纯素快餐的流行趋势等3则外刊阅读训练-2023届高三英语二轮复习

外刊精读与练习

纯素快餐的流行趋势

导读：

英国人喜欢吃快餐。然而，越来越多的人正在转向素食和植物性饮食。

这是否意味着这些人不能再享受那些美味的经典快餐？情况似乎不是这

样一一欢迎加入纯素食快餐潮流。纯素快餐为什么如此受欢迎？它比普

通快餐更健康吗？本期“外刊精读〃介绍纯素食快餐的流行趋势。

一、语篇泛读

Therearearound600,000vegansintheUK,accordingtoTheVegan

Society.That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation-anamountexpectedto

increaseto25%by2025.Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove,

it'sfastfood.True,it'snotthemostnutritious,butthere'snothingquite

likethecrunchofcrispychips,orthatfirstbigbiteintoajuicyhamburger.

PeopleintheUKlovejunkfoodsomuchthattherewasa34%increasein

thenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018,accordingtotheOffice

forNationalStatistics.It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoon

therise.

Veganfastfoodhasbecomebigbusiness.AtJustEat,anonlinefood

deliverycompany,veganordersmorethandoubledin2018,aspokesperson

toldtheBBC.Greggs,achainofhigh-streetbakeries,nameditsvegan

sausagerollthe'fastest-sellingproductinsixyears'.Andbigfranchises

suchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechickennuggetsto

comeinthefuture.

What'sdrivingthispopularity?KatrinaFox,founderofVeganBusiness

Media,believesit'stheresultofsocialmediaandthebreakingdownof

stereotypes."Veganfcodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils-

youcaneatprettymuchanything/'shetoldtheBBC.

It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.JohnMarulanda,owner

ofMooshies-aveganburgerbarinLondon-wantstoimplement"achange

toahealthyversionoffastfood."Something,heclaims,thatcomesasa

resultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.

But,isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy?AzminaGovindjioftheBritish

DieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase."It'sfineifthose

productshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem...butthey

canstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsof

salt."

Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders,thetrendforveganfastfoodisn't

likelytodisappearanytimesoon.Health-wise,itmaynotbeany

morenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany,thelackofanimal

sufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.

二、词汇表

vegan严格素食主义者

fastfood快餐

nutritious营养丰富的

crispy酥脆的

juicy多汁的

junkfood垃圾食品

bakery面包店

meat-free无肉的

nugget小块食品

lentil扁豆

nutritionalvalue营养价值

ingredient（食品）成分，原料

vitamin维生素

iodine碘

calcium钙

fried油炸的

creamy像奶油的

fatty富含脂肪的

sauce酱，调味汁

nourishing富有营养的

三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Trueorfalse:ThenumberofvegansintheUKisexpectedtofallby

2025.

2.Whatevidenceistherethatveganfastfoodhasbecomepopular?

3.AccordingtoKatrinaFox,whatismakingveganfoodpopular?

4.AccordingtoAzminaGovindji,whyshouldwenotassumethatvegan

fastfoodishealthy?

5.Whichwordinthetextmeans'existingasanaturalorbasicpartof

something,?

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.Idon'twanttoeatfastfoodtonight.Ifeellikesomethingmore

newtrishusnutritious

vitaminfried

2.Beforecookinganything,Iliketogathertogetherallthe

needtomaketherecipe.

veganjunkfood

ingredientsiodine

3.Weencouragechildrentodrinkmilkbecauseit'sagoodsource

oftokeeptheirboneshealthy.

vitamincalcium

fastfoodingredients

4.Ialwayspreferthick,chunkysouptothin,waterysoup.Whensoup

hasthickvegetablesinit,it'smuchmore.

nutritionnutrients

nourishmentnourishing

5.Ican'teattoomanysausages.Ilovetheirtaste,butthey're

tooIpreferrriymeatleaner.

creamyfatty

friedvegan

参考答案

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Trueorfalse:ThenumberofvegansintheUKisexpectedtofallby

False.By2025,25%oftheUKpopulationisexpectedtobevegan.

2.Whatevidenceistherethatveganfastfoodhasbecomepopuar?

JustEatsaysthatveganordersmorethandoubledin2018.Greggs'

fastest-sellingproductin6yearswasavegansausagerollandbig

franchisessuchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechicken

nuggets.

3.AccordingtoKatrinaFox,whatismakingveganfoodpopular?

KatrinaFoxbelievesit'stheresultofsocialmediaandthebreakingdown

ofstereotypes.

4.AccordingtoAzminaGovindji,whyshouldwenotassumethatvegan

fciblfoodishealIhy?

Becausethoseproductscanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,

fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.

5.Whichwordinthetextmeans'existingasanaturalorbasicpartof

something'?

Inherent.(Something,heclaims,thatcomesasaresultoftheinherent

nutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.)

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.Idon'twanttoeatfastfoodtonight.Ifeellikesomething

morenutritious.

2.Beforecookinganything,Iliketogathertogetherall

theingredientsIneedtomaketherecipe.

3.Weencouragechildrentodrinkmilkbecauseit'sagoodsource

ofcalciumtokeeptheirboneshealthy.

4.Ialwayspreferthick,chunkysouptothin,waterysoup.Whensoup

hasthickvegetablesinit,it'smuchmorenourishing.

5.Ican'teattoomanysausages.Ilovetheirtaste,butthey're

toofatty.Iprefermymeatleaner.

既环保又耐用的未来服装面料

导读：

“快时尚〃(fastfashion)产业的兴起让消费者们能以低廉的价格买到

紧跟潮流的时装，但这也意味着新的衣服往往没穿多久就会被送往垃圾场

填埋或被焚烧。这一现象推动了人们对长久、耐用的纺织物的需求。本期

“外刊精读〃介绍这些新型的服装材料，并探讨怎样才能让追求时尚这件

事变得更环保。

一、语篇泛读

Choosingwhattowearcanbeatrickyproblem,especiallyifyou're

afashionvictim.Tryingtokeepupwiththelateststylesinvolvesregular

visitstotheshopsandsometimesforkingoutfor

expensivedesignerclothes.Butwhenthefashionchanges,theseclothes

languishinthebackofcupboardsgatheringdust,orjustgetthrownaway.

Therearemanystoresthatnowoffercheap"fastfashion*-Iov/-price

itemsthatimitatethestylesofmoreexpensivedesignerbrands.

Environmentalistsareangeredbytheamountofenergyinvolvedinmaking

theseclothesandthatmanyofthemaremadefrom

non-recyclablematerials.Thismeansthatitemsarejustincineratedorgo

intolandfill.

WritingaboutthisfortheBBC,EleanorLawriesaysthatpeopleinthe

UKaretheworstinEuropefordoingthis-withamilliontonnesof

unwantedtextilesayearbeingdiscarded.Andshesays"ontopofoften

poorlabourconditionsforgarmentworkers,thefashionindustryis

responsiblefor70%oftheworld'swastewater,and10%ofcarbon

emissions.”

Thisissomethingthefashionindustryisbecomingmoreawareofand

hasledtoanewcropofbiomaterialsthatreplacewastefultextiles

likecottonandleather.ExamplesincludePinatex,aleather-likesubstance

madefromdiscardedpineappleleaves.It'sbeenusedincollectionsby

HugoBossandH&M,Andthere'smycelium,therootstructureof

mushrooms,that/sbeingusedtocreatefood,packagingandtextiles.

Cottonisaveryresource-intensecroptogrow.EleanorLawriesays

“about15,000litersofwater[are]requiredtomakeonepairofjeans."So,

buyingorganiccottonisabetterchoice.AndthereisalsoTencel,also

knownasLyocelI,aridluralproductIhdl'snowgrowinginpupularily.Il's

madebyextractingcellulosefiberfromtrees;itsmanufactureisthoughtto

use95%lesswaterthancottonprocessing.

Butcreatingsustainabletextilesisonlypartofthebattle-

buyingethically,buyingsecondhandandbuyingfewerclothesarethe

obviousenvironmentallyfriendlychoices.DrRichardBlackburnfromLeeds

SchoolofDesigntoldtheBBCthat"Idon'tthinkyoushouldconsiderbuying

anyitemofclothingunlessyoucommitto30wears.Unlessyoucandothat

you'renotevenstartingtobesustainable/7

二、词汇表

fashionvictim盲目追求时尚的人

style（服装）风格，流行式样

forkout（不情愿地）付钱

designer出自著名设计师的，名牌的

fastfashion“快时尚〃，指更新频率高、价格低廉、紧跟时尚风潮的

服装

material材料

incinerate焚烧

landfill垃圾填埋场

textile纺织品

discarded被丢弃的

garmentworker服装工人

biomaterial生物材料

cotton棉

leather皮革

Pihatex“菠萝皮革〃，用菠萝叶制成的替代皮革面料

collection（服装品牌推出的）时装系列

organic有机的

Tencel“天丝绒〃

Lyocell莱赛尔纤维

cellulosefibre再生纤维素纤维

sustainable可持续的

ethically符合道德准则地

三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Whathappenstomanyoftheclothesthatcan'tberecycled?

2.WhichEuropeancountryistheworstforthrowingawayunv/anted

clothes?

3.Trueorfalse?UsingthenaturalproductTencelasanalternativeto

cotton,uses15,000litreslesswatertomakeonepairofjeans.

4.WhatdoesRichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,

recommendcommittingtowhenbuyinganitemofclothing?

5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans:"existinanunv/anted

situationforalongtime'.

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思恰当的单词填

入句子中的空格处。

1.Goingtouniversitycanbeexpensive-I'malwaysfortext

books,pens,foodandgoingouteverynight!

forkoutforkingout

outforkingforkingup

2.Iwenttoagreatfashionshowwheretheyshowedlotsofthe

latestclothes-butIcouldn'taffordtobuythem.

stylecollection

designerethically

3.Myboyfriendboughtmeat-shirtmadefromhemp.Ifeelgood

wearingsomethingmadefromamaterialthatwillhepthe

environment.

sustainableethically

cottonsubstance

4.Iwenttoapartyandsawmybosswearingasillydressmadefrom

feathers-sheisobviouslya.

fashionvictimsfashionablevictim

fashionsvictimfashionvictim

5.Thecarwascompletelywhenitcaughtfireaftertheengine

over-heated.

sustainablesubstance

carbonemissionsincinerated

参考答案

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Whathappenstomanyoftheclothesthatcan'tberecycled?

Manyitemsarejustincinerated(burned)orgointolandfill.

2.WhichEuropeancountryistheworstforthrowingawayunv/anted

clothes?

TheBBC'sEleanorLawriesaysthatpeopleintheUKaretheworstin

Europe.Amilliontonnesofunwantedtextilesayeararediscarded.

3.Trueorfalse?UsingthenaturalproductTencelasanalternativeto

cotton,uses15,000litreslesswatertomakeonepairofjeans.

False.About15,000litresofwater[are]requiredtomakeonepairof

jeanswithcottonbutTencelisthoughttouse95%lesswaterthancotton

processing.

4.WhatdoesRichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,

recommendcommittingtowhenbuyinganitemofclothing?

RichardBlackburn,fromLeedsSchoolofDesign,toldtheBBCthat"Idon't

thinkyoushouldconsiderbuyinganyitemofclothingunlessyoucommit

to30wears.w

5.Whichwordusedinthearticlemeans:'existinanunv/anted

situationforalongtime".

Languish.(Whenthefashionchanges,theseclotheslanguishinthebackof

cupboardsgatheringdustorjustgetthrownaway.)

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思恰当的单词填

入句子中的空格处。

1.Goingtouniversitycanbeexpensive-I'malwaysforkingoutfor

textbooks,pens,foodandgoingouteverynight!

2.Iwenttoagreatfashionshowwheretheyshowedlotsofthe

latestdesignerclothes-butIcouldn'taffordtobuythem.

3.Myboyfriendboughtmeat-shirtmadefromhemp.Ifeelgood

wearingsomethingmadefromasustainablematerialthatwillhelpthe

environment.

4.Iwenttoapartyandsawmybosswearingasillydressmadefrom

feathers-sheisobviouslyafashionvictim.

5.Thecarwascompletelyincineratedwhenitcaughtfireafterthe

engineover-heated.

英国传统购物街的未来

导读：

英国的传统商业街被称为“highstreet"高街，这是购物者过去购买

时尚品牌和必需品的地方，也是能找到熟悉高街品牌商店和连锁咖琲馆的

地方。然而现在，面对来自大型购物中心和互联网购物的竞争，传统购物

街的数量逐年减少，再也不见往日的熙攘。本期“外刊精读”讨论英国购

物街近年来的变化。

一、语篇泛读

Doyoulikeshopping?ForshopaholicsintheUK,theplacetoheadto

usetobethe/highstreet'.Thislocationreferstothestreetsinthecenter

ofatownwherebusinessesandpopularbranchesofretailchainscouldbe

found.Itwastheplacewhereyoucouldfindfamiliarfashionbrandsand

essentialeverydayitems.Butchangeinourshoppinghabitshastakenits

tollontheBritishhighstreet.

Newsaboutshopslosingmoneyandshuttingisnowcommon.Some

city-centredepartmentstoreshaveclosedandeven

long-establishedretailerssuchasMarksandSpencerhavereportedprofit

slumps.AccordingtotheaccountancyfirmPricewaterhouseCoopersand

theLocalDataCompany,arecord2,481shopsdisappearedfromUKhigh

streetslastyear-upby40%.Evensomelargewarehouse-style

storesinout-of-townretailparks,havegonebustandshutupshop.

AstheBBC'sEmmaSimpsonwrites,thingshavebecomealotharder

fortraditionalretailersinrecentyears.Theyhavefacedrisingcostsfrom

wages,businessratesandtherequirementtointroduceEurope'snewdata

law.Butthebiggestthreathascomefromonlineshopping.Shesays

Consumersnowspendoneineveryfivepoundsonline-andifbusinesses

areseeing20%fewersalesontheshopfloor,aswellastheirfixed

costsrising,thenprofitmarginswillbesqueezed//

Whilesomeofusliketowindowshop-browsingforthingstobuy,

onlytopurchasethemonlineatadiscount-thefactisthat,overall,

shoppersaremakingfewervisitstohighstreets.Eventually,towncentres

couldbecomelikeghosttowns.Ifpeoplearen'toutandaboutshopping,

theywon'tuseotherservices,likecafes,restaurantsandcinemas.Italso

resultsinjoblosses.TheBritishRetailConsortiumhasalreadywarnedthat

900,000UKretailjobscouldbelostby2025.Thehighstreethasalso

sufferedfromtheacventofbigshoppingmails,whichofferaretail

experienceunderone「oof,withfreeparking,awayfromthebadweather!

Meanwhile,backonthehighstreet,someshopsstillexist.Analysts

havesaidit'sthosethathavemovedawayfromtraditionalretailingthat

aresurviving.Theseincludebeautysalons,nailbarsandindependent

coffeeshops-butarethesekindsofshopsenoughtokeeptheBritishhigh

streetopenforbusiness?

二、词汇表

shopaholic购物狂

branch分店

retailchain连锁店

brand品牌

takeitstoll造成损失

departmentstore百货公司

retailer零售商

profit利润

slump猛跌，下滑

warehouse-stylestore仓储式商店

out-of-town城外的，市郊的

retailpark（郊外的）购物区,零售商业区

bust破产的

businessrate商业税

consumer消费者

shopfloor实体店里,商店里

fixedcosts固定成本

margin利润

windowshop只逛不买；浏览商店橱窗，但无意购买

browse随意看

ghosttown"鬼镇"，被废弃的城镇

shoppingmall购物中心

beautysalon美容院

nailbar美甲店

三、测试与练习

阅读课文并回答问题。

1.Accordingtothearticle,whatsortofthingscouldyoubuyona

traditionalBritishhighstreet?

2.Whyareshopsonthehighstreetbecomingmoreexpensiveto

operate?

3.Trueorfalse?Peoplearevisitingthehighstreetlessbecausethey

looklikeghosttowns.

4.Whatcanyoudowithyourcaratmanylargeshoppingmalls?

5.AccordingtotheBritishRetailConsortium,whatmightbelostby

2025?

请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填

入句子的空格处。

1.Haveyouseenthisnewshoppingwebsite?Itsellsallmyfavourite

athalftheusualprice!

brandbranded

brandingbrands

2.seemtobewakinguptotheideathatshoppersbuymoreif

theyareofferedadiscount.

retailersconsumers

branchesindependent

3.Thestressofhisjobhasonhisbody-helookslikehe's60

eventhoughhe'sonly39!

takeatolltakenitstoll

takenthetolltakesatoll

4.Iprefertos