Module6-课本同步语法1、2配套课件

1Module6OldandNewGrammar1Grammar22Grammar1-1.Presentation(5m)

Readthesentencesandfindoutthedifferencesbetweenthem.Theoldmanthatyoumetattheschoolgateisaprofessor.Theoldmanisaprofessor,whoisover80yearsold.ThetemplewhichwevisitedlastweekdatesfromSongDynasty.Thetemple,whichisaplaceofinterestinourhometown,datesfromSongdynasty.3Grammar1-2.Practice(5m)Findtherelativeclausesinthetextandidentifythem.Possibleanswers:MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandraintillasmoothlakerisesinthenarrowgorges.”ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver,whichistheworld’sthirdlongestriver,hasbeenharnessedbytheThreeGorgesDam.TheThreeGorgesDam,whichisthebiggestconstructionprojectinchinasincethebuildingoftheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal,hasbeenbuilttocontrolfloodingandprovidehydro-electricpowerforthecentralregionofChina.44.SunYat-sen,whowastheleaderofthe1911Revolution,firstsuggestedtheideaofadamacrosstheYangtzeRiverin1919.5.Morethanamillionpeoplewholivedintheregionhavemovedfromtheirhomes.5Grammar1-3.Practice(5m)Doactivity1onpage54.Thekeytothequestions:aanddcontainessentialinformation;bandccontainextrainformation.aandddon’t,butbandcdobecausethemeaningstandswithouttheextraclause.Theonewithextrainformation.6Grammar1-4.Summary定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如：

Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

72)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：

CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

83)非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：

HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.9Grammar1-5.Practice(5m)Doactivity2and3onpage54Thekeytoactivity2:SunYat-sen,whobecamePresidentoftheRepublicofChinain1912,diedin1925.ThebuildingoftheGrandCanal,whichistheworld’slongestcanal,beganin486BC.Thesectionofthecanal,whichwasbuiltintheseventhcentury,wasmainlyusedforricetransportation.10Keytoactivity3:TheYangtzeriver,A,isthethirdlongestriverintheworld.TheThreeGorgesDam,C,isthebiggestconstructionprojectinChina.MaoZedong,B,wroteapoemaboutadamacrosstheYangtzeRiver.11Grammar2-1.Presentation(5m)Readthesentences,findoutthemeaningofthemandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Imetamanmygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.Imetamanwhomygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.Iwantedtovisitthehousethatmygrandparentslivedin.ThebuswhichItookbacktomybirthplacewasfullofvisitorsfromotherpartsofChina.12Grammar2-2.Presentation(5m)Doactivity1onpage56.Thekeytothequestions:Yes,theydo.Thegrandfather.Yes,theycan.13Grammar2-3.Summary(2m)当引导定语从句的关系代词充当宾语时，可以省略。当引导定语从句的关系代词充当主语时，则不能省略。14Grammar2-4.Practice(5m)Doactivity3and4onpage56.Thekeytoactivity2:1.that2.who3.thatcanbecrossedout4.that5.thatcanbecrossedout6.who15Thekeytoactivity3:Thedamtheybuiltprovidesalargeamountofpower.Thepowerstationwevisitedwasverymodern.Thevillagemygrandparentsusedtoliveisnearthelake.TheboatItookwentfromWuhantoZigui.16Grammar2-5.Presentation(5m)Doactivity2onpage56andfindouttheruleofthecontractionofrelativeclauses.Englishattributiveclausescanbereducedtovariousphrasessuchasparticiplephrases,adjectivephrases,nounphrases,prepositionalphrasesandinfinitivephrases.有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语，如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等，且句意不受影响。我们称这一语现象为定语从句的缩略。

171、缩略为分词短语：

有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的关系代词（who,which,that）和部分谓语（am,is,are，were等，从而使之缩略为现在分词短语或过去分词短语作后置定语。例如：

1）

Iknowthemen(whoare)sittinginthatcar.我认识坐在那辆汽车里的那些人。

2）

Theboyshelpedthepeople(thatwere)hurtintheaccident.

.

那些男孩子救助了事故

中受伤的人们。

183）

Theproblem(whichis)botheringeverybodyisthelackofmoney.

令大家麻烦的问题是缺少资金。

4)Thebook(thathasbeen)giventohimisanEnglishnovel.

给他的那本书是一部英语小说。

19有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略时要考虑现在分词的时态和词态特征。例如：

5）

Themanwhoownsthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking

→Themanowningthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking.

那辆汽车的主人将因违章停车而被处以罚款。

206）

Bill,whohadtakenchemistryinhighschool,of