily.Thehouseofawhiteministerwhoagreedwithhisblackfriends

wasalsobombed.InthenexttenyearsMartinLutherKingledthefightfbrfull"civil

rights"fbrsouthernnegroes.Thereweresomanyofthemthattheycouldn'tbedefeatedif

theyweredeterminedtoresist.Hetoldthemthatifonehundredthousandblacksmarched

inaprocessiontoanimportantpointinthecentreofacitytheywouldmakeitimpossible

forthemoststupidgovernmentofficialtouseweaponsagainstthem.Theywentinlarge

numbersandsatinrestaurantswhereblackpeopleweren'twelcome.Theyrefusedto

leaveuntiltheywerecarriedoutbythepolice.Theywentaboutteachingthepeoplethat

theyhadarightanddutytoelecttheirownofficials.Manyofthemwereafraidofwhat

wouldhappentothemiftheyvoted.Thesouthernwhitesgrewangrierandangrier.Inthe

stateofMississippialonemorethanfortycivilrightsworkers,bothblackandwhite,were

murderedandnoonewaspunished.Morethanfiftyblackchurcheswereburnedor

bombed.Inone,fourlittlegirlswerekilled.Thewhitepeoplewereterriblyafraidofwhat

theblackpeoplewoulddowhentheydiscoveredtheirownstrength.For,asDr.King

said,muchofthestruggleforblackequalityhadtobefoughtbyeachblackpersoninside

himself.Eachblackmanmustsay,"Iamsomebody.Iamaperson.Iamamanofworth

andhonor.Ihavearichandnoblehistory,howeverpainful...thathistoryhasbeen."Each

manmustwinhisownrighttobecalledamaninthenationthatcalledhim“boy".His

fatherhad'alwayssaidtohim,"Nobodycanmakeaslaveofyouifyoudon'tthinklikea

slave."Thestrengthofthecivilrightsmovementwasthenonviolentmarch.Thehuge

processionswhichKingandhisfollowersledbroughteveryoneontothefieldofaction.

Eventhechildrenmarchedtodemandtheirrightsasfreepeople.Liketheirparentsthey

werearrestedinverylargenumbersandweresenttoprison.Dr.Kingwasinprisonmany

times.In1963heledagreatmarchtothenation'scapitalinWashington,D.C.Two

hundredandfiftythousandpeople,manyofthemwhite,gatheredattheheartofthe

nation,singingtheirfreedomsong:1'Weshallovercomeoneday."MartinLutherKing

wasthemainspeaker.Andhespoketothathugecrowdashehadneverspokenbefore.

Hethrewawaythespeechhehadpreparedandspokev/hateverwordscametohislips:"I

saytoyoutoday,eventhoughwefacethedifficultiesoftodayandtomorrow,Istillhave

adream."Hisdreamwasofacountrywheremenwouldbetrulyequal."Ihaveadream

thatmyfourlittlechildrenonedaywillliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedby

thecolouroftheirskinbutbythestrengthoftheircharacterWiththisfaithwewillbe

abletoworktogether,tostruggletogether,togotoprisontogether,tostandupfor

freedomtogether,knowingwewillbefreeoneday."Afterthemarchheandotherblack

leadersmetPresidentKennedyattheWhiteHouse.SoonafterthistheUnitedStates

Governmentpassedtwoimportantcivilrightslaws,abigvictoryforthecoloredpeople.

JohnKennedy,aswehaveseen,admiredthekindofcouragethatresultsinaction.He

gavegreatsupportandcomforttotheKingfamilywhenDr.Kingwasinprison.His

death,laterin1963,wasaseriousblowtothemall.AndMartinLutherKingknewthat

whathadhappenedtoJohnKennedymighthappentohimalso.Forhesaid,anunjust

soc沁iyisasicksocietyinwhichgoodmenaremurderedwithoutcause.Hehadonce

beenattackedandnearlykilledbyamadwomanwithaknife.Shewasablackwoman

too.Heandhisfamilybravelyacceptedthefactthathemightbekilledanydayashe

wentamongthecrowds.In1964hewononeofthehighesthonorsamancanreceive.He

wasgiventheNobelPeacePrize"forhisleadershipofthenonviolentstrugglefbrracial

equality".Hewasonlythirty-five.Hewasthefourthcoloredmantowintheprizeinfour

years.Manyblackpeopleweregrowingangryattheirslowprogress.Theywantedtouse

violentmeanstogaintheirends.ButKingdidnotapproveofthenewmovementfbr

"blackpower**."Nonviolenceispower,"hesaid,"butitistherightandgooduseof

power...itcansavethewhitemanaswellasthenegro."LikeGandhi,hesawthe

movementhehadbegunbeginningtosplitupaspeopleuseditfortheirseparateends.

GroupsliketheBlackPowerMovementseemedtolosehopeofacountrywhereblack

andwhitepeoplecouldlivehappilytogether.Theirpatiencewascomingtoanend.King

wantedtohelpnotonlyjustblacksbutalsowhites,"Negroesholdonlyonekeytothe

lockofpeacefulchange."hesaid."Theotherisinthehandsofthewhites.'1MartinLuther

Kingbecametheleadernotonlyoftheblackpeoplebutofallthepoor,inthenorthas

wellasinthesouth.Hewasplanningagreatpoorpeople'smarchwhenhewasshotand

killedon4April1968.Thistimetheattackerwaswhite.Dr.Kinghadspenthisshortlife

tryingtofindabetterwaytomeettroublethanwithaknifeorgun.Hehadgiven

thousandsofpeoplethestrengthwhichhepossessedinlargemeasure-thestrengthto

loveotherseveninthefaceofhate,injusticeanddeath.

2、BeforeMartinL.King.alltheblackleaderschoseviolencetowintheirfreedomand

equality.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：从文章中我们可知马丁.路德.金是通过“nonviolence”来为黑人争取平

等和自由的，但通读全文我们可知文中并未提到在金之前，黑人领袖都是通过暴力

方式争取平等和自由的。

3、Dr.Kingencouragedhispeopletolovealsotheirenemies.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：从第一段的“…hetoldhispeopletoloveoneanotherandtothinkkir.dly

oftheirenemies”可知金主张用“非暴力”的方式，鼓励人们连敌人也不要去憎恨。

4、InKing'sview,self-worthwasveryimportantifblackpeopleweretosucceedin

theirstruggleforequality.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由第七段的第一句“…muchofthestruggle...byeachblackpersoninside

himself，可知金认为大部分的斗争要通过每一个黑人从内到外的努力。后文也紧接

着谈到了黑人要认识到，自己是“somebody"，是“amanofworthandhonor”，也就

是“自身的价值”。

5、Accordingtothispassage.Kingdisagreedwithsomeblackpeopleusingviolence

becausetheywantedtouseviolencemeansfortheirownpower,notforblackequality.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此判断有两点错误。首先，从倒数第三段可知金不同意采取暴力是因

为他认为“非暴力”才是解决问题的正确方式，而且也不应该把白人排除在外。第二

点，一些黑人组织采取暴力是为了“gaintheirends”,并不能说是为了“theirown

power"，而实际上也应是不同程度的平等和自由。

6、MartinL.Kingbroughtpeople,blackorwhite,tothefieldofaction.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由第八段“Thehugeprocessions...broughteveryoneontothefieldof

action”中的everyone可知不管是黑人还是白人，大人还是小孩都参予了游行。

7、ThemarchtoWashington,D.C.in1963helpedthepassageoftwocivilrightsacts.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析:由第十一段的“Afterthemarch...Soon...passedtwoimportantcivilrights

laws”可知两个重要的民权法案的通过在很大程度上是“themarch”促成的，故此判

断正确“

8、ForKing,theassassinationofPresidentKennedyshowedthatthecivilrights

movementcouldbedefeated.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由第十二段可知，马丁.路德.金由肯尼迪总统被暗杀认识到“anunjust

societyisasicksociety..而并不是说明民权运动矢败了，故此判断错误。

9、JohnKennedythoughthighlyofthatresultedintheactionledbyMartinL.

King.

标准答案：thekindofcourage

知识点解析：由第十二段开头可知肯尼辿很钦佩人们游行行动中所展现出来的勇

气，故可得出答案。

10、AttheageofKingdeliveredthatfamousspeechcalledIHaveaDream.

标准答案：34

知识点解析：由第十三段可知全在1964年，也就是在他35岁时获得了“诺贝尔和

平奖”，而那次著名的演讲发生在1963年，故金那时侯34岁。

11、MartinLutherKingsoughtblackequalitybybuthediedfromviolence.

标准答案：nonviolence

知识点解析：通读全文后可知，马丁・路德・金主张用“非暴力”的方式争取平等和自

由，而由此题后半句的“buthediedfromviolence”亦可知应与前半句形成反差，故

可知应为nonviolence.

三、听力短对话(本题共5题，每题7.0分，共5分0)

12、

A、Arailwayporter.

B、Abusconductor.

C>Ataxidriver.

D、Apostalclerk.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题出现了几个明显有职业场所特征的词parcel和postage,由此可

以判断对话场所是在邮局，女士在咨询往伦敦邮寄包裹需要多少钱，她询问的人一

定是邮局的工作人员(postalclerk)。

13、

A、Herhairstyleisverybeautiful.

B、Herhairstyleisnotnice.

C、Thehairstylereallychangesherappearance.

D、Thewomanhasasenseofstyle.

标准答案：C

知识之解析：此对话的主题是女士的发型。重点在女士的话，她说她换了发型之后

有些人说都认不出她来了，言外之意就是她的发型使她外貌变化很大。从对话的内

容不能判断A、B是否正确，D是无关选项。

14、

A、Janeislookingforasummerjob.

B、Janeispackingforthesummervacation.

C、Janeisonherwayhome.

D、Janeiseagertogohomeforthevacation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：countingthedays通俗地讲就是“掰着指头数日子”，意即“盼望、渴

望对话没有提到summerjob,A不对；也没有提到收拾行李或Jane已经上路，

所以B、C也不对。

15、

A、Thechocolatecookietastesterrible.

B、Thechocolatecookieisverydelicious.

C、Jackwillnevermakesuchcookies.

D、Hegottheonlyoneinthisworld.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:outofthisworld是个习语,表示"非常好"，cookies很好吃,即

dcliciouso

16、

A、Hehasneverfeltgoodinhislife.

B、TheYogahasimprovedhishealth.

C、Heisunhappyabouthislife.

D^HeisthinkingoftakingaYogaexercise.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：I'veneverfeltbetterinmylife和寒暄常用语couldn'tbebetter意思差

不多，即表明现在的健康状况非常好。男士这样回答是对女士观点youlookg但at

sinceyoiCvebeentakingtheYogaexercise的赞同，曰此引申出瑜伽改善了男士的健

康。A、C对男士的话理解有误。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

17、

A^Hefailedinapowertestyesterday.

B、Heneverexpectedhimselftobehappy.

C、Itwasbecauseofhisfather^fault.

D^Hemissedabout30minutesofaprogram.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：对话中女士说“看你今天不太高兴”，男士回答说昨晚他们家停电了，

当时他在看一个精彩的足球专题节目，再结合后面提到的Hecameandfixedit

up.Butitwashalfanhourlater.Ihadalreadymissedalol可知，男士不高兴是因为

他错过了半个小时的节目，故答案为［D］。［A］是对对话中powerfailure的误解，

18、

A、Hismother'suseofthewashingmachine.

Hisfather'sturningonthemicrowaveoven.

C>HislonghoursofwatchingTV.

D、Theswitchonoftwoair-conditioners.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：选项表明，本题与电器的使用有关。对话中男士提到Itwasallmy

father'sfault,后面提到，母亲正在用洗衣机，空调也开着，他正在看电视，此时

父亲想用微波炉热茶，池把插头插上保险丝就坏了，故答案为［B］。

19、

A、WatchaballgameonTV.

B>Takepartinabasketballfinal.

C>Askhisneighbortocheckthepower.

D^Notuseanyelectricappliancesanymore.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：选项均以原形动词开头以及其中的hi，neighbor表明，本题可能考查

男士将来的行为动作。对话中女士提到…asportsfanlikeyou.Butdon'tmissthe

basketballfinalsthisevening,由此可知，作为体育爱好者的男士可能会看晚上的篮

球赛,故答案为［A］。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分,共4分。）

20、

A、Atafitnesscentre.

B、Ataclinic.

C、Ataschool.

D、Ataclub.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Wherearethesetwopeoplemostprobably?

21、

A、Hecametooearlyfortheappointment.

B、Hemissedthebushere.

C、Hewenttoawrongaddress.

D、Hefeltverybadwhenhegotup.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：What'swrongwiththemane?

22、

A^Aweakheart.

B、Askindisease.

C、Bronchitis.

D、Kidneytrouble.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatisthemanmostprobablysufferingfrom?

23、

A、Tostayinbedfbrtwoorthreedays.

B、Tohaveacourseofantibiotics.

C>Totakesomecoughmixture.

D、Toexercisemoreregularly.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatthewomandoctortellsthemanto

do?

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题上0

分，共6分。）

24、

A、Hugeincreaseinthenumberofpublicrelationscompanies.

B、Shrinkingculturaldifferences.

C、Newcommunicationstechnologies.

D、PReffortsinothercountries.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

25、

A、BecauseBritishcompaniesaremoreambitiousthanUScompanies.

B>BecauseBritishcompaniesplacemoreimportanceonPRthanUScompanies.

C、BecauseBritishcompaniesareheavilyinvolvedinplanningactivities.

D、Becausefouroftheworld'stopPRagenciesareBritish-owned.

标准答案：B-

知识点解析：暂无解析

26、

A、TheWallStreetJournal.

B、TheFinancialTimes.

C、TheEconomist.

D、TheObserver.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、

A、Herparentsthrivedintheurbanenvironment.

B、HerparentsleftChicagotoworkonafarm.

C>HerparentsimmigratedtoAmerica.

D、Herparentssetupanice-creamstore.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：Whatdocsthespeakertellsusabouthismother'searlychildhood?

28、

A^HetaughtEnglishinChicago.

B>Hewascrippledinacaraccident.

C^Heworkedtobecomeanexecutive.

D^Hewasbornwithalimp.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：Whatdowelearnaboutthespeaker'sfather?

29、

A、Shewasfondoflivinganisolatedlife.

ShewasfascinatedbyAmericanculture.

C、Shewasverygenerousinofferinghelp.

D、Shewashighlydevotedtoherfamily.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthismother?

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

30、

A、Itmeanstotakearisktosavethegiraffes'（长颈鹿）lives.

B、Itmeanstotakeariskforthewelfareofotherpeople.

C、Itmeansmsearcheverywhereforthebenefitforoneself.

D、Itmeanstosearchforthegoodexamplesforotherstofollow.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题问“短语：，sticktheirnecksoutforthecommongood'是什么意思?”

短文起始部分提到，AnorganizationbasedintheUnitedStateshonorspeoplewho,in

itswords,“sticktheirnecksoutfbrthecommongood"Thatmeanstheytakearisk.（美

国的一个组织表彰那些“为了大众的福祉伸出脖子”的人，也就是指那些愿意为此冒

风险的人们。）据此可以断定[B]“为了他人的福祉甘冒风险”正确。

31、

A、Becauseofhiscontributiontothechildrenasadentist.

Becauseofhiseffortsasateacherofphotographtaking.

C>Bemuseofhisconnectionwithchildrenthroughouttheworldbymeansof

photography.

D、Becauseofhisdedicationtothetoothhealthofthechildrenallovertheworld.

标准答案：C

知识?解和：本题问“为什么PhilBorges被选为，长颈鹿英雄？'短文提到，The

GiraffeProjectsaysMisterBorgesstuckhisneckouttoconnectchildrenalloverthe

worldwithphotography.也就是说，PhilBorges先生以摄影这种形式帮助全世界的

孩子建立联系。据此可以断定[C]“因为他通过摄影联结了全世界的孩子”正确。

32、

A^Mr.Khamisa'ssonwaskilledbyMr.Felix'sgrandson.

Mr.KhamisaputMr.Felix'sgrandsonintoprison.

C、Mr.Khamisa'ssonandMr.Felix'sgrandsonbelongtothesamestreetgang.

D、Mr.KhamisaandMr.Fdixareworkingtogethertofightagainstrobbery.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题问“Mr.Khamisa和Mr.Felix之间有什么联系?''短文提到，

MembersofastreetgangrobbedandkilledMisterKhamisa'ssonTariqTheyoung

manwhokilledhimwasMisterFeiix's14-year-oldgrandson,Tony.也就是说，

Khamisa先生的儿子Tariq被街头流氓团伙的成员抢劫并杀害，而那个杀人的年轻

人正是Felix先生14岁的孙子。据此可以断定[A]“Khamisa先生的儿子被Mr.Felix

先生的孙子杀害”正确。

33、

A、Towarnyoungpeopleoffresortingtoviolence.

B、ToraisethereputationoftheGiraffeProject.

C、Torewardthemsoastohelpthemfinancially.

D、Topresentthemasmodelsforotherpeopletolearnfrom.

标准答案；D

知识点解析：本题问“选出，长颈鹿英雄’的目的是什么?”短文最后指出，Inslead,

theyarepresentedasexamplesforotherstofollow.Theirstoriesaretoidthroughthe

newsmedia,schoolsandtheInternet.由此可见，此项活动的目的在于，通过新闻媒

介、学校和因特网传播这些“长颈鹿英雄”的事迹，使他们成为其他人学习的榜样。

据此可以断定[D]“将他们树为榜样，让其他人向他们学习”正确。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

〃分。）

Inrecentyearsmanycountriesoftheworldhavebeenfacedwiththeproblemofhowto

maketheirworkersmore[Bl].Someexpertsclaimtheansweristomakejobs

more[B2].Butdomorevariedjobsleadtogreaterproductivity?Thereis

evidenceto[B3]thatwhilevarietycertainlymakestheworkers'lifemore

[B4],itdoesnotactuallymakehimworkharder.Asfaras[B5]

productivityisconcerned,thevarietyisnotanimportantfactor.Otherexpertsfeel

thatgivingtheworker[B6]todohisjobinhisownwayisimportantandthere

isnodoubtthatthisistrue.Theproblemisthatthiskindoffreedomcannoteasilybe

giveninthemodernfactorywithitscomplicated[B7]whichmustbeusedina

[B8]way.[B9].Anotherimportantconsiderationishowmucheach

workercontributestotheproductheismaking.Inmostfactoriestheworkerseesonlya

smallpartoftheproduct.[BIO].sothateachworkercontributesmoretothe

productionofthecarsonhisline.[Bl1].

34、[BI]

标准答案：productive

知识点解析：productive意为“富有成效的根据动词结构makesb.more…可以推

断此处需填入一形容词。此句的意思是“许多国家都需要使工人变得更…“，根据

Butdomorevariedjobsleadtogreaterproductivity?可知,人们希望提高的是工人的

生产能力，因此，此处的形容词就应该为“富有成效的“，即productive。做题时需

注意上下文的逻辑关系：并列/顺承/递进/转折。

35、[B2]

标准答案：varied

知识点解析：根据动词结构makeslh.more…可以推断此处需填入一形容词。针对

许多国家所面临的问题(如何提高工人的生产力生产力)，有些专家称要解决这一问

题就要使工作更…。接着，说话者对此提出了质疑：Butdomorevariedjobsleadto

greaterproductivity?"更加多样化的工作就会提高生产力了吗?”由此可以推断，应填

入varied,并且，下一句中varied为本空所填词的原词复现。

36、[B3]

标准答案：suggest

知识点解析：根据后面从句和其前的to可以判断此处需要一个动词.根据共现原

则，跟证据(evidence)搭配的动词应为“表明(suggest，show)”,即本空所填词与

evidence形成语义场共现。evidence通常与suggest,show,prove等连用°做题时

需注意词语和语境的共观和常用的搭配用法。

37、[B4]

标准答案：enjoyable

知识点解析：enjoyable意为“令人愉快的，令人快乐的”。根据39所在动词结构

makesb.more...可以推断此处需要一形容词，而且该形容词为一多音节形容词。

因为所需形容词是用来描述工作的，要想使工作能引起工人的兴趣，工作本身必须

是令人愉快的，即enjoyable。根据常识也可知，多样化的工作会增加工作的乐

趣，使工人更加热爱工作，从而有望提高生产力。

38、[B5]

标准答案：increasing

知识点解析：句子是针对有些专家提到的通过使工作多样化来提高生产力的说法做

的一个总结性的论断，即工作多样化并不一定会提高生产力。这里提到的工作多样

化主要还是围绕提高生产力这一主题的，那么在这一特定的语境下，生产力始终是

和提高联系在一起的，且本空需填入一动名词，与produclivily构成动名词短语，

充当主语，并且是短文第三句中的greater的近义复现。

39、[B6]

标准答案：freedom

知识点解析:freedom意为"自由"。todohisjobinhisownway是本空所填词的解

释，并且在下一句也出现了freedom原词，即下一句中的freedom为本空所填词的

原词复现。

40、[B7]

标准答案：machinery

知识点解析：machinery意为“[总称]机器，机械”。空格后面用了which引导的定语

从句对所填的名词进行了解释。从空格的前后文提示的关键词freedom和inthe

modernfactory可推知此处指在现代化的工厂里没有自由可言的机器。

41、[B8]

标准答案：fixed

知识点解析：fixed意为，固定的”。在现代工厂里，不能简单地给工人这种自由的

原因是工厂里的机器很复杂,因而工人不能dohisjobinhisownway,既然工人不

能以自己的方式工作，那就表明他们需要按照规定的、固定的方式工作，即他们需

要遵循afixedway。

42、[B9]

标准答案：Thuswhilefreedomofchoicemaybeimportant,thereisusuallyverylittle

thatcanbedonetocreateit

知识点解析：Freedomofchoicemaybeimportant,butlittlecanbedonetocreateit

43、[BIO]

标准答案：Somecarfactoriesarenowexperimentingwithhavingmanysmall

productionlinesratherthanonelargeone

知识点解析：Somecarfactoriesareexperimentingsmallproductionlinesratherthan

largeone

44、rBill

标准答案：Itwouldseemthatnotonlyisthedegreeofworkers*contributionan

importantfactor,butitisalsoonewecandosomethingabout

知识点解析：Itwouldseemthatthedegreeofworkers5contributionisanimportant

factorandwecandosomethingaboutit

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共7。题，每题7.0分，共

I。分。）

Theymaybelivid（愤怒）withtheirleaders,painedbytheirplaceintheworldand[SI]

ofthefuture,butatleasttheFrencharestillhappy[S2]tohum.An

opinion[S3]justpublishedfound83%oftheadultpopulationsingsorhumsto

itself"oftenorveryoftenThepollfoundwomenslightlymore[S4]tohum

thanmen.Theparentsofyoungchildrenarethemostlikely[S5]grouptomake

withamelody,whilehardlyanotewilltroublethevocalcordsofsingleFrenchmenover

65.[S61,forsomereason,iftheyarefarmers.Whereexactlydotheywarble（以

柔和的颤音唱）？[S7]theirlongstandingloveaffairwiththeautomobile,19%

oftheFrenchlovetoletripintheear,andjust13%inthebath.Parisiansaremorelikely

tosingsweetlytothemselvesthan[S8]types,apartmentlivingencouragingthe

exercise.Some74%oftheFrenchsaymusicistheartformtheycouldleastdowithout,a

longwayaheadof[S9],cinema,painting,danceandtheatre.Musicaltastealso

dependsuponpoliticalpersuasion.France'sconscientious（尽责的）andever-[SIO]

farleftarcbysomewaythemostmusical:fully90%saytheysingdaily.[A]

social[IJlikely[BJpoll[JJclap[CJGiven[K]optimistic[DJParticularly[LJclassic[E]

literature|M|humorous|F|rural|N]objective|G]role|O|fearful|H|enough

45、[SI]

标准答案：。

知识点解析：需填入空格的词在结构和语义上和livid（愤怒的），pained（痛苦的混

于并列关系，选项中O符合文意。

46、[S2]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：分析句子结构，此处只可填入名词或副词。hum意邛，哼唱”，是

happy的一种体现；再由句中的atleast,h叩py可推知，应填入表示程度的副词，

H最符合文意。

47、[S3]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：下文的ihepoll已给出了提示。

48、[S4]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：空格所在句采用了findsb.尔lh+形容词作宾补的结构，该句和下文

一样都是就民意调杳的结果做分析、比较各种可能性，且下文的likely已给出提

示，由此可知I最符合文意。

49、[S5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由句意“年幼儿童的父母是最可能哼曲子的群体...”可知A最

符合文意。

50、[S6]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：分析句子结构，此处有逗号隔开，应填入副词或连词；且在句首，单

词首字母需大写，故选D。意思上看，句中they指代上句的Frenchmen,if从句是

对上句Frenchmen的进一步说明，所以空格处骑入表递进关系的Particularly4>

51、[S7]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：先说法国人对汽车的长久青睐，再说19%的法国人喜欢在车里开

唱，句意看二者是因果关系，所填词在句首，首字母需大写，故选C。

52、[S8]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：Parisians与lypes构成对比，关于Parisians下文有进一步说明：

apartmentlivingencouragingtheexercise即公寓生活使他们更倾向于这种活动（轻哼

歌曲）。由此可知aparmcntliving相对的ruralliving正是____types的特点，故选

Fo

53、[S9]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：填入的词应与该句中的music,cinema,painting,dance等并列，故

E最符合文意。

54、[S10]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：通篇文章主要讲的就是法国人的乐观，再分析空格所在句，填入的词

应与conscientious（尽责的）在语义上并列，故K符合文意。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecome

recognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatterns

conferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,

oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformal

processofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythrough

electionorrecruitment.Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusual

personalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthere

isanycategoryof"naturalleaders'*.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthat

allleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderif

thepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.Researchsuggests

thattherearctypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatarcheldbydifferent

individuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasks

byasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto"getthingsdone”.

Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollective

well-beingsofasocialgroup'smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththe

overallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersand

attemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Instrumentalleadersarelikely

tohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveothersand

maydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibit(阻碍)attainmentofthegroup'sgoals.

Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthe

group.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtryto'resolve

issuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest,

expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;

instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamore

distantrespect.

55、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.

Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.

C、Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.

D^Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。本篇的主要讨论不同的领导者(如instrumentalleaders以及

expressiveleaders)在不同的社会群体中所充当的角色和发挥的功能。所以D为正确

答案。A、B、C选项都不能正确概括本文主旨。

56、Thepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecome

leadersEXCEPT.

A、recruitment

B、formalelectionprocess

C、specificleadershiptraining

D、traditionalculturalpatterns

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节理解题。A选项的招募(recruitment)和B选项选举程序(election

process)都在第一段中作为大群体的领导者产生的方式被明确提到。D选项也在第

一段中作为家庭领导者的产生的方式被明确提到。只有C选项没有作为产生领导

者的一种方式在本文中被提及。

57、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraph

2?

A、personwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleader

inanothergroup.

B、Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.

C、Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchon

leadership.

D、Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheir

qualifications.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推论题。A选项意思是：某一特定群体的有效领导者，不一定就可以

成为另一群体的有效领导者。这正好与第二段的意思相吻合，即领导者没有一个固

定的特点，只是符合了一个特定群体需要的人就有可能成为该群体的领导者(II

seems...virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthat

meettheneedsofthatparticulargroup)oB选项和C选项的意思与本文无关，D选项

意为：许多人想成为领导者，但却很少能拿出证据来证明他们具有这样的资格。显

然是对文章意思的曲解。

58、Inmentioning"naturalleaders"inline7,theauthorismakingthepointthat.

A、fewpeoplequalifyas"naturalleaders"

B、thereisnoproofthat"naturalleaders"exist

C、naturalleadersareeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroup

D、naturalleadersshareasimilarsetofcharacteristics

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节理解题。第二段中“…decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduce

consistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryo广naturalleaders，”意思是说数十年来的

研究并不能找出可靠证据来证明那些人可以成为“天生领导者”、与B项意思一

致。

59、Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson.

ANensuringharmoniousrelationships

B、sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembers

C、identifyingnewleaders

D^achievingagoal

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节理解题。第三、四段主要讲了两种类型的领导者的区别。其中

instrumentalleader侧重于群体目标的实现，而expressiveleader相对于前者并不侧

重于群体目标的实现，而是注重为群体成员提供情感支持，并尽力减少内部纷争。

（Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwith

providingemotional