高中英语译林版必修一学案Module2PeriodOneWeletotheunitReading

Unit2GrowingpainsThemainprobleminfamilyisthemunicationdifficultybetweenparentsandchildren,or“generationgap”．Accordingtoasurvey,morethan50%oftheteenagersprefertotelltheirfriendstheirproblems,butnottheirparents.Why?Becausetheydon'tthinktheirparentscanunderstandtheirproblems.Thatmakesitmeaninglesstohaveadiscussionwiththeirparents.Forexample,teenagersareinfavorofHip–Hopnowadayswhiletheirparentstreatitasakindofdamagetotheart.ParentsarefondofBeijingOperawhilechildrencan'tseetheamazing(令人吃惊的)pointatall.ThenhowcantheysharethetopicofHip–HoporBeijingOpera?Havingbeenraisedbyparentsformorethan15years,teenagersseemtobetiredoffortablelife，especiallyboys.Theythinktheyhavehadtheabilitytogotheirownwaywithoutthehelpoftheirparents.Teenagerstrytheirbesttobelessaffectedbytheirparents.Ifthereissomethingthatishardtodealwith,theyturntotheirfriendsorteachers.Someevenaskforadvicefromonlinefriendswhomthey'venevermet.Theytalklittlewiththeirparents,spendlesstimewiththemandrefusetoaskfortheirparents'help.Whataboutparents?Theydon'twanttheirchildrentobehurt,evenonlyalittlebit.Therefore,theyareagainstanythingthattheythinkwillbedangerousfortheirchildren.Parentsofmanyofmystudentsoftentalktomeabouttheirworries.Althoughtheyclearlyrealizethatindependenceisgoodforteenagersinsomefields,they'dliketoprotectthemasmuchaspossible.词海拾贝1．generationgap代沟2．meaninglessadj.毫无意义的3．fortableadj.舒适的4．abilityn．能力5．refusev．拒绝PeriodOneWeletotheunit&ReadingⅠ.单词自测1．actn．(戏剧的)一幕；vi.扮演；行动actionn．行动2．frightenedadj.受惊的；害怕的frighteningadj.吓人的，令人害怕的3．starvevi.挨饿，饿死；vt.使挨饿4．cashn．现金5．toleratevt.容忍；允许tolerantadj.忍受的，忍让的6．behavio(u)rn．行为，举止behavev．表现；表现得体7．faultn．过错，错误8．scenen．(戏剧的)一场；场面；景色9．upsetadj.不高兴的，失望的；vt.使不高兴，使失望upset(过去式，过去分词)upsetting(现在分词)10．defendvt.辩解，辩白；防御；保护defencen．防御，防卫；保护11．emergencyn．突发事件，紧急情况12．anyhowadv.反正；尽管如此13．deservevt.值得；应得；应受14．explanationn．解释，说明explainv．解释，说明15．hardadj.苛刻的，严厉的16．rudeadj.粗鲁的，无礼的rudelyadv.粗鲁地Ⅱ.短语默写1．turnup调大；出现2．awasteof(time/money...)浪费(时间/金钱……)3．can'twaittodosth迫不及待要做某事4．besupposedto理应/应该……5．incharge负责，掌管6．goout(灯)熄灭7．insteadof代替；而不是8．behardon对……苛刻，对……严厉9．nowthat既然；由于阅读清障act/ækt/n.(戏剧的)一幕thanexpected比预料中的，比预期的此处thanexpected是thantheyareexpected的省略。curtain/'kɜːtn/n.窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布enterv．进入，进来※It＋be＋adj.＋todosth句式中，it作形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。can'twaittodosth迫不及待地做某事※过去分词短语followedbyabigdog在句中作伴随状语，句子的主语Eric与follow之间是被动关系。※现在分词短语walkingveryslowly在句中作定语，修饰dog。lookaround环顾……四周，向……四周看frightened/'fraɪtnd/adj.受惊的；害怕的frightenvt.使惊恐，吓唬frighteningadj.令人害怕的besupposedto应该……，应当……not...until直到……才bend/bend/vi.弯腰，屈身vt.(使)弯曲bend的过去式和过去分词都是bent。starve/stɑːv/vi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(starvetodeath饿死starvefor渴望，极需要))cash/kæʃ/n.现金※weleft是省略作宾语的关系代词that的定语从句，修饰cash。garbage/'gɑːbɪdʒ/n.〈美〉(生活)垃圾explainv．解释，说明explain作及物动词时不能接双宾语。[误]explainsbsth[正]explainsthtosbinamess一团糟pizza/'piːtsə/n.比萨饼，意大利饼sink/sɪŋk/n.水池，水槽，洗碗池vi.(sank，sunk)下沉，沉没with...inthesink是with复合结构，此处为“with＋n.＋介词短语”。garbagecan〈美〉垃圾桶※aroundwhicharepiecesofgarbageandwastepaper是“介词around＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，修饰agarbagecan。adult/'ædʌlt/n.成年人※whowouldmakegooddecisions是关系代词who引导的定语从句，修饰aperson，who在从句中作主语。makegooddecisions做出好的决定tolerate/'tɒləreɪt/vt.容忍；允许behavior/bɪ'heɪvjə(r)/n.行为，举止behavevi.&vt.表现，行为，举止shoutatsb冲某人大声喊叫(不礼貌)shouttosb冲某人大声喊叫(距离远)teenager/'tiːneɪdʒə(r)/n.(13～19岁的)青少年※aslightsgoout是as引导的时间状语从句，as意为“当……时”。goout(灯、火等)熄灭(不及物动词短语)putout扑灭(及物动词短语)※DanielandEric'sbedroom丹尼尔和埃里克的卧室(两人共有的东西只在第二个人后面加–'s)havearmscrossed双臂交叉havesthdone使某事被做upset/ʌp'set/adj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望beupsetabout对……感到失望emergency/ɪ'mзːdʒənsɪ/n.突发事件；紧急情况madadj.生气的(不用于名词前)not...anymore不再……anyhow/'enɪhaʊ/adv.反正；尽管如此(＝anyway)explanation/ˌeksplə'neɪʃn/n.解释，说明clinic/'klɪnɪk/n.诊所※Thatiswhy...那是为什么……(why后接结果)Thatisbecause...那是因为……(because后接原因)insteadof代替，而不是behardon对……苛刻，对……严厉hard/hɑːd/adj.苛刻的，严厉的※whythehouseisamess是关系副词why引导的定语从句，修饰reason，why在从句中作原因状语。nowthat既然；由于rude/ruːd/adj.粗鲁的，无礼的berudetosb对某人粗鲁/无礼feellike想要(一般后跟名词、代词或动名词，有时也接从句)orconj.否则sigh/saɪ/vi.叹气原文呈现HomealoneActOneMomandDadarrivebackfromvacationadayearlierthanexpected.ThecurtainsareclosedandthelivingroomisdarkwhenMomandDadenter.Dad：It'ssonicetobehome!Mom：Yes，Ican'twaittosurprisetheboys!Suddenlythedooropensandasoccerballfliesthroughtheroom.Ericrunsinafterit，followedbyabigdog，walkingveryslowly.Eric：Mom!Dad!You'rebackearly!(lookingaroundroom,soundingfrightened)But,but...youweren'tsupposedtoehomeuntiltomorrow!ThedogslowlywalkstoMomandDad.Mom：(bendingtotouchdog)Eric，he'ssotiredandhungry！(lookingattable)Themoneyfordogfoodisgone,butSpotlookslikeheisstarving！Whatdidyoudowiththecashweleft?Dad：Andlookatthisroom—garbageallovertheplace!Whereisyourbrother?(shoutingangrily)Daniel!Daniel:(runningintoroom)Mom,Dad,Icanexplain...Dadopensthecurtainsandlightesintotheroom.Theroomisinamess,withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.Inthecorner,thereisagarbagecanaroundwhicharepiecesofgarbageandwastepaper.MomandDadbothturntowardsDaniel.Dad：(soundingveryangry)Listentome，youngman—weleftyouincharge！Wethoughtyoucouldactlikeanadult，butlookatthemess！Idon'tknowwhythehouseissodirty...Mom：Daniel，wethoughtyouwereanadult，apersonwhowouldmakegooddecisions...Dad：Howcanwetrustyouanymore？Wewon'ttoleratesuchbehaviorinourhouse!Daniel：(shouting)Stopshoutingatme.I'mstillateenager！Whyiseverythingalwaysmyfault?Danielrunsintohisbedroomandshutsthedoorangrily.MomandDadlookateachotheraslightsgoout.EndofActOneActTwo，SceneOneDanielandEric'sbedroom.Ericsitsonhisbed.Danielhashisarmscrossedandlooksupset.Daniel：Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefendmyself.Ihatethem!Eric：Youdon'thatethem.Icantellthemwehadanemergency.Thentheywon'tbemadanymore.Daniel：No，don'ttellthemanything.Anyhow，theydidn'ttrustme.Theydon'tdeserveanexplanation.Letthemthinkwhattheywant.Eric：ButDaniel，iftheyknewthatSpotwassickandthatweusedthemoneytotakehimtotheclinic...Daniel：Andthatwespentallofyesterdaywaitingthereforhim，andthatiswhywehadnotimetocleanthehouse...butno，Eric，whydidn'ttheyaskmewhathappenedinsteadofshoutingatme?ActTwo，SceneTwoMom：DoyouthinkweweretoohardonDaniel？Perhapsthereisareasonwhythehouseisamess...Dad：Maybe，butnowthathehasbeensorudetous，Ifeellikewehavetopunishhimorhewon'trespectus.Mom：Oh，whydoesthishavetobesodifficult?Momsighs.EndofActTwo课文译文小鬼当家第一幕妈妈和爸爸外出度假，比预期的时间提前一天返回家中。妈妈和爸爸进门时，窗帘紧闭，起居室里黑咕隆咚的。爸爸：回家的感觉真好啊！妈妈：是啊，我迫不及待地要给儿子们—个惊喜呢！突然，门开了，一只足球飞了进来。埃里克随后跑进起居室，身后跟着一条大狗，走路慢吞吞的。埃里克：妈妈！爸爸！你们这么早就回来了呀！(四下打量房间，听起来很惊慌)可是、可是……你们应该明天才到家的呀！狗缓缓地走到妈妈和爸爸身边。妈妈：(俯身抚摸着狗)埃里克，狗怎么又累又饿的啊！(看了看桌子)买狗粮的钱不见了，可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了！你俩用我们留下的钱做什么了？爸爸：还有，看看这起居室——垃圾满地都是！你哥哥在哪儿？(生气地喊)丹尼尔！丹尼尔：(跑进起居室)妈妈，爸爸，我可以跟你们解释……爸爸拉开窗帘，光线一下子照进屋里。起居室里一片狼藉：地板上堆放着比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里全是脏碗碟。角落里有个垃圾桶，在其周围是垃圾和废纸。妈妈和爸爸同时转向丹尼尔。爸爸：(非常生气地)听我说，年轻人——我们将这个家交给你负责！我们原以为你的行为举止能像个大人了，可看看这片狼藉！我不知道为什么房子弄得这么脏……妈妈：丹尼尔，我们还以为你是成年人了，是一个会做出正确决定的人……爸爸：我们怎么能再信任你？在我们家里可不能容忍这种行为！丹尼尔：(叫喊着)别对我大喊大叫。我还只是个少年！为什么什么事总是我的过错？丹尼尔冲进自己的卧室，愤怒地关上房门。妈妈和爸爸面面相觑，灯光灭。第一幕完第二幕，第一场丹尼尔和埃里克的卧室。埃里克坐在床上。丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。丹尼尔：他们压根儿就不给我辩解的机会。我讨厌他们！埃里克：你可不要讨厌他们。我可以告诉他们我们发生了紧急情况。解释之后他们就不会再生气了。丹尼尔：别，什么都不用跟他们说。不管怎样，他们不信任我。他们不配得到解释。他们愿意怎么想就让他们怎么想好了。埃里克：可是丹尼尔，如果他们知道小斑点生病了，我们用那笔钱带小斑点去了诊所……丹尼尔：还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整天，正因为如此，我们才没有时间打扫房子……可是，不，埃里克，为什么他们不问问我到底发生了什么事就对我大喊大叫呢？第二幕，第二场妈妈：你觉得我们刚才对丹尼尔是不是太苛刻了呢？有可能家里一团糟是有原因的……爸爸：也许吧，可是既然他对我们那么粗鲁无礼，那我觉得我们有必要教训教训他，要不然他不会尊重我们的。妈妈：哎，为什么非得这么麻烦啊？妈妈叹了口气。第二幕完Ⅰ.阅读课文，选出最佳答案1．Thispassageismainlyabout________.A．whatMomandDaddidaftertheyreturnedfromvacationB．whatDanielandEricdidathomeC．thereasonwhythedogwastiredandhungryD．abigquarrelanAmericanfamilyhad答案D2．MomandDadleftDanielinchargeathomebecause________.A．hewasanadultB．hewastheyoungestC．theylikedhimverymuchD．theythoughthecouldtakegoodcareofeverythingwhiletheywereaway答案D3．WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Thechildrenwereveryexcitedwhentheirparentscamebackadayearlierthanexpected.B．Thechildrendidn'tusethemoneyforthemselves.C．Danielwasleftinchargeathomewhiletheirparentswereaway.D．Ericwantedtotellhisparentswhathadhappened,butDanielsaidtheydidn'tneedto.答案A4．Themainreasonfortheirquarrelisthat________.A．DanielwastoorudeB．Ericdidn'ttellhisparentswhathadhappenedC．theparentsblamedDanielwithoutgivinghimachancetoexplainD．DanielandEricdidn'tbehavewellathome答案C5．Whatdidtheboysdowiththemoneywhenthecoupleleft?A．Theylostit.B．Theyboughtsomefoodtoeatwithit.C．Theysentthedogtothehospitalwithit.D．Theyhadapartywithit.答案CⅡ.细读课文，完成表格，每空一词ActOneParents'reactionMomandDadareveryhappytoreturnhomefrom1.vacation/holiday,_butMomispuzzledwhenshefindstheirdogis2.tiredandhungryandthatthemoneytheylefttobuydogfoodisgone.Dadgetsangrywhenheseestheroomisinamessand3.shoutsatDanielbecausethey4.lefthimincharge.Children'sreactionEricseemsalittle5.frightenedatseeingtheirparentsbackhome.Danielgetsangryandrunsintohisroom,6.shuttingthedoor.ActTwoChildren'stalkEricwantstotelltheirparentswhathappened,butDanielsaystheydon't7.deservetoknowthetruththattheyusedthemoneytotakeSpottotheclinicandweretoo8.busytocleanthehouse.Parents'attitudesMomthinkstheymighthavebeentoo9.hardonDaniel.ButDadsaysthatDanielhasbeensorudetothemandthatiftheydon't10.punishhim,hewon'trespectthem.Ⅲ.难句分析1．Daniel，wethoughtyouwereanadult，apersonwhowouldmakegooddecisions...句式分析：自主翻译：丹尼尔，我们还以为你是成年人了，是一个会作出正确决定的人……2．Andthatwespentallofyesterdaywaitingthereforhim，andthatiswhywehadnotimetocleanthehouse...句式分析：句中第一个that是承接上文Eric的话中“iftheyknew”的，是宾语从句，spend...doingspend...doing结构；第二个that指代前面所述的情况，why引导的是表语从句，其中不定式tocleanthehouse作time的定语。自主翻译：还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整天等小斑点，正因为如此，我们才没有时间打扫房子……1．frightenedadj.受惊的；害怕的[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Mom！Dad！You'rebackearly！(lookingaroundroom，soundingfrightened)妈妈！爸爸！你们这么早就回来了呀！(四下打量，惊慌地)(2)Iwasfrightenedtolookdownfromthetopofthetallbuilding.从高楼顶上往下看，我感到害怕。(3)Thedogfrightenedthebirdaway.狗把鸟吓飞了。[归纳拓展](1)befrightenedeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(ofdoingsth害怕做某事,todosth吓得不敢做某事,that...害怕……))befrightenedtodeath吓死(2)frightenvt.使害怕，使恐惧(3)frighteningadj.令人害怕的[即时跟踪](1)他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.(2)—Whydoyouhavea________look?—Becauseyoualmost________meoutoflifebyyour________mask.A．frightening；frightened；frighteningB．frightened；frightening；frightenedC．frightening；frightening；frightenedD．frightened；frightened；frightening答案D解析句意：“你的表情为什么如此惊恐？”“因为你戴着吓人的面具，差点把我吓死。”第一个空用frightened修饰人的表情；第二个空为谓语动词，由语境可知应用一般过去时态，故用frightened；第三个空修饰面具，用frightening，故D项正确。2．starvevi.&vt.饿死；挨饿；渴望；使挨饿[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Themoneyfordogfoodisgone，butSpotlookslikeheisstarving!买狗粮的钱不见了，可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了！(2)Manychildrenstarveforloveandknowledge.许多儿童渴望得到爱和知识。(3)Theygotlostinthedesertandstarvedtodeath.他们在沙漠中迷了路，饥饿而死。[归纳拓展](1)starvesbinto(doing)sth迫使某人做某事starvefor渴望；急需starvetodeath饿死(2)starvingadj.饥饿的(3)starvationn．饥饿，挨饿；饿死dieofstarvation死于饥饿[即时跟踪](1)Theytriedtostarvehiminto(迫使他)submission.(2)Where'sfood?I'mstarving(我快饿死了)．(3)Youthrowawaythefoodyoudon'tliketoeat，whileinsomeAfricancountries，someofthechildren________todeatheveryday.A．sentence B．serveC．starve D．kill答案C解析句意：你不喜欢吃的东西就扔掉了，而在一些非洲国家，每天都会有一些孩子饿死。starvetodeath饿死，是固定搭配，符合题意。sentence判刑；serve服务，服役；kill杀死。3．actn．行为，行动；作为；(议会通过的)法案，法令；(戏剧的)一幕vt.扮演……的角色；充当，起作用；行动[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Wethoughtyoucouldactlikeanadult...我们还以为你能像个大人那样负起责任来呢……(2)Doesthedrugtakelongtoactonthepain?这药要很久才能发挥药效止痛吗？(3)Hedidn'tactontheadviceofhislawyer.他没有按律师的意见行事。[归纳拓展]acton/upon对……起作用；奉行actagainst违反actas充当actfor代表……(的利益)；为……(的利益)[即时跟踪]用适当的介、副词填空(1)Actingonafriend'sadvice，Iboughtanewcar.(2)TodayI'mactingformymanager，whoisonbusiness.(3)Theoldmanactedasourguideonourway.(4)Studentsshouldnotactagainsttheirownvalues.4．toleratevt.容忍；允许[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Wewon'ttoleratesuchbehaviorinourhouse!在我们家里可不能容忍这种行为！(2)Thegovernmenttoleratessmokinganddrinkingbutnottakingdrugs.政府允许(人们)抽烟喝酒，但不允许他们吸毒。(3)Betoleranttowardsothers'flawsbywayoflove.以爱的方式看待别人的缺陷。[归纳拓展](1)toleratedoingsth忍受做某事(2)tolerantadj.忍受的，忍让的betoleranttowardssth/sb对……容忍/宽容[即时跟踪](1)我再也不能容忍你无礼的行为了。Ican'ttolerateyourbadmannersanylonger.(2)学校不允许在考试中作弊。Theschoolcannottoleratecheatinginexams.(3)Wecan'thismistakes，whichweremadebecausehewastoocarelesswithhiswork.A．overe B．understandC．tolerate D．recognize答案C解析句意：我们不能容忍他工作中因为粗心所犯下的错误。overe克服；understand理解；tolerate容忍；recognize意识到。根据题意应选C。5．behaviorn．行为，举止[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Wewon'ttoleratesuchbehaviorinourhouse!在我们家里可不能容忍这种行为！(2)Herfather'sbehaviortowardshimwasnotfriendly.她父亲对待他的态度是不友好的。(3)DidPeterbehavehimselfwhileIwasaway?我不在时，彼得守规矩吗？[归纳拓展](1)behaviortowards...对……的态度/行为beonone'sbestbehavior尽可能表现好，行为检点(2)behaven．表现；(机器等)运转；举止端庄behaveoneself举止有礼，表现得体[即时跟踪](1)Iwantyoubothtobeonyourbestbehavior(尽可能表现好)atyouruncle'shouse.(2)Whatwasyourbehaviortowards(对……的态度)yourteacher?(3)Oneofherachievementsishelpingusunderstand________chimps________likehumans.A．how；act B．whether；actC．howmuch；behave D．howmuch；approach答案C解析句意：她的一个成就是帮助我们理解黑猩猩是多么像人类。第一空填howmuch表示程度；第二空填behave表现，举动。故选C。6．faultn．过失，过错；缺点[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)Whyiseverythingalwaysmyfault?为什么所有事总是我的过错？(2)Iwasunhappyeverytimethecookfoundfaultwithmywork.每当厨师挑我工作上的毛病时我都很不高兴。(3)Hewasinfaultseveraltimesduringhisspeech.他在发言中出了几次错。[归纳拓展]findfault(with)挑剔，找(……的)茬，对……吹毛求疵infault有过错；有责任It'sone'sfaultthat...……是某人的过失[易混辨析]fault，mistake(1)fault多指人在道德上、习惯上、性格上等的弱点以及行为上的过失，强调对过失应负责任；也可指某物的功能方面的缺陷。(2)mistake指“错误，误会，误解”，多指因缺乏正确的理解而造成的行动上、认识上的错误。[即时跟踪](1)用fault，mistake填空①Hefindsnofaultwithmywork.②Tommusthavetakenyourdictionarybymistake.(2)她考试没及格，但那是她自己的错，她没做任何努力。Shefailedthetestbutitwasherownfault(那是她自己的错)；shedidn'tdoanywork.(3)Mybossisnotsatisfiedwithmeandisalwaysfinding________withme，inmywork，eveninmypersonallife，justeverywhere.A．error B．mistakeC．fault D．challenge答案C解析句意：我的老板对我不满意，总是在工作上，甚至在个人生活上处处找我的毛病。findfaultwithsb挑某人的毛病。故选C。7．defendv．辩解，辩白；防御，保护，保卫[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)Theyneverevengavemeachancetodefendmyself.他们压根儿就不给我一个辩解的机会。(2)Theydefendedverywellinthegame.在那场比赛中他们防守得很好。(3)Thebravemotherdefendedhersonfromthemaddog.勇敢的母亲保护儿子使他免遭疯狗的袭击。(4)Thetroopsweretheretoprotectthetownspeople.部队驻扎在那里以保护镇民。[归纳拓展](1)defendsbfrom/against...使某人免受……defendoneself自卫(2)indefenceof为了保卫……，为……辩护[易混辨析]defend,protect(1)defend指用武力或其他措施保护某人/某物在面临危险时不受损害。(2)protect指利用各种安全防御措施，尽力照顾某人/某物，以使其不受损害。[即时跟踪](1)那条狗向我扑来时我用棍子自卫。Idefendedmyselfwithastickwhenthedogcameatme.(2)我得为她说句话，她对此事一无所知。Ihavetosayindefenceofherthatsheknewnothingaboutit.(3)Propertyinsurance(财产保险)helpsyouto________againstnaturaldisasters(自然灾害)，infrontofwhichhumansappeartoosmall.A．prevent B．defendC．protect D．shelter答案B解析句意：财产保险帮助人们抵抗自然灾害，在自然灾害面前人类显得如此渺小。prevent防止，阻止；defend防护，defendagainst保卫，抵抗；protect保护；shelter为……遮盖。由句意可知B项正确。8．deservevt.值得；应得；应受[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)Theydon'tdeserveanexplanation.他们不配得到解释。(2)Youhavebeenworkingallmorningsoyoudeservearest.你已经工作了一上午应该休息一下。(3)Yoursuggestiondeservesconsidering/consideration/tobeconsidered.你的建议值得考虑。[归纳拓展]deserveeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al(sth值得某事,todosth值得做某事,doingsth＝sthdeservetobedone值得做某事)))注意：deserve后接动名词时，其主动形式表示被动意义。有类似用法的词语还有want，need，require，beworth等。[即时跟踪](1)他所做的应该受到惩罚。Whathediddeservedpunishment/punishing/tobepunished.(2)Thedriverswhodriveaftertheygetdrunk______tobelockedupforhalfamonth.A．demand B．dependC．deserve D．declare答案C解析句意：酒后驾车的司机应该受到半个月的监禁。demand要求；depend依靠，依赖；deserve应受，值得；declare宣布。1．turnup开大，调高(音量、热量)[语境感悟](1)(教材P21)Doyouhavetoturnupyourmusicsoloud?你非得把音乐开这么大吗？(2)Hesuddenlyturnedupatthemeeting.他突然出现在会场上。(3)Pleaseturndowntheradiobecausethebabyissleeping.请把收音机音量调小一点，因为这个婴儿在睡觉。[归纳拓展]turnup开大，调高(音量、热量等)；到达，来到；出现，露面；(物)突然出现；找到，发现turndown关小；减少；拒绝，驳回turnaround转身turnaway转过身去；拒绝进入turnback往回走，折回turnin上交；归还turnto向……求助turnover移交[即时跟踪](1)写出下列句子中turnup的汉语意思①Ican'thearthemusicclearly.Pleaseturnuptherecorder.放大音量②Themeetingbegan，butSteventurneduplateagain.到达，来到③Don'tworry.I'msureajobwillturnupsoon.不期而至，突然出现④Thepolicehaven'tturnedupanynewevidence.发现(2)—Howdidyouruleoutthepossibilityofthecandidate'sapplication________？—Fromhisjobinterview.Itwasexcellent!A．wouldbeturneddown B．wastakendownC．putdown D．beingturneddown答案D解析句意：“你是怎么排除该申请人的申请被拒绝的可能性的？”“根据他的面试，表现得非常优秀。”句中已有谓语ruleout而无其他连词，故用非谓语动词，application与turndown为被动关系，故用现在分词的被动式作后置定语。2．can'twaittodo迫不及待做某事[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Yes,Ican'twaittosurprisetheboys!是啊，我迫不及待地要给儿子们一个惊喜呢！(2)Ican'thelplaughingeverytimeIthinkofthat.每次一想起那件事，我就会忍不住笑起来。(3)Wecan'twaitfortheingvacation.我们迫不及待地等着即将到来的假期。[归纳拓展]can't/couldn't/canhardlywaittodosth迫不及待做某事can'thelpdoingsth忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth不得不做某事can'tchoosebutdosth不得不做某事can'twaitforsth迫不及待地等待某事物[即时跟踪](1)他迫不及待地想见到考试成绩。Hecouldn'twaittoseetheresultoftheexam.(2)ChristmasDayisdrawingnearandthechildren________receivegifts.A．can'twaitfor B．arehopingforC．can'twaitto D．arewishingfor答案C解析句意：圣诞节临近了，孩子们迫不及待地想收到礼物。can'twaittodosth迫不及待地干某事。故选C。3．besupposedto(表示按照义务、规则、法律或约定等)理应，应该[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)But,but...youweren'tsupposedtoehomeuntiltomorrow!可是，可是……你们应该明天才到家的呀！(2)Youweresupposedtofinishyourhomeworkontime.你理应按时完成作业的。(3)Whatdoyousupposetheyaregoingtodo?你认为他们将要做什么？[归纳拓展]was/weresupposedtodo常用来表示“本应该(发生而实际上并未发生)”doyousuppose你认为……，常在特殊疑问句中作插入语[即时跟踪](1)运动会本应周二召开，但由于糟糕的天气我们不得不推迟。Thesportsmeetingwassupposedtotakeplace/wassupposedtohavetakenplaceonTuesday,butwehadtopostponeitduetothebadweather.(2)—WhatisGeorgedoingnow?Ican'tseehimintheroom.—Heissupposed________hiscar.A．towash B．washingC．tobewashing D．beingwashed答案C解析句意：“George在干吗？我在房间里没找到他。”“他应该在洗车。”besupposedtodosth应该干某事，besupposedtobedoingsth应该正在干某事，不定式的进行时表示动作正在进行。故选C。4．dowith处理，处置[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Whatdidyoudowiththecashweleft?你们俩用我们留给你们的钱做什么了？(2)Icandowithoutyouradvice，thankyou.谢谢你，我不需要你的劝告。(3)Whatwillyoudowithapersonwhofallsoffabikeandgetsseriouslyinjured?＝Howwillyoudealwithapersonwhofallsoffabikeandgetsseriouslyinjured?你会怎样对待一个从自行车上摔倒并严重受伤的人？[归纳拓展]dowithout...没有……也行[易混辨析]dowith，dealwith(1)dowith多与疑问词what连用。(2)dealwith多与疑问词how连用。[即时跟踪](1)一句多译我们该怎样处置这个顽皮的男孩？①Whatarewetodowiththisnaughtyboy?②Howarewetodealwiththisnaughtyboy?(2)我是不是得改掉我的坏习惯？DoIhavetodoawaywithmybadhabit?(3)Howwouldyou________anarmedburglar?A．dealwith B．dowithC．carefor D．payfor答案A解析dowith多与疑问词what连用；dealwith多与疑问词how连用。故选A。5．betoohardon对……太严厉[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)DoyouthinkweweretoohardonDaniel?你觉得我们刚才对丹尼尔是不是太苛刻了呢？(2)Theteacherlookedatherstudentswithhardeyes.老师用严厉的目光看着学生们。(3)Theywerealwaysverystrictwiththeirchildren.他们对子女一向十分严格。[归纳拓展]behardon对……苛刻，对……严厉hardadj.冷酷无情的，苛刻的；可靠的；坚固的；艰苦的，辛苦的；难做的；硬的bestrictwith对……严格(人)bestrictin对……严格(物)becruelto对……残酷bekindto对……友好[即时跟踪](1)那家公司的老板对他的员工很苛刻。Thepany'sbosswasveryhardonhisworkers.(2)Don'tbetooonme，thoughI________tohavearrivedearlier.Therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A．hard；amsupposed B．strict；supposeC．serious；wassupposed D．difficult；amsupposing答案A解析句意：别对我太苛刻，尽管我该早点到的，但我的自行车坏了。behardonsb/bestrictwithsb/beseriouswithsb对某人要求严格。besupposedtodosth应该干某事。故选A。1．状语从句的省略[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)MomandDadarrivebackfromvacationadayearlierthanexpected.妈妈和爸爸外出度假，比预期的时间提前一天返回家中。(2)If(itis)true,thiswillcauseusalotoftrouble.如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。(3)Theoldmansatatthecorneralone，asif(hewas)thinkingofsomething.老人独自坐在角落处，好像思考着什么。(4)Heisalwaysreadytohelpotherswherever(heis)needed.不管哪儿需要他，他总是乐意帮助别人。[归纳拓展](1)教材原句中的thanexpected为状语从句的省略，其完整的表达是：...thantheyareexpected(2)状语从句的省略：主从句主语一致，或者从句主语为it，通常情况下从句中含有be动词，在这样的条件下就可以省去从句的主语或it与be动词[即时跟踪]把下列句子中的画线部分补充完整(1)Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise，ifcarriedoutregularly，canimproveourhealth.(iftheyarecarriedoutregularly)(2)Everyeveningafterdinner，ifnottiredfromwork，Iwillspendsometimewalkingmydog.(ifIamnottiredfromwork)(3)SomeofyoumayhavefinishedUnitOne.If_so，youcangoontoUnitTwo.(If_it_is_so)2．过去分词短语作状语[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Ericrunsinafterit，followedbyabigdog，walkingveryslowly.埃里克随后跑进起居室，身后跟着一条大狗，走路慢吞吞的。(2)Shesatnervouslyinthegrandsittingroom，watchedcloselybythebutler.她紧张地坐在大客厅，被男管家紧紧地盯着。(3)Iknowamanworkinginthatfactory.我认识一个在那家工厂干活的人。(4)Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。[归纳拓展](1)教材原句中的过去分词短语followedbyabigdog是谓语runsin的伴随状语，而现在分词短语walkingveryslowly作方式状语，描述的是大狗跟随埃里克进来的行走方式，是动词follow的状语(2)现在分词和过去分词还可以作定语。现在分词作定语表示它和被修饰词之间的关系是主动的；过去分词作定语表示它和被修饰词之间的关系是被动的[即时跟踪](1)他父亲去世了，留给他许多钱。Hisfatherdiedleavinghimalotofmoney.(2)ProfessorWangenteredtheclassroom，____agroupofstudents.A．followingwith B．followedwithC．followedby D．followingby答案C解析句意：王教授走进了教室，后面跟着一群学生。ProfessorWang与follow是逻辑上的动宾关系。故选C。3．with的复合结构[语境感悟](1)(教材P22)Theroomisinamess，withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink.房间里一片狼藉：地板上堆放着比萨饼盒子，洗碗池里全是脏碗碟。(2)Withnoonetotalkto,hefeltbored.没有可说话的人，他感到很无聊。(with＋名词＋动词不定式)(3)Shediedwithhersonyetaschoolboy.她去世的时候，她儿子还是个小学生。(with＋名词＋名词)(4)Hefellasleepwithallthewindowsclosed.他睡着了，所有的窗户都关着。(with＋名词＋形容词)[归纳拓展](1)教材原句中的withpizzaboxesontheflooranddirtydishesinthesink为with的复合结构，在句中作伴随状语(2)“with＋复合宾语”，在句中可作伴随、方式、原因状语等。常见结构如下：with＋宾语(名词/代词)＋宾补eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(doing/done,adj.,介词短语,adv.,todo,n.))[即时跟踪](1)我父亲喜欢开着窗户睡觉。Myfatherlikestosleepwiththewindowopen.(2)有导游给我们带路，我们毫不费力地走出了森林。Withtheguideleadingtheway，wegotoutoftheforestwithoutanydifficulty.(3)他站在那里，双手插在口袋里。Hestoodtherewithhishandsinhispockets.(4)Withalotofdifficultproblems________，thenewly–electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A．solved B．solvingC．tosolve D．beingsolved答案C解析句意：有很多困难的问题有待解决，新当选的总统日子不好过。在“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语是不定式，不定式所表示的动作将要发生，且句子的主语是该动作逻辑上的执行者，此时不定式需用主动式。故选C。4．havesthdone[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)Danielhashisarmscrossedandlooksupset.丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。(2)Don'thavethebabycrying!Soyou'dbetterhaveyourcarrunningslowly.不要让婴儿啼哭！所以你最好把车子开慢点。(3)Theteacherhasusdoourhomeworkeveryday.老师让我们每天做家庭作业。[归纳拓展]教材原句中的has与looks为并列谓语；hashisarmscrossed是havesthdone结构，表示“使某事被做”[易混辨析]havesthdone，havesbdosth,havesb/sthdoing,havesthtodo(1)havesthdone意为“让/叫/使别人做某事”或表示主语的遭遇、经历。宾语sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词所表示的动作之间是被动关系。(2)havesbdosth意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。同义短语还有make/letsbdosth，getsbtodosth等。(3)havesb/sthdoing意为“叫/让/使某人一直做某事或让某种情况一直发生”，宾语与现在分词所表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。(4)havesthtodo意为“有某事要做”，have不是使役动词，而是“有”的意思，不定式todo充当sth的定语。[即时跟踪](1)昨天夜里她的自行车被偷了。Shehad/gotherbikestolenlastnight.(2)今晚我们有很多作业要做。Wehavemuchhomeworktodotonight.(3)ThisisthewatchIwantto________.A．haveitrepaired B．haverepairedC．haverepair D．havetorepair答案B解析句意：这就是我想要修的那块表。Iwantto________是定语从句，thewatch在从句中作have的宾语，同时与repair构成逻辑上的动宾关系。故选B。5．nowthat...[语境感悟](1)(教材P23)Maybe,butnowthathehasbeensorudetous,Ifeellikewehavetopunishhimorhewon'trespectus.或许吧，但是既然他对我们这么无礼，我觉得有必要惩罚他一下，否则，他会不尊重我们的。(2)Sinceeveryoneishere，let'sgetstarted.既然大家都来了，咱们开始吧。[归