2024-2025学年山东省济南市高一上学期1月期末英语试卷

2024—2025学年山东省济南市高一上学期1月期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解(★★)MelbourneAirportisthesecondbusiestairportinAustralia.Ifyou’reoneofthoseluckypeoplepassingthroughMelbourne,here’swhatyouneedtoknowaboutit.MelbourneAirportCode,Location,andContactInformation•MelbourneAirportCode:MEL•Location:DepartureDr,Tullamarine,Victoria,Australia3045•Website:https://www.melbourneairport.com.au/•PhoneNumber:+61392971600KnowBeforeYouGoMelbourneAirportisabusyairportwithfourterminals(航站楼).Thereareclearsignsthroughouteachterminaltohelpyoumakeyourwaythroughcheck-inandsecurity.Beforeyourflight,youcancheckwhichterminalyourairlineisinontheMelbourneAirportwebsite.Ingeneral.Terminal1isaQantasdomesticcenter,Terminal2isinternationalflights.Terminal3isaVirginAustraliadomesticcenter,andTerminal4isallotherdomesticairlinessuchasJetstarandTigerAir.WheretoEatandDrinkMelbourneisabig,food-lovingcityanditshowsthatinitsairport.Whetheryou’relookingforaquickgrab-and-gomealorasit-downexperience,thereareplentyofchoices.SomeofthebestspotsforeatinganddrinkingincludeCafeVu(Terminal2),whichoffersFrench-inspiredfood.Brunetti(Terminals2and4)usanexcellentspotfortastingMelbourne’scoffeeandbitingintoanItaliandeasert.Baxa(Terminal2)isaVietnamesefast-casualrestaurantthatserveswarmnoodles.CheckoutTwoJohnsTaphouse(Terminal2and4)foralocalbeerandpubfood.WiFiandChargingStationMelbourneAirportoffersfreeWiFithroughoutitsterminals.Toconnecttothe“AirportFreeWiFi,”simplyenteryourdetails,acceptthetermsandconditions,andclick“startbrowsing.”Chargingstationsarefreelyavailableandlocatedthroughouttheairport.1.WhichterminaldopassengersneedtogotowhenflyingfromMelbournetoLondon?

A．Terminal1.B．Terminal2.C．Terminal3.D．Terminal4.2.WhichrestaurantinMelbourneAirportservesAsianfood?

A．Baxa.B．Brunetti.C．CafeVu.D．TwoJohnsTaphouse.3.WhatisrequiredforapassengertousefreeWiFi?

A．Buyingatelephonecard.B．Settingupanapplication.C．Fillinginpersonalinformation.D．Calling+61392971600forcode.(★★★)Natureismorethanbeautifulforonetolookat.ForIndonesiannatureconservationist(环保主义者)FarwizaFarhan,natureisasilentfriend.Asachild,Farhanoftenclimbedtreeswhenevershehadproblems,stayingthereuntilshecalmeddown.Naturehasalwaysbeenthereforher.Thisiswhyshehasbeentryingtobetherefornaturewhenitneedsherhelp.Farhanbroughtherlovefornaturetohercollegeyears.Shetookamaster’sdegreeinenvironmentalmanagementattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia.In2009,whilestudyingattheuniversity,shehadanopportunitytoworkwithCarbonCaptureandStorageInstitute,aninternationalthinktankthatfocusedoncarboncaptureandstoragetocutdownemissions(排放),andearnedsomemoney.In2012,alongwithseveralofhercoworkers,sheformedtheForest,Nature,andEnvironmentofAcehFoundation(HAkA).In2014,HAkAachievedonehugevictory.makinganoilcompanypay$30millionforthedamageitcausedtotheecosystem.FarhansaidthislandmarkvictorywashistoricbecauseitwasthefirsttimethatIndonesiahadfinedacompanyforburningforests.Besides,HAkAalsostoppedtheconstructionofadamthatputanelephanthabitatinIndonesiaatrisk.HAkA,nowa12-year-oldinstitution,alsohasprogramsforwomensuchasassistantlawyerandcitizenjournalismtrainingandforestguardgroups.Farhansaidtheysawaneedtoempowerwomenasprotectorsoftheenvironmentbecausewomenaremuchmoreaffectedbytheeffectsofenvironmentaldestructionandclimatechange.Theconservationistsaiddisasterssuchascropfailurescouldaffectthefinancialstatus(财政状况)offamilies,makingitmorelikelyforthemtoforcewomentobeinarrangedmarriagestogetoutofpovertyorrelocatetoareasfullofviolence.Farhanhaswonseveralawardsandshecommented,“Theworkshouldincludeeveryonefromallwalksoflife.Therecognitionbelongstoallfightingontheground.”4.WhatdidnaturemeantoyoungFarhan?

A．Amotherofallthings.B．Ashelterforwildlife.C．Amagicalthemepark.D．Acomfortingpartner.5.WhatdroveFarhantostartHAkA?

A．Herworkingpressure.B．Hereconomiccondition.C．Herprograminuniversity.D．Herpassionfromchildhood.6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkaboutconcerningHAkA?

A．Itsstrictstandards.B．Itsbusinessmodel.C．Itsmajorsuccesses.D．Itsrunningsystem.7.WhydidFarhancallonwomentobeenvironmentalfighters?

A．Theyaremoresubjecttoeco-crisis.B．Theirhopeforbetterjobsdisappears.C．Theyareloadedwithfamilyduties.D．Theirlifeisthreatenedbyviolence.(★★★)ManypeoplehaveanimmediatenegativereactiontothewordfatButaccordingtoanewstudy,fattissue(组织)itselfisvery,veryimportantforhealth.It’sanimportantplacetostoretheextraenergyinourbody.Fattissueissupposedtobestoredundertheskin.Ifitcan’tgothere,it’sgoingtootherplacessuchasyourliver,heartorpancreas(胰腺).Morefatinthoseorganscouldaffecthowwelltheyfunction.Exercisingregularlyovertimemakesfattissueamoreaccommodatingplaceforextraenergyunderconditionswhenwedogainweight.Toseehowexerciseimpactsfattissue,researcherscomparedfattissuejustundertheskinfromtwogroupsof16peoplewithoverweightproblem:thosewhoreportedexercisingatleastfourtimesaweekforatleast2years,andthosewhodidnotexerciseregularly.Peoplewhohadahistoryofregularexerciseinthepasthadfatcellswithfeaturesthatallowedthemtostoremorefat.Resultfromtheformergroupshowedseveralstructuralchangesinfattissue,includingslightlysmallerfatcellsandmoreofthem,andchangesinproteins(蛋白质)thatadjustbodyfatremodeling.However,manyoftheabovechangesdisappearedwhenregularexercisestopped.Dr.Horowitz,professorofmovementstudiesattheUniversityofMichigan,said,“Thisisoneofthebigreasonswhyitissoimportanttobephysicallyactivemostdays.Alotofthebody’sexerciseshelpyoutokeepgoinglongerorpushharderinyourworks.”Thekeytakeawayofthestudyisthatwe’rebroadeningourunderstandingofwhyitishelpfultoexercise.Therearesomanywaystoexercise,andfiguringoutawaytomakeitpartofthedailyroutineplaysanimportantrole.Ofcourse,youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorfirsttomakesureit’ssafe.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutfattissuefromParagraph1?

A．Itismostenergy-demanding.B．Ithaslittletodowithfatness.C．Itslocationmakesadifference.D．Itsfunctionistocontrolhealth.9.Howaretheparticipantsintheresearchgrouped?

A．Bytheirhealthproblem.B．Bytheirbodyweight.C．Bytheirworkouthabit.D．Bytheirpersonalhobby.10.WhatisstressedinParagraph3?

A．Weightlossdependsonlessfattissue.B．Exercisecanreshapeproteinstructure.C．Hardertrainingresultsinstrongerfattissue.D．Fattissueissensitivetoexercisefrequency.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A．Toraiseaproposal.B．Topresentevidence.C．Toprovethefinding.D．Toadvancethestudy.(★★★)Whydoesoneplusoneequaltwo?Onepossibleansweris“Itjustdoes!”Thatisreallyadifferentwayofsaying“BecauseIsaidso!”—ananswerthathasbeenannoyingchildrenforgenerations.Mathcanseemlikeaworldofrulesyoujusthavetofollow,whichmakesitseemboring.Butmyloveofmathissomewhatdrivenbymyloveofbreakingrulesoratleastpushingagainstthem,bothofwhichadvancehumanunderstandingandmathematicalunderstanding.Soratherthanthinkaboutwhyoneplusoneistwo,let’sgoalittlefurtherandquestionwhetherit’seventrueallthetime,myyouputonerabbitandanotherrabbittogether.Youmightendupwithmanyrabbits.Sometimes,ifyouputapileofsandontopofanother,thenyoujustgetonepileofsand.AndifIsay“I’mnotnothungry,”thatmeans“I’mhungry.”Youmightthinkthatthesearen’treallysituationsinwhichoneplusoneequalssomethingelse,becausetheyaren’treallyaddition,orbecausethosearen’treallynumbers.You’rewelcometothinkthat,butthat’snotwhatmathdoes.Mathinsteadsays:Let’sworkoutthecontextinwhichoneplusonereallydoesequaltwo,andcontextsinwhichitdoesn’t.Mathisn’treallyaboutgettingtherightanswer,it’saboutbuildinggoodexplanations.Imagineweweredesigningajungle(丛林)gymforchildren.We’dwanttotestitineverypossiblewaytomakesureit’ssafe.We’dwanttojumponit,fallfromit,andtrytopullitoutoftheground,ratherthansimplytrustingthatwebuiltitwell.Thesolidityofmathcomesfromwantingtoknowourframework(框架)willholdup.Oneofthereasonswhytheframeworkissostrongisthatwequestionitsodeeply.Ihopethatwewillstartseeingmathematicsasaplacetoraisequestionsandexploreanswers,ratherthanaplacewheretheanswersarefixedandwe’resupposedtoknowthem.12.Whydoestheauthorlovemath?

A．Heenjoysthenumbergames.B．Hefindsuncertaintyinmath.C．Helikesgoingbeyondrules.D．Heknowsandfearsnothing.13.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

A．Contextsdecidemathresults.B．Oneplusonealwaysequalstwo.C．Additionissometimesconfusing.D．Thereisnotricktolearningmath.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningajunglegym?

A．Safetycomesfirst.B．Testoutplaystrust.C．Mathkeepsmenexact.D．Practicemakesperfect.15.Howareweexpectedtolearnmathaccordingtothetext?

A．Teamupeffectively.B．Questionreasonably.C．Reviewpatiently.D．Countfrequently.(★★★)Youcanlivealow-wastelifestyle.Thekeyistobecreativeaboutredesigningyourbehavior.Hereareafewsimplewaystoreduceyourtrashoutput.Writealistofthetrashyouproduce.Organizeitbytheroomsinyourhouseorbyactivity.Youmightwrite“foodwaste,plasticbagsandmetalcans”under“cooking”,etc.Thiswillhelpyoutrackthetrashyou’recreating.16.Lookattheemptycontainersyouarethrowingawayandfigureoutalow-wastesolution.Reusetheminsteadofbuyingnewones.17.Youmayalsoconsiderusinganemptyteacontainertostorerice.18.YoucancutoldT-shirtsintopiecesforcleaningup.Moreover,thinkabouthowtocreativelysaveyourfood.Forexample,putoverripebananasinthefreezertomakebananabreadlater.Oruseanorangeskintomakeacandleusingvegetableoil.Alow-wastelifestyleisn’tjustaboutwhatyoudoathome.19.Chooseadigitalreceiptatshopsinsteadofapaperone.Wheneatingout,bringyourownreusablefork.Oraskthewaiterstofillupyourowncoffeecupinsteadofasingle-useone.Remember,reducingwasteisaboutfindingsustainablechangesthatfityourlifestyle.20..You’llbepartofthesolutiontoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatechange.

A．Startsmallandbuildup.B．Wastewillendupinlandfills.C．Theycanbegivenbacktoshops.D．Trytorescuewhatevercanbeused.E．YoucanuseemptyboxestostorecandiesF．Thus,youcanidentifymanageablewaystoreduceit.G．Itisalsoaboutlookingforwaystoautwasteelsewhere二、完形填空(★★★)WhenIfinallyachievedmylifelongdreamtocompletemyPhD(博士学位),itwaswithmydaughter.Ihadalwayshad_______inmystudies.BythetimeIcompletedmyMaster’sinEconomicsin1985,IwassurethatI_______togetaPhD.Withinayearaftermypostgraduate,Ifaceda_______intheroad:Ajobopportunity.Idecidedtoputmydegree_______.Afewyearsdowntheline,Igotmarriedandhadmyfirstchild.In2007,opportunitycame_______again.ButperhapsI_______toosoon.Oneday,duringanearly-morninghike,Isuddenly_______andfell,seriouslyinjuringmyleftankle.Sixmonthslater,_______asIwas,thestepsforPhDwereallimpossible.Forthenextfiveyears,I_______onnewpostingsandmydayswerefilledwithworkandfamily.WhenmyelderdaughterShreyabeganaPhD,itseemedliketheperfectopportunityto________heronthePhDjourney.InDecember2012,Ieventually________myPhDprogrammeatDelhiUniversity.Istillremembertheprofessorandstudentslooked________surprisedwhentheysawa50-somethingstudentinclass.Lifegetsinthewayand________youoffcourse.Butstaying________totheoriginalselfandhavingbeliefinyourselfmakeallthedifference,especiallywhenyou’reontheroadless________.21.A．confidenceB．supportC．timeD．trouble22.A．managedB．wantedC．daredD．begged23.A．crashB．signC．forkD．stage24.A．inhandB．inreturnC．onpurposeD．onhold25.A．missingB．knockingC．warningD．cheering26.A．droppedB．changedC．celebratedD．agreed27.A．trippedB．movedC．stoppedD．rushed28.A．groundedB．excitedC．alarmedD．pained29.A．reliedB．focusedC．checkedD．planned30.A．encourageB．trustC．pushD．partner31.A．quittedB．copiedC．discoveredD．started32.A．predictablyB．comfortablyC．strangelyD．coldly33.A．sendsB．burnsC．forcesD．cuts34.A．simpleB．equalC．trueD．clear35.A．travelledB．openedC．blockedD．preferred三、语法填空(★★)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Peruisacountry36.thePacificcoastofSouthAmerica.It37.(have)threemainareas:narrow,dry,andflatland38.(run)alongshecoast,theAndesMountains,andtheAmazonrainforest.Inthepast,Peru39.(rule)bySpainfromthesixteenthcenturyto1821.ItisforthisreasonthatSpanishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.(★)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。Therearesignsbeforenaturaldisasters.Butpeopletendnottothinkmuchofthem.NeitherdidpeopleinTangshanin1976.At3:42a.m.onJuly28,40.theearthbegantoshake,the41.(city)onemillionpeoplewereasleepasusual.Oneofthemostdeadly42.(earthquake)ofthe20thcenturydestroyedallthecityalmostinlessthanoneminute.(★★)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。ThespiritoftheAswanDamprojectisstillalivetoday.Itshowsthatifaproblemseemstoodifficultfor43.singlenation,the44.(globe)communitycansometimesprovideasolution.Thousandsofengineersandworkersrescued22templesandcountlessculturalrelics.UNESCOhasma