北京市海淀区中学关村中学2025届八下英语期末联考试题含答案

北京市海淀区中学关村中学2025届八下英语期末联考试题满分120分，时间90分钟一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、_________mymotherisverybusy,shestillspendstimereadingeverynight.A.Because B.Although C.Unless D.Until2、________thosepeopleinourlife,somearetoteachus,sometoshareandsometolove.A.Except B.Among C.By D.With3、—IwanttohelpJohnwithChinese,sincehehasjustmovedherefromCanada.—________.John’smotherisaChinese,sohespeaksChinesewell.A.Don’tteachfishtoswim B.Don’ttrytorunbeforeyouwalkC.Don’tburnthecandleatbothends D.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket4、Ithinkyouwillmissthetrain________youhurryup.A.if B.until C.assoonas D.unless5、—Whatshouldwedoforthedisabledchildren?—Youshould_________astudygrouptohelpthem.A.takeup B.lookup C.setup D.putup6、—Didyoufeel________wasselfishofJacktohidethecomicbooks?—Yes.Itisimportant________aboytolearntoshare.A.that;of B.that;for C.it;of D.it;for7、—Whatdoyouthinkoftheleft-behindchildren?—Ithinktheyneedmanythings,but________,theyneedlovefromtheirparents.A.notatall B.aboveall C.afterall D.inall8、—Whatdoyouthinkof_______filmTransformers:RiseoftheBeaststhisevening?—Wonderful!I’veneverseen________betterone.I’dliketoseeitasecondtime.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;a9、HenryspeaksChineseverywell.He________inChinasince2010.A.hasstayed B.stayedC.stays D.wasstaying10、Headachesmaybea________ofstress.Youneedtohaveagoodrest.A.sign B.spirit C.break D.joy二、完形填空（10分）11、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Areyoualwaysbusywithyourschoolworkandhavenotimetodochoresathome?Doyou____1____withyourparentsaboutclearingthetable,doingsomewashing,makingyourbedortidyingyourroom?Doyourparentsfindithardto____2____thatyouusesocialnetworkingsites（社交网站）orhangoutwithfriendsallthetime?Ifyoucan’tagreewithyourparents,thentheFamilySolutions（解决办法）____3____theFamilySolutionsApp,teenagersandparentscanlookattypicalfamilyargumentsfrombothsidesandfindagoodsolution.TheAppgivesyou____4____andhelpsyoumakebetterchoices（选择）,anditalsohelpsyourparentstoseesituationsfromyourside.Howdoesitwork?Youreaddifferentkindsof____5____andthenchooseananswerfromdifferentoptions（选项）.TheApp____6____whyoneansweristhebestandwhyotheranswersaren’tsogood.Justimaginethis____7____:You’regettingreadytogooutwithfriendsbutyourparentswantyoutogotoyourgrandparents’home.Doyousay“Wealwaysgothereattheweekend.I’mmeetingmyfriendstoday.”ordoyousay“OK,wecangotheretoday,butI’dliketo____8____withmyfriendstomorrow.”Thefirstoptiondoesn’tmakeyourparentsoryoufeelgood,____9____thesecondoptionmakeseverybodyhappy.Nexttimewhenyoudisagreewithyourparents,trytoseesituationsfromtheirsides.IfyouneedtheApp,youcan_____10_____theFamilySolutionsApponlineeasily—justtype“FamilySolutionApp”intoyourwebbrowser（浏览器）andthenfollowtheinstructions（说明）onthescreen.1.A.compare B.compete C.argue D.comeup2.A.understand B.lend C.offer D.show3.A.Below B.With C.Across D.Under4.A.treasures B.advice C.time D.worries5.A.problems B.books C.newspapers D.magazines6.A.explain B.collect C.consider D.change7.A.fiction B.communication C.situation D.decision8.A.cutout B.giveout C.hangout D.takeout9.A.but B.so C.or D.for10.A.make B.hide C.find D.tour三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、Theteacher’sjokesweresofunnythattheclassroomwasfullofl________.13、仓鼠宝宝在出生的时候仅重3到5克。babyhamster________only3to5kilograms________________.14、Teenagersshouldbe_______(鼓励)tolearnandspreadChinesetraditionalculture.15、Ourteacheralwaysr_______usasherchildren.16、Themoviewas________(完全地)differentfromwhatweexpected.四、阅读理解（40分）17、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Afterwork,yougobackhome,openanapp,placeyourorderandwaitforyourfoodtobedelivered(投递)toyourhome.ThisishowmanyyoungpeopleeatinChinathesedays.ThereisthelatestreportfromtheChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenter.____1____That’sjusthalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?____2____ArecentreportbyMeituan(美团),afooddeliveryservice,showedthat86.3%oftheservice’susersarebetween5and34yearsold.Thesepeoplearethemainforcedrivingthedevelopmentofthefooddeliveryindustry(产业).Smallfamiliesdependlargelyonfooddeliveryservices.____3____In502,only7.7%offamilieshaveonlyoneperson.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6%in52.Two-personfamiliesrosefrom3.4%in502to27.2%in52.Forsmallfamilies,cookingalwaystakesalotoftimeandenergy.____4____TheimprovementofChina’sfooddeliveryserviceshasalsomademorecustomersinterested.AccordingtoMeituan’sreport,theaverage(平均的)timeittakestomakeafooddeliverydroppedfrom38minutesin51to29minutesin55.____5____Deliveringproducts,likefruit,vegetables,medicineandevenflowers,isalsotheserviceoftheseapps.Astheirservicescontinuetoimprove,it’scertainthatthefooddeliveryindustrywillkeepgrowinginthefuture.A.Forsure,itismainlyyoungpeople.B.So,orderingfoodonlinehasbecomemorepopular.C.Manydeliveryappsarealsoofferingmoreservices.D.Youcanneverimaginehowmanypeopleareusingtheseapps.E.421millionChinesepeopleuseonlinefooddeliveryservices.F.Chinesefamilieshavechangedinsizeoverthepastfifteenyears.18、Nowadays,mobilephonestakeupmostofourtime.Welookatourmobilephonesaswe’rewalking,playwiththemaswe’restudying,anddon’twanttoputthemdownaswegotobed.TheInternetDevelopmentResearchInstitution(机构)ofPekingUniversitysaysoverhalfofinternetuserssaytheywanttogetawayfromtheinternetandstayawayfrommobilephones.However,itisaverytallorderespeciallynowinChinabecauseweuseourphonestopayforeverythingweboughteveryday.There’sanewapp(软件)whichhasafunction(功能)tohelpusersmanagethetime.Forexample,userscanseehowmanytimesthey’veunlockedtheirphones,howmanytimesthey’vecheckedtheirsocialmediaapps,andhowmuchtimetheyspendoneachappeveryday.Afterseeingthisinformation,theuserswillmakesomechanges.WiththeAppTimererputsthephonefacedown.Butifpeopletrulywanttomakefulluseoftheirfreetimeinsteadoflosinghoursontheirphones,itwillnotneedtodependonanyapps.Afterall,whoneedstouseanapptostopyoufromusingotherapps?Theeasiestanswerwouldbejusttouseyourwillpower(毅力).1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tallorder”inParagraph2mean?A.longlist B.importantthing C.difficultthing D.easypurpose2.WhichofthefollowingsisNOTincludedinthenewapp’sfunctions?A.Itstopstheusersfromusingwillpower.B.Itcheckshowmuchtimetheusersspendonapps.C.Itliststhetimestheusershaveunlockedthephone.D.Itshowsthetimestheusershavecheckedsocialmediaapps.3.Howcantheusersgetincomingcallssilentwiththehelpoftheapp?A.Turnoffthephone. B.Turndownthesound.C.Putupthephone. D.Putthephonefacedown.4.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofthepassage?A.Totellusthefunctionsofanewapp.B.Theeasiestwaytostopusfromusingmobilephonesisourwillpower.C.Mobilephonestakeupmostofourfreetime.D.Youneedtodependonsomeappsifyoumanageyourfreetime.19、Wastesorting(垃圾分类)isabigmatterworldwide.Inordertosortthewasteproperlyandprotecttheenvironment,peopleindifferentcountriesareusingdifferentwaystosorttheirwaste.UKcompanyinventeda“smartbin”tohelpwithwastesorting.___1___Acameraandsensors(感应器)inthebincantellwhattypeofrubbishitisandcarefullysortit.Thebinalsomakesthewastetogethersothatittakesuplessspace.___2___ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipaytocreatea“greenaccount”serviceforpeople.Thecityisaskingallpeopletosorttheirwasteintofourgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.SouthKoreaisusingawaycalled“PayForYourWaste”toaskpeopletoreducefoodwaste.___3___Thenthewastecanbeputinabin.Thesmartbincanweighthefood.Peoplehavetopayfortheirfoodwastebyscanning(扫描)abarcode(条形码)onthebin.___4___Japaneseareisleadingtheworldinwastesorting.___5___Differenttypesofpaperproductshavetheirownbins.根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出一个能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。A.Chinaisimprovingitswaste-sortingefforts.B.Iftheythrowawaymore,theywillpaymore.C.Peoplejustneedtodroptheirwasteintothebin.D.Theysortwastesowellthatevenplasticbottlesgointodifferentbins.E.Peoplehavetoseparatefoodwastefromtheirotherrubbishfirst.20、Areyouafootballfan?Ifso,youmayhaveseenreferees（裁判）showyelloworredcards.Thesecardshavebeenusedinfootballformorethan50years.Ayellowcardisusedtowarn（警告）aplayer.Aredcardisforaplayerbeingsentoff.Ifaplayerbreaksarule,heorshewillusuallygetayellowcard.Ifaplayerbehavesverybadlyorgetstwoyellowcards,heorshewillgetaredcard.fewyearsago,thePFF（葡萄牙足球协会）introducedtheuseofwhitecards.Youmightthinkawhitecardmustbeforsomethingevenworse.Butinfact,itisusedforgoodthings.ThePFFhopesthewhitecardwillencouragesportsspiritandfairgames.OnJanuary3,afootballmatchwasheldinPortugal（葡萄牙）.Itwasbetweentwowomen’sfootballteams.Camposwastherefereeofthematch.Duringthematch,afootballfanfellill.Medicalworkersofbothteamsquicklywenttohelpthefootballfan.Afterit,Camposheldupawhitecard.Thecardwasfortheworkofthemedicalteams.Manyfanscheeredforthedecision.Camposbecamethefirstrefereeinhistorytousethenewwhitecard.Portugalistheonlycountrythathasintroducedthewhitecardinfootball.Doyouthinkmorecountriesshouldcopythisidea?1.Afootballplayermaygetayelloworredcardifheorshe________.①fallsill②breaksarule③helpsthefootballfan④behavesbadlyA.②③ B.①④ C.②④ D.③④2.Asforthewayofwarning,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.1yellowcard>1redcard B.1yellowcard=2redcardsC.2yellowcards<1redcard D.2yellowcards=1redcard3.Whitecardswereintroducedintofootballinorderto________.A.makeaplayerbesentoff B.encouragespiritofsportsC.maketherefereesfriendlier D.makethefanscheermore4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ThreeCardsinBasketball B.CardsforSafeGamesC.WhiteCardsaroundtheWorld D.TheFirstWhiteCard五、补全对话（10分）21、根据下面对话内容，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话通顺、完整。注意：请把所选句子的标号填涂在答题卷相应位置。A:Goodmorning!WelcometotheGardenChineseRestaurant.B:Thankyou._________1_________?A:OK.Here’sthemenu.Wouldyouliketoordernow?B:Maybelater.Wewanttoreadthemenufirst.(Fiveminuteslater)A:_________2_________?B:Sure,we’dlikeBeijingRoastDuck,beefcurry,friednoodles,saladandtwoglassesofapplejuice.A:OK._________3_________?B:Nomore.Thankyou._________4_________?A:That’s200yuan.B:Here’sthemoneyA:Thankyou._________5_________.Yourmealwillbereadysoon.六、阅读表达（10分）22、阅读表达阅读短文，Ryrkaypiy,avillagewithabout700people,islocatedinthenortheastofRussia.StandingonthecoastoftheArcticOcean,ithastobraveboththeArctic’scoldweatherandwildanimalslikepolarbears.Mostofthearea’spolarbearsliveafewmilesawayfromRyrkaypiy.Onlyafewbearscomeneartothevillagenowandthen.Butlastwinter,over50polarbearswenttoRyrkaypiyinsearchoffood.Thevillagersweretoldtostayindoorstoavoiddanger.Nowpolarbearscometothevillagemoreoftenandinlargernumbersthanever.Althoughpolarbearsarebornonland,theyspendmostoftheirlifeontheseaice.Theicegivesthemaplacewheretheycanhavearestandcatchfish.Butasthetemperaturerisesbecauseofglobalwarming,thebearshavestartedtofindtheirhomedisappearing.Polarbearsnormallygoontodrylandinsummer,andreturntotheicewhentheoceanfreezesagaininautumn.Butoverthepastfewyears,theoceanhasfrozenlaterandlater,andtheiceareahasbecomesmallerandsmaller.Unabletoliveontheice,hungrypolarbearshavetolookforfoodonland,includingvillageslikeRyrkaypiy.Insomecountries,polarbearsareconsideredasendangeredanimals.Iftheearthbecomessowarmthatthereisnolongerenoughiceforthebearstoliveon,therewillprobablybenopolarbears.Immediateactionmustbetakentoprotectbothpolarbearsandhumans.1.WhydidpolarbearsgotoRyrkaypiylastwinter?_____________________________2.Whatcanpolarbearsdoontheseaice?_____________________________3.Whendopolarbearsnormallygoontodryland?_____________________________4.Whatwillprobablyhappentopolarbearsifthereisnotenoughice?_____________________________5.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?_____________________________七、书面表达（20分）假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack来信了解你们家乡的文化，并询问你的暑假计划。请根据以下提示，给他写一封回信。家乡文化节日、习俗暑期计划旅行、学习要求：DearJack,Thanksforyoure-mail.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案一、单项选择（共10小题，满分20分）1、B【解析】【详解】句意：虽然我妈妈很忙，她仍然每天晚上花时间读书。考查连词辨析。Because因为；Although虽然；Unless除非；Until直到。根据“mymotherisverybusy,shestillspendstimereadingeverynight.”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选B。2、B【解析】【详解】句意：在我们的生活中的这些人之中，有些人教导我们，有些人分享，有些人去爱。考查介词辨析。Except除……外；Among在……当中；By通过；With和。根据“somearetoteachus,sometoshareandsometolove”可知此处指在三者以上之中，用Among。故选B。3、A【解析】【详解】句意：——我想帮助约翰学习中文，因为他刚从加拿大搬到这里。——不要班门弄斧。约翰的妈妈是中国人，所以他的中文说得很好。考查谚语。Don’tteachfishtoswim不要班门弄斧；Don’ttrytorunbeforeyouwalk欲速则不达；Don’tburnthecandleatbothends蜡烛不要两头烧；Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket勿孤注一掷。根据“John’smotherisaChinese,sohespeaksChinesewell”可知他的中文说得很好，所以不要班门弄斧，教他学中文。故选A。4、D【解析】【详解】句意：我认为除非你快一点，不然你会错过火车。考查连词。if如果；until直到；assoonas一……就……；unless除非。本句为主从复合句且前后为条件关系，前者以后者不发生为条件，因此用unless，表示“除非”，相当于ifnot。故选D。5、C【解析】【详解】句意：——我们应该为残疾儿童做些什么？——你应该成立一个学习小组来帮助他们。考查动词短语。takeup占据；lookup查阅；setup创建；putup张贴。由空格后“astudygroup”可知，应该是成立一个学习小组。故选C。6、D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你觉得Jack把漫画书藏起来很自私吗？——是的。对一个男孩来说学会分享是很重要的。考查it的用法和介词。根据“Itisadj.todosth.”可知，第一空it符合句意；根据“important”可知，修饰的是“learntoshare”这件事，因此用介词for“对……来说”。故选D。7、B【解析】【详解】句意：——你怎么看待留守儿童？——我认为他们需要许多东西，但最重要的是他们需要来自父母的爱。考查介词短语辨析。notatall一点也不；aboveall最重要的是；afterall毕竟；inall总共。根据问句可知，是在问留守儿童需要什么。根据“manythings许多东西”和“lovefromtheirparents来自父母的爱”以及表转折的连词but可知，留守儿童最需要的是来自父母的爱。所以“最重要的是”符合语境。故选B。8、B【解析】【详解】句意：——你觉得今晚的电影《变形金刚：超能勇士崛起》怎么样？——太棒了！我从没见过比这更好的。我想再看一遍。考查冠词。第一空处特指两人都知道的电影，应用定冠词the；第二空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词a。故选B。9、A【解析】【详解】句意：亨利中文说得很好。自2010年以来，他一直留在中国。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since2010”可知，此句应用现在完成时，谓语结构为have/hasdone。故选A。10、A【解析】【详解】句意：头痛可能是压力的表现。你需要好好休息。考查名词辨析。sign标志；spirit精神；break休息；joy快乐。根据“Headachesmaybea...ofstress.Youneedtohaveagoodrest.”可知，头痛可能是压力的表现。故选A。二、完形填空（10分）11、1.C2.A3.D4.B5.A6.A7.C8.C9.A10.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍一款名叫“解决家庭问题”的手机应用软件，讲述了针对孩子和父母间会出现的种种状况和矛盾，此款软件会给出建议并让你做出更好的选择。【1题详解】句意：你会和父母争吵收拾桌子、洗衣服、铺床或整理房间吗？compare比较；compete竞争；argue争吵；comeup上来。根据空后“withyourparentsaboutclearingthetable,doingsomewashing,makingyourbedortidyingyourroom”可知，是和父母争论这些事。故选C。【2题详解】句意：你的父母发现很难理解你一直使用社交网站或与朋友闲逛吗？understand明白；lend借出；offer提供；show表演。根据空后“...thatyouusesocialnetworkingsites（社交网站）orhangoutwithfriendsallthetime?”可知此句是说发现理解父母理解这些事情很难。故选A。【3题详解】句意：在“解决家庭问题”应用程序下，青少年和父母可以从双方看典型的家庭争论，并找到一个好的解决方案。Below下面；With和；Across横过；Under在……下面。根据空后“theFamilySolutionsApp”可知，应是通过这款手机应用，找到—个好的解决方案。故选D。【4题详解】句意：该应用程序为您提供建议，还可以帮助您的父母从您身边了解情况。treasures宝藏；advice建议；time时间；worries担心。根据空后“helpsyoumakebetterchoices”可知，帮助您做出更好的选择，应是该应用程序为您提供建议。故选B。【5题详解】句意：你阅读了不同类型的问题，然后从不同的选项中选择一个选项。problems问题；books书；newspapers报纸；magazines杂志。根据后句“andthenchooseananswerfromdifferentoptions.”可知，从不同的选项中选择答案，应是阅读不同种类的问题。故选A。【6题详解】句意：该应用程序解释了为什么一个答案是最好的，为什么其他的答案不那么好。explain解释；collect收集；consider考虑；change改变。根据空后“whyoneansweristhebestandwhyotheranswersaren’tsogood.”可知，该应用程序解释原因。故选A。【7题详解】句意：想象—下这种情况：你正准备和朋友闲逛，但你的父母希望你去你的祖父母的家。fiction虚构的；communication沟通；situation情况；decision决定。根据空后“You’regettingreadytogooutwithfriendsbutyourparentswantyoutogotoyourgrandparents’home.”可知，是让你想想一下这些情况。故选C。【8题详解】句意：好吧，我们今天可以去那里，但我想明天和我的朋友们去闲逛。cutout剪掉；giveout分发；hangout闲逛，takeout拿出来。根据空后“withmyfriendstomorrow.”可知，应是和朋友一起出去玩、闲逛。故选C。【9题详解】句意：第—种选择不会让你的父母或你感觉良好，但是第二个选择让每个人都很开心。but但是；so所以；or或者；for为了。分析前后句句意可知，前后句存在转折关系，应用but“但是”。故选A。【10题详解】句意：如果你需要这个应用程序，你可以容易地在线找到“解决家庭问题”这款应用程序。make制造；hide藏起来；find找到；tour参观。根据后文“...justtype“FamilySolutionApp”intoyourwebbrowser（浏览器）andthenfollowtheinstructions（说明）onthescreen.”可知，只需在网络浏览器中键入“家庭解决方案”应用程序，是容易找到的。故选C。三、完成句子（共5小题，满分10分）12、(l)aughter【解析】【详解】句意：老师讲的笑话很有趣，教室里充满了笑声。根据“Theteacher’sjokesweresofunnythattheclassroomwasfullofl...”可知，笑话有趣，所以教室里充满了笑声。laughter“笑声”符合语境，故填(l)aughter。13、①.weighs②.at③.birth【解析】【详解】重：weigh，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三；在出生时：atbirth。故填weighs；at；birth。14、encouraged【解析】【详解】句意：应该鼓励青少年学习和传播中国传统文化。encourage“鼓励”，动词。主语“Teenagers”和谓语动词“encourage”构成动宾关系，用被动语态，此句含有情态动词should，其被动结构为“shouldbedone”。故填encouraged。15、(r)egards【解析】【详解】句意：我们的老师总是把我们视作她的孩子。分析句子可知此处是regard...as“把……看作”；时态是一般现在时，主语ourteacher是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(r)egards。16、completely【解析】【详解】句意：这部电影与我们预想的完全不同。completely“完全地”，副词，修饰形容词different。故填completely。四、阅读理解（40分）17、1.E2.A3.F4.B5.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了人们网上订餐的相关情况。【1题详解】根据下文“That’sjusthalfofthetotalnumberofInternetusersinChina.”可知，空处与数据有关，选项E“4.21亿中国人使用在线食品配送服务。”符合语境。故选E。【2题详解】根据“Whichgroupofpeopleisorderingfoodonlinethemost?”可知，空处是对此问题的回答，选项A“当然了，主要是年轻人。”符合语境。故选A。【3题详解】根据下文“In502,only7.7%offamilieshaveonlyoneperson.Butthisnumberincreasedto15.6%in52”可知，讲述的是小家庭的数量在逐年上升，选项F“在过去的十五年里，中国家庭的规模发生了变化。”符合语境。故选F。【4题详解】根据“Forsmallfamilies,cookingalwaystakesalotoftimeandenergy.”可知，对于小家庭来说，做饭总是需要花费大量的时间和精力，由此可推断，在网上订购食物变得更为流行，选项B“因此，网上订餐变得越来越受欢迎。”符合语境。故选B。【5题详解】根据“Deliveringproducts,likefruit,vegetables,medicineandevenflowers,isalsotheserviceoftheseapps”可知应用程序提供了很多服务，选项C“许多快递应用程序也在提供更多服务。”符合语境。故选C。18、1.C2.A3.D4.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了手机占据了我们大部分的时间，很多人都想远离手机，由此介绍了一款监测用户使用手机次数及限制用户使用其他软件的时长的App，这个App可能对一些人有用，而真正能使人远离手机的还是我们的意志力。【1题详解】词义猜测题。根据“...theywanttogetawayfromtheinternetandstayawayfrommobilephones.However,itisaverytallorderespeciallynowinChinabecauseweuseourphonestopayforeverythingweboughteveryday.”可知，人们想远离互联网和手机，然而这是一个难以实现的要求，尤其是在现在的中国，因为我们每天都用手机支付我们买的所有东西。划线词汇tallorder应意为“困难的事情，难以实现的要求”，与“difficultthing”近义。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Forexample,userscanseehowmanytimesthey’veunlockedtheirphones,howmanytimesthey’vecheckedtheirsocialmediaapps,andhowmuchtimetheyspendoneachappeveryday.”可知，新的应用程序的功能包括“检查用户在应用程序上花费了多少时间”、“列出用户解锁手机的次数”和“显示用户查看社交媒体应用程序的次数”，但不包括“阻止手机用户使用意志力”。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“Andwithanotherfunction,theappgetsincomingcallssilentwhentheuserputsthephonefacedown.”可知，用户把手机正面朝下，该应用程序会将来电静音。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Afterall,whoneedstouseanapptostopyoufromusingotherapps?Theeasiestanswerwouldbejusttouseyourwillpower(毅力).”及通读全文可知，本文讲述了手机占据了我们大部分的时间，很多人都想远离手机，由此介绍了一款监测用户使用手机次数及限制用户使用其他软件的时长的App，这个App可能对一些人有用，而真正能使人远离手机的还是我们的意志力。所以作者写这篇文章的目的是想告诉我们，不管使用什么App，阻止我们使用手机的最简单的办法是我们的意志力。故选B。19、1.C2.A3.E4.B5.D【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍不同国家的人们使用不同的方式对垃圾进行分类。【1题详解】根据下文“Acameraandsensors(感应器)inthebincantellwhattypeofrubbishitisandcarefullysortit.”可知，此空与放入垃圾有关，C选项“人们只需要把垃圾扔进垃圾桶。”符合语境，故选C。【2题详解】根据“ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipaytocreatea‘greenaccount’serviceforpeople.”可知，此空谈到中国关于垃圾分类的问题，A选项“中国正在改进其垃圾分类工作。”符合语境，故选A。【3题详解】根据下文“Thenthewastecanbeputinabin.Thesmartbincanweighthefood.”可知，需要先把食物分出来才能投入垃圾箱进行称量，E选项“人们必须首先将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开。”符合语境，故选E。【4题详解】根据“Peoplehavetopayfortheirfoodwastebyscanning(扫描)abarcode(条形码)onthebin.”可知，此空与价格及付款有关，B选项“如果他们扔掉更多，他们将支付更多。”符合语境，故选B。【5题详解】根据“Differenttypesofpaperproductshavetheirownbins.”可知，每种垃圾都要被分类出来然后放入对应的垃圾箱，D选项“他们对垃圾的分类做得很好，甚至连塑料瓶都放进了不同的垃圾箱。”符合语境，故选D。20、1.C2.D3.B4.D【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了足球运动中裁判所使用的三种牌，黄牌，红牌和白牌。重点介绍了历史上的白牌。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ifaplayerbreaksarule,heorshewillusuallygetayellowcard.Ifaplayerbehavesverybadlyorgetstwoyellowcards,heorshewillgetaredcard.”可知，如果球员违反规则，他或她通常会得到一张黄牌。如果一个球员表现非常糟糕或者得到两张黄牌，他或她将得到一张红牌。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“getstwoyellowcards,heorshewillgetaredcard.”可知，得到两张黄牌会被罚红牌。故两张黄牌等于一张红牌。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThePFFhopesthewhitecardwillencouragesportsspiritandfairgames.”可知，这张白卡用来鼓励体育精神和公平比赛。故选B。【4题详解】最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了足球比赛中的三种牌，重点介绍了历史上白牌设立的原因和使用的历史。故选D。五、补全对话（10分）21、1.MayIhavethemenu/CouldIhavethemenu/Canyoushowusyourmenu2.MayItakeyourordernow3.Anythingelse4.Howmucharethey/Howmuchisit/MayIhavethebill5.Pleasewaitaminute/Pleasewaitamoment【解析】【导语】对话围绕餐厅点餐展开，A是餐厅服务员，B是顾客。【1题详解】根据答语“OK.Here’sthemenu.”，可知A是餐厅服务员，给了顾客B菜单，由此可推出上一句是顾客问服务员要菜单，可用问句“MayIhavethemenu?”或“CouldIhavethemenu?”或“Canyoushowusyourmenu?”来询问，故填MayIhavethemenu/CouldIhavethemenu/Canyoushowusyourmenu。【2题详解】根据答语“Sure,we’dlikeBeijingRoastDuck…”，可知这是顾客点餐的内容，由此可推出上一句是服务员在问顾客“现在可以点餐了吗？”，可用问句“MayItakeyourordernow?”来询问，故填May