2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-综合模拟检测卷(十)

综合模拟检测卷(十)(满分：120分时间：100分钟)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWindyCityHarvestFarmToursVisitoneoftheWindyCityHarvestfarmsitesandlearnmoreaboutourprogram.Weofferdifferenttourswhichincludeinformationabouttheprogramhistory,job­trainingmission,andgrowingpractices.Allprofitsfromthetourfeeshelpfundtheeducationofthecity.SITENorthLawndaleFarmThisfarmsiteislocatedonthewestsideofChicagoona1/5­acre(英亩)lot.Ithasbeenatrainingsitesinceourprogrammewaslaunchedin2003.Currentlythisspacecanserveupto20peopleatatime.McCormickPlaceFarmItisa3/5­acrerooftopfarmatMcCormickPlaceWestincooperationwithSavorChicago,thefoodserviceteamforMcCormickPlace.ProducegrownontherooftopfarmisharvestedandthendelivereddirectlytoSavorChicago.This12­year­oldfarmisasought­aftertrainingsiteforWCHprogramparticipants.WashingtonParkFarmEstablishedin2012,WashingtonParkFarmisamajorjob­trainingcenter.LocatedontheeastofChicagoParkDistrict,this3/4­acresitehostsupto25participantsduringthegrowingseason.PRICETourPriceNonprofitandSchoolGroup$5perperson(startingat$50)PrivateGroup$10perperson(startingat$100)ADMISSIONReservationisrequired.ProvidepaymentintheformofcheckormoneyorderpayabletoWindyCityHarvestorincashuponyourarrivalatthetoursiteexceptWashingtonParkFarm.Forgroupsinterestedinvisitingtwoormorefarmsitesduringthetour,anadditionalfeewillapply.It'simportanttonotethattourgroupsshouldarrangefortheirowntransportation.1．WhatisspecialaboutMcCormickPlaceFarm？()A．Itisthesmallestfarm.B．Ithasthelongesthistory.C．Itisonthetopofabuilding.D．Itprovidescoursesforjobseekers.2．Howmuchwillafamilyof7asagrouppayforatourofafarm？()A．$100.B．$75.C．$50.D．$35.3．Whatdoweknowabouttheadmission？()A．WashingtonParkFarmisfree.B．Bookinginadvanceisamust.C．Fourkindsofpaymentarementioned.D．Alowerpriceisofferedforthesecondsite.BSometimesoneplusonedoesequalthree,aswasthecasewhenMcNeed,abasketballcoach,metMandekich.WhenMandekich,amathteacher,toldMcNeedhowharditwastogetstudentsexcitedaboutmathatagathering,hesuggested，“Whynotthrowinsomethingtheyenjoy,likesports？”“Youarekidding！”Mandekichdismissedhisideaatthemoment.Theideaofmixingbasketballandmathematicsgotitsfirstshottwoyearslater,whenMandekichandMcNeed,thenowcolleagueswhohadlaunchedatutoringnon­profitwereinvitedtorunasummer­schoolprogramforkidswho'dfailedGrade9mathatVanierSchool.Whenthestudentsshowedupfortheirfirstday,theyweren'texactlythrilled.Overthenextfewhours,MandekichandMcNeedgavethekidstechniquestoimprovetheirshootingwhilealsohelpingthemcalculatetheirfield­goalpercentagewhich,inturn,taughtthemmathknowledge.Attheendofthegame,thewinningteamwasdeterminedbasedonwhichgrouphadthehighesttotalpercentageandhaddonethemostefficientmath.“Whenthebellrang,theyweresofocusedoncollectingtheirdataandfiguringoutwhichteamwonthattheydidn'tleave，”saysMandekich.Theclasses,laternamedBallMatics,soonspreadtootherschools.Later,McNeedandMandekichestablishedaprivateschoolcalledUchenna.Attheschool,kidswithexcellentbasketballskillsstudyallsubjects,trainattheirsportandworkpart­timehelpingoutwiththeBallMaticsafter­schoolprograms.Fortheschool'sfirstgraduates,thevalueofBallMaticsisclear：allofthe16boyslandeduniversityscholarshipsfortheirperformanceintheclassroom,notonthecourt.“Theschool'scommitmenttoacademicsisthekeyreasonforoursuccess.Thecoacheswouldbenchstudentswhodidn'tkeepupinclass.”Abbott,oneofthem,says，“AtUchenna,wewerestudentathletes,afterall,notathletestudents.”4．HowdidMcNeed'ssuggestionsoundtoMandekichatfirst？()A．Confusing.B．Absurd.C．Practical.D．Professional.5．Whydidotherschoolswelcometheclasses？()A．Theyimprovedstudents'efficiency.B．Theyimprovedstudents'shootingtechniques.C．Theyhelpedstudentslearnmathunknowingly.D．Theyguaranteedstudents'show­uppercentage.6．WhatcanbeinferredfromAbbott'swords？()A．Studentsgotbalanceddevelopment.B．Thecoachescaredlittleaboutstudents.C．Uchennaattractedmoreandmorestudents.D．Hedoubtedtheeducationideaoftheschool.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？()A．BigWinB．MathStrugglingC．NumbersGameD．AthleteTrainingCYearsago,IinterviewedJamesPatterson,anadvertisingmanager,aboutthelatestcampaign.Butallhewantedtotalkaboutwasfiction­writing.“Ihopetobeawriter.Itisalwaysinmyhead，”hesaid.Irememberthinking：Sure,youandeverybodyelse.Adecadeorsolater,however,IwassurprisedtoseeJamesonTV,holdinguphisnewbook.Mr.Patterson'sabilitytoseehimselfasawriterillustratesaconceptknownas“possibleselves”．Theterm,coinedin1986bythesocialpsychologistsHazelMarkusandPaulaNurius,grewoutofresearchonself­concept.Whileself­concepts—“Iamakindperson”or“Iamagoodparent”—arerootedinthepresent,theresearchersfoundpeoplearealsoinformedbyideasaboutwhattheymightbecomeandhowtheymightchange.Thesepossibleselves,bothpositiveandnegative,arecloselyrelatedtomotivation.Aviolinstudentwhoenvisionslifeasaprofessionalmusicianmightbemotivatedtopractice.Apersonwhosefearedpossibleselfisanalcoholicmaybecomeanon­drinker.Inasmallstudy,whenyoungadultswereencouragedtoenvisionthemselvesaseitherregularexercisers(hoped­forselves)orinactive(fearedselves),bothgroupsexercisedmoreintheweeksafterward.Apossibleselfcantakeyoubeyonddaydreams,whichareoftennotnecessarilygroundedinreality.Itcancometofruitionifyoubuildabridgefromyour“now”selftothepossibleself.“Ifyou'reregularlydreamingofadifferentcareer,enrollinacourse,shadowsomeone,takeupahobbyorasidejob.Makingthetransitionrequiresyoutosaynow,today,thisweek,thesearethestepsIcanactuallytaketoattainthegoal，”saidDaphnaOyserman,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Butdon'tquityourjobjustyet.Ananalysisofcareer­transitionresearchconcludedthatsuccessfulreinventionsrequireadjustmentsandre­evaluationsasyougo.Mr.Patterson,forexample,wrotealmostadozenbookswhilestillathisadagency;hefoundhisstyleonlyaftermanytries.8．Whydoestheauthormentiontheinterview？()A．Toshowhisexpectation.B．Toexplainhissurprise.C．TodisplayPatterson'sability.D．Tointroduceaconcept.9．Whatcanwelearnabouttheideaof“possibleselves”？()A．Itinvolvesthreeaspects.B．Itallowspersonalgrowth.C．Itensuresoneapromisingfuture.D．Itincludestheideaofself­concept.10．WhatdoesprofessorDaphnaintendtoexpress？()A．Theideaof“now”self.B．Thewishforthecareertransition.C．Theimportanceofconcreteaction.D．Thenecessityofexpert­consulting.11．Whatisprobablytalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph？()A．Differentwritingstyles.B．Multipleresearchmethods.C．Patterson'ssuccessinhisadvertisingbusiness.D．Theexplorationandadaptationofjobtransition.DThesubjectofJayOwens'snewbookhaslongbeentryingtokillme.Likemillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,Iamallergictodust.Ihavelongconsidereditanenemy.ButOwensisouttobroadenourperspective.Whileeachparticle(微粒)ofdustmaybetiny,togethertheyhaveoutsizedconsequences.Approximately2bntonsofdustareliftedintotheEarth'satmosphereeachyear,Owenstellsus,bothabsorbingandreflectingthesun'senergyandseedingclouds—thereforedirectlyaffectingglobaltemperaturesandclimate.Likewater,dustispartofanessentialecologicalcycle.Owens'sownfascinationwithduststartedin2015,witharoadtripthroughCalifornia.OwenswastransfixedbythestoryofLosAngeles,whosegrowthandmodernexistencewasonlypossiblethroughthesystematictheftofwaterandthecreationofadustdeserttotheeast.Earlyinthebook,Owensunpacksthehistoryofhygiene(卫生),exploringhowdirtandourrelationtoithaschangedovercenturies,andcleanliness—orthepursuitofit—definesourmodernlives.AftertheIndustrialRevolution,emergingideasabouttherelationshipbetweendirtanddiseasemadedustsomethingtobefoughtagainst—aresponsibilitythatfellonwomen.Thepoorestpeopletendedtohavetheleasttimeandmoneytocleanahouse;often,theirjobsweretocleanthehousesofothers.“Thehistoryof20th­centurycleanlinessis,thus,ahistorynotonlyofthemakingofsexandclassdistinctions,butracialisedinequalities.”PerhapsthemostemotionallystirringchapterinthebookisthatOwensretellsthestoryofthenuclearagenotthroughmushroomclouds,butthroughtheradioactivedusttheyleftbehind.Onestudyestimatedthattheeffectsofatmosphericnucleartestingwouldeventuallyresultinthedeathsof2.4millionpeoplefromcancer,athreat“thathasgonesubstantiallyunnoticedbecauseradioactivedustissuchadelayedkiller”．OnereasontothinkaboutdustOwenswritesinDust：TheModernWorldinaTrillionParticlesis“tochallengeourselvestotrytoseetheworldbeyondoureasyimaginings”．12．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph2？()A．Theimpactofdustontemperatures.B．Theamountofdustintheatmosphere.C．Thecomparisonbetweendustandwater.D．Thetravelingcourseofdustaroundtheworld.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transfixed”meaninParagraph3？()A．Thrilled.B．Inspired.C．Embarrassed.D．Shocked.14．HowdoesOwensregarddust？()A．Itisadistantconcern.B．Itcarriespoliticalmeanings.C．Itchangesourrelationtonature.D．Itisareflectionoftechadvancement.15．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage？()A．Tointroduceabook.B．Tosupportanauthor.C．Topresentaphenomenon.D．Tocorrectmisunderstandings.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverwonderedwhydifferentpeoplereactdifferentlytothethingsyousayanddo？Maybeyoutoldyourparentsastorythatmadethemlaugh,butfoundthatthesamestorywasupsettingtothekidsatschool.Whatcausedthemtoreactsodifferently?16(____)Boundariesarethecut­offpointbetweenwhatapersonfindsfunnyandcharming,andwhattheyfindhurtfulandinappropriate.17(____)Youmaynotalwaysshareaperson'sboundaries,butit'sstillimportanttorespectthem.18(____)That'swhyit'sespeciallyimportanttobeagoodlistenerwhenyou'refirstgettingtoknowsomeone.Listeningwillhelpyougetafeelforthetopicstheyarecomfortablediscussing.19(____)Iftheybecomewithdrawnwhenyoubringupacertaintopic,ortheytrytochangesubjects,youmaybemakingthemuncomfortable.Thenitisbettertopullbackintheconversationandletthemtaketheleadforawhile.Whilemanypeoplewon'ttellyoudirectlythatyou'vemadethemuncomfortable,somepeoplewill.20(____)Inthatcase,it'salwaysbesttoapologizeandcorrecttheoffensivebehavior.Failingtotakeastepbackcancreatealotofdiscomfortforthepeoplearoundyou.Mostpeoplecanforgiveaone­timeslip,butyoushouldavoidmakingthesamemistakerepeatedly,whichcandamageafriendship.A．Youaren'tsureofaperson'sboundaries.B．Differentpeoplehavedifferentboundaries.C．Thegatewaytoahealthyrelationshipisboundaries.D．Theymaytellyouthatyou'restandingtooclosetothem.E．Payattentiontothewaytheyreacttoyourideasandjokes.F．Apersontendstotellyoudirectlyifyou'vemadeamistake.G．Theanswerhassomethingtodowithatrickyconceptcalledboundaries.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Thiswillneverdo.”IkepttellingmyhusbandashesetthetableonThanksgiving.Iwantedeverythingtobe__21__，becausemyparentswouldcome.Criticismsfrommychildhood__22__ranginmymind.Sowhenevermyparentsvisitedus,I__23__myselfformorefaultfinding.Theunhealthypursuitofperfection__24__thejoyfromourcelebration.GraduallyI__25__thereasonforThanksgiving,andIfoundmyself,likemyparents,__26__peoplearoundme.Thenluckily,Ireadfromabook,“Toomuchcriticismhurts;necessarypraisehelps.Putyourpraiseofsomeonein__27__sothatthepersoncansaveandreadit.“SothenextThanksgiving,I__28__tomyhusbandandmyson,“We'reeachgoingtowriteamessagesayingwhatwe__29__aboutoneofus.”Despitetheireye­rolling,wesoonfinishedandexchangedour__30__．Mysonsatupstraighterafter__31__whathisfatherhadwrittenabouthim.AndIfeltsoupliftedmyselfwhenIread“Iamproudofyourcooking.”Thatwasalife­changing__32__．Sincethenmyfamilyhasthe__33__andwedoityear­roundnotjustthefourthThursdayofNovember.Inolongerjustfocusonfindingfaultwithothers.I'mmore__34__howIcanhelpthepeoplearoundmefeellovedandappreciated.Especiallyinwriting,becausebehindevery__35__isthepoweroflove.21．()A.perfect B．new C．permanent D．normal22．()A.finally B．constantly C．merely D．hardly23．()A.hid B．contained C．behaved D．prepared24．()A.caused B．passed C．spread D．stole25．()A.madesureof B．gotusedto C．lostsightof D．paidattentionto26．()A.punishing B．interrupting C．criticizing D．declining27．()A.questions B．lectures C．writing D．testing28．()A.reported B．announced C．replied D．admitted29．()A.appreciate B．forget C．expect D．ignore30．()A.designs B．plans C．gifts D．notes31．()A.remembering B．reading C．explaining D．translating32．()A.book B．moment C．mistake D．promise33．()A.secret B．festival C．tradition D．experiment34．()A.interestedin B．curiousabout C．sympatheticto D．thankfulfor35．()A.discussion B．scene C．decision D．word第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Askywell,or“tianjing”inChinese,datingbacktotheMingdynasty,isatypicalfeatureofatraditionalhomeinsouthernandeasternChina.It36__________(design)toallowinlight,improveventilation(通风),andharvestrainwater.Less37____________(expose)totheoutdoorenvironment,askywellissmalleranddistinctfromanortherncourtyard.Despitethefact38____________askywell'ssizeanddesignvaryfromregiontoregion,itisalmostalwaysrectangular(长方形)andlocatedinthecoreofahouse.Itiseitherenclosedbyroomsonfoursides39____________threesidesplusawall.Whenwindblowsaboveaskywellhouse,itcanentertheindoorspacethroughtheopening.Becauseoutdoorairisoftencooler,theincomingwindtravelsdownthewallstothelowerstories40____________createsairflowbyreplacing41____________(warm)indoorair,whichrisesandleavesthroughtheopening.Duetothe42__________(revive)oftraditionalChinesearchitecture,skywellbuildingshavebeenmakingacomeback.Architectsarenowlookingtowardsthe43____________(principle)behindskywellswhiledesigningnewbuildings44________(save)energy.OneexampleistheNationalHeavyVehicleEngineeringTechnologyResearchCenterintheeasternChinesecityofJinan.Agiantskywellisinthemiddleofthe18­storeyglass­walledtowerblock,45____________(stretch)fromthefifthtothetopfloor.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)你校即将举办以“自律(self­discipline)”为题的英语演讲活动。请结合自身经历写一篇演讲稿。注意：1.词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。Goodmorning,everyone！Itisapleasuretotalkaboutatopicthathasplayedacrucialroleinmylife—self­discipline.Inconclusion,self­disciplineisthekeytosuccessinbothacademicsandlife.第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Babloowaspickingcolorpapersandsomewatercolorswhilehismumwasbusyselectingthenecessarydailysuppliesforthismonth.Theybothcompletedtheirselectionofitemsandwenttothecheckouttopaythebill.Seethawassurprisedtoseethebillof85dollars,whichwasmorethanthebudgetthatshehadset.ShewantedtoreturnsomeoftheitemspickedupbyBabloo.“ButIlikedrawing.Myteacheralwaysshowsmyarttotheclass，”Babloocried.Heusuallywenttoasecretplacetoworkoncreativeartwork.Heknewitwasdifficultforhisparentstoearnenoughmoney.Hewassurehisartworkwouldbeappreciatedbytheshop­keepersaroundandthathecouldgivehisparentsabigsurprise.Seethadecidednottodisappointherson.Backathome,Babloowantedtoeagerlyopentheboxesandlookatthoseitemshehadselected.ButSeethaaskedhimtodohishomeworkfirst.Shewasalittleworriedaboutwhatherhusband,Ramesh,wouldsayabouttheadditionalbillamount.Rameshreachedhomearound7：00P．M.HewasverytiredandSeethaofferedhimacupofcoffee.Hewasasalesexecutive.Hehadtoworkhardtocompletethesalestargettosavehisjobinthecompany.“Weneedtosaveatleastalittlemoreamountpermonth,Seetha.Itmighthelpusforanyemergencyexpenses，”saidRameshwithadullface.“Whatwasthebillamountforthismonth?Ihopethatwaswithinourbudget.”Seethawassilentforamomentandaskedhimtohavehiscoffeefirst.Ramesh,withworryonhisface,askedagain,wonderingiftherewasanyproblem.“No...noissuesatall.Onlythingisthisweek'sspendinghasgoneoverthebudget”answeredSeetha.“BablooboughtcolorpapersandsomewatercolorsandIdidnotwanttodisappointhim.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Atthis,RameshcalledBablooandtalkedtohimangrilyandseriously.Fourweekslater,Babloorantowardshisfatherwithlotsofexcitementand10notesof10dollars.综合模拟检测卷(十)答案与解析答案速查速览1－56－1011－1516－20CABBCAADBCDADBAGBAED21－2526－3031－35ABDDCCCBADBBCAD语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了一个风城收获农场的主要参观项目、价格以及注意事项。1．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据SITE部分的McCormickPlaceFarm中的“Itisa3/5­acrerooftopfarm”可知，McCormickPlaceFarm是一个屋顶农场，因此其特别之处是位于在一座建筑物的顶部。故选C。2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据PRICE表格最下方第一行“PrivateGroup$10perperson(startingat$100)”可知，个人团体每人的票价是10美元，但是个人团体需要100美元才开团，因此一个七口之家的团体参观农场要花100美元。故选A。3．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据ADMISSION部分的“Reservationisrequired.”可知，参观农场必须提前预订。故选B。语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲Mandekich和McNeed两位老师将篮球融入数学教学来帮助学生学习数学的成功举措。4．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段“...hesuggested,‘Whynotthrowinsomethingtheyenjoy,likesports？’‘Youarekidding！’Mandekichdismissedhisideaatthemoment.(……他建议说，‘为什么不加入一些他们喜欢的东西，比如运动？’‘你在开玩笑吧！’Mandekich暂时打消了他的想法。)”可知，起初，Mandekic认为McNeed的建议听起来很荒谬。故选B。5．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“‘Whenthebellrang,theyweresofocusedoncollectingtheirdataandfiguringoutwhichteamwonthattheydidn'tleave，’saysMandekic.Theclasses,laternamedBallMatics,soonspreadtootherschools.(Mandekich说：‘当下课铃响时，他们太专注于收集数据弄清楚哪支球队赢了，以至于他们没有离开。’这些后来被命名为BallMatics的课程很快就传播到了其他学校。)”。根据第三段尤其是定位句可知，其他学校欢迎BallMatics这个课程是因为该课程帮助学生在不知不觉中学习数学。故选C。6．解析：选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Theschool'scommitmenttoacademicsisthekeyreasonforoursuccess.Thecoacheswouldbenchstudentswhodidn'tkeepupinclass.’Abbott,oneofthem,says，‘AtUchenna,wewerestudentathletes,afterall,notathletestudents.’(‘学校对学科的投入是我们成功的关键原因。教练会让那些在课堂上跟不上的学生坐冷板凳。’其中一名学生Abbott，说：‘在Uchenna，我们毕竟是学生运动员，不是运动员学生。’)”可知，Abbott，认为在这个课程中，学生得均衡发展。故选A。7．解析：选A。标题概括题。根据第三段最后一句“Theclasses,laternamedBallMatics,soonspreadtootherschools.”以及第四段倒数第三句“Theschool'scommitmenttoacademicsisthekeyreasonforoursuccess.”可推知，本文主要讲了Mandekich和McNeed两位老师将篮球融入数学教学来帮助学生学习数学的成功做法。再结合选项可知，A项“重大胜利”符合题意。故选A。语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了“可能的自我”这一概念及其对个人发展的影响。8．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Mr.Patterson'sabilitytoseehimselfasawriterillustratesaconceptknownas‘possibleselves’．(Patterson将自己视为作家的能力说明了一个被称为‘可能的自我’的概念。)”可知，根据前四段尤其是定位句可知，作者在开头提到采访是为了引入“可能的自我”这个概念。故选D。9．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Thesepossibleselves,bothpositiveandnegative,arecloselyrelatedtomotivation.(这些可能的自我，无论是积极的还是消极的，都与动力密切相关。)”以及第五段中所讲的例子可推知，“可能的自我”这个概念会让自己更有动力，更能发展自己来实现个人成长。故选B。10．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“‘...Makingthetransitionrequiresyoutosaynow,today,thisweek,thesearethestepsIcanactuallytaketoattainthegoal，’saidDaphnaOyserman,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.(‘……转变需要你考虑现在，今天和这个星期，这些是我实际上可以采取的步骤来实现这个目标，’南加利福尼亚大学的心理学教授DaphnaOyserman说。)”可知，Daphna教授想要强调的是具体行动的重要性。故选C。11．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第一二句“Butdon'tquityourjobjustyet.Ananalysisofcareer­transitionresearchconcludedthatsuccessfulreinventionsrequireadjustmentsandre­evaluationsasyougo.(但先别辞职。一项关于职业转型的研究得出结论，成功的再创造需要不断调整和重新评估。)”根据最后一段尤其是定位句可知，职业转型需要调整与评估。由此可推知，文章在下一段中可能会讨论关于工作转换的探索与适应。故选D。语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了JayOwens的关于灰尘的影响力的新书。12．解析：选A。段落大意题。根据第二段第二句“Approximately2bntonsofdustareliftedintotheEarth'satmosphereeachyear,Owenstellsus,bothabsorbingandreflectingthesun'senergyandseedingclouds—thereforedirectlyaffectingglobaltemperaturesandclimate.(Owens告诉我们，每年大约有20亿吨尘埃进入地球大气层，它们吸收和反射太阳的能量，并形成云层，因此直接影响全球气温和气候。)”可知，第二段主要讲了灰尘对温度的影响。故选A。13．解析：选D。词义猜测题。A项意为“非常兴奋的；B项意为“受启发的”；C项意为“尴尬的”；D项意为“吃惊的，震惊的”；根据第三段第一句可知，Owens对灰尘很感兴趣，再根据画线词所在句中的“whosegrowthandmodernexistencewasonlypossiblethroughthesystematictheftofwaterandthecreationofadustdeserttotheeast.”可知，他震惊于洛杉矶的成长和现代的发展与水和灰尘的关系。因此，画线词应意为“震惊的”。故选D。14．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“‘Thehistoryof20th­centurycleanlinessis,thus,ahistorynotonlyofthemakingofsexandclassdistinctions,butracialisedinequalities.’(因此，20世纪的清洁史不仅是一部制造性别和阶级差别的历史，也是一部种族化的不平等历史。)”根据第四段可知，Owens在书中探讨了灰尘与人类社会之间的关系，再根据定位句并结合备选项可推知，他认为灰尘具有政治意义。故选B。15．解析：选A。写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了JayOwens的关于灰尘的影响力的新书。因此本文的目的是介绍一本书。故选A。语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们的社交边界以及如何利用。16．解析：选G。空前问为什么不同的人对你所说和所做的事情的反应不同？空格后讲界限是一个人觉得有趣和迷人的东西和他们觉得伤害和不合适的东西之间的分界。G项“答案与一个叫作边界的微妙的概念有关”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。17．解析：选B。空后讲你与别人关于界限的看法可能不总是相同，但尊重它们仍然很重要。B项“不同的人有不同的界限”引出下文，符合语境。故选B。18．解析：选A。空后讲这就是为什么当你第一次了解一个人时，做一个好的倾听者是特别重要的。A项“你不确定一个人的界限”引出下文，符合语境。故选A。19．解析：选E。空前讲倾听可以帮助你了解能让他们舒服地进行讨论的话题；空后讲如果当你提起某个话题时，他们变得沉默寡言，或者他们试图改变话题，你可能会让他们感到不舒服。E项“注意他们对你的想法和笑话的反应”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。20．解析：选D。空前讲虽然很多人不会直接告诉你你让他们不舒服，但有些人会；空后讲不后退一步会给你周围的人带来很多不适。D项“他们可能会说你站得离他们太近了”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了“我”通过和家人互相表达赞赏而改变了自己的心态的故事。21．解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Theunhealthypursuitofperfection”及语境可知，“我”希望一切都是完美的。故选A。22．解析：选B。考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，童年时代的批评不断在“我”脑海中回响。constantly意为“经常地，不断地”，符合语境。故选B。23．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，所以每当父母来看“我们”时，“我”就会为被挑错做好准备。prepareoneselffor意为“使自己为……做好准备”，符合语境。故选D。24．解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，对完美的不健康追求偷走了我们庆祝活动的乐趣。故选D。25．解析：选C。考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，渐渐地，“我”忘记了感恩节的原因，“我”发现自己像父母一样，在批评身边的人。A项意为“确保，保证”；B项意为“适应，习惯于”；C项意为“忽略，忘记”；D项意为“关注”。故选C。26．解析：选C。考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Criticismsfrommychildhood”及语境可知，“我”发现自己像父母一样，在批评身边的人。A项意为“惩罚”；B项意为“打扰”；C项意为“批评”；D项意为“下降，衰退”。故选C。27．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“We'reeachgoingtowriteamessage”可知，“我”从一本书中读到：“过分批评会伤人；必要的表扬有帮助。把你对别人的赞美写下来，这样别人就可以保存和阅读。”故选C。28．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，所以在第二年的感恩节，“我”对丈夫和儿子宣布：“我们每个人都要写一条信息，表达我们对其中一个人的欣赏之处。”B项意为“宣布，通知”。故选B。29．解析：选A。考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“Putyourpraiseofsomeone”及下文中的“Iamproudofyourcooking.”可知，我们每个人都要写一条信息，表达我们欣赏对方什么。故选A。30．解析：选D。考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“writeamessage”及语境可知，尽管他们都在翻白眼，我们还是很快写完并交换了纸条。故选D。31．解析：选B。考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，“我”儿子读了他父亲写的关于他的东西后，坐得更直了。故选B。32．解析：选B。考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“AndIfeltsoupliftedmyselfwhenIread‘Iamproudofyourcooking.’”及语境可知，那是一个改变人生的时刻。故选B。33．解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，从那时起，我们家就有了这个传统，我们一整年都这样做。故选C。34．解析：选A。考查形容词词组辨析。根据上文中的“Inolongerjustfocusonfindingfaultwithothers.”语境可知，我更感兴趣的是如何帮助我周围的人让他们感受到爱和欣赏