高考英语阅读理解和任务型阅读专练

阅读理解专项练习（一）

高考英语阅读理解语篇的读解实力培育

（训练步骤：第一，先阅读每个段落的提问；其次，自己思索答案：第三，看参考答案：第四，最终再阅读全

文。）

段落一：

©ForalmosttwomonthsDominicYork,a23-year-oldhairdresser,wanderedabouthospitalsallnight,

wearingawhitecoatandpretendinghewasadoctor.②Yesterdayheproudlyclaimedincourtthatdespite

hiscompletelackofmedicalexperienceorqualifications,hehadsavedseveralpeople'slives.@He

hadevenbeenallowedtoassistasurgeonduringanemergencyoperationonapatientwhowasaboutto

dieonsomethingshehadswallowed.

♦本段交代了几件事情？

答：本段交代了两件事情。首句介绍了一个叫DominicYork的青年几乎两个月以来在医院周边走动。后两句话讲

解并描述这名青年干过的“伟业”。

♦句②和句③是什么关系？

答：句③是对句②的递进说明。该青年不但救了好几人的命，还能被准许在挽救一濒死女子（she）的手术中帮

个忙,

♦句②交代了什么重要内容？

答：该句的incourt表明该人上了法庭。句②和句③的内容都是DominicYork在法庭上的陈述。

段落二：

①“1watchedoneofthoseTVdramasaboutahospitalandsuddenly1feltlikeplayingoneofthe

rolesmyseif.②SoIputonawhitejacketandastethoscope（听诊器）andwalkedaroundoneofthebiggest

hospitalinLondon.@Atfii'stIjustwatched.©Onceyoulearnhowdoctorstalktopatients,nursesand

othersdoctors,it'seasytotakepeoplein,“hesaid.

♦本段交代了几件事情？

答：本段交代了两件事情。针对上段第一句讲解并描述DominicYork的青年几乎两个月以来在医院周边走动，

本段句①句②说明白他这么做的缘由。句③和句④讲解并描述这名青年到医院后的举动以及如此举动的缘由。

♦句③和句④是什么关系？

答：句④是对句③的说明说明。青年DominicYork为什么在一起先仅仅在那儿视察（justwatch）?因为他知

道，一旦（once）学会了医生是如何讲话的，那么自己就能顺当地冒充，而不被人识破。

段落三：

©OnoofthepatientshetreatedwasLauraKennan.②Shehadbeenknockeddownbyacarandfainted.

③*henshecametoinhospiLal,Yorkwasstandingoverher.

♦本段交代了几件事情？

答：本段交代了三件事情。第一件事情是介绍一名被DominicYork治疗过的叫作LauraKennan病人：再就是

介绍这个病人因何事被送往医院；最终交代该人一进医院，DominicYork就站在她旁边。

♦句②交代了什么重要内容？

答：该句介绍了LauraKennan因何被送往医院：是因为被汽车撞倒后不省人事。

段落四：

①“Helookedveryprofessional.②HetoldmehisnamewasDoctorSimon.③Thenhegavemesomesort

ofinjection,**shesaid.④Andthenhesuddenlyclearedoffwhenanurseaskedwhohewas.⑤Shedicin't

thinktherewasanythingwrong.⑤“Iwouldneverhaverealizedhewasafakeifapolicewomanhadn't

showedmehisphotographaweeklater.©Whenthepolicewomantoldmewhohereallywas,Icouldhardly

believemyears.”

♦本段交代了几件事情？

答：本段是女病人LauraKennan对当时情景的讲解并描述。可以推断，LauraKennan是在法庭(incourt)的

证人席上讲此番话的。

♦句①句②和句③交代了什么重要内容？

答：该句交代了LauraKennan见到假医生DominicYork后的第一印象。他虽然是个冒牌医生，但是看上去很

是专业(veryprofessional),还起了个假称呼(DoctorSimon)„这个假医生还给LauraKennan注射了什么。

♦句④和句⑤以及句⑥是什么关系？

答：句⑤是对句④的交代说明。句④讲DominicYork被护士询问后突然(suddenly)消逝(clearoff),按

说这一状况很是令人生疑，可或许是因为他装得太专业了(lookedveryprofessional),以至于lauraKennan不

认为这有什么不对劲(didn*tthinktherewasanythingwrong)0

♦句⑥和句⑤是什么关系？

答：句⑥是对句⑤的进一步说明。不但她(LauraKennan)当时没看出异样，就是事后也觉察不出异样。要不

是警察提示，她将恒久被瞒在鼓里。句⑥的语气是对过去事情的一种虚拟假设：“要不是警察在一周后向他出示该

假医生的照片，她将恒久不能意识到(wouldneverhaverealized)该人是冒牌医生。”而事实上呢，警察既出示

了照片，她也意识到了该人是冒牌大夫。

♦句⑦交代了什么重要内容？

答：句⑦侧面强化了句①。他装得太象了(lookedveryprofessional),以至于当LauraKennan被告之真相

后，竟然几乎不敢(couldhardly)信任自己的耳朵(believemyears)。

段落五：

©JudgeRaymondAdamstoldYorkthathewas“shockedandhorrified“thathegotawaywithhisdeceiving

forsolong.②Andthensentencedhimtoeighteenmonthsinaspecialprisonforcriminalwithmental

disorders.

♦本段交代了几件事情？

答：由于文章首段句②里的incourt交代了假医生DominicYork在法庭上做着陈述，因此本段笔锋一转，讲

起了法庭里的另一主角：法官。本段描述法官的审判感受以及断案结果。

♦句①句②交代了什么重要内容？

答：句①交代了法官的审判感受，假医生屡屡得手后的逃离令他(he)乂惊又怕(shockedandhorrified)o

是呀，这假大夫治病，那后果可难说啊。

句②交代了法官的审判结果，他把这假大夫DwinicYork关到一个为精神异样的犯人打算的特别监狱里，刑期

18个月。

段落六：

①"Icanonlyhopethatthiswillnotleadtofurtherproblems.②Afterall,youwillhaveconsiderable

opportunitytostudythebehaviourofthepsychiatrists(精神科医生)whowilllookafteryouwhileyouare

there.@Ifyoutrytopersuadepeoplethatyouyourselfareapsychiatristafteryouaresetfree,T

shal1makesurethatyouaregivenamuchlongersentence."JudgeAdamswarnedYork.

♦本段交代了什么事情？

答：本段交代了法官在审判后对被告人DominicYork的警告(naming)。

♦句①和句②是什么关系？

答：句②是对句①的说明说明。为什么法官讲自己仅能希望(canonlyhope)这将不会导致更多麻烦(further

problems)?是因为DominicYork被关进了一个常接触医生的监狱，在那里其有足够的机会去视察学习(have

considerableopportunitytostudy)精神科医生的举止，万一他出狱后改成冒充精神科医生，干起了精神病治精

神病的事儿，岂不更遭？

♦句③交代了什么重要内容？

答：为了防止出现句①所述的更多麻烦，法官只能威逼被告：“要是你敢在释放后(afteryouaresetfree)

冒充精神科医生，我定将加重判决”。

1、快速阅读题干，通过题干先对问题做一些区分。一般来说，出题人在题目的设置方面，都会根据文章的内容来依

次设置问题的依次。问题设置的难度也是由浅入深。所以，大家在第一遍阅读文章时，基本上可以将该篇文章的1-3

小题做出答案或是找到问题在文章中显示的位置。假如是考细微环节的题目，你可以在第一遍阅读文章的时候，拿

铅笔把题干中最具代表性的几个词划出来，为其次遍精读时找寻答案或是思索答案做铺垫。

2、看过题干之后，再返回原文阅读，在阅读的过程中不用过于留意词句的把握，遇到不相识的单词不必作太久的停

留，以免影响阅读速度。

3、近些年英语阅读的特点是几乎不出现须要综合跨段的信息状况。因而，理解之后就可以马上返回题目，阅读选项

进行选择。

5、在做看法题的时候，尤其要留意开头和结尾部分，重点是形容词的把握，并且要重视文中出现的有明显转折词的

地方＜

将题型分类更科学：

①词汇题。这类题考查目的是，让考生以上下文内容为参考•，尝试理解文中出现的生词。而文章中出现这个生词的

位置，往往下文中出现的内容是对这个词的说明、说明、举例等。

②主旨题。大家应当很熟识这类题型。遇到这类题最简洁的方法是把文中每段的首句串起来考虑。若是仅问其中某

一段的中心思想,则可将该段的首、尾句加起来考虑C

③作者观点、看法题。这种题是考查读者对于作者的写作意图和看法是否明白。解题的关键是要看作者在文中用了

什么样的口气。若用褒义词，明显是赞成；若用贬义词，明显是反对：若客观陈述，则是中性的立场，不偏不倚。

更为明显地一个解题方法，就是找寻文中的转折词，一般转折此后面的文段表明白作者的观点。

④细微环节问题。这类题出现的特点是，以考查文章中某一个细微环节问题为入手点。它可能出现与原文中某一句

话。但是，往往照抄原文的句子并不肯定是正确选项。这类题的正确答案，应当是与原文意思和所何问题相符的才

对。

⑤推埋性问题。既然这类题被命名为推理题，你就不应当希望在原文中搜寻出答案，而应当通过自己的理解去推理

答案，但切忌凭空瞎想，要忠实原文内容去推理。这类题是阅读理解种最难的一类问题。你只有以原文中某句话或

某个词语为依据去合理推想才能找到合适的答案。

做英语阅读，须耍有量的积累，但是假如只知道味埋头做题，同样无济丁事。做了肯定量的题目以

后，须要有一个反思总结。要把自己错的题归类出来，属于上面5种题型的哪一种。并将自己的答案

与参考答案进行对比，体会出题者的意图和你理解的偏差。俗话说吃一堑长一智，再同一类型题上多

次总结错误后，我信任你就会渐渐地削减错误率。最终得到满足的结果。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Althoughmanhasknownasbestosfbrmanyhundredsofyears,itwasnotuntil160yearsagothatitwasminedtor

thefirsttimeontheNorthAmericancontinent.H.W.Johns,ownerofaNewYorkCitySupplyShopforrooters,was

responsiblefor（对...负责）iheopeningofthatfirstmine.

Mr.JohnswasgivenapieceofasbestoswhichhadbeenfoundinItaly.Heexperimentedwiththematerialandthen

showeditssurprisingpowerstohiscustomers.Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloves,whichlookedmuchlikeordinary

workgloves,hetookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands.Ilowastonishedthecustomerswere

todiscoverthathewasnotburnedatall.Youcanwellimaginethathehadincreasingbusinessinasbestosroofingmaterials.

However,becauseitwasveryexpensivetotransport（carry）themfromItalytotheUnitedStates,Mr.Johnssentoutayoung

scientisttoseekasourcenearerhome.Thisyoungmanfoundgreatvein（岩脉），intheprovinceofQuebecinCanada.

Eversince1881Quebechasledtheworldintheproductionofthisunusualmineral,whichismadeupof

magnesium,silicon,iron,andoxygen.Whenitismined,theasbestosisheavy,justasyouwouldexpectamineraltobe.

Whenitisseparated,astrangethinghappens:therockbreaksdownintofine,soft,soapyfibers（纤维）.

Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyintothreads^戋），buttheyhavefoundthousandsofuses

ofthisfireproofmaterial,oftheso-called44clothofsione".

1.Whichtitlebestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.AsbestosminedinCanadaB.Fireproofmatter

C.A"wonder“mineralD.Anewroofingmaterial

2.Johnsprovedhisabilityasasalesmanby.

A.goingintoroofingbusinessB.carryingasbestosfromItaly

C.sendingatrainedscientistD.showingtheuseofasbestosgloves

3.Whichisthemostimportantcharacterofasbestosthattheauthorwantstoshowus?

A.Itislikethread.B.Itfeelsso叩y.

C.Itburnseasily.D.1（isunusuallyheavy.

4.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassagewasto.

A.showtheneedformorescientists

B.compareasbestoswithotherminerals

C.increasethesalesofasbestos

D.presentfactsaboutasbestos

B

Everyobject(ellsastory.Even(hemostordinaryobjectscanpresenttouspowerfulimages.Sometimesitisthe

ordinaiynatureoftheseobjectsthatactuallymakesthemsoextraordinary.Suchisthecasewithanoldleathershoeina

museuminAlaska.Atfirstglanceitdoesnotlooklikemuch.Itisawoman'sshoeofastylepopularinthe1890s.Butwhatis

unique(独特的)aboutthisshoeiswher，itwasfound.ItwasdiscoveredontheCheckoutPass,thefamoustrailusedbythe

peopleseekinggoldinAlaska.Whoitbelongedtoorwhyitwasleftthereisnotknown.Wasitperhapsdroppedbyaccident

asthewomanclimbedupthe1500stairscanedoutface?Ordidshethrowawaygoodsthatshedidn'tneedinordertotravel

lighter?

Over100,000peoplewith“goldfever“madethistriphopingtobecomemillionaires.Fewofthemunderstoodthaton

theirwaytheywouldhavetocrossaharshwildness.Unpreparedforsuchadangerousjourney,manydiedofstarvationand

exposuretothecoldweather.

TheCanadiangovernmentfinallystartedrequiringthegoldseekerstobringonetonofsupplieswiththem.Thiswas

thoughttobeenoughforapersontosurviveR)roneyear.Theywouldcarrytheirsuppliesinbackpacks(背包)eachweighing

uptofiftypounds;itusuallytookatleast40tripstogeteverythingtothetopandoverthepass.Whoeverdroppedtheshoe

musthavebeenabraveanddetenninedwoman.PerhapsshewassuccessfulandmadeittoAlaska.Perhapsshehadtoturn

backindefeat.Noonewilleverknowforsure,butwhatwedoknowisthatshetookpartinoneofthegreatestadventuresin

the19thcentury.

5.Theordinarywoman'sleathershoeisconsideredunusualbecause.

A.itwasanimportantcluetolifeinthepastB.itwasfoundonafamoustrail

C.itatonetimebelongedtoaVIPD.itwasafashionableshoeatthattime

6.According(othispassage,manypeoplewhowenttoAlaska.

A.eventuallybecamemillionairesB.broughtwiththemmanyshoes

C.hadconflictswiththeEskimosD.werenotproperlyequipped

7.TheCanadiangovernmentmadegoldseekersbringoneyear'ssupplieswiththemsothat.

A.theywouldnotdieofhungerandcold

B.thearmywouldhaveenoughfoodforfightingawar

C.theywouldchangethesegoodswiththeEskimos

D.thesupplieswouldmakeAlaskarich

8.Nomatterwhathappenedtothewomanwhoownedtheshoe,.

A.shemusthavelivedahappylite

B.shecertainlydroppedtheshoeonpurpose

C.heradventurousspiritisdefinitelyadmired

D.herothershoeswereequallyfashionable

C

WithonlyaboutI.000pandasleftintheworld,Chinaisdesperatelytryingtoclone（克隆）theanimalandsavethe

endangeredspecies（物种）.That,samovesimilartowhataTexasA&MUniversityresearchershavebeenundertakingfor

thepastfiveyearsinaprojectcalled"Noah'sArk".

Noah'sArkisaimedatcollectingeggs,embryos（胚胎），semenandDNAofendangeredanimalsandstoringthemin

liquidnitrogen.Ifcertainspeciesshouldbecomeextinct,Dr.DuaneKraemer,aprofessorinTexasA&M'sCollegeof

VeterinaryMedicine,saystherewouldbeenoughofthebasicbuildingblockstoreintroducethespeciesinthefuture.

Ilisestimatedthatasmanyas2,000speciesofmammals,birdsreptileswillbecomeextinctinover100years.The

panda,nativeonlytoChina,isindangerofbecomingextinctinthenext25years.

Thisweek,Chinesescientistssaidtheygrewanembryobyintroducir.gcellsfromadeadfemalepandaintotheeggcells

ofaJapanesewhiterabbit.Theyarenowtryingtoimplanttheembryointoahostanimal.

Theentireprocedurecouldtakefromthreetofiveyearstocomplete.

“Thenucleartrans所（核子移植）ofonespeciestoanotherisnoteasy,andthelackofavailable（capableofbeingused）

pandaeggscouldbeamajorproblem,Kraemerbelieves."Theywillprobablyhavetodoseveralhundredtransferstoresult

inonepregnancy（havingababy）.Ittakesalongtimeandit'sdifficult,butthiscouldbegroundbreakingscienceifitworks.

Theyarecertainlynotputtinganylivepandasatrisk,soitisworththec^lbrt,^^addsKraemer,whoisoneofIhcleadersofthe

ProjectatTexasA&M,thefirst-everattemptatcloningadog.

“Theyarctryingtodosomethingthat'sneverbeendone,andthisisverysimilartoourworkinNoah'sArk.We'reboth

tryingtosaveanimalsthatfaceextinction.Icertainlyappreciatetheireffortandthere'salotwccanlearnfromwhattheyarc

attemptingtodo.It'saresearchthatisverymuchneeded.”

9.Theaimof“Noah'sArk"projectisto.

A.makeeffortstoclonetheendangeredpandas

B.saveendangeredanimalsfromdyingout

C.collectDNAofendangeredanimalstostudy

D.transferthenuclearofoneanimaltoanother

10.AccordingtoProfessorKraemer,themajorproblemincloningpandaswouldbethelackof.

A.availablepandaeggsB.hostanimals

C.qualifiedresearchersD.enoughmoney

11.Thebesttidetorthepassageinaybe.

A.China'sSuccessinPandasCloning

B.TheFirstClonedPandain（heWorld

C.ExploringthePossibilitytoClonePandas

D.China—theNativePlaceofPandasForever

12.Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.Kraemerandhisteamhavesucceededincloningadog

B.scientiststrytoimplantapanda'seggintoarabbit

C.KraemerwillworkwithChinesescientistsincloneresearches

D.abouttwothousandofspecieswillprobablydieoutinacentury

D

OnSaturdayAugust12,2000,duringNorthernFleettrainingexercisesintheBarentsSea,theRussiannuclear

submarine（潜水艇）Kursksankinabout100metersofwaterwithsome118sailorsaboard.It'sknownlaterthatseveral

officerswerealsoaboard,observingthstrainingexercises.TheKurskislyingontheoceanfl（x）rintheBarentsSea.The

RussianNavysaidthatitwaslisting30degreestoport.Othersourcesreporteditwaslistingasmuch60asdegrees.

AccordingtoaRussiannewspaper,whenthesubmarineKurskfailedtomakeconlaclwiththenavalcommandattheright

timelaterthatday,NorthernFleetCommanderAdmiralVyachesavPopovorderedrescueshipsintothearea.Ittookhoursto

findthesubmarine,asitdidn'llaunch（放射）amarkingbuoy（浮）beforesinking.

RussianNavyChiefinsistedthatthesubmarineKurskhadbeeninvolved（卷入）inamajorcollision（碰撞），butagreat

dealofinformationshowsthatthisisnottrue.Uptillnow,it'sbelievedthatanexplosioninthetorpedocompartment（鱼雷舱）

inthenoseoftheKurskwasthelikelycause.NowRussiangovernmentofficiallyaskedNorwayforhelpinrecoveringof

sailors'bodiesfirstofall,andNorwayhasagreedtoofferallhelp.ButRussianinsistedthatonlyRussiansworkinsidethe

submarineKurskandthattheworklastforabout1078workingdays.Itisexpectedtorecoveronly25〜35bodiesfrom

theKursk.

ItwasnotuntilOctober25,whenateamofRussiandiversenteredthesubmarineKursk,some350feetbelowthe

surface,thattruthbecameclear.OnNcvcmbcr7,inthemorning,owingto（由于）theicyandthecoldweather,aspecial

rescuemeetingheldonMurmanskdecicedtostopthewholebodiesrecoveringoperation.

13.