2024年医学考博英语统考真题

全国醫學博士外語统一考试英語试卷PaperOnePartIListeningComprehension(30%)SectionA1.A.Itwascalledoffunexpectedly.B.Itraisedmoremoneythanexpected.C.Itreceivedfewerpeoplethanexpected.D.Itdisappointedthewomanfortheman’sabsence.2.A.Athoraciccase.B.Anervousdisorder.C.Astomachproblem.D.Apsychiatriccondition.3.A.Inthehousingofficeoncampus.B.Inthedowntownhotel.C.Atarentalagency.D.Inthenursinghome.4.A.Trilled.B.RefreshedC.Exhausted.D.Depressed.5.A.Totravelwithhisparents.B.Toorganizeapicnicinthecountry.C.Tocruise,evenwithouthisfriends.D.TotakeaflighttotheMaldives.6.A.He’sgotarevert.B.He’sgotnausea.C.He’sgotdiarrhea.D.He’sgotarunnynose.7.A.Tosuturetheman’swound.B.Toremovethebitsofglass.C.Todisinfecttheman’sinjured.D.Totakeacloselookattheman’swound.8.A.Mr.Lindleyhadgotinjured.B.Mr.Lindleyhadfallenasleep.C.Mr.Lindleyhadfallenoffhischair.D.Mr.Lindleyhadlostconsciousness.9.A.ShewillapplytoDukeUniversity.B.ShewillprobablyattendtheUniversityofTexas.C.Shemadeuphermindtogiveupschoolforwork.D.ShechoseDukeUniversityovertheUniversityofTexas.10.A.Herboyfriendbrokeupwithher.B.Shewasalmostrunoverbyatruck.C.Oneofherfriendswasemotionallyhurt.D.Shedumpedherboyfriend’struckintheriver.11.A.Thepatientwillnotacceptthedoctor’srecommendation.B.Thedoctorlostcontroloftheallergicreaction.C.Thedoctorfindsithardtodecidewhattodo.D.Themedicineisnotavailabletothepatient.12.A.Itwasmoreexpensivethantheoriginalprice.B.Itwasgiventothewomanasagift.C.Itwasthelastarticleonsale.D.Itwasagoodbargain.13.A.excited.B.Impatient.C.Indifferent.D.Concerned.14.A.Sheregretsbuyingthecar.B.Thecarjustarrivedyesterday.C.Shewillcertainlynotbuythecar.D.Thisisthecarshehasbeenwanting.15.A.Heisseriouslyill.B.Hisworkisamess.C.Theweatherislousythisweek.D.Hehasbeenworkingunderpressure.SectionBPassageOne16.A.Hehasgotbowelcancer.B.Hehasgotheartdisease.C.Hehasgotbonecancer.D.Hehasgotheartburn.17.A.Tohaveacolonoscopy.B.Toseekasecondopinion.C.Tobenutonchemotherapy.D.Tohavehisbowelremoved.18.A.Aprettyminorsurgery.B.Anormallifeaheadofhim.C.Amiracleinhiscomingyears.D.Alifewithoutanyinconveniences.19.A.Thankful.B.Admiring.C.Resentful.D.Respectful.20.A.Itwasbasedonthesymptomsthatmanhaddescribed.B.Itwasprescribedconsideringpossiblecomplications.C.Iwasgivenaccordingtotheman’sactualcondition.D.Itwaseffectivebecauseofaproperintervention.PassageTwo21.A.SmokingandLungCancer.B.LungCancerandthesexes.C.Howtoquitsmoking.D.Howtopreventlungcancer.22.A.Currentsmokersexclusively.B.Second-handsmokers.C.Withalungproblems.D.Atage40orover.23.A.156B.269C.7498D.942724.A.Smokingistheculpritincausinglungcancer.B.Womenaremorevulnerableinlungcancerthanmen.C.Womenarefoundtobemoreaddictedtosmokingthanmen.D.Whenstruckbylungcancer,menseemtolivelongerthanmen.25.A.Lungcancercanbeearlydetected.B.Lungcancerisdeadlybutpreventable.C.Lungcancerisfatalandunpredictable.D.Smokingaffectsthelungsofmenandwomendifferently.PassageThree26.A.AhobbyB.ThewholeworldC.learningexperience.D.Acareertoearnaliving27.A.HerlegswerebrokenB.HerarmswerebrokenC.HershoulderswereseverelyinjuredD.Hercervicalvertebratewereseriouslyinjured.28.A.ShelearnedaforeignlanguageB.Shelearnedtomakefriends.C.Shelearnedtobeateacher.D.Shelearnedalivingskills.29.A.Sheworkedasaskiingcoach.B.Shewasacollegeinstructor.C.Shewasasocialworkerinaclinic.D.Sheworkedaselementaryschoolteacher.30.A.Optimisticandhard-bitten.B.Pessimisticandcynical.C.Humorousandfunny.D.Kindandreliable.PartIIVocabulary(10%)SectionA31.I’mafraidthatyou’llhaveto___________thedeteriorationn.惡化；退化；堕落ofthecondition.A.accountfor對…负有责任；對…做出解释；阐明……的原因；导致；（比例）占B.callfor规定；需要；倡导；邀請；為…叫喊C.lookfor寻找D.makefor导致；有助于；走向32.Twelvehoursaweekseemedagenerousadj.慷慨的，大方的；宽宏大量的；有雅量的___________ofyourtimetothenursinghome.A.afflictionn.苦难；苦恼；折磨B.alternativeadj.供选择的；选择性的；交替的n.二中择一；供替代的选择C.allocationn.分派，配置；安顿（locationn.位置（形容詞locational）；地點；外景拍摄場地）D.alliancen.联盟，联合；联姻33.Everyproductis_________testedbeforebeingputintomarket.A.expensivelyB.exceptionallyadv.异常地；特殊地；例外地C.exhaustivelyadv.耗尽一切地D.exclusivelyadv.唯一地；专有地；排外地34.Havingcleanhandsisoneofthe___________ruleswhenpreparingfood.A.potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有說服力的B.conditionaladj.有条件的；假定的n.条件句；条件語C.inseparableadj.[数]不可分割的；不能分离的n.不可分离的事物；形影不离的朋友D.cardinaln.紅衣主教；枢机主教；鲜紅色；【鳥类】(北美)主紅雀adj.重要的，基本的；深紅色的35.Theeducatorsshouldtryhardtodevelopthe________abilitiesofchildren.A.cohesiveadj.有結合力的；紧密結合的；有粘著力的B.cognitiveadj.认知的，认识的C.collectiveadj.集体的；共同的；集合的；集体主义的n.集团；集合体；集合名詞D.comicadj.喜剧的；滑稽的；有趣的n.连环漫画；喜剧演员；滑稽人物36.Mortgagevt.抵押n.抵押房屋抵押贷款___________hadriseninthelastyearbecausethenumberoflow-incomefamilieswasontheincrease.A.defectsn.缺陷，缺陷；局限性之处vi.变节；叛变B.deficitsn.赤字；局限性额C.defaultsvi.拖欠；不履行；不到場n.违约；缺席；缺乏；系统默认值vt.不履行；不参与（比赛等）；對…处以缺席裁判（faultn.故障；[地质]断层；錯误；缺陷；毛病；（网球等）发球失误vi.弄錯；产生断层）D.deceptionsn.欺骗，欺诈；骗术37.Thesymptomsn.[临床]症状；症候；病徵maybe__________bycertaindrugs.A.exaggeratedadj.夸张的，言過其实的v.夸张，夸张B.exacerbatedvt.使加剧；使惡化；激怒=aggravateC.exceededadj.非常的；過度的；溢出的v.超過（exceed的過去分詞）；越出D.exhibitedadj.展出的v.展出；体現出（exhibit的過去分詞）38.Herstorywasacompleteadj.完整的；完全的；彻底的vt.完毕_________fromstarttofinish,sonobodybelievedinher.A.facilityn.设施；设备；轻易；机灵B.fascinationn.魅力；魔力；入迷（adj.fascinating

迷人的；吸引人的；使人神魂颠倒的fascinated

著迷的；被深深吸引的）C.fabricationn.制造，建造；装配；伪造物（n.fabric

织物；布；组织；构造；fabricator

制作者；杜撰者v.fabricated

制造，组装；伪造，捏造（fabricate的過去分詞）vt.fabricate

制造；伪造；装配）D.facultyn.科，系；能力；全体教员39.Thepoliceinvestigatingthetrafficaccidenthavenotruledout排除；取消；划去；反對；制止_________.A.salvagen.打捞；海上救济；急救财货；救难的奖金vt.急救；海上救济B.safeguardn.[安全]保护；保卫；保护措施vt.[安全]保护，护卫C.sabotagevt.妨害；對…采用破壞行動vi.從事破壞活動n.破壞；破壞活動；怠工D.sacrificen.牺牲；祭品；供奉vt.牺牲；献祭；赔本发售vi.献祭；奉献40.Thegovernmentalways_________onthebackgroundn.背景；隐蔽的位置vt.作…的背景adj.背景的；公布背景材料的ofemployeeswhoarehiredforsensitivemilitaryprojects.A.takesup拿起；開始從事；占据(時间,地方)B.checksup检查；查對（checkout检查；結账离開；通過考核；盖章

，結账後离開，結帐後离開，办理退房、出院手续）C.worksout处理；算出；实現；制定出；消耗完；弄懂；锻炼D.looksinto调查；观测；窥视；浏览；看SectionB41.The19thcenturyphysiologyn.生理學；生理机能wasdominatedvt.控制；支配；占优势；在…中占重要地位vi.占优势；处在支配地位bythestudyofthetransformationsoffoodenergyintobodymass体重andactivity.A.boostedadj.升高的；升压的；加力的v.提高，推進；宣传（boost的過去式）B.governedv.管理（govern的過去式和過去分詞）；统治；支配C.clarifiedadj.澄清的；透明的v.阐明（clarify的過去分詞形式）；澄清D.pioneeredv.倡导；作先驱（pioneer的過去式）42.Surely,itwouldbesensibleadj.明智的合乎情理的通情达理的意识到的，能感覺到的togetasecondopinionbeforetakinganyfurtheraction.

采用深入行動，深入的行動A.realisticadj.現实的；現实主义的；逼真的；实在论的B.sensitiveadj.敏感的；感覺的；[仪]敏捷的；感光的；易受伤害的；易受影响的n.敏感的人；有灵异能力的人C.reasonableadj.合理的，公道的；通情达理的D.sensationaladj.轰動的；耸人听闻的；非常好的；使人感動的（economicsanction

經济制裁）43.TheChinesepeopleholdtheancestorsn.祖先；被继承人ingreatveneration.n.尊敬；崇拜（Ancestorveneration

祖先崇拜）A.recognitionn.识别；承认，认出；重视；赞誉；公认B.sincerityn.真实，诚挚C.heritagen.遗产；老式；继承物；继承权D.honourn.荣誉；尊敬；勋章vt.尊敬；[金融]承兑；承兑遠期票据44.Iworkedtodeveloptherequisiteskill必要技能（requisiteadj.必备的，必不可少的；需要的n.必需品）formanagerialadj.[管理]管理的；經理的post.n.岗位；邮件；標杆vt.张贴；公布；邮递；布置vi.迅速行進A.perfectadj.完美的；最佳的；精通的vt.使完美；使纯熟n.完毕式B.exquisiteadj.精致的；细腻的；优美的，高雅的；异常的；n.服饰過于讲究的男子C.uniqueadj.独特的，稀罕的；[数]唯一的，独一無二的n.独一無二的人或物D.necessaryadj.必要的；必需的；必然的n.必需品45.Ifexerciseisabodilymaintenanceactivity

维修活動andanindexn.指標；指数；索引；指针vi.做索引vt.指出；编入索引中ofphysiologicalage生理年龄,thelackofsufficientexercisemayeithercauseorhastenaging.两者择一的；要么…要么…A.instancen.实例；状况；提议vt.举...為例B.indicatorn.指示器；[试剂]指示剂；[计]指示符；压力计C.appearancen.外貌，外观；出現，露面D.optionn.[计]选项；选择权；买卖的特权（potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有說服力的）46.ThedoctoradvisedKentoavoidstrenuousexercise剧烈运動.（strenuousadj.紧张的；费力的；奋发的；艰苦的；热烈的）A.arduousadj.努力的；费力的；险峻的B.demandingadj.苛求的；规定高的；吃力的v.规定；查問（demand的ing形式）C.potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有說服力的D.continuousadj.持续的，持续的；继续的；连绵不停的47.Thehospitalshouldbeheldaccountablefor负责，對…应付责任thequalityofcare护理质量itdelivers.A.practicableadj.可用的；行得通的；可实行的B.reliableadj.可靠的；可信赖的n.可靠的人C.flexibleadj.灵活的；柔韧的；易弯曲的D.responsibleadj.负责的，可靠的；有责任的48.Greenpeacen.绿色和平组织（保护動物不遭捕猎等）hasbeeninvitetoappraisevt.评价，鉴定；估价theenvironmentcostsofsuchanoperation.A.esteemvt.尊敬；认為；考虑；估价n.尊重；尊敬B.appreciatevt.欣赏；感謝；领會；鉴别vi.增值；涨价C.evaluatevt.评价；估价；求…的值vi.评价；估价D.approvevt.同意；赞成；為…提供证据vi.同意；赞成；满意49.Thecompanystillhopestofindabuyer,butthefuturelooksbleak.adj.阴冷的；荒芜的，無遮蔽的；黯淡的，無但愿的；冷酷的；單调的A.chillyadj.寒冷的；怕冷的B.dismaladj.凄凉的，忧郁的；阴沉的，沉闷的n.低落的情绪C.promisingadj.有但愿的，有前途的v.許诺，答应（promise的目前分詞形式）D.fanaticn.狂热入迷者；盲信者；盲信adj.狂热的；盲信的50.Thesewerevitaladj.至关重要的；生死攸关的；有活力的decisionsn.决定，决心；决策thatboreupon（bearupon）有关；瞄准；對…施加压力thehappinessofeverybody.A.ensuredvt.保证，保证；使安全B.ruinedn.废墟；毁壞；灭亡vt.消灭；使破产vi.破产；堕落；被消灭C.achievedvt.获得；获得；实現；成功vi.到达预期的目的，实現预期的成果，如愿以偿D.influencedn.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事vt.影响；变化PartIIICloze(10%)Aresomepeopleborncleverandothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencen.智力；情报工作；情报机关；理解力developedbyourenvironmentandourexperiences?Strangely___51___,theanswertoboththesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextent在一定程度上；在某种程度上ourintelligenceisgivenusatbirth生下来時（innateadj.先天的；固有的；与生俱来的）,andnoamountof虽然再大（或再多）的…（也不）specialeducationcanmakeageniusn.天才，天赋；精神___52____achildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand另首先,achildwholivesinboringadj.無聊的；令人厌烦的environmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthantheonewholivesinrichandvariedsurrounding.Thusthe___53___ofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhis___54___.Thisview,notheldbymostexpertscanbesupportedinanumberofways.Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextent在一定程度上；在某种程度上___55___wearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationship血统；血缘关系betweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeople___56___,itislikelythattheirdegreesofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.Ifontheotherhandwetaketwoidenticaltwins[遗]同卵双胞胎；[妇产]單卵性双胎theywilllikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhave___57___intelligenceandthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.___58___nowthatwetakeidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexampletoauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Wewouldsoonfinddifferencesinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesvt.表明；指出；预示；象征thatenvironment___59___birthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythe___60___thatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother.Butwhoarenotrelatedatall,arelikelytohavesimilardegreesofintelligence.53.A.amountsn.数量，總额（amount的复数）v.總和（amount的第三人称單数形式）B.qualities[记录]品质C.limitsn.限制；程度；界线vt.限制；限定D.scoresn.分数；二拾；配乐；刻痕vt.获得；评价；划线，刻划；把…记下vi.得分；记分；刻痕54.A.dispositionn.处置；[心理]性情；[軍]布署；倾向B.perceptionn.知覺；[生理]感覺；見解；洞察力；获取C.endowmentn.捐赠；捐助；捐款；天资56.A.inadvanceadv.预先，提前B.foreffect為了給人良好的印象；為了得到效果C.atrandom胡乱地；随便地；任意地D.underway進行中；航行中；在行進57.A.similaradj.相似的n.类似物B.variousadj.多种各样的；多方面的C.appropriateadj.合适的；恰當的；合适的vt.占用，拨出D.inbornadj.天生的；先天的PartIVReadingComprehension(30%)PassageOne1.Fourteen-year-oldSeanMeCallumlayinahospitalbedwaitingforanewheart.Withoutit,Seanwoulddie.Sean’scaseisnotunusual.Everydaymanypeoplediebecausetherejustaren’tenoughhumanorganstogoaround.到处走動；供应；（消息）流传2.Nowscientistssaytheycanalterthegeneticmake-up基因构成，遗传构成ofcertainanimalssothattheirorgansmaybeacceptableto使...可接受humans.Withthisgene-alteringtechniquetoovercomevt.克服；胜過vi.克服；得胜（comeover過来；顺便来访；抓住）ourimmunerejection免疫排斥toforeignorgans,scientistshopetousepigheartfortransplantsvt.移植；迁移；使移居n.移植；移植器官；被移植物；移居者vi.移植；迁移；移居bytheyear.3.Thatprospectn.前途；预期；景色vi.勘探，找矿vt.勘探，勘察,however,hasstirredup激起；煽動；搅拌；唤起strongoppositionn.反對；反對派；在野党；敌對amonganimalfightactivities.Theyprotestvi.抗议；断言vt.抗议；断言n.抗议adj.表达抗议的；抗议性的thatthewholeideaofusinganimalorgansiscrueladj.残酷的，残忍的；使人痛苦的，让人受难的；無情的，严酷的andunjust.adj.不公平的，不公正的；非正义的.Somescientistsalsofearsuchtransplantsmaytransmitvt.传播；传播；发射；传达；遗传unknowndiseasestohumans.4.Othersbelievetransplantinganimalorgansintohumansisunnecessary.Millionsofdollarsspentonbreedingpigsfortheirorganscouldbebetterspentonhealtheducationprograms.Theybelieveseventy-fivepercentoftheheartdiseasecasesthatleadtoaneedfororgantransplantarepreventableadj.可防止的；可制止的；可防止的.Thekeyistoconvincepeopletoeathealthily,andnottosmokeordrinkalcohol.Scientistscouldalsouseresearchfundstoimproveartificialadj.人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的organs.5.Stillothersbelievethatthoughnewinventionsandpreventionprogramsmayhelp,spendingmoneytoencouragemorepeopletodonatetheirorgansisanevenbetteridea.Ifenoughpeoplewereeducatedaboutorgandonations,everyonewhoneededanorgancouldbetakenoff起飞；脱下；离開thewaitinglistinayear.61.Whatistheproblemthepassagebeginswith?A.Highmortalityrateofimmunerejection.B.Amalpracticen.玩忽职守；不法行為；治疗不妥inhearttransplantation.C.Anunusualcaseoforgantransplant.D.Ashortageofhumanorgans.62.Notonlyisthegene-alteringtechniqueatechnicalissue技术問題,accordingtothepassagebutalsoit_________________________.A.introducesanissueofinhumanityn.不人道，無人性；残暴B.raisestheissueofjusticen.司法，法律制裁；正义；法官，审判员inmedicineC.presentsasignificantadj.重大的；有效的；故意义的；值得注意的；意味深長的n.象征；故意义的事物threattohumannature人性；人类本性D.pushesthepracticeoforgantransplanttothelimits63.Doubtfulofthenecessityofusinganimalorgans,somescientists___________________.A.aretonarrowadj.狭窄的，有限的；勉强的；精密的；度量小的n.海峡；狭窄部分，隘路vt.使变狭窄thescopen.范围；余地；视野；眼界；导弹射程vt.审阅oforgantransplantsB.switchtov.切换到；转到；转变成thedevelopmentofartificialorgansC.comeupwith提出；想出；赶上alternativestothecurrentproblemD.setoutto打算，著手,開始purchasen.购置；紧握；起重装置vt.购置；赢得vi.购置東西betterwaysoftreatingheartdisease64.Itcanbeinferredfrom推断theconcludingparagraphofthepassagethat__________________.A.thegene-alteringtechniquewillhelpthosewaitingfororgantransplantsB.thepresentsupplyofhumanorgansstillhaspotentialn.潜能；也許性；[電]電势adj.潜在的；也許的；势的（potentadj.有效的；强有力的，有权势的；有說服力的）tobeexploredvt.探索；探测；探险C.peopleprefertheuseofanimalorgansformedicalpurposesn.目的；用途；意志vt.决心；企图；打算D.thegene-alteringtechniqueleavesmuchtobelieved65.Theinformationthepassagecarriesis__________________________.A.enlighteningadj.使人领悟的；有启发作用的v.启蒙；告知（enlighten的ing形式）B.unbelievableadj.难以置信的；不可信的C.imaginativeadj.虚构的；富于想象的；有发明力的（imaginable

也許的；可想像的）D.factualadj.事实的PassageTwo1.Thereisagreatironyn.挖苦；反語；具有挖苦意味的事adj.铁的；似铁的of21stcenturyglobalhealth:Whilemanyhundredsofmillionsof数以亿计peoplelackadequateadj.充足的；合适的；胜任的foodasaresultofeconomicinequitiesn.不公平，不公正,politicalcorruption政治腐败（corruptionn.贪污，腐败；堕落）,orwarfaren.战争；冲突,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointof到达…的程度increasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityn.肥大，肥胖isaworldwidephenomenonn.現象；奇迹；杰出的人才,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertvt.转移；使…欢娱；使…转向scarceresources稀有资源（scarceadj.缺乏的，局限性的；稀有的adv.仅仅；几乎不；几乎没有）awayfromfoodsecurity粮食安全；食品安全；食物保障totakecareofpeoplewithpreventableadj.可防止的；可制止的；可防止的heartdiseaseanddiabetes.n.糖尿病；多尿症2.Toreversen.背面；相反；倒退；失败vt.颠倒；倒转adj.背面的；颠倒的；反身的theobesityepidemicadj.流行的；传染性的n.传染病；流行病；風尚等的流行,wemustaddressvt.演說；從事；忙于；写姓名地址；向…致辞；与…說话；提出；处理n.地址；演讲；致辞；說话的技巧；称呼thefundamentalcause主线原因.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythanisexpendedvt.花费；消耗；用光；耗尽inactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessphysicallyactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theymakepeoplewithexpendableadj.可消费的；排出的；不反复使用的；可牺牲的n.消耗品incomeintoconsumersofaggressivelyadv.侵略地；袭击地；有闯劲地（侵略=aggress;aggression;invade;invasion）（exaggeratedadj.夸张的，言過其实的v.夸张，夸张aggravatevt.加重；使惡化；激怒）marketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue营养价值,andofcars,televisionset,andcomputersthatpromotesedentaryadj.久坐的；坐惯的；定栖的；静坐的behaviour.Gainingweightaregoodbusiness.Foodisparticularlybusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.3.Moreoveradv.并且；此外,foodissooverproducedvt.過度生产thatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefarmorethan遠遠超過，多得多的theyneed-anotherirony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeadj.极端的；极度的；偏激的；尽頭的n.极端；末端；最大程度；极端的事物example,mostadultsofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensusvt.实行记录调查n.人口普查，人口调查categoriesn.种类，分类；[数]范围–areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredvt.需要；规定；命令bymanyadults.Overabundantadj.太充足的；過多的foodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largeportions.Andcampaignsvi.作战；参与竞选；参与活動n.运動；活動；战役directedtowardchildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeedadv.确实；实在；真正地；甚至,itisdifficulttothinkofanymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleeatlessfood;certainlynottheagriculture,foodproduct,groceryn.食品杂货店,restaurant,dietordrugindustries.Allflourishn.兴旺；茂盛；挥動；炫耀；华饰vt.夸耀；挥動vi.繁华，兴旺；茂盛；活跃；处在旺盛時期whenpeopleeatmore.Andallemployarmiesoflobbyistsn.說客；活動议案通過者todiscouragevt.制止；使灰心governmentfromdoinganythingtoinhibitvt.克制；严禁=bar

；restrain

；control

；

stayovereating.66.Thegreatironyof21stcenturyglobalpublichealthrefersto_____________.A.thecauseofobesityanditscounteractiveadj.反作用的；抵御的；反對的n.反作用；抵御，對抗；反對measuresB.theinsufficientandsuperfluousadj.多出的；不必要的；奢侈的consumptionoffoodC.thescarcenaturalresourceandthegreenoffoodsourceD.theconsumptionn.消费；消耗；肺痨offoodandtheincreasedriskfordiet-relateddiseases67.Toaddressthefundamentalcauseoftheobesityepidemic,accordingtothepassage,is_______.A.toimprovepoliticalandeconomicmanagementB.tocopewith处理，应付theenergyimbalanceissueC.tocombatvt.反對；与…战斗n.战斗；争论adj.战斗的；為…斗争的diet-relatedchronicdiseasesD.toincreaseinvestmentinglobalhealth68.Aswecanlearnfromthepassage,thesecondironyrefersto参照；波及；指的是；合用于_____________.A.affluencen.富裕；丰富；流入；汇聚andobesityB.foodenergyandnutritionalvalueC.foodbusinessandeconomicprosperity經济繁华；发展生产（prosperityn.繁华，成功）D.diseasesofcivilizationn.文明；文化andpathologyn.病理（學）;异常状态ofinactivity69.Asaresultofthethirdirony,people_____________________.A.consume3800kilocaloriesonadailybasisB.complainaboutfoodoverproductionC.havetoraisetheirfoodexpensesD.aredriventowards朝...方向驱使（DriveTowardsTheLight

驶向光明drivetowardssouth

照南開DriveTowardsZero

零排放）weightgain70.Whichofthefollowingcanbeexcludedvt.排除；排斥；拒绝接纳；逐出aswecanunderstandbasedonthepassage?A.Theeconomicdimension.經济局面（层面）B.Thepoliticaldimension政治方面（层面）C.Thehumaneadj.仁慈的，人道的；崇高的dimension.人文方面（层面）D.Thedietaryn.饮食的规定；食谱adj.饮食的，饭食的，规定食物的dimension饮食层面注：dimensionn.方面;[数]维；尺寸；次元；容积vt.標出尺寸adj.规格的3-dimension

三维PassageThree1.Womenfindamasculineadj.男性的；阳性的；男子气概的n.男性；阳性，阳性詞（musclen.肌肉；力量vt.加强；使劲搬動；使劲挤出）facewithalargejawn.颌；下巴；狭窄入口；唠叨vt.教训；對…唠叨andaprominentadj.突出的，明显的；杰出的；卓越的brown.眉，眉毛；额；表情moreattractivewhentheyaremorelikelytoconceivevt.怀孕；构思；认為；持有，accordingtoastudypublishedintheJune24Nature.Before,during,andjustaftermenstruationn.[生理]月經；月經期间；有月經，however,theyseemtobedrawnto被…所吸引lessangularadj.[生物]有角的；生硬的，拙笨的；瘦削的,more“feminine”adj.女性的；妇女（似）的；阴性的；娇柔的malefaces,theresearchersreport.2.“Otherstudiesoffemalepreferencen.偏愛，倾向；优先权,mainlyforodorsn.气味；名声,showchangesacrossthemenstrualcycle生理]月經周期,”saysleadingauthorIanPenton-VoakoftheUniversityofSt.AndrewsonScotland.“wethoughtitwouldbeinterestingtolookatvisualadj.视覺的，视力的；栩栩如生的preferencesandseeiftheychangedalso.3.Theresearchshowed39Japanesewomencompositen.复合材料；合成物；菊科adj.复合的；合成的；菊科的vt.使合成；使混合malefacesthatemphasizedmasculineorfemininefacialfeatures面部特性；面容todifferingdegrees.Thewomenpreferredvt.更喜欢；宁愿；提出；提高imageswithmoremasculinefeatures男性特性whentheywereinthefertileadj.富饶的，肥沃的；能生育的phasen.相；阶段；[天]位相vt.使定相；逐渐执行oftheirmensesn.[生理]月經；[生理]行經butfavoredmorefemininefeaturesduringtheirlessfertilephase.4.Thetypeoffacewomenfindattractivealsoseemstodependonthekindofrelationshiptheywishtopursuevt.继续；從事；追赶；纠缠,accordingtoanotherexperiment.Thecyclicpreferencefor偏愛…muscularfaceswasevidentadj.明显的；明白的=obvious

/

distinct

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visibleamong23Britishwomenaskedtochoosethemostattractivefaceforashort-termadj.短期的relationship,Penton-Voaksays.The26womenaskedtochooseanattractivefaceforalong-termrelationship長期关系,however,preferredthemorefemininefeaturesthroughouttheirmenstrualcycle.5.Another22womenwhowereusingoralcontraceptives[药]口服避孕药didnotshowmonthlychangesinthefacestheypreferredevenfor

虽然對于short-termrelationships,indicatingthat表明,正在翻译,成果表明(indicatevt.表明；指出；预示；象征)hormonesn.[生理]激素，荷尔蒙mightplayarolein在……起作用determiningvt.决定，确定；鉴定，判决；限定attractivenessn.吸引力；困惑力,Penton-Voaksays.6.Menwhosefaceshavesomefemininesoftnessn.温柔；柔和areperceivedas“kinder’menwhomaymakebetterhusbandsandpartners,headds,whitemachoadj.大男子气概的n.强健男子；大丈夫featuresmaybeassociatedwith和…联络在一起；与……有关，与……有关系highertestosterone(睾丸素)levelsandgoodgenes.Hecautionsn.小心，谨慎；警告，警示vt.警告,however,thatresearchhasn’tyetshownalinkbetweenawoman’spreferencesinsuchtestsandheractualbehavior实际行為.71.Theresearchersmadeastudyon_____________________.A.women’smenstrualcycleB.men’spreferredfemaleimagesC.women’svisualpreferencesofmenD.men’smasculineandfemininefeatures72.Womenaredrawntoamasculineface,accordingtotheresearchers,whenthey___________.A.growtobefeminineB.areonoralcontraceptives[药]口服避孕药C.arereadyforconceptionn.怀孕；概念；设想；開始D.areonmenstruationn.[生理]月經；月經期间；有月經73.ItwasfoundinBritainthatwomen’spreferredmaleimageswereinfluencedby受…的影响___________.A.theirfamilyplanningB.theyearsofmarriagetheyhadC.thelengthoftheirmenstrualcycle[生理]月經周期D.thetermorrelationshiptheyseek74.Justbecausethestudiesoffemalepreferencesshowchangesacrossthemenstrualcycle,asPenton-Voakimplies,doesnotmeanthat__________________.A.visualpreferencesdoexistvi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在B.awomanactsthiswayisrealityn.現实；实际；真实C.amanwillbuyintothephenomenonn.現象；奇迹；杰出的人才D.menandwomenprefervt.更喜欢；宁愿；提出；提高thesameimage75.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Doesawomanjudgefromaman’sappearance?B.Istheresuchathingasbeautyintheworld?C.Arewomenmoreemotionalthanmen?D.Isbeautymorethanmeetstheeye?PassageFour1.Well-dotheyordon’tthey?Foryears,controversyn.争论；论战；辩论hasragedn.愤怒；狂暴，肆虐；情绪激動vi.大怒，发火；流行，風行overwhethertheelectromagneticfields電磁場producedbypowerlines電力线;输電线couldcausecancer,especiallyleukemia

白血病inyoungchildren.ButinBritainlastweek,confusionn.混淆，混乱；困惑reachednewheights到达新的高度.2.OneteamfromBristolannouncedthatithasevidencetobackn.背面vt.支持；後退；背書；下赌注acontroversialadj.有争议的；有争论的butplausibleadj.貌似可信的，花言巧語的；貌似真实的，貌似有理的theoryn.理论；原理；學說；推测whichwouldexplainhowpowerlinesmightcausecancer(Electricfieldsattractairbornepollutants).OnlytobefollowedbythereleaseofresultsbyanothergroupinLondonwhichsuggestedthereisnothingtoworryaboutwhatisgoingon?.3.Actually,theconfusionmaybemoreapparentadj.显然的；表面上的thanreal.Therecanbenodoubtthattheeffectsofpowerlinesonwaterdroplets水滴；微水滴，小水滴,pollutantsandnaturallyoccurringradonuncoveredvt.发現；揭開；揭发bytheBristolteamarerealandinteresting.Buttosuggestthattheyhaveanythingtodowithleukemiainchildrenisprematureadj.早产的；不成熟的；比预期早的n.早产儿；過早发生的事物.Theextraexposuren.暴露；曝光；揭发；陈列topollutionforachildlivingnearpowerlineswouldbetinyadj.微小的；很少的,anditisnotobviousadj.明显的；明显的；平淡無奇的whyradon-agasnormallyassociatedwith与…有关系；与…相联络lungcancer-wouldcauseleukemiainchildren.4.Thesecondstudy,whichdrewreassuringvt.使…安心，使消除疑虑blank,istheworld’sbiggesteverproben.探针；调查vt.探查；用探针探测ofthestatisticaladj.记录的；记录學的linkbetweenchildhoodcancersandmagneticfieldsofthesortproducedbypowerlinesandtheelectricalappliances曰用電器.Itisoneofseveralrecentstudies近代研究thathavefailedtofindalink.Unlikeadj.不一样的，不相似的earlierresearch,thesenewerstudiesinvolvedvt.包括；牵涉；使陷于；潜心于goingintohomestomeasuretheelectromagneticfields.Thefieldstheymeasuredincludedvt.包括，包括(excludevt.