高中英语选择性必修4Part 3 Using Language,Assessing Your Progress 与 Video Time (三)

Part3UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&Video

Time

基础过关练

I.单词拼写

1.Caryishopingto（利用）newopportunitiesinEurope.

2.Thepriceofpetroliscomingdownbyfourpencea（力口仑）.

3.Policehavealreadyidentifiedaround1（）（谋杀）suspects.

4.1feltsadwhenIsawtheboywasscreamingandbeggingfor

（宽恕）

5.Ifyoumisspayments,thelendercouldtake（拥有）ofyour

home.

6.Norristwiceknockeddownhis（对手）intheearlyroundsof

thefight.

7.Thecaptaindescribedtheaccidentintheship's（日志）.

8.Weshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotect（海产的）life.

9.Policemenhaveauthorityto（逮捕）lawbreakers,

n.选词填空

huntfor,withoutmercy,aswellas,amountsof,beresponsiblefor

1.Somepeoplekillwildanimalstomakeprofits.

2.1wentoutforameallastnightanddrankredwine.

3.Becauseshewasunderage,herparentstillher.

4.Policehavebeguntothemurdererwiththehelpofthe

crowd.

5.Markwasmainlyinterestedinsportsatschool,playingrugby

soccer.

m.单句语法填空

1.Theseresourceshavebeendiscoveredand(exploit)gradually.

2.Theyaskedhertobe(mercy)totheprisoners.

3.Hewas(possess)ofgreatself-confidenceandneverafraidof

failure.

4.Hedefeatedseveral(opponent)inthiselection,whichwasabig

suiprisetous.

5.Weallknowthattheman(arrest)inconnectionwiththe

robberythedaybeforeyesterday.

IV.完成句子

1.首都发生了地震，引发公众恐慌。

Anearthquakehitthecapital,amongthepublic.

2.阅读对你来说是必要的。

isnecessaryforyou.

3.随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了，而且在她的职业领域独领风骁。

,shegainedinconfidenceandwas

inherprofession.

4.他的确同情穷人，为他们募捐了很多钱。

Hethepoorandraisedalotofmoneyfor

them.

V.课文语法填空

Text1

Seaexplorationhascausedmanyproblemsandwillcontinueto

causemore.Moreexplorationmeansmorepollution.Miningfor

resourcesisvery1(damage),especiallyintheArctic.Overfishingis

anotherproblem.Whalesanddolphins2(hunt)fortheirmeatorfor

so-calledresearch.Theseaishome3life,nothumanbeings14

(possess).Itismoresensitivethanwethink,5weshouldmake

moreeffortstoprotectit.

Text2

6(understand)ourplanet,wemustexploretheoceans7

covermostofit.Understandingmoreabouttheseawillalsohelpus

manage8(it)resourcesbetter.Seaexplorationmayhelpusdiscover

newmedicines,aswellasnewsourcesoffoodandenergy.9(access)

thedeepoceanmayhelppeopletopredictterribleevents.Thereare10

(probable)vastamountsofresourcesundertheseaandice.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

能力提升练

I.阅读理解

主题语境：人与自然难易度：语篇类型：说明文建议用时：7

（2020河北唐山高二上学期期中）

It'salreadychallengingenoughforenvironmentaliststokeep

beachesclearofwashed-uptrashandplasticdebris（残骸），butthemost

difficultproblemliesincleaningupallofthemillionsoftiny

microplasticsthatareimpossibletopickupandseparatefromthesand.

Fortunately,agroupofengineeringstudentssucceededin

developingamassivenewvacuum（真空）cleanerthatcancollect

microplasticswithoutremovinganyofthesandfromthebeach.The12

CanadianstudentsfromtheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebecbuilt

theirHoolaOneplasticvacuumcleanerasaclassproject.

“Wedidsomeresearchandwerealizedtherewasnomachine

aroundtheworldtodothiskindofjob,“HoolaOneco-founderSam

DuvaltoldHawaiiPublicRadio."Sowetoldeachother,4Wewillinvent

it,'andwedidit.^^

Asameansoftestingtheirmachine'sefficiency,theyrecentlyusedit

onthesandsofHawaii'sKamiloBeach,whichisalsonotoriousforbeing

oneofthedirtiestbeachesintheworld.Thoughtheirfirstprototype（原

型）experiencedanumberoftechnicalissues,thestudentsmanagedtofix

theproblemsandtidyupthebeach.

Usingahandheldtube,themachinesucks（吸入）upplasticandsand

anddumpsthemallintoamassivewatertank.Sincerocksandsandare

heavierthanplastic,theysinktothebottomofthetanksotheycanbe

dumpedbackontothebeach.Theplastic,ontheotherhand,floatstothe

topofthetank.

AccordingtoHawaiiPublicRadio,theteamlefttheHoolaOne

vacuumontheislandasadonationtothestatedepartment.Theyarenow

researchingtheecologicaleffectsofthevacuumonthebeachwhilethey

aresearchingforfundingandsponsorships（赞助款）toproducemore

HoolaOnevacuums.

1.Whatisthehardestproblemofkeepingthebeachclean?

A.Pickingupplasticdebris.

B.Removingtrashonthesea.

C.Separatingplasticsfromthesand.

□.Clearingupallthemicroplastics.

2.WhatdoweknowabouttheHoolaOneplasticvacuumcleaner?

A.Itcancollectplasticswithoutremovingsandfromthebeach.

B.Ithasbeenusedwidelyonthebeachesaroundtheworld.

C.ThestudentstesteditsefficiencyonHawaii'sKamiloBeach.

D.Thestudentsgaveupthefirstprototypeduetoseveralfailures.

3.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A.Theworkingprocedureofthevacuumcleaner.

B.Theinventionprocessofthevacuumcleaner.

C.Theecologicalimpactsofthevacuumcleaner.

D.Thespecialmaterialsofthevacuumcleaner.

4.Whatwordscanbestdescribethe12Canadianstudents?

A.Generousandstubborn.

B.Confidentandpersistent.

C.Devotedandwealthy.

D.Admirableandhumorous.

II.七选五

主题语境：人与自然难易度：亲语篇类型：说明文建议用时「丁

（2020吉林吉化第一高级中学高二期末）

Alllivingthingsintheoceanareendangeredbyhumanspolluting

thewater.1Onewayisthedumping（倾倒）ofcertainwaste

materials,suchasgarbageandusedwater,intotheocean.Theharmful

bacteriathatfeedonthegarbageuseupmuchoftheoxygeninthe

surroundingwater,soothercreaturesintheareaoftendon'tgetenough.

Othersubstances（物质），suchasradioactivewastematerials,can

alsocausepollution.2.Butafteryearsofbeingexposedtotheocean

water,thecontainersmaybegintoleak（漏）.

3Oilisspilledintotheoceanwhenoilshipssinkorwhenoil

wellsintheoceancannotbecapped.Theoilcoversthegills（腮）offish

andpreventsthemfrombreathing.Divingbirdsgettheoilontheirwings

andareunabletofly.Whentheycleanthemselves,theyareoften

poisonedbytheoil.

Riversalsocancontributetothepollutionofoceans.4

Fertilizersusedonthefarmlandsmaybecarriedtotheocean,wherethey

causeagreatincreaseintheamountofcertainplants.Toomanyofsome

plantscanactuallybepoisonoustofish.

Worseyetarethepesticides（杀虫剂）carriedtotheocean.These

chemicalsslowlybuildupinfishandothersmallanimals.5.The

build-upofthesechemicalsintheanimalscanmakethemillorcause

theirbabiestobeborndeadorsick.

A.Fishandturtlessufferthemost

B.Pollutionoccursinseveralways

C.Oilisanothermajorsourceofconcern

D.Manyriversreceivetherunoffwaterfromfarmlands

E.Farmersusetheseartificialfertilizerstoincreasecropharvest

F.Thesesubstancesareoftenplacedinthewaterinsafelysealed

containers

G.Theseanimalsthenpassthepesticidesontothelargeranimalsthat

feedonthem

1.2.3.4.5.

in.读后续写

主题语境：人与自我难易度：★:语京类型：记叙文建议用时而

（2020山东济南莱芜一中高二下学期月考）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成

一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为15()左右。

Jennywastheonlychildinherfamily.Shehadaquarrelwithher

motherthatafternoonandsheranoutofthehouseangrily.Shecouldn't

helpweepingsorrowfullywhenshethoughtofthescoldingfromher

mother.Havingwanderedaimlesslyinthestreetforhours,shefeltalittle

hungryandwishedforsomethingtoeat.Shestoodbesideastand（货摊）

forawhile,watchingthemiddle-agedsellerbusydoinghisbusiness.

However,withnomoneyinhand,shegaveasighandhadtoleave.The

sellerbehindthestandnoticedtheyounggirlandasked,“Hey,girl,you

wanttohavethenoodles?^^“Oh,yes,butIdon'thavemoneyonme,"she

replied.

"That'snothing.Illtreatyoutoday,vsaidtheman."Comein.,,The

sellerbroughtherabowlofnoodles,thesmellsoattractive.Asshewas

eating,Jennycriedsilently.t6Whatisit?”askedthemankindly."Nothing.

ActuallyIwasjusttouchedbyyourkindness!^^saidJennyasshewiped

hertears."Evenastrangeronthestreetwillgivemeabowlofnoodles,

whilemymotherdrovemeoutofthehouse.Sheshowednocareforme.

Sheissomercilesscomparedtoastranger!Hearingthewords,theseller

smiled,"Girl,doyoureallythinkso?Ionlygaveyouabowlofnoodles

andyouthankedmealot.Butitisyourmotherwhohasraisedyousince

youwereababy.Canyounumberthetimesshecookedforyou?Have

youexpressedyourgratitudetoher?^^Jennysatthere,speechlessand

numbwithshock;sherememberedhermother'sfamiliarfaceand

weathered（饱经风霜的）hands."Whydidn*tIthinkofthat?Abowlof

noodlesfromastrangermademefeelindebted（感激的）.Whyhaven'tI

thankedmymumforwhatshehasdoneforme?,,Onthewayhome,

Jennymadeuphermindtomakeanapologytohermotherforher

rudenessassoonasshearrivedhome.

Paragraph1:

Approachingthedoorway,___________________________

Paragraph2:

Agentletouchonherhaircalledhermind

back.

答案全解全析

基础过关练

I.1.exploit2.gallon3.murder4.mercy5.possession

6.opponent7.log8.marine9.arrest

11.1.withoutmercy2.amountsof3.were;responsiblefor

4.huntfor5.aswellas

III.1.exploited考查时态和语态。句意:这些资源已逐步被发现和利用。

Theseresources和exploit之间是被动关系，空前已有havebeen,故填

exploitedo

2.merciful考查形容词。句意:他们要她对犯人慈悲为怀。be后应跟

形容词，故填mercifulo

3.possessed考查固定搭配。句意:他有很强的自信心，从不害怕失败。

bepossessedof具有某种品质（或特征）。

4.opponents考查可数名词的复数。句意:在这次选举中他击败了好几

个对手，这让我们大吃一惊。由设空处前的several可知空处应填名词

的复数形式opponents。

5.wasarrested考查时态和语态。句意:我们都知道前天这名男子因与

这桩抢劫案有关而被逮捕。根据thedaybeforeyesterday可知,此处应

用一般过去时，且theman和arrest之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的

被动语态。

causingpanic2.1t;toread3.Asshegrewolder;inaleagueofher

own4.didshowmercyto

V.l.damaging考查形容词。句意:开采资源是非常有破坏性的，尤其

是在北极地区。设空处作表语，结合句意可知填形容词damaging,意为

“造成破坏的;有害的”。

2.arehunted考查时态和语态。结合上下文语境可知此处应用一般现

在时,且主借Whalesanddolphins和hunt之间是被动关系，故用一般现

在时的被动语态。

3.to考查介词。behometo意为“是……的家园”，是固定搭配。故填

tOo

4.possessions考查名词复数。句意:海洋是生物的家园,不是人类的财

产。possession意为“财产”，常用复数。故填possessions。

5.so考查并列连词。句意:它比我们所认为的更加敏感，因此我们应

该付出更多努力去保护它。前后是因果关系,故用并列连词SOo

6.T0understand考查动词不定式。句意:为了了解我们的星球，我们必

须探索覆盖了其大部分的海洋。此处应用不定式作目的状语。

7.which/that考查定语从句。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句，先

行词是oceans,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系词which或that。

8.its考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词resources,应用形容词性物主

代词，故填its。

9.Accessing考查动名词作主语。分析句子可知，9(access)the

de叩ocean作句子的主语，故用动名词，故填Accessingo

lO.probably考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词，故填probablyo

能力提升练

I.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。来自加拿大的12名学生发明了

一款可以清理沙子中塑料微粒的真空吸尘器，有助于保护海洋环境。

1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中的butthemostdifficultproblemlies

in...impossibletopickupandseparatefromthesand可知,最困难的问题

在于清理所有的数以百万计的塑料微粒,这些微粒是不可能从沙子中

捡起并分离出来的。故选D。

2.C细节理解题°根据第四段中的Asameansoftestingtheir

machine'sefficiency...ofthedirtiestbeachesintheworld.可知，学生们在

夏威夷的卡米洛海滩上测试了他们的机器的效率。故选Co

3.A主旨大意题。根据第五段的内容可知，本段主要描述了这款真空

吸尘器是怎么工作的。故选A。

4.B推理判断题。根据第三段中的Sowetoldeachother,t4Wewill

inventit/andwedidit.可知他们非常自信。根据第四段中的Though

theirfirstprototype（原型）experiencedanumberoftechnicalissues,the

studentsmanagedtofixtheproblemsandtidyupthebeach.可知他们面

对困难能坚持不懈、不放弃。故选B。

【高频词汇】1.challenging々力•.挑战性的2.massive々力•.巨大的;大

而重的3.efficiency九效率4.issue〃.问题;重要议题5.donationn.

捐赠;捐赠物

长难句分析

原句It'salreadychallengingenoughforenvironmentaliststokeep

beachesclearofwashed-uptrashandplasticdebris,butthemostdifficult

problemliesincleaningupallofthemillionsoftinymicroplasticsthat

areimpossibletopickupandseparatefromthesand.

分析本句是一个并列复合句。并列连词but连接前后两个并列分句。

前一分句中It作形式主厝，真止的主语是后面的不定式短厝tokeep...。

后一分句是一个主从复合句，主句的主语是themostdifficult

problem,microplastics后是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词tiny

microplasticso

句意对环保主义者来说,保持海滩上没有被冲上岸的垃圾和塑料残

骸已经有足够的挑战性，但最困难的问题在于清理所有的数以百万计

的微小的塑料微粒,这些微粒是不可能从沙子中捡起并分离出来的。

H.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。海洋面临着来自人类倾倒的废

物、放射性物质、泄漏的石油和河流的污染，海洋中所有生物的生存

都因海水被污染而受到了威胁。

1.B根据前句Alllivingthingsintheoceanareendangeredbyhumans

pollutingthewater.和后句Onewayisthedumping（倾倒）ofcertain

wastematerials,suchasgarbageandusedwater,intotheocean.可知,B项

“污染以一些方式发生”，承上启下，符合语境。故选B。

2.F根据后句Butafteryearsofbeingexposedtotheoceanwater,the

containersmaybegintoleak（漏）.可知,F项“这些物质在水中经常被放

到安全密封的容器里”符合语境。故选F。

3.C下文多次出现了oil这一词汇，由此可知此处指的是石油的泄漏

对海洋造成的危害。故选C。

4.D根据前句Riversalsocancontributetothepollutionofoceans.和

后句Fertilizersusedonthefarmlandsmaybecarriedtotheocean...可矢口

D项“很多河流接收来自农田的径流水”承上启下。故选Do

5.G根据前句Thesechemicalsslowlybuildupinfishandothersmall

animals.和后句Thebuild-upofthesechemicalsint