2026版创新设计高考总复习英语(外研版)课时作业-Unit 3　Times change

Unit3Timeschange!Ⅰ.阅读理解(2025·陕西省宝鸡市高三三模)Ashadowyfiguresitsaloneinaroom,hisfacedimlylitbyacomputerscreen.Withagrin,hetypesinaseriesofcomputercommands,andintheblinkofaneye,someone’sbankaccountisdrainedtozero.Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.However,notallhackersarevillains.Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethicalhackers,areindividualswhomakethemostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities(漏洞)inhardware,softwareandnetworks.Theirjobiscrucialinpreventingcyberattacksandsafeguardingsensitiveinformation.Theterm“whitehat”originatedfromoldcowboymovies,whereheroesworewhitehatsandvillainsworeblackones.Liketheheroesincowboymovies,whitehatsseektostopthebadguysandsavetheday.Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-sourcesoftwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.Oncetheseweakspotsareidentified,companiesorindividualscantakestepstopreventseriousbreachesandlosses.Whitehathackersuseavarietyofdifferenttechniquestokeeptheinternetsafe.Penetrationtesting,forexample,allowsthemtomimiccyberattacksanduncoversystemweaknesses.Securityscanningtoolsallowwhitehatstoidentifyholesinanetwork’ssecuritysystems.Simulatingdenial-of-serviceattacks(DoSattacks)helpscompaniesprepareforattacksagainsttheirwebsites.Manyoftheworld’stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.Thisnotorioushackeronceheldthetitleof“mostwantedhacker”intheU.S.duetohiscybercriminalactivitiesin1995.However,afterbeingarrestedandspendingfiveyearsinjail,hislifetookaremarkableturn.Mitnickdecidedtousehishackingskillsforethicalpurposes,eventuallyestablishinghisowncybersecurityconsultingcompany.Ifyouaspiretobeawhitehathacker,startbybuildingastrongfoundationincomputerandnetworkfundamentals.Goodluck,computercowboy!1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“villains”inParagraph2mean?A.Evil-doers. B.Heroes.C.Attackers. D.Victims.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutwhitehathackers?A.Theywearwhitehatsincowboymovies.B.Theydoeverythingtosafeguardpeople’sinformation.C.Theylegallyusetheirprofessionalskillstohelppeople.D.Theyfindvulnerabilitiesforpersonalgainwithoutdoingharm.3.Peopleskilledincomputerandnetworkcan’tbetopwhitehathackersunless.

A.theyobeythelawB.theyidentifysecurityweakpointsC.theytakemeasurestostopseriouslossesD.theybuildtheirowncybersecurityconsultingcompanies4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toteachushowtostaysecureonline.B.Totellushowtobetopwhitehackers.C.Towarnusofthedangersofcyberattacks.D.Tointroducedefendersofthedigitalworld.(2025·宣城高三二模)Julywasthehottestmonthonrecordglobally.HightemperaturesandseriouswildfireshavesweptacrosstheNorthernHemisphere.Oceanicheatwavesaredamagingtheworld’sthird-largestcoralreefoffFlorida.Andasthelevelsofgreenhousegasescontinuetoincrease,itmeansmanyevenhottersummerslieahead.Lastweek,theUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterrescoinedanewterm.Thetimeof“globalwarming”hasended,heannounced,andthetimeof“globalboiling”hasarrived.Butcriticshavestronglydisagreedwiththephrase.Atonelevel,“globalboiling”isclearlyanoverstatement,but“globalwarming”isnowfartooweakadescription.Manyclimatescientistshavepushedfortheterm“globalheating”tobeusedinpreference.Similarly,phrasessuchas“climatecrisis”haven’treceivedenoughattention.That’sbecausemanyofusstillfeelwehaven’tseenthiscrisiswithourowneyes.Butthatischanging.Inthepastfewyears,extremeweatherandrelevanteventshavestruckmanycountries.Australia’sBlackSummerbroughtwildfiresthatburnedanareathesizeoftheUnitedKingdom.Germanysufferedseriousfloodingin2021.The2022floodinPakistanfloodedlargepartsofthecountry.Chinahasseenbothdroughtsandfloods.TerribledroughtshavehittheHornofAfricaformanyyears.Indiahasstoppedriceexportsduetodamagefromheavyrain.Criticsofclimateactionoftencomplainaboutwhattheyseeastheoveruseof“crisistalk”.Ifeverythingisacrisis,nothingisacrisis.WhenGuterresusesdeeplyimpactfulphrases,he’snotinvitingustoimagineaHollywood-styledisaster.Whathe’shopingistomakepeoplelistenandact—nowwecanseewhatclimatechangelookslike.Aretherebetterphrasestodescribethis?Possibly.Takethechallengeyourself:canyouthinkupabrief,correctphrasetocoverworseninglocal-and-regional-scaledroughts,fires,typhoonsandfloods;damagetocropsandfoodsafety;watershortages;existentialthreatstocoralreefsandlow-lyingcommunities?Youcanseehowharditis.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“coined”inparagraph2mean?A.Explained. B.Invented.C.Valued. D.Accepted.6.Whatdocriticsthinkoftheterm“globalboiling”?A.Itisoverused.B.Itisexaggerated.C.Itislackinginenoughattention.D.Itistooweaktodescribetheproblem.7.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Climatecrisesareworsening.B.Severalcriseswillbesolved.C.Peoplewillfacefoodshortages.D.Peoplearetakingeffectivemeasures.8.WhatisGuterres’shopeinusingdeeplyimpactfulphrases?A.Toscarepeopleintotakingimmediateaction.B.ToentertainreaderswithHollywood-stylestories.C.Toprovideamoreaccuratedescriptionofglobalwarming.D.Tomakepeopleawareoftheseverityoftheclimatecrisis.Ⅱ.完形填空IpassedmytestwhenIwas19,andI’vebeenbehindthewheelformostjourneyssince.Afterbecominga1eightyearsago,Ibecamemoredependentonmycar,thinkingthatitmeantsecurityformeandmychild.Icouldn’t2aworldwhereIdidn’tgetaroundonfourwheels,butthatall3whenItriedgoingcar-free.

Earlierthisyear,I4forachallengeposedbytheclimatecharitytoseewhatitwouldbelikewithoutmycarforthreeweeks.I5anelectricfamilybike.Straightaway,Ienjoyedhavingabreakfromdriving,especiallyonthe6run.Whatwasonceanunpredictabletriptomydaughter’sschooloftenstuckintrafficwasnowa7ridealongthecanal.Andmydaughterlovedeverymomentofit,whichgavemethe8toknowthatweweredoingtherightthing.

Givingupmycardidn’tcomewithoutits9.Iworkinagrocery,andalthoughthereare10carparkingspace,thereisn’tenoughbikeparkingspaceto11mybikesecurely.Onbalance,thebenefitsoutweighedthedisadvantages.Ifeltmyselfgetting12becauseIwasgettingexerciseduringmycommute(通勤的路程).Isavedabitofmoneyeveryweekjustlikeotherparticipantsinthis13.

Iwassurprisedbyhow14itwastogiveupthecarandgetaroundonmybike.I15tothinkitwasmydutyasaparenttobeadriver.Nowit’smydutytogetonmybikewheneverIcan.

1.A.driver B.shopkeeperC.student D.parent2.A.imagine B.enterC.create D.explore3.A.happened B.workedC.changed D.mattered4.A.headedoff B.signedupC.calmeddown D.checkedup5.A.switched B.boughtC.transformed D.donated6.A.school B.groceryC.family D.office7.A.wild B.dangerousC.fun D.busy8.A.reason B.hopeC.lesson D.fuel9.A.shortcomings B.doubtsC.requirements D.rewards10.A.permanent B.sufficientC.few D.free11.A.clean B.rideC.lock D.repair12.A.smarter B.richerC.luckier D.fitter13.A.stay B.researchC.trial D.conference14.A.pleasant B.awkwardC.precious D.anxious15.A.failed B.usedC.started D.continuedⅢ.语法填空ChinaisknownasXiaforitsgrandetiquette(礼仪)culture,andknownasHuaforitsbeautifulattire(衣裳).Withthe1.(change)insociety,economicdevelopment,andculturaldevelopment,clothinghasevolvedoverthousandsofyears.However,whiletheformsmayhavebeenchanged,theessence(本质)2.(remain)constant.

“InancientChina,emperorslikeHuangdi,Yao,andShunbroughtpeacetotheworldthroughtheirclothing.”Clothingholds3.significantplaceinChineseculture.Itisnotonlyusedfordailywear4.(cover)thebodyandprotectitfromcoldbutalso,asaninstrumentofmanagement.InancientChinesesociety,therewerestrictrulesanddresscodesaboutclothing.Thepresenceofclothingdistinguishedcivilization5.barbarism(野蛮),whilechangesincolorandstyle6.(gradual)developedintoaformofetiquette.Theirdesignconveyedbehavioralnormsand7.(they)patternswererichinculturalsignificance.Moreover,ancientattirewasalsoanimportantcarrierofmorality.Chinahasalwaysbeen