福建省福州市部分高中开学202-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（含解析）

第=PAGE1*2-11页共=SECTIONPAGES2*24页◎第=PAGE1*22页共=SECTIONPAGES2*24页第=PAGE1*2-11页共=SECTIONPAGES2*24页◎第=PAGE1*22页共=SECTIONPAGES2*24页福建省福州市部分高中开学202-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Everyfouryears,theWinterOlympicssurpriseuswithmanynewincredibleathletes.Here’salookatthebiggeststarsfromtheBeijingGames.EileenGu,China,freestyleskiingGu,18,wasundoubtedlyoneofthebiggeststarsthroughouttheOlympics.Oneofjusttwoathletestocompeteinallthreefreestyleskiingevents,Gubroughthomeagoldinbigairandhalfpipeandasilverinslopestyle.ThatmadeherthefirstfreeskiathletetowinthreemedalsinasingleGames.Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskatingThe25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen’s5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently（随后）publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.VanderPoelnearlyquitspeedskatingafteradisappointing2018Olympics.HejoinedtheSwedisharmyforabasicrangercoursebeforereturningtotheicein2019.Now,he'satwo-timeOlympicgoldmedalist.ChloeKim,USA,snowboardingThe21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen'shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames.“Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,”Kimsaidaftertheevent.TheAmericanstarisnowatwo-timegoldmedalist,andatherage,shecouldcontinueforyearstocomeifshewantsto.NathanChen,USA,figureskatingChenhelpedtheUSwinbronzeintheteameventin2018beforeaneventbetterruninBeijing.TeamUSAclaimedsilverintheteamevent,andthe22-yearoldChenwongoldinthemen’ssinglescompetition.ThatgoldmedalcameafterwinningsinglesgoldinthreestraightWorldChampionships（2018,2019,2021）.1．Whoistheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiing?A．ChloeKim. B．NilsvanderPoel. C．EileenGu. D．NathanChen.2．WhatdoweknowaboutNilsvanderPoel?A．HeisanAmerican. B．Hesharedhiswaystowininsports.C．Heneverlefticesports. D．Hedidwellin2018Olympics.3．WhendidChloeKimwinthefirstOlympicgold?A．Attheageof17. B．Attheageof20.C．Attheageof21. D．Attheageof25.IwastravelinginSpainwithmysisterwhowaslivingthere.Iwentintoabakerytoorderacoupleofpastries(点心).Thereweredifferentkindsofbreadonashelf,butonlyonekindhadalittlesignhangingfromtheshelfthatsaid“somethingsomethingborrachos”.Ididn’tnecessarilywantthatkind,butitwastheonlylabeledone,sonaturallyIwavedtheguybehindthecounterandordered“dosborrachosporfavor”.IwasprettytimidaboutmySpanish,soIwhisperedit.Themensittingnearmeallstoppedtalkingandlookedatme.Theguy,veryseriously,said,“que?quieras?(Whatdoyouwant?)”Ishylysaidagain,withlessconfidence,“dosborrachosporfavor.”Allthemenaroundmestartedsnickering(偷笑).TheguyagainaskedmewhatIwanted,andhewasgettinglouder.Hewasraisinghisvoiceoverthenoiseofthewholeshop.Hetoldmetospeakup.Mostofthetablesnowwerealsoquiet.Iwasgettingabitembarrassed.IthoughthewasmakingfunofmyaccentorIwaspronouncingitwrong.Ilookedhardatthesign,madesuretopronouncecorrectly,andshouted“quierodosborrachos!(IWANT2BORRACHOS!)”Heshouted,“aaaah,quierasdosBORRACHOS!”Thistime,hecouldn’tkeepastraightfaceandstartedguffawing(狂笑),andtherestintheshopfollowed.Ihadnoideawhatwashappening,soIjustranout,empty-handedandashamed.Icamebackandtoldmysisterthestory.Shestartedlaughingandexplained“borrachos”means“drunkmen”andthesignprobablysaidthat“drunkmenwerenotwelcomehere”andthatsignhappenedtohangundertheshelf.IhadjustshoutedtoafullshopthatIWANTEDacoupleofdrunkmen.4．Whydidtheauthorgototheshop?A．Tobuysomethingtoeat. B．Toseehersister.C．Tofindadrunkman. D．TopractiseherSpanish.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“timid”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Confident. B．Curious. C．Unsure. D．Angry.6．Whatmadeallthepeopleintheshoplaugh?A．Theauthor’sstrangeaccent. B．Theauthor’swrongpronunciation.C．Theauthor’sshybehaviors. D．Theauthor’sunusualorder.7．Howwastheauthorfeelingwhenshelefttheshop?A．Amused. B．Embarrassed. C．Satisfied. D．Regretful.AJourneytotheYosemiteFirefallEachyear,thousandsofpeopleareattractedtotheYosemiteNationalParkinCaliforniaforachanceofseeing—andphotographing——theunique“firefall”.Theamazing“firefall”comestolifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfromthemelting（融化）snowtokeeptheHorsetailFallflowingandwhenthelightofthesettingsunhitsthewaterfallattherightangle.ItcanonlybeseenforashorttimeinFebruaryonclearsunnydays.Thisyear,theweatherisn’tstoppingthe“firefall”fromhappening,butitismakingthejourneytoseeitmoredifficult.“Whatwouldhavebeena10-minutewalkturnedintoatwo-hourhikethroughdeepsnow,”photographerRyanFitzsimonssaidabouthisrecenttriptoseethephenomenon.“Ourclotheswereallwetbythetimewegottoaviewingsite.Buttheheavysnowmadethesightmuchmorebeautifulsincethewaterfallismuchbiggerthisyear.”AnotherphotographerAndyHeitzwasmakinghisfirsttriptoseethe“firefall”.Hehadtowaitfivehoursintheextremecoldforhisturntotakeapicture.“Igottothesiteatabout12:00atnoon.Theplacewasalreadyfilledwithhundredsofpeoplewaitingtoseeandphotographthe‘firefall’.IwassoluckythatIshotareallywonderfulburner!IwascompletelyamazedwithwhatIsaw,”hesaid.“Youknow,onlyonacoupledaysoftheyearinFebruaryandwhenthesunsetsdownattheperfectangletoshineonYosemite’sHorsetailFallcanweseethe‘FireFall’.I’llneverforgetwhatIhaveseen.’’The“firefall”shouldcontinuetobetherefrom20to24February.Butparkofficialssaidthatthere’snoguarantee（保证）thatvisitorswillseeitonanygivenday.8．Whenmightbethebesttimetotakepicturesofthe“firefall”?A．Earlyinthemorning. B．Atnoon.C．Lateintheafternoon. D．Atnight.9．Whymightthe“firefall”disappearbetween20to24Februarythisyear?A．Therewouldn’tbeenoughsnow. B．Itmightbetoocloudy.C．Thewaterfallmightnotfreeze. D．Thesnowmightmelttoofast.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“burner”inparagraph5referto?A．Aworkerinthekitchen.B．ThefireintheYosemiteNationalPark.C．Apartofacookerorstove.D．TheuniqueHorsetailFallinthesettingsun.11．Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceanattraction. B．Togivesuggestionsforatrip.C．ToadvertiseaparkintheUS. D．Toexplainwhatisa“firefall”.Veryfewpeopleenjoygoingtothedentist,especiallyforafilling.Oftenfillingsneedtobereplacedduringthepatient’slifetime.Butisfillingthecavity(蛀牙洞)withaforeignmaterialreallythebesttreatment?Isitpossiblethatthetoothcouldrepairitselfwithitsownmaterial—dentine(牙质)?ResearchersatKing’sCollegeLondonhavefoundaprocessthatmayreplacethetraditionalmethod.PaulSharpeofKing’sCollegeLondonsaysthenewtreatmentforcavitiesissimpler.Itusesadrugthatcausesthetoothtofillintheholenaturallywithdentine.“Itinvolvesputtingadruginthehole.Itexcitesanaturalprocess,whichstartstooccuranywayfollowingthedamage,soyoucanactuallygetthebigholerepairedandtherepairistheproductionofthenaturalmaterial,thedentine.”Usuallyanewdrugrequiresrepeatedtestingbeforeitisapprovedfortreatment.However,thisdrugthatproducestheregrowthmaterialinteethhasalreadybeenapproved.ItisadrugusedtotreatAlzheimer’sdiseaseandotherdisordersofthenervoussystem.Researchersexplainthattheyuseonlyasmallamountandtheyuseitlocally.Usuallythatmeansthemedicineisputdirectlyontheaffectedarea.Itdoesnottravelthroughthepatient’sblood.NigelCarterheadsBritain’sOralHealthFoundation.Hedescribesthenewtreatmentasanexcitingpossibilityfordentalcare.ButCarteralsohasawarning,“Actuallyregrowingthetooththathasbeenlostwithacavitywouldbereallyahugestepforward.Butit'salsoimportantthatwerememberthatfillingthecavityisnotthefirstplace.It’sapreventabledisease.”12．Whenitcomestothedentaltreatment,researchersatKing’sCollegeLondonfocuson.A．whythecavitymustbefilled B．whatskillsdentistsshouldlearnC．whenpeoplehavetoseeadentist D．howthetoothcanrepairitself13．Theadvantageofthenewtreatmentforcavitiesmostlyliesin.A．thefulluseofanewdrug B．thenaturalprocessoftoothrepairC．thegoodqualityoffillingmaterials D．thepracticalwayoffindingthedamageearly14．Whatdoweknowaboutthedrugusedforthenewdentaltreatment?A．IthaslittleeffectonAlzheimer’sdisease.B．Itisbeingtestedbeforeitgetsfinalapproval.C．Ithasbeenputtousefortreatingotherdiseases.D．Ittravelsthroughthepatients'bloodandhassideeffects.15．WhichofthefollowingwouldNigelCartermostprobablyagreewith?A．Weshouldtakegoodcareofourteethindailylife.B．Whenyoufindthecavity,itisunnecessarytogetitfilled.C．Takingexerciseisthebestwaytopreventdentaldisease.D．Whenyoufindadamagedtooth,you'dbetterrepairit.BodyLanguageMistakesYouShouldAvoidatWorkCommunicationisnotonlyaboutwordsbutalsogestures.Therefore,youshouldbecarefulabouthowyouuseyourbodywhenexpressingyourself.16AvoidingeyecontactWhenspeakingwithaworkmate,avoidingeyecontactmakesyoulookunprofessional.17Italsoshowsthatyouarenotinterestedinthetopic.Therefore,youshouldalwayskeepeyecontactespeciallywhenyouaremakingapoint.Crossingyourarms18Insomecasesdoingsomayrevealthatyouwanttoputadistancebetweenyourselfandthem.Thisisgenerallyconsideredasapositionofdefencewhichwillprobablyresultinunharmoniousworkingatmosphere.Sojustkeepyourarmsopentogiveothersawarmfeeling.CheckingthetimeCheckingthetimeeveryfewminutesmakespeoplefeelyouareinahurryorwouldratherbesomewhereelse.Itlookslikeyouarenotinterestedinbeingthere.Therefore,whenyouarespeakingtoyourworkmates,trynottolookattheclockveryoften.BadbodypostureHavingabadposturecanmeanthatyouarenotinterestedinwhatisgoingonaroundyou.19Itisimportanttostandorsitupstraightwhenspeakingtosomebody.Also,keepyourheadhigh.WeakhandshakeAweakhandshakemeansthatyoudon’tcaremuchaboutthepersonyouareshakinghandswith.20However,don’tforgetthatahandshakethatistoofirmcanbeimpolite.Therefore,trytofindtherightbalance.A．Nodyourheadtoshowthatyouarelistening.B．Itmayindicatethatyouarenotselfconfident.C．Trytogreetthepeoplewithastronghandshake.D．Thisshowsthatyouhaveconfidenceinyourself.E．Crossingyourarmsshowsthatyouarenotopentoothers.F．Herearesomebodylanguagemistakesyoushouldavoidatwork.G．Forinstance,droppingshouldersoraloweringneckmayindicateyouareindifferent.二、完形填空“BARBARA,”myhusband,Bill,announced,“yourbirthdaypresentisinthefreezer.”21,Iwenttothefreezer—andbrokeout22.Insidewasawell-wrappedicecreamcontainer.My23oficecreamiswell-knowninourhome.Then,24thewrappings,Ilaughedevenharder.Insteadoficecream,thecontainer25fourlarge,hand-craftedwoodennumbers.BillhadheardmesaymonthsearlierthatI’dalwayswantedeasy-to-readhousenumbers.Iwas26.Thefunofhisdouble27waswhatIloved.Thegift28meofaconversationI’doverheardatadepartmentstore.Awomanwas29agiftfromherhusband.“Wouldn’tyouthinkthatafter20yearsGeorgewouldknowIneverweargold?”shejoked—butInotedabitof30.Icouldn’thelp31thetwostylesofgiftgiving.Georgehad32spentseveralhundreddollarsonjewelryhiswifedidn’t33.Billhadspentperhaps$20,but,thinkingcarefully,hehadchosenagiftthatwasjust34forme.Thisiswhatgift-givingisallabout.Theexcellenceofagiftliesinitsappropriatenessratherthanits35.Choosingagiftneedn'tbeachore(琐事);itcanbefunforboththereceiverandthegiver.21．A．Confused B．Shocked C．Annoyed D．Depressed22．A．dancing B．crying C．singing D．laughing23．A．choice B．concern C．love D．sense24．A．staringat B．pullingoff C．throwingaway D．puttingback25．A．held B．cost C．shaped D．counted26．A．nervous B．touched C．stressed D．guilty27．A．reward B．character C．surprise D．standard28．A．reminded B．convinced C．informed D．warned29．A．selecting B．expecting C．wrapping D．returning30．A．delight B．hurt C．envy D．shame31．A．describing B．sharing C．comparing D．displaying32．A．probably B．frequently C．secretly D．merely33．A．mention B．like C．refuse D．order34．A．unusual B．novel C．unique D．right35．A．function B．quality C．value D．appearance三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwillswitchofftheTVwhenweforgetinthenot-too-distantfuture.Wewillbeusing36(advance)technologyeverydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineand37(prefer),soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.YourlightswillcomeontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralready38(prepare)foryou.Ifyoustarttohavesleeporweightproblems,itwillsenda39(warn)toyourphone.Itwillalsogiveyousuggestionsona40(healthy)dietandhowtosleepbetter.Smarthomeswillbeabletopreventseriousdamagefromaccidents.Thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy,Nevertheless,itwilltakesomeyears41mostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology.四、翻译42．Theytested380ancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefightagainstmalaria.(英译汉)43．Einsteinpassedaway,andthewholeworldmournedthegreatlossofabrilliantscientist.（英译汉）44．Smarttoiletswillbekeepingconstanttrackofyourhealthaswell.（英译汉）45．他们的项目陷入了僵局。然而，屠呦呦并不认输。(汉译英)46．从这个意义上说，明日之家已经是今日之家。(汉译英)47．当她知道考试结果时，她的眼里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。（汉译英）48．听到这个消息，他非常生气，紧握着手，身体轻微颤抖着。（汉译英）49．当她读到那封真诚的信时，泪水流下了她的脸颊。（汉译英）五、书面表达50．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmybrother'sidea.Let'sgetMomapetdogforherbirthday.Itwouldmakeherhappy.Ithoughtitwasagoodidea,asMomhadalwayswantedtoownadog.Bythetimeourconversationended,Ihadmytask:findourmotheradog.Afteracarefulsearch,Ifinallyfoundanadfordogsinalocalnewspaper.Anearbyfamilyhadadogwhohadjustgivenbirthtofivemalepuppies（小狗）！Allhadhadtheirfirstvaccines（疫苗），andwouldbereadytoleavetheirmominafewweeks.Igavethemacall.Themanwhoansweredthephonelistenedpatientlytomystoryandsetadateforustomeetthedogs.Whenthedayarrived,Igotintomybrother'scar.Wepulledupinfrontofsomehousesthatsatalonganarrowstreet.Aswesteppedontothesidewalk，weweregreetedbynoisybarks（吠叫声）.Fourdogshadpositionedthemselvesonthebackofasofaandwerewatchingusthroughalargewindow.Weclimbedontotheporch(门廊)andrangthedoorbell.Atallmanwithgrayinghairandakindsmileopenedthedoor.AsIreachedtoshakehishand,Icouldseethepuppiesbehindhim,runningtogettous.Eachpuppyworeadifferentcolorstringaroundhisneck.Wemettheman'swife,whoworeasimilarfriendlysmileandwelcomedustoherhome.Wemetthepuppies'parentsandthensetaboutthebusinessofselectingafriendforourmother.Therewerefourpuppiesandfourvisitors;themanhandedeachofusadog.Threeofthepuppieslookedupatuswithlarge,curiouseyes.Thefourthone,whoIwasholding,begantowiggleexcitedlyandkissmyface."Let'stakethisone!He'stheone!Lookhowlovelyheis!"Isaid.AsfarasIwasconcerned,itwasadonedeal.注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Mybrotherwasn'tsureandsuggestedthatwetakesometimetogettoknowallofthem._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Twoweekslater,wepickedupthedogandhidhimaroundthecornerinmymom'slivingroomwhilesheopenedherbirthdaygifts._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页《福建省福州市部分高中开学202-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题》参考答案题号12345678910答案CBAACDBCBD题号11121314151617181920答案ADBCAFBEGC题号21222324252627282930答案ADCBABCADB题号3132333435答案CABDC1．C2．B3．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了冬奥会上闪现出的耀眼明星运动员。1．细节理解题。根据EileenGu,China,freestyleskiing部分“Shealsobecametheyoungestgoldmedalistinfreestyleskiingandwasthefirstwomantolandaleft-turn1620.”（她还成为自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主，并成为第一个左转弯1620度着陆的女性。）可知,自由式滑雪最年轻的金牌得主是谷爱凌。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据NilsvanderPoel,Sweden,speedskating部分“The25-year-oldSwedesettwoOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecord.VanderPoelwonthemen's5,000mand10,000mspeedskatingevents,andthensubsequently（随后）publisheda62guideonhowtowintheevents.”（这位25岁的瑞典人创造了两项奥运会纪录和一项世界纪录。范德波尔赢得了男子5000米和10000米速滑比赛，随后出版了一本62页的如何赢得比赛的指南。）可知，NilsvanderPoel在他出版的指南中分享了如何在赛事中取胜的方法。故选B项。3．细节理解题。根据ChloeKim,USA,snowboarding部分“The21-year-oldCalifornianwonhersecondstraightOlympicgoldinthewomen’shalfpipe,becomingthefirstwomantowintheeventinback-to-backGames.”（这位21岁的加州选手在女子U型池比赛中赢得了她的第二枚奥运金牌，成为首位连续获得该项目的女子选手。）及下文“Iworkedsohardforfouryearstogetbackhereanddothisagain,”（我努力训练了四年才回到这里，并且再一次冲击金牌）可推断,ChloeKim在上一届奥运会中夺得金牌时是17岁。故选A项。4．A5．C6．D7．B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在西班牙旅行时，由于不熟练西班牙语，在咖啡店买点心时而闹了笑话的故事。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一自然段第二句话“Iwentintoabakerytoorderacoupleofpastries(点心).(我走进一家面包店点了几份点心)”可知，作者到店里去是要买吃的。故选A项。5．词义猜测题。根据文章第二自然段第一句话“IwasprettytimidaboutmySpanish,soIwhisperedit.(我对我的西班牙语很timid，所以我就小声说了出来。)”其后半句“我小声说了出来”，说明作者对自己的西班牙语并没有把握，因为不确定，所以才小声说出来，可知该句中的timid一词表示“不确定的、没有把握的”。故选C项。6．细节理解题，根据文章第五段第一句话“TheguyagainaskedmewhatIwanted,andhewasgettinglouder.(那家伙又问我想要什么，他的声音越来越大。)”和第六自然段最后一句话“Ilookedhardatthesign,madesuretopronouncecorrectly,andshouted“quierodosborrachos!(IWANT2BORRACHOS!)”(我仔细看了看指示牌，确保发音正确，然后大喊‘quierodosborrachos!(我要两个BORRACHOS!)’)”以及第七自然段“Heshouted,“aaaah,quierasdosBORRACHOS!”Thistime,hecouldn’tkeepastraightfaceandstartedguffawing(狂笑),andtherestintheshopfollowed.(他喊道：‘啊，quierasdosBORRACHOS!’这一次，他忍不住狂笑，店里的其他人也跟着笑了起来。)”可知，店里的人大笑的原因是作者说要两个BORRACHOS；而根据倒数第二自然段“Shestartedlaughingandexplained“borrachos”means“drunkmen”andthesignprobablysaidthat“drunkmenwerenotwelcomehere”andthatsignhappenedtohangundertheshelf.(她笑了起来，解释说‘borrachos’的意思是‘喝醉的男人’，牌子上可能写着‘这里不欢迎喝醉的男人’，而那个牌子正好挂在架子下面。)可知BORRACHOS指喝醉的男人，而作者当时并不知情，所以作者点了“两个喝醉的男人”，是这种不寻常的点餐方式使得店里的人大笑。故选D项。7．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三自然段“Ihadnoideawhatwashappening,soIjustranout,empty-handedandashamed.(我不知道发生了什么，所以我就跑了出去，两手空空，羞愧难当。)”可知，作者当时跑出店的时候感到很尴尬。故选B项。8．C9．B10．D11．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了约塞米蒂国家公园的“火瀑布”这一景点。每年，成千上万的人被吸引到加州的约塞米蒂国家公园，以便有机会看到，并拍摄——独特的“火瀑布”。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theamazing'firefall'comestolifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfromthemeltingsnowtokeeptheHorsetailFallflowingandwhenthelightofthesettingsunhitsthewaterfallattherightangle.（只有当融化的雪有足够的水使马尾瀑布流动，夕阳以照射瀑布时，令人惊叹的“火瀑布”才会出现。）”可知，“火瀑布”形成于日落时分，也是最好的拍照时间。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ItcanonlybeseenforashorttimeinFebruaryonclearsunnydays.（在二月阳光晴朗的时候，只有短时间才能看到。）”结合文章第三段中的“Buttheheavysnowmadethesightmuchmorebeautifulsincethewaterfallismuchbiggerthisyear.（但大雪使这片景色更加美丽，因为今年的瀑布要大得多。）”可知，今年刚下了大雪，所以“火瀑布”可能会消失的原因只能是没有太阳。故选B。10．词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子后面内容“Youknow,onlyonacoupledaysoftheyearinFebruaryandwhenthesunsetsdownattheperfectangletoshineonYosemite'sHorsetailFallcanweseethe'FireFall'.（你知道，只有在二月的几天，当太阳以完美的角度落在约塞米蒂的马尾落地上时，我们才能看到“火瀑布”）”可知，他拍到了完美的“火瀑布”。由此推知，画线词burner指的就是TheuniqueHorsetailFallinthesetting(夕阳下独特的马尾瀑布）。故选D。11．推理判断题。结合文章的题目“AJourneytotheYosemiteFirefall(约塞米蒂“火瀑布”之旅）”和文章内容可知，文章的主要目的是介绍一个著名的景观——约塞米蒂“火瀑布”。故选A。12．D13．B14．C15．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新的补牙方法。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Isitpossiblethatthetoothcouldrepairitselfwithitsownmaterial—dentine(牙质)?ResearchersatKing’sCollegeLondonhavefoundaprocessthatmayreplacethetraditionalmethod.”（牙齿有可能用它自己的材料——牙本质来自我修复吗？伦敦国王学院的研究人员发现了一种可能取代传统方法的方法。）可知，伦敦国王学院的研究人员致力于用一种牙齿自我修复的方法来取代传统的补牙治疗。故选D项。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itusesadrugthatcausesthetoothtofillintheholenaturallywithdentine.”（它使用一种药物，使牙齿自然地用牙本质填充洞。）和“Itexcitesanaturalprocess,whichstartstooccuranywayfollowingthedamage,soyoucanactuallygetthebigholerepairedandtherepairistheproductionofthenaturalmaterial,thedentine.”（它激发了一个自然过程，这个过程无论如何都会在损伤后开始发生，所以你实际上可以修复大洞，修复是自然材料的产生，即牙本质。）可知，新的治疗方法的优势在于它是一个牙齿自然修复的过程。故选B项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句“However,thisdrugthatproducestheregrowthmaterialinteethhasalreadybeenapproved.ItisadrugusedtotreatAlzheimer’sdiseaseandotherdisordersofthenervoussystem.”（然而，这种在牙齿中产生再生物质的药物已经被批准了。它是一种用于治疗阿尔茨海默病和其他神经系统疾病的药物。）可知，这种新药已经被批准使用了，并且可以用来治疗阿尔茨海默病和其他神经系统紊乱的疾病。故选C项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中奈杰尔•卡特的话“Butit’salsoimportantthatwerememberthatfillingthecavityisnotthefirstplace.It’sapreventabledisease.”（但同样重要的是，我们要记住，填补蛀牙并不是首先要做的。这是一种可以预防的疾病。）可知，奈杰尔•卡特表示：我们要记住的是首先就不应该有蛀牙洞，因为它是完全可以预防的疾病。因此可推断，日常生活中保护好牙齿才是第一位的。故选A项。16．F17．B18．E19．G20．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些在工作中应避免的肢体语言错误。16．根据上文“Therefore,youshouldbecarefulabouthowyouuseyourbodywhenexpressingyourself.(因此，在表达自己时，你应该小心如何使用自己的身体。)”可知，上文讲到要小心如何使用自己的身体。根据下文小标题“Avoidingeyecontact”、“Crossingyourarms”、“Badbodyposture”、“Weakhandshake”可知，空格处承上启下，引出肢体的一些注意事项。F项“Herearesomebodylanguagemistakesyoushouldavoidatwork.(以下是你在工作中应该避免的一些肢体语言错误。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。17．根据本段小标题“Avoidingeyecontact”可知，本段主要介绍避免眼神交流这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“Italsoshowsthatyouarenotinterestedinthetopic.(这也表明你对这个话题不感兴趣。)”可知，下文进一步说明为什么避免眼神交流是一个肢体语言错误。所以B项“Itmayindicatethatyouarenotselfconfident.(这可能表明你没有自信。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。18．根据本段小标题“Avoidingeyecontact”可知，本段主要介绍交叉双臂这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“Insomecasesdoingsomayrevealthatyouwanttoputadistancebetweenyourselfandthem.(在某些情况下，这样做可能会表明你想在自己和他们之间保持距离。)”中的“doingso”可知，上文应说明这个做法是什么。E项“Crossingyourarmsshowsthatyouarenotopentoothers.(双臂交叉表明你对他人不开放。)”承接下文，符合语境，故选E项。19．根据上文“Havingabadposturecanmeanthatyouarenotinterestedinwhatisgoingonaroundyou.

(姿势不好可能意味着你对周围发生的事情不感兴趣。)”可知，上文说明不良的身体姿势的影响。G项“Forinstance,droppingshouldersoraloweringneckmayindicateyouareindifferent.(例如，肩膀下垂或脖子下垂可能表明你漠不关心。)”举例说明一些不良的身体姿势，故选G项。20．根据本段小标题“Weakhandshake”可知，本段主要介绍握手无力这一肢体语言错误。根据下文“However,don’tforgetthatahandshakethatistoofirmcanbeimpolite.Therefore,trytofindtherightbalance.(但是，别忘了握手太用力可能是不礼貌的。因此，试着找到正确的平衡。)”可知，空格处与下文构成转折关系。C项“Trytogreetthepeoplewithastronghandshake.(试着用有力的握手来问候人们。)”符合本段主旨，承上启下，符合语境，故选C项。21．A22．D23．C24．B25．A26．B27．C28．A29．D30．B31．C32．A33．B34．D35．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者收到丈夫送给自己的生日礼物很高兴，因为丈夫送的礼物是作者喜欢的，而且很适合作者。这让作者想起在百货大楼看到一个女人要退还她丈夫给她买的珠宝的事，作者认为礼物的优点在于它的合适性，而不在于它的价值。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑，我走到冰箱前，然后我突然大笑起来。A.Confused困惑的；B.Shocked震惊的；C.Annoyed恼怒的；D.Depressed抑郁的。由上文“yourbirthdaypresentisinthefreezer”可知，丈夫告诉作者送给作者的生日礼物在冰箱里，所以作者感到很困惑，不知道到底是什么礼物，故选A。22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很困惑，我走到冰箱前，然后我突然大笑起来。A.dancing跳舞；B.crying哭；C.singing唱歌；D.laughing笑。由下文“Insidewasawell-wrappedicecreamcontainer.My_____3____oficecreamiswell-knowninourhome.”以及下段提示“Ilaughedevenharder.”可知，此处指作者看到丈夫送给作者的礼物是一个冰激凌容器时高兴地笑了，故选D。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对冰淇淋的热爱在我们家是出了名的。A.choice选择；B.concern关心；C.love热爱；D.sense感觉。由下文“oficecreamiswell-knowninourhome.”和丈夫送给作者冰激凌容器可知，作者很喜欢吃冰激凌，故选C。24．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，扯下包装纸，我笑得更厉害了。A.staringat盯着；B.pullingoff脱下；努力实现；C.throwingaway扔掉；D.puttingback放回原处。由下文“thewrappings”可知，此处指作者扯下冰激凌容器的包装纸，故选B。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：容器里面不是冰激凌，是四个大的手工刻制的木质数字。A.held盛放；存放；B.cost花费；C.shaped塑造；D.counted数数。由上文“Insteadoficecream”可知，冰激凌容器里面不是冰激凌，里面盛放着四个大的手工刻制的木质数字，故选A。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感动。A.nervous紧张的；B.touched感动的；C.stressed紧张的；D.guilty内疚的。由上文“BillhadheardmesaymonthsearlierthatI’dalwayswantedeasy-to-readhousenumbers.”可知，作者喜欢吃冰激凌，丈夫给作者买了冰激凌容纳器作为礼物，而且丈夫还给作者买了这个房间门牌号作为礼物，是因为丈夫几个月前听作者说过，想要易读的门牌号，这些礼物都是丈夫用心准备的，所以作者很感动，故选B。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢他的双重惊喜。A.reward奖励；B.character特点；C.surprise惊喜；D.standard标准。由上文“Insidewasawell-wrappedicecreamcontainer”和“Insteadoficecream,thecontainer__5_____fourlarge,hand-craftedwoodennumbers.”可知，丈夫送给作者两个礼物，冰激凌容器和房间门牌号，这是给作者的双重惊喜，故选C。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个礼物让我想起了，我在百货公司听到的一段对话。A.reminded提醒；B.convinced使信服；C.informed通知；D.warned警告。由下文“meofaconversationI’doverheardatadepartmentstore.”可知，这个礼物使作者想起她在百货公司听到的一段话，remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起，故选A。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个女人正在退还她丈夫给她买的礼物。A.selecting挑选；B.expecting期望；C.wrapping包裹；D.returning返回。由下文“Wouldn’tyouthinkthatafter20yearsGeorgewouldknowIneverweargold?(难道你不认为20年后，George会发现我从不戴金首饰吗？)”和全文内容可知，女人不喜欢丈夫送的礼物，所以去商场退还，故选D。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开玩笑说，但我注意到她有点受伤。A.delight高兴；B.hurt伤；C.envy妒忌；D.shame羞耻。由上文“Wouldn’tyouthinkthatafter20yearsGeorgewouldknowIneverweargol