人教版高二下学期英语(选择性必修3)《Unit3 Environmental Protection》单元测试卷及答案

第第页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页人教版高二下学期英语(选择性必修3)《Unit3EnvironmentalProtection》单元测试卷及答案学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________词汇（一）1.ecologyn．生态;生态学2．meltvi.&vt.(使)融化;熔化;软化3．releasevt.&n．排放;释放;发布4．carbonn．碳5．fueln．燃料;刺激性言行6．comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;详尽的7．trendn．趋势;趋向;动向8．broadcastvt.&vi.广播;传播n．广播节目9．policyn．政策;方针;原则10．seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制11．basinn．流域;盆地;盆12．reformvt.&vi.改革;(使)改正n．改革;变革13．annualadj.每年的;一年的n．年刊;年鉴14．chaosn．混乱;杂乱;紊乱15．nuclearadj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的16．junglen．(热带)从林;密林17．smogn．烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)18．volumen．量;体积;(成套书籍中的)一卷19．garbagen．垃圾;废物20．enterprisen．公司;企业;事业21．restorevt.恢复;使复原;修复22．dozenn．(一)打;十二个23．finevt.对……处以罚款24．campaignn．运动;战役vi.&vt.参加运动25．agendan．议程表;议事日词汇（二）1．graphn．图;图表;曲线图2．emissionn．排放物;散发物;排放3．sealn．海豹4．methanen．甲烷;沼气5．dioxiden．二氧化物6．habitableadj.适合居住的7．fossiln．化石8．worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的9．footprintn．足迹;(某物所占的)空间量;面积10．penguinn．企鹅11．undergovt.经历;经受(变化、不快等)12．implementvt.使生效;贯彻;执行13．moderateadj.适度的;中等的vi.&vt.缓和14．tropicaladj.热带的;来自热带的15．originatevi.&vt.起源;发源;创立16．regulationn．章程;规章制度17．disposaln．去掉;清除;处理18．waterwayn．水道;航道19．Norway挪威(北欧国家)短语1．carbondioxide二氧化碳2．fossilfuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)3．onbehalfof代表(代替)某人4．dozensof许多；很多5．beshockedby被...震惊6．force...todo迫使...做某事betrappedin陷入困境；被困在referto指的是；提到；参考；涉及hugeamountsof大量的leadto导致takeaction采取行动causedamage造成损伤；造成损害haveanimpacton对...有影响takeresponsibilityfor为...负责contributeto导致；促成haveaneffecton对……有影响onbehalfof代表（代替）某人carryout执行insearchof寻找dieout灭绝beresponsiblefor为……负责bringabout引起；导致endup最终……句式（一）1．ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫无疑问，地球正在不断变暖。2．Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.如果没有这个过程，地球就不能维持生命。3.Withthesemeasures，itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。句式（二）1.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody，thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，它似乎是饿死的。2.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.热量以更长的波长释放回太空。3.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。4.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming，alongwithitscausesandimpacts，becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖，它的原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人最严重的问题。5promoteaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandnature，buildasustainableenergysystem，andadvocateamoderate，green，andlow-carbonlifestyle.……倡导人与自然和谐相处，构建可持续能源体系，倡导适度、绿色、低碳的生活方式。6.Accordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers，between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由热带森林的破坏造成的。7.Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?为什么核能是一个敏感话题？8.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。9.I’mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.我正在代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。10.Theexpression“smog”originatedinBritainandmeanscombinationof“smoke”and“fog”.“烟雾”一词起源于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的组合。11.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetakentorestoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。12.Manytourboatscontributedtotheproblemtoo.许多游船也造成了这个问题。教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．steadilyadv.平稳地→adj.平稳的2．economyn．经济→adj.经济的，经济上的；合算的→n．经济学3．disturbv．干扰，扰乱→adj.心神不安的；烦恼的→adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的4．operatorn．经营者→v．经营；操作→n．手术；运转；操作5．conservationistn．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→v．保护；保存→n．保护；保持→adj.保守的；守旧的6．applicantn．申请人→v．申请；应用；实施→n．应用；申请7．favourn．支持，赞同→adj.给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的→adj.最喜欢的n．最喜爱的人或事物8．advertisev．(为……)做广告(宣传)；登广告→n．广告商→n．广告9．negotiableadj.可协商的→v．谈判；商议→n．谈判10．preferencen．优先(权)；偏爱；喜爱→v．更喜欢11．qualificationn．技能条件，资格→v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格→adj.有资格的；合格的；胜任的词性转换（二）12．lightenv.照亮，使轻松→vt.启迪；指导，教导13．exceptionaladj.异常的；特别的→adv.极其，非常14．restrictvt.限制，约束→n.限制，规定，约束15．bearableadj.可忍受的；能应付的→adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的16．troublen.困难；苦恼→adj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的17．tendvi.趋向；走向；倾向→n.倾向18．initialadj.最初的→adv.起初19．excitevt.使激动；使兴奋→n.兴奋，激动20．imitatevt.模仿；仿效→n.模仿，仿效21．painn.疼痛，痛苦→adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的词性转换（二）22．illegaladj.非法的；不合法的→adv.不合法地；非法地→adv.合法地23．beautyn.美；美人；美好的东西→vt.使美丽→adj.美的，美好的24．extinctadj.已灭绝的→n.灭绝→adj.使消灭的25．dangern.危险；风险→vt.使遭受危险；危害→adj.危险的26．concernv.涉及；让……担忧→adj.担心的；关切的→prep.关于；涉及27．intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→adj.打算的；计划的→n.意图，目的，打算28．adaptvi.适应vt.使适应；使适合→n.改编本，改写本；适应→adj.有适应能力的29．threatn.威胁→vt.威胁；危及→adj.受到威胁的30．harmonyn.和谐；融洽→adj.和谐的31．existvi.存在；生存→n.存在词性转换（四）32．n.排放；(光、热、气等的)发出；射出；排放物→vt.发出；放出(热/光/气等)33．vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化→adj.融化的；熔化的34．vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→n.饥饿；饿死→adj.饿极了35．vt.维持；遭受；承受住→adj.可持续的；合理利用的36．vt.限制；限定；束缚→n.限制规定；限制法规；约束37．vt.使生效；贯彻；执行→n.执行38．n.协调；和睦；融洽；调和→adj.和谐的→adv.和谐地39．adj.适度的；中等的；温和的→n.适度；适中；合理40．v.提交/呈递；屈服→n.提交/呈递；屈服/投降/归顺41．adj.每年的/一年的→adj.一年两度的→adv.一年一次地完成句子42．Despitethelossofhearing,hisoutstandingcontributiontoclassicalmusic(充分说明)hisgreattalent.43．Allthestaff(都深信这次改革会给他们带来一个新的开始).44．(代表)theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks,Iregrettotellyouoftheextendeddelaytonight.45．Pleaseallowmetothankyouforyourofferofhelp（代表）mycolleagues.46．Theanswerstothesequestionscan(充分说明，清楚表明)thecomplexpsychologicalprocess.47．LiMeispoke(代表)onbehalfofalltheteachers.48．Itisgenerallybelievedthat(温室气体排放是全球变暖的主要原因).49．“(要是……会怎么样)Ican’tfinishthebook?”littleTomaskedhisfatheranxiously.50．Thereportincludes(公司未来发展的全面评估).51．O(代表)everyonehereIwanttothankyouforyourhelp.52．WhendoesLanternFestival(追溯到)?53．Whatimpressedmemostwasthe(和谐的)atmosphereattheracecourse.54．Thepatient(接受手术)onhisheart.55．Hediedduringa(常规检查)whichwentwrong.56．IfIwereyou,Ishould(抓住这次机遇)toimprovemyself.翻译57．专业化很可能是未来人才培养的趋势，职业教育可以有效补足技术人才缺口。(likely)58．众所周知，我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖。59．志愿者们正努力从非法捕猎中救出海豚，并将它们安全地送回大海。(release)60．这本新出的书使我们对世界的不同文化有了深入的了解。（insight）61．这是否意味着我们都以自己的方式美丽着？(way)阅读理解Theoceanisarichandseeminglylawlessfrontier.It’sawaterywildwest,irresistibletohumanshopingtorobitsmanyriches.ThatisthepointthroughoutTheHighSeas:Greed,PowerandtheBattlefortheUnclaimedOcean,afast-pacedandthoroughlyreportedbookbysciencejournalistOliveHeffernan.Thebookbeginsbygoingrapidlythroughthewavesofhistorythatbroughtustotoday.ThenHeffernandevotesachaptereachtodifferentwayspeopleareincreasinglyoccupyinginternationalwaters,anexpansioncalledtheBlueAcceleration.Somearehuntingfornewfishinggrounds.OthersaresearchingfornewmedicinesintheDNAofdeep-sealivingthings.Stillothersareexploringhowtoboosttheocean’scarbonuptaketohelpslowclimatechange.Eventhespaceindustrywantsapieceoftheocean—tocreatewaterygraveyardsforuselessspacecraft.Thedescriptionfromoneoceanambitiontoanotheremphasizesoneofthebook’sbiggesttakeaways:We’veestablishedanunstablenewtypeofoceanecosystem,anditisgoingtobeincrediblydifficultmaybeimpossibletobalancealltheprioritieswhilealsoprotectingoceanhealthandbiodiversity.Conflictingdesirestorobtheseaandprotectitshowupoverandoveragain.“Nationsurgingconservationinoneareamaypushforincreasingexplorationinanother,”Heffernanwrites.TheEuropeanUnionin2021,forexample,offeredprizestoitsfishingboatstorangefartheroffshore,evenasitcommittedtosustainablefishing.Nationspromisingtoprotectsealifeandfightingclimatechangemaybethesamecountriesthatsupportdeep-seamining,whichmaybeharmfultolifeontheoceanfloor.“Theproblem,”Heffernansays,“isn’tthatthehighseasarewithoutanyrules.Rather,organizationsandbodieseachusetheirownrulebook.”Bythefinalchapter—“Hopeforthehighseas”—it’shardtoknowwhatanyonecouldactuallydotohelpsavetheocean.“We’reatacrucialcrossroads.”Heffernanwrites.“Wecancontinuegoingeverdeeperandfurtheroffshoreinoursearchfornewsourcesofwealth,orwecanstrikeamoresustainablebalance.”sheadded.62．WhatmighttheBlueAccelerationreferto?A．Theextensiveexplorationofoceans.B．Thenegativeinfluenceofclimatechange.C．Therapidexpansionofoceanicresearch.D．Theincreasedcompetitioninspaceindustry.63．Whatmightbethereasonfor“conflictingdesires”accordingtoHeffernan?A．Thegreedofhumannature. B．Theabsenceofoceanlaws.C．Thelackofaconsistentoceanpolicy. D．Thegapintechnologicaldevelopment.64．WhatcanweknowaboutHeffernan?A．Shedoubtsinternationalcooperation.B．Shecaresabouttheecologicalconsequences.C．Sheisoptimisticabouttechnologicaladvancements.D．Sheiscertainofthesuccessofoceanexploration.65．Whatisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Abookreview.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Apolicyproposal.七选五Onceuponatime,sewingandmendingclotheswascommon.Itwasaskillpasseddownthroughgenerations,ensuringthatgarmentswerecherishedandmaintainedforlongevity.Butwhyhavepeoplestoppedmendingtheirclothing?66.However,thetideseemstobeturning.Inthepastfewyears,there’sbeenagrowinginterestinslowfashion—notjustsavingmoney,butalsosewingandmending.67.Whyshouldyoulearntomend?68.Asanyecoexpertwilltellyou,thebestthingyoucandofortheplanetisbuylesstobeginwith.69.Additionally,it’shelpfultocustomizesecondhanditemswhichmightnotbeexactlytherightsizeoralittleoutofdate,givingthemanewleaseonlifeandkeepingthemoutofwastestreams.Beyondthefunctionalbenefits,mendingisaboutusingwhatyouhave,embracingimperfections,fixingwhat’sbroken,andrejectingtheideathatnewerisalwaysbetter.70.Ifyou’reinterestedinsewingandmending,nowistheperfecttimetolearnthisnewskill,whichcanhaveaprofoundlypositiveimpactontheworld.A．Schoolsstoppedofferinghomeeconomicsclasses,technologyboomedmakingnewclothesreadilyavailable,andfastfashionbecameincreasinglypopular,makingitmoreconvenienttobuysomethingnewthantofixwhatwasbroken.B．OnoneofthemostpleasantcornersoftheInternet,you’llfindcountlessvideosshowcasingeverythingfromvisiblemendingtobeginnersewingjourneys,indicatingaresurgenceintheartofrepair.C．Fromanenvironmentalperspective,it’sessential.D．It’smeditative,slowworkthatallowsyoutoconnectwithyourpossessionsonadeeperlevel.It’sproductive,deeplysatisfying,andanactofpersonalandenvironmentalstewardship.E．Thatmeansshoppingforqualityitemsthatwillstandthetestoftime,butalsolearningafewkeyskillssoyoucanrepairthoseitemsasneededratherthansendingthemtoanalready-overfilledlandfill.F．Mendingclothesisadyingartthathaslittlerelevanceintoday’sconsumer-drivensociety.完形填空In1994,theBrazilianphotographerSalgadowentbacktohishomelandinMinasGerais,Brazil.Hewas71toseethelandrunbyhisfamily.Thethickforesttherewasonceaparadise(乐园)forhimandhisfriends,bringingthem72memories.Tohisshock,hesawatotallydifferent73.Only0.5%ofthelandwascoveredwithtrees.“Thelandwasassickasaseriouspatient—everythingwas74duetodeforestation(乱砍滥伐).”Salgadosaid75duringameetingonclimatechangeinParis.Salgado76thatheshoulddosomethingforit.Thenhe77anideaofreplantingtreesontheland,thoughbeyondexpectations,received78fromhiswifeandrelatives.Soonthewholefamily79andtheresultsareexcellent.80,thelandischanging:Itiscoveredwithgreentreesagainandsomeoftheinsects,birdsandotheranimalslivinginthelandbefore81.Thelandhasbeenbroughtbacktolife.The82family’seffortalsoimpressedpeoplearoundthem.They83cuttingdowntreesandbegantoprotecttheenvironment.“Theworkovertheyearsisquitedifficultbutwellworththe84andIthinkeverybitofdevotedwork85.”saidSalgado.Therefore,everyoneshouldplayapartinprotectingtheenvironment.71．A．sorry B．ready C．eager D．willing72．A．wonderful B．embarrassing C．complex D．painful73．A．direction B．atmosphere C．plan D．sight74．A．disturbed B．destroyed C．prohibited D．abandoned75．A．calmly B．nervously C．sadly D．lightly76．A．admitted B．realized C．agreed D．proved77．A．thoughtup B．laughedat C．turneddown D．triedout78．A．doubts B．permission C．suggestions D．support79．A．backedoff B．brokeup C．tookaction D．gotthrough80．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Gradually D．Generally81．A．returned B．escaped C．approached D．died82．A．generous B．brave C．devoted D．considerate83．A．forgot B．stopped C．delayed D．missed84．A．comment B．promise C．offer D．effort85．A．increases B．matches C．improves D．matters单句语法填空86．Inresponsetothisenvironmentalissue,Chinaisaimingtorestrictcoalconsumptionandpromotea(harmony)relationshipbetweenmanandnature.87．Withamission(cultivate)China’spremiermusiclandscape,besidesthefirstshow,Singer2024promisesaudiencesanother11liveshowsthat(broadcast)inrealtimethroughouttheseason.88．(harmony)relationshipsarewhatmanycompaniesaimtocultivate.89．WhenIreachedthevillage,Ifounditssurroundingsdifficult(tolerate).90．Thedocumentsareavailablefor(inspect).91．I’msorrytosaythatIbroketraffic(regulate)yesterdayandgotaticket.92．Themuseumhasthemostsignificantcollectionoftimepiecesintheworld,mainly(originate)fromEuropeandChina.93．TheUNESCOWorldHeritageCenterrepeatedlyurgesthatsomeculturalrelicsinEgypt(restore)inordertopreventthemfromcollapse.94．Ifwasteswerenotrecycled,theywouldendup(burn),givingoutgreenhousegases.95．Sincethecity(undergo)toomuchpollution,citizensundertooktoreducecarbonemissions.96．Becauseofglobalwarming,theiceatthepolesismelting,(cause)thesealeveltorise.97．Dozensofenterprises(submit)theirplanstoreducetheircarbonfootprintinthepasttendays.98．Withthemoderatemeasures,we(build)aharmonioussocietyinthefuture.99．Haveyouyourproposals?DokeepinmindthatthefinaldatefortheisMay15.(submit)100．Butfortherain,we(have)aniceholiday.语篇填空ScientistsfirstdiscoveredthetwospeciesintheWolongNationalNatureReservein2021.Theylater101(establish)thattheywereneworchid(兰花)andprimrose(报春花)species.Andthen,thetinyorchid,Gastrochilusheminii,102(add)tothelistasadata-absentspeciesbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,meaningmoreinformationtoassessitsriskof103(extinct).Theprimrosespecies,anotherdata-absentflora,growsoncliffsatanaltitudeof3,400meters.Sofar,scientistshaveonlyfoundonepatchofthisflowerinthewild,makingit104(exceptional)rare.Chinaownssomeoftherichestbiodiversityintheworldandhasarelativelyfinefloraprotectionsystem,accordingtoawhitepaperonChina’sbiodiversityprotection.Thereasonsforthewealthofmany105(discovery)arenewtransportationinfrastructureandtechnologyenablingscientiststogodeepintounmappedregions.Thesecondreasonisthatasscientists’understandingoftaxonomy(分类学)deepens,someplantsspecies106werefoundinthepastwerelaterreclassifiedasnewspecies.ThethirdreasonisthatChina’smassiveecologicalrestorationprogramshavehelpedanumberofendangeredspeciestoreappear,whichhas107profoundeffectonecologyinChina.Asof2021,Chinahadaround200conservationbotanicalgardens,108(create)someprotectiveplacesformorethan23,000speciesofflora.Rarenativeplantsholdresearchvalueandtheyarereferredto109themodelsforconservationeffortsandgetthepublic110(interest)inscienceandnature.应用文写作假定你是李华，你校将举办以“Let’sbuildagreencity”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请根据以下要点写一篇演讲稿。1.创建“绿色城市”的重要性；2.如何从我做起去创建“绿色城市”。注意：1.写作词数应该为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案词汇（一）1.ecologyn．生态;生态学2．meltvi.&vt.(使)融化;熔化;软化3．releasevt.&n．排放;释放;发布4．carbonn．碳5．fueln．燃料;刺激性言行6．comprehensiveadj.全部的;所有的;详尽的7．trendn．趋势;趋向;动向8．broadcastvt.&vi.广播;传播n．广播节目9．policyn．政策;方针;原则10．seizevt.抓住;夺取;控制11．basinn．流域;盆地;盆12．reformvt.&vi.改革;(使)改正n．改革;变革13．annualadj.每年的;一年的n．年刊;年鉴14．chaosn．混乱;杂乱;紊乱15．nuclearadj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的16．junglen．(热带)从林;密林17．smogn．烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)18．volumen．量;体积;(成套书籍中的)一卷19．garbagen．垃圾;废物20．enterprisen．公司;企业;事业21．restorevt.恢复;使复原;修复22．dozenn．(一)打;十二个23．finevt.对……处以罚款24．campaignn．运动;战役vi.&vt.参加运动25．agendan．议程表;议事词汇（二）1．graphn．图;图表;曲线图2．emissionn．排放物;散发物;排放3．sealn．海豹4．methanen．甲烷;沼气5．dioxiden．二氧化物6．habitableadj.适合居住的7．fossiln．化石8．worldwideadv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的9．footprintn．足迹;(某物所占的)空间量;面积10．penguinn．企鹅11．undergovt.经历;经受(变化、不快等)12．implementvt.使生效;贯彻;执行13．moderateadj.适度的;中等的vi.&vt.缓和14．tropicaladj.热带的;来自热带的15．originatevi.&vt.起源;发源;创立16．regulationn．章程;规章制度17．disposaln．去掉;清除;处理18．waterwayn．水道;航道19．Norway挪威(北欧国家)短语1．carbondioxide二氧化碳2．fossilfuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)3．onbehalfof代表(代替)某人4．dozensof许多；很多5．beshockedby被...震惊6．force...todo迫使...做某事betrappedin陷入困境；被困在referto指的是；提到；参考；涉及hugeamountsof大量的leadto导致takeaction采取行动causedamage造成损伤；造成损害haveanimpacton对...有影响takeresponsibilityfor为...负责contributeto导致；促成haveaneffecton对……有影响onbehalfof代表（代替）某人carryout执行insearchof寻找dieout灭绝beresponsiblefor为……负责bringabout引起；导致endup最终……句式（一）1．ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫无疑问，地球正在不断变暖。2．Withoutthisprocess，Earthcouldnotsustainlife.如果没有这个过程，地球就不能维持生命。3.Withthesemeasures，itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforgenerationstocome.有了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。句式（二）1.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody，thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，它似乎是饿死的。2.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.热量以更长的波长释放回太空。3.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。4.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming，alongwithitscausesandimpacts，becausethisisthemostseriousissueaffectingallofusonthisplanet.我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖，它的原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球上所有人最严重的问题。5promoteaharmoniousrelationshipbetweenmanandnature，buildasustainableenergysystem，andadvocateamoderate，green，andlow-carbonlifestyle.……倡导人与自然和谐相处，构建可持续能源体系，倡导适度、绿色、低碳的生活方式。6.Accordingtothereportsubmittedbyresearchers，between20and25percentofallannualcarbondioxideemissionsarecausedbythedestructionoftropicalforests.根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化碳排放是由热带森林的破坏造成的。7.Whyisnuclearpowerasensitivetopic?为什么核能是一个敏感话题？8.Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。9.I’mdoingaprojectonbehalfofmyschoolaboutglobalwarming.我正在代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项目。10.Theexpression“smog”originatedinBritainandmeanscombinationof“smoke”and“fog”.“烟雾”一词起源于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的组合。11.Localofficialswereconcernedthatthepollutionwasdamagingthenaturalenvironmentandfeltthaturgentstepsshouldbetakentorestoretheriver’soriginalbeauty.当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。12.Manytourboatscontributedtotheproblemtoo.许多游船也造成了这个问题。教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．steadilyadv.平稳地→adj.平稳的2．economyn．经济→adj.经济的，经济上的；合算的→n．经济学3．disturbv．干扰，扰乱→adj.心神不安的；烦恼的→adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的4．operatorn．经营者→v．经营；操作→n．手术；运转；操作5．conservationistn．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→v．保护；保存→n．保护；保持→adj.保守的；守旧的6．applicantn．申请人→v．申请；应用；实施→n．应用；申请7．favourn．支持，赞同→adj.给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的→adj.最喜欢的n．最喜爱的人或事物8．advertisev．(为……)做广告(宣传)；登广告→n．广告商→n．广告9．negotiableadj.可协商的→v．谈判；商议→n．谈判10．preferencen．优先(权)；偏爱；喜爱→v．更喜欢11．qualificationn．技能条件，资格→v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格→adj.有资格的；合格的；胜任的【答案】1．steady2．economiceconomics3．disturbeddisturbing4．operateoperation5．conserveconservationconservative6．applyapplication7．favourablefavourite8．advertiseradvertisement9．negotiatenegotiation10．prefer11．qualifyqualified词性转换（二）12．lightenv.照亮，使轻松→vt.启迪；指导，教导13．exceptionaladj.异常的；特别的→adv.极其，非常14．restrictvt.限制，约束→n.限制，规定，约束15．bearableadj.可忍受的；能应付的→adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的16．troublen.困难；苦恼→adj.引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的17．tendvi.趋向；走向；倾向→n.倾向18．initialadj.最初的→adv.起初19．excitevt.使激动；使兴奋→n.兴奋，激动20．imitatevt.模仿；仿效→n.模仿，仿效21．painn.疼痛，痛苦→adj.令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的【答案】12．enlighten13．exceptionally14．restriction15．unbearable16．troublesome17．tendency18．initially19．excitement20．imitation21．painful词性转换（二）22．illegaladj.非法的；不合法的→adv.不合法地；非法地→adv.合法地23．beautyn.美；美人；美好的东西→vt.使美丽→adj.美的，美好的24．extinctadj.已灭绝的→n.灭绝→adj.使消灭的25．dangern.危险；风险→vt.使遭受危险；危害→adj.危险的26．concernv.涉及；让……担忧→adj.担心的；关切的→prep.关于；涉及27．intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→adj.打算的；计划的→n.意图，目的，打算28．adaptvi.适应vt.使适应；使适合→n.改编本，改写本；适应→adj.有适应能力的29．threatn.威胁→vt.威胁；危及→adj.受到威胁的30．harmonyn.和谐；融洽→adj.和谐的31．existvi.存在；生存→n.存在【答案】22．illegallylegally23．beautifybeautiful24．extinctionextinctive25．endangerdangerous26．concernedconcerning27．intendedintention28．adaptationadaptive29．threatenthreatened30．harmonious31．existence词性转换（四）32．n.排放；(光、热、气等的)发出；射出；排放物→vt.发出；放出(热/光/气等)33．vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化→adj.融化的；熔化的34．vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→n.饥饿；饿死→adj.饿极了35．vt.维持；遭受；承受住→adj.可持续的；合理利用的36．vt.限制；限定；束缚→n.限制规定；限制法规；约束37．vt.使生效；贯彻；执行→n.执行38．n.协调；和睦；融洽；调和→adj.和谐的→adv.和谐地39．adj.适度的；中等的；温和的→n.适度；适中；合理40．v.提交/呈递；屈服→n.提交/呈递；屈服/投降/归顺41．adj.每年的/一年的→adj.一年两度的→adv.一年一次地【答案】32．emissionemit33．meltmelting34．starvestarvationstarving35．sustainsustainable36．restrictrestriction37．implementimplementation38．harmonyharmoniousharmoniously39．moderatemoderation40．submitsubmission41．annualbiannualannually完成句子42．Despitethelossofhearing,hisoutstandingcontributiontoclassicalmusic(充分说明)hisgreattalent.【答案】speaksvolumesabout【详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管失去了听力，但他对古典音乐的杰出贡献充分说明了他的才华。根据汉语提示可知，speakvolumesabout“充分说明”，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语contribution表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故填speaksvolumesabout。43．Allthestaff(都深信这次改革会给他们带来一个新的开始).【答案】areconvincedthatthereformwillbringthemanewstart【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：所有的员工都深信这次改革会给他们带来一个新的开始。主语staff指人，指“全体员工”，为复数，“深信”使用形容词convinced作表语，此处用“be+形容词+宾语从句”结构，“改革”使用名词reform作从句主语，“给某人带来某物”使用动词短语bringsbsth，“一个新的开始”译为anewstart，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，主句是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，从句是描述将来的事情，用一般将来时，故填areconvincedthatthereformwillbringthemanewstart。44．(代表)theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks,Iregrettotellyouoftheextendeddelaytonight.【答案】Onbehalfof【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我代表联合航空的飞行员和售票柜台职员，很遗憾地告诉大家今晚航班延误时间延长。根据汉语提示“代表”，以及下文theUnitedAirlinespilotsandticketcounterclerks，可知此处应填onbehalfof作状语，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Onbehalfof。45．Pleaseallowmetothankyouforyourofferofhelp（代表）mycolleagues.【答案】onbehalfof【详解】考查介词短语。句意：请允许我代表我的同事感谢你提供的帮助。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“代表”应用onbehalfof，为介词短语，在本句中作状语。故填onbehalfof。46．Theanswerstothesequestionscan(充分说明，清楚表明)thecomplexpsychologicalprocess.【答案】speakvolumesabout【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这些问题的答案可以充分说明复杂的心理过程。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“充分说明，清楚表明”应用speakvolumesabout，为动词短语，在本句中作谓语动词，且情态动词后应用动词原形。故填speakvolumesabout。47．LiMeispoke(代表)onbehalfofalltheteachers.【答案】onbehalfof【详解】考查介词短语。句意：李梅代表全体老师发言。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为介词短语onbehalf