宜宾专版2024中考英语二轮复习第二部分语法专题突破篇专题十一主谓一致讲与练

PAGEPAGE52024（宜宾）中考英语语法：主谓一样讲与练专题十一主谓一样真题试做(B)1.(2024宜宾中考改编)Twomonths______alongtime.Wecanvisitourgrandparentsduringthevacation.A.amB.isC.areD.were(B)2.(江西中考)Thewater______darkanddirty.It'snolongersafetodrink.A.becameB.hasbecomeC.willbecomeD.wasbecoming(A)3.(南充中考)Thenumberofthevolunteers______100now.Andasmallnumberofthem______alreadygonetotheworkplace.A.is；haveB.are；haveC.is；areD.is；has(C)4.(新疆中考)There______somemilkandapplesinthefridge.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are(C)5.(长春中考)There______twodictionariesonthebookcase.Youcanuseeitherofthem.A.isB.wasC.areD.be考向归结在中考中,主要通过单项选择或完形填空的形式考查谓语动词与人称和数的一样,主要体现在therebe句型和就近原则上。考点突破主谓一样,分三个方面：语法一样原则、意义一样原则和邻近一样原则。1.语法一样原则主语和谓语通常在语法形式上取得一样,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用相应的单数形式；主语为复数形式,谓语动词用相应的复数形式。(1)当and和both…and…连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：TomandIaregoodstudents.汤姆和我是好学生。(2)不定代词either,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody,everything,nobody,noone,nothing等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：Thereissomethingwrongwithmybicycle.我的自行车出问题了。(3)由each,each…andeach…,every…andevery…作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanewbook.每个男生和女生都被给了一本新书。(4)主语后接有with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,nolessthan,ratherthan,including,besides,like,except,but等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数形式确定。如：Mr.GreenwithhiswifeandtwochildrenisleavingforBeijing.格林先生和他的老婆及两个孩子将动身去北京。Alltheteachers,includingMissLiaregoingtoattendameeting.全部的老师包括李小姐都要去开会。(5)anumberof＋可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式；thenumberof＋可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：Anumberoftreeswerecutdownlastyear.去年许多树被砍倒了。Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis41.我们班上的学生人数是41。(6)“alotof(lotsof,plentyof,apileof,mostof)＋名词”和“分数或百分数＋名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于名词本身的单复数,即名词为不行数名词,谓语动词用单数形式；名词为可数名词复数,谓语动词用对应的复数形式。如：Seventypercentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.地球表面70%都是水。Twofifthsofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我们班五分之二的学生是女生。(7)由“apairof,akindof＋名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；“pairsof,kindsof＋名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：Thiskindofcomputerispopularwithstudents.这种类型的电脑受学生欢迎。Thesekindsofcomputersarepopularwithmanystudents.这些种类的电脑受学生欢迎。(8)某些只有复数形式的名词：clothes,trousers,shorts,pants,shoes,gloves等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：Myshoeswerewornout.我的鞋子穿坏了。(9)不定式或动名词形式作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应与主语的数保持一样。如：Readingislearning.阅读就是在学习。Readingandwritingaregoodstudyingmethods.阅读与写作是好的学习方法。2.意义一样原则意义一样原则也可作概念一样原则,即谓语动词用单数形式还是复数形式主要看主语所表达的概念。(1)由and连接的两个名词作主语时,假如指统一概念(即and后面无冠词),则谓语动词用单数形式。如：Theteacherandwriteriscomingtogiveusareportnextweek.那位老师兼作家将于下周给我们作报告。(2)表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词、词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词常用单数形式。如：Tenkilometersisalongdistance.10千米是很长一段距离。(3)集体名词family,team,crowd,company,class,group,government等假如表示集体成员,谓语动词用复数形式；假如它们作为一个集体单位时,谓语动词用单数形式。如：HisfamilyisgoingtomovetoHongKong.他将举家搬迁到香港。Hisfamilyareveryfriendly.他的家人都很友好。(4)people,police等集合名词作主语时,谓语动词也要用复数。如：Thepolicearehelpingthelostchildfindhishome.警察正在帮助迷路的小孩找家。(5)“the＋姓氏复数”意为“……的一家或……夫妇”。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。如：TheSmithslikeblueberrycakes.史密斯一家喜爱蓝莓蛋糕。3.邻近一样原则有时谓语动词的形式与主语并不一样,而是与靠近它的名词一样,这种原则叫做邻近一样原则,又名就近原则。(1)由either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…but(also)…,not…but…或or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词与较近的主语在数上保持一样。如：NotonlymyparentsbutalsoIaminterestedinTheReaders.不仅是我父母,我也对《朗读者》感爱好。(2)Therebe…和Herebe…这两个句式中的be动词常与邻近的主语在数上保持一样。如：TherearetwochairsandatableinMike'sroom.迈克的房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子。小试牛刀(B)1.UncleLiang______inHaikousince1980,soheknowsalotaboutthecity.A.islivingB.haslivedC.livedD.wasliving(A)2.Running______agoodwaytoexerciseeveryday.A.isB.wasC.areD.were(B)3.______thereanyriceinthebag?A.HasB.IsC.AreD.Were(C)4.—Whatwouldyouliketohaveforsupper,Jack?—Eithernoodlesorrice______OK.Idon'tmind.A.areB.wereC.isD.be(C)5.Thewinterholidayiscoming,sothetwinsaswellasAlex______toSanyaforvacation.A.isgoingB.goesC.aregoingD.went(B)6.Thepairoftrousers______me.A.fitB.fitsC.willfitD.havefitted(A)7.—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?—Yes.Anothertenminutes______enough.A.isB.wasC.areD.were(C)8.There______lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle'sfarmnow.A.wereB.isC.areD.was(C)9.—Myauntsaidshecalledyouyesterdaymorning,buttherewasnoanswer.—Oh,myhus