5年（2021-2025）中考英语真题分类汇编专题03 阅读理解之说明文（河南专用）（解析版）

专题03阅读理解之说明文（解析版）

（2025·河南·中考真题）

Sunshinedoesmakepeoplehappier.Imaginehowcheerfulyouarewhenitclearsupafterlongcoldrainy

days.Let’sdiscoversciencebehindsunlight.

Sunlightcausesyoutoproduceachemical(化学物质)calledserotonin(血清素).Whenyouareexposedto

sunlight,yourbodywillmakemoreserotonin.Higherlevelsofserotoninwillkeepyouingoodspirits.Atnight,

whenthereislittleornolight,yourbodyproducesanotherchemical-melatonin(褪黑激素).Ithelpsyourbody

relaxandwillmakeyoufeeltired,whichcanprepareyouforagoodnight’ssleep.Youshouldkeepagoodbalance

betweenthesetwochemicals.

However,formanypeople,itishardtobalancesunlightwithdarkness.Peoplewhostayindoorsalotmay

notgetenoughsunlight.Thelightinahouseisusuallyabout100timeslessthanthatoutsideonasunnyday.That’s

whyitisbelievedthatthosepeopleshouldgetoutsideinthesunshine.Theycangetsomeexercise,enjoythefresh

airandbehappy,allatthesametime.

Thereareplaceswhereitgetsdarkforalongtimeinthewinter.Peopleinthoseplacesareeasiertoget

seasonalaffectivedisorder(SAD).PeoplewithSADusuallygothroughbadexperiencessuchaslowenergyand

sadness.Themostcommontreatmentforthosepeopleistositunderbrightartificial(人工的)lightsforsometime.

Therolesthatsunshineplaysinpeople’slifearemorethanthoseabove.Forexample,yourbodyproduces

VitaminD(维生素D)fromsunlight,whichisimportantforbeinghealthy.Infact,thereismorescienceabout

sunlightforyoutodiscover.Sonexttime,whenyounoticethesunshineonyourshoulder,takeamomenttothink,

“Whydowelovesunshine?”

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

1．Whichofthefollowingcantaketheplaceof“areexposedto”inthetext?

A．stayinB．careaboutC．dreamofD．dependon

2．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A．Whatcanhelppeopletokeepingoodspirits

B．Howlightinfluencespeoplethroughchemicals.

C．Whymelatonincanhelppeoplerelaxforasleep.

D．Whichchemicalisthoughttobemoreimportant.

3．Whichofthefollowingisanopinion(观点)accordingtothetext?

A．Thereareplaceswhereitgetsdarkforalongtimeinthewinter.

B．Peoplewhostayindoorsalotshouldgetoutsideinthesunshine.

C．Thelightinahouseisusuallylessthanthatoutsideonasunnyday.

D．People’sbodiesproducesomethingcalledVitaminDfromsunlight.

4．JackisapersonwithSAD．Howcouldhesolvehisproblemaccordingtothetext?

A．Bystayingindoorsalot.B．Bytakinginmorefreshair.

C．Bydoingsomeexercise.D．Byusingman-madelights.

5．Whyisthesentence“Whydowelovesunshine?”writteninthelastparagraph?

A．Toencouragereaderstolearnmoreaboutsunlight.

B．Toadvisereaderstostayinhousesforenoughtime.

C．ToexpectreaderstorealizetheimportanceofVitamin

D．Toinvitereaderstowalkintonaturetoenjoythefreshair.

【答案】1．A2．B3．B4．D5．A

【导语】本文主要介绍阳光对于人们的影响。

1．词句猜测题。根据“Sunlightcausesyoutoproduceachemical(化学物质)calledserotonin(血清素).Whenyou

areexposedtosunlight,yourbodywillmakemoreserotonin.”可知，阳光会促使你体内产生一种名为血清素的

化学物质。当你暴露在阳光下时，你的身体会分泌出更多的血清素。“areexposedto”表示“暴露于”，与“stay

in”语意相近。故选A。

2．段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍光是如何通过化学物质影响人的，故选B。

3．推理判断题。根据“That’swhyitisbelievedthatthosepeopleshouldgetoutsideinthesunshine.”可知，这就

是为什么人们认为那些人应该到户外去晒晒太阳的原因。对应B选项是观点，其他三项是事实。故选B。

4．细节理解题。根据“PeoplewithSADusuallygothroughbadexperiencessuchaslowenergyandsadness.The

mostcommontreatmentforthosepeopleistositunderbrightartificial(人工的)lightsforsometime.”可知，对于

这类患者，最常见的治疗方法是坐在明亮的人造灯光下一段时间。故选D。

5．推理判断题。根据“Sonexttime,whenyounoticethesunshineonyourshoulder,takeamomenttothink,‘Why

dowelovesunshine?’”可知，所以下次当你看到阳光洒在你的肩头时，就花点时间思考一下：“我们为什么喜

欢阳光呢？”由此可推断，作者是为了鼓励读者多了解阳光。故选A。

（2024·河南·中考真题）

Anoldsayingusedforforecasting(预测)theweathersays,“Redskyatnight,sailors’delight.Redskyinthe

morning,sailors(水手)takewarning.”Isthesayingtrue?Itturnsoutthatitis.Aredskyatsunsetmaymeanthat

thereareclearskiestothewest,wherethesunsets.Aredskyatsunriseusuallymeansthattheclearweatherhas

alreadypassed,sostormsmightbecoming.

Forecastingtheweatherhasbeenpracticedforthousandsofyears.Inthe5thcenturyBC,theGreekssentout

forecaststosailors.Theyusedsignsinnaturetoforecasttheweather.Buttoday,meteorologistssendexact

forecastsfurtherinadvance(提前).Theyusescientificinstrumentstostudyweatherconditionsaroundtheworld

andmakeforecasts.Pilots,farmersandmanyotherpeopledependontheseforecasts.Luckily,mostofuscan

simplylookonthesmartphoneorturnontheTVtofindoutwhatkindofweatheriscoming.

Ifyouarelookingforsomesignsoftheweather,payattentiontonature.Therearetwobasicrulesusedin

weatherforecasting:Weathergenerallymovesfromwesttoeast,andlowairpressure(压力)usuallymeansrainor

snow.Sopayattentiontothesigns.Ifrainbowsforminthewestatsunrise,thesunisontheway.Smellthe

flowers—theirsmellsarestrongerinwetair.Whataretheantsdoing?Aretheymovingtohigherground?This

couldmeanadropinairpressure.Arethebirdsflyingloworhigh?Fallingairpressuremayinfluencebirds’ears,

sotheyflylow.Andiftheskyisredatsunset,youmightplanapicnicforthenextday!

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

6．Whatistheoldsayingabout?

A．Thebeautyofsunrise.B．Thenightsky.

C．Thesignsoftheweather.D．Thesailors’work.

7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meteorologists”mean?

A．ThepersonswhogivedailyweatherreportsonTV.

B．Thepersonswhocarryoutresearchonnaturalhistory.

C．Thepersonswhotakeaninterestinplantsandanimals.

D．Thepersonswhodoscientificstudiesofweatherconditions.

8．HowdoesthewriterdevelophisideainParagraph2?

A．Bylistingthereasonsforterribleweather.

B．Bytellingatruestoryaboutweatherforecasting.

C．Byintroducingdifferentwaysofforecastingtheweather.

D．Bymentioningthedifficultiesinforecastingtheweather.

9．Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?

A．It’llbesunnyifantsmovetohigherplaces.

B．Thesmellsofflowersarestrongerinwetair.

C．Birdsflyhigherbecauseofthelowairpressure.

D．It’llrainifrainbowsforminthewestatsunrise.

10．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthetext?

A．Toencouragepeopletogetclosetonature.

B．Toexpresstheneedforweatherforecasting.

C．Toexplainnaturecantellusabouttheweather.

D．Todiscusshowimportantweatherforecastingis.

【答案】6．C7．D8．C9．B10．C

【导语】本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。

6．细节理解题。根据“Aredskyatsunsetmaymeanthatthereareclearskiestothewest,wherethesunsets.Ared

skyatsunriseusuallymeansthattheclearweatherhasalreadypassed,sostormsmightbecoming.”可知，日落时

的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去，因

此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语是关于天气的迹象，故选C。

7．词句猜测题。根据“Buttoday,meteorologistssendexactforecastsfurtherinadvance(提前).”可知，提前发布

准确的预报的应该是气象学家，故选D。

8．细节理解题。根据“Inthe5thcenturyBC,theGreekssentoutforecaststosailors....Luckily,mostofuscan

simplylookonthesmartphoneorturnontheTVtofindoutwhatkindofweatheriscoming.”可知，希腊人利用自

然界的迹象来预报天气，气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测，也可以看一下智能

手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点，故选C。

9．细节理解题。根据“Smelltheflowers—theirsmellsarestrongerinwetair.”可知，闻闻花——它们的气味在

潮湿的空气中更强烈。故选B。

10．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故

选C。

（2023·河南·中考真题）

Energyistheabilitytodowork.SolarenergycomesfromtheSun.Thereisalsoenergythatcomesfrom

windandwater.

Butdoyouknowthatenergycancomefrompeople,too?Whenyoupedalabike,youproduceenergy.You

useyourlegstopushthepedals.Yourenergyistransferred(转移)tothebike.Thatmakesthebikemove.

Nowimagineridingyourbiketocreateenoughpowertorunacomputer.Somestudentsatoneschooldid

justthat!Theyjumpedonbikesconnectedtogenerators(发电机)andpedaledinplace.Soontheywereproducing

electricity.Thisenergyisneededtoruntheircomputers.

Hereishowbicycle-poweredenergyworks.Whenastudentpedalsthebike,thebackwheelspins.The

wheelspinsthegenerator.Thegeneratorproduceselectricity.Aslongasastudentpedalsthebicycle,electricity

movesthroughthegenerator.Theelectricitycanbeusedrightaway.Thisenergycanalsobestoredandusedlater.

Peopleusebicycle-poweredenergytorunsmalldevices(设备)suchassmalltelevisionsandfans.They

oftenuselessthan100wattsperhour.However,itwouldbeamistaketousepedalpowertorunafridge.This

largemachineoftenusesmorethan700wattsperhour.Theelectricityforthesemachinescomesfrompowerlines

overheadorunderground.

Pedalpowercanbeseeninschools,gyms,andhomes.Whatafunwaytoprovideelectricity!

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

11．Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic“bicycle-poweredenergy”inParagraph2?

A．Byaskingaquestion.B．Bytellingajoke.

C．Byusinganoldsaying.D．Bymakingasurvey.

12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spins”meaninthetext?

A．Fallsdownsuddenly.B．Breaksupcompletely.

C．Movesupanddownslowly.D．Turnsroundandroundquickly.

13．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A．Thefutureofnewenergy.B．Theformsofworld’senergy.

C．Usingbicycle-poweredenergy.D．Producingbicycle-poweredenergy.

14．Whatdoweknowaboutbicycle-poweredenergy?

A．Itcan’tbeseeninschools.B．Itcomesfromwindandwater.

C．Itcanbestoredandusedlater.D．It’sfrompowerlinesoverhead.

15．Inwhichunitofatextbookcanthetextbefound?

A．Unit1FriendsForeverB．Unit2DreamoftheStars

C．Unit3TheValueofMoneyD．Unit4TheWorldofScience

【答案】11．A12．D13．C14．C15．D

【导语】本文主要讲述了“自行车动力能源”相关知识。

11．细节理解题。根据“Butdoyouknowthatenergycancomefrompeople,too?Whenyoupedalabike,you

produceenergy.Youuseyourlegstopushthepedals.Yourenergyistransferred(转移)tothebike.”可知，作者是

通过问问题来引出“自行车动力能源”的，故选A。

12．词义猜测题。根据“Whenastudentpedalsthebike,thebackwheelspins.”可及常识可知，当踩自行车时，

后轮会转动，所以划线单词表示“转动”，D项符合，故选D。

13．段落大意题。根据“Peopleusebicycle-poweredenergytorunsmalldevices(设备)suchassmalltelevisions

andfans.”可知，本段主要讲的是“自行车动力能源”的使用，故选C。

14．细节理解题。根据“Thisenergycanalsobestoredandusedlater.”可知，这种能源可以储存起来以后使用，

故选C。

15．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了“自行车动力能源”相关知识，与科学相关，故选D。

（2022·河南·中考真题）

There’snothingquitelikefallingsoundasleepafterafulldayofwork.Likepeople,animalsneedtorest

afterworkinghard.Someanimalssleepinwater.Othersdigholesundertheground.Someevensleephighintrees

orunderleaves.Buttheyallfindawaytorest.

Someanimalsintheseasleepinstrangeways.Fishsleepwiththeireyesopen.Theyseemtolookaheadfar

intotheseawhiletheyrest.Seaotterssometimessleepinbedsoftheplantsthatgrowinthesea.Thiskeepsthem

frommovingaway.Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubble(气

泡)willbeformedaroundthem.Thebubbleprotectsthemfromharmwhiletheysleep.

Someanimalssleepundertheground.Chipmunks(花栗鼠)sleepcurledup(蜷缩)inaball.Theirbedsare

madeofleavesandgrass.Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.Thentheygo

backtosleepforanothertwoweeksbeforewakingupagain.Somedesertfrogsdigundergroundholesduringthe

hot,dryseason.Afrogmaystayinitsholeformonths.

Highabovetheground,monkeysfindleafyplacesintreeseacheveningbeforetheysleep.Thetalltreeshelp

tokeepmonkeyssafeduringthenight.Someinsectsevensleepundertheleafthatwillbetheirnextmeal.Abee

mayclimbdownintoaflowertorest.Whenitclimbsoutthenextmorning,itisrestedandreadyforwork.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

16．Whatanimalsblowbubbleswhentheysleep?

A．Seaotters.B．Monkeys.C．Desertfrogs.D．Parrotfish.

17．Whatdoweknowaboutchipmunksaccordingtothetext?

A．Theyrestwiththeireyesopen.

B．Theyneversleepcurledupinaball.

C．Theywakeupnowandtheninwinter.

D．Theydon’teatanyfoodduringthewinter.

18．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A．Theforestwheremonkeyssleepsafely.

B．Theanimalsthatsleepabovetheground.

C．Thereasonwhybeesclimbdownintoflowers.

D．Thewaysthatkeepanimalsawayfromdanger.

19．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?(P-Paragraph)

A．B．C．D．

20．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A．Whereanimalslive?B．Whyanimalsmove?

C．Howanimalssleep?D．Whatanimalsfeedon?

【答案】16．D17．C18．B19．A20．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍不同动物的睡眠方式。

16．细节理解题。根据“Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubble

(气泡)willbeformedaroundthem.”可知，鹦嘴鱼准备睡觉时，会用嘴吹东西。然后在它们周围形成一个气

泡。故选D。

17．细节理解题。根据“Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptocatthestoredfood.”可知，在冬天，

它们要睡上两个星期，醒来后就去吃储存的食物。所以它们不是一直冬眠，而是偶尔会醒来。故选C。

18．段落大意题。分析最后一段内容，尤其是“Highabovetheground”可知，本段介绍一些睡在地上的动物，

故选B。

19．篇章结构题。第一段引出动物有不同的睡眠方式，属于总述；第二段介绍海里的动物；第三段介绍睡

在地下的动物；第四段介绍睡在地上的动物，这三段属于分述。故选A。

20．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍不同动物的睡眠方式，故选C。

（2021·河南·中考真题）

Everylivingthingneedstoreproduce.Reproducingmeanscreatingmoremembersofyourgroup.Inorder

forplantstoreproduce,theyhavetospreadtheirseeds(种子)tootherareas.Plantshavedevelopedallkindsof

waystodothis.

Thesimplestwayisgravity.Manyseedsareinsideoffruit.Whenapieceoffruitgetstooheavy,itfalls

fromatreetotheground.Sometimesanimalswillpickupthefruitanddropitinanotherarea.Thathelpsmovethe

seedevenfartheraway.Applesspreadthisway.

Otherplantsusewindtospreadtheirseeds.Dandelionsareagoodexampleofthis.Dandelionseedsareso

lightthatwhenwindblows,itcarriesdandelionseedstonewplaces.Maple(枫树)seedsalsousewind.Theirseeds

areconnectedwithlong,thinleavesthatlooklikewings.Whentheseedfallsfromthetree,its“wings”helpitfly

fartherfromthetree.

Someanimalshelpplantsspreadtheirseeds.Theanimalseattheseeds.Whiletheseedisintheanimal’s

body,itstayswhole.Whentheseedleavestheanimal,it’sinanewplace.

Antsalsohelpspreadseeds.Someseedshaveaspecialsmellthatattractsants.Theantsbringtheseedsback

totheirhome,whichofcourseisunderground.Theyonlyeatpartoftheseed.Theyleavetherestoftheseed

underground.Afterthat,theseedcanstartgrowing.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

21．Whatdoestheword“gravity”meaninthesecondparagraph？

A．Theactionthatmakesanimalsdropseeds.

B．Thehelpthatmovesseedsevenfartheraway.

C．Theneedthatcomesfromanimalsandplants.

D．Theforcethatcausesfruittofalltotheground.

22．Howdomaplesspreadtheirseeds?

A．Theyuseants.B．Theyusewind.

C．Theyusesmells.D．Theyuseanimals.

23．Whatdoantsdotohelpspreadseeds?

a.Theyonlyeatpartoftheseed.

b.Theyhelpseedsfallfromthetree.

c.Theycarryseedstotheundergroundhome.

d.Theypickupthefruitandmoveitfaraway.

e.Theyleavetherestoftheseedunderground.

A．b,d,eB．a,b,dC．a,c,eD．b,c,d

24．Whatisthetheme(主题)ofthetext?

A．Nature.B．Culture.C．Education.D．Technology.

25．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A．HowPlantsSpreadSeeds?B．WhyAnimalsPickUpSeeds?

C．HowWindHelpsSeedsSpread?D．WhySeedsHaveaSpecialTrip?

【答案】21．D22．B23．C24．A25．A

【分析】本文主要介绍了植物传播种子的方式。

21．词义猜测题。根据“Whenapieceoffruitgetstooheavy,itfallsfromatreetotheground”可知，植物最简单

的传播方式就是当果实过于沉重时，从树上掉到地上的这种力量帮助植物传播种子，故选D。

22．细节理解题。根据“Maple(枫树)seedsalsousewind”可知，枫树用风来传播种子，故选B。

23．细节理解题。根据“Theantsbringtheseedsbacktotheirhome,whichofcourseisunderground”“Theyonlyeat

partoftheseed”及“Theyleavetherestoftheseedunderground”可知，蚂蚁帮助传播种子的方式是：蚂蚁把种

子带回它们地下的家；它们只吃一部分种子；它们把剩下的种子留在地下，故选C。

24．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了大自然中植物传播种子的方式，故选A。

25．最佳标题。根据“Plantshavedevelopedallkindsofwaystodothis”及全文的内容，可知，本文主要介绍了

植物传播种子的方式，所以A选项“植物如何传播种子”符合本文标题，故选A。

（2025·河南平顶山·三模）Therearelotsofthingsthataregoodforyourbrain.Reading,forexample,helps

yourbraintogrowandworkbetter.Solvingpuzzles(拼图)canhelp,too.Scientistsnowfindoutanotherwayof

bringinghealthtobrains:exercising.

Babiesneedexercisefortheirbrainstofullygrow.Meanwhile,exerciseimproveschildren’sattentionand

helpsthemdobetteratschool.Intheelderly,exercisecanhelptokeeptheirmindssharp.Theycannoticeor

understandthingsquickly.Exercisealsohelpsbloodflowtothebrain.Thebrainneedsoxygen(氧气)fromblood.

Withoutoxygen,thebrainwouldstopworking.

Babiesdonothavetotrytoexercise.Theyarealmostalwaysmoving.Developingnewskillslikesitting,

standing,walking,runningandjumpingforcestheirbrainstogrow.

Aschildrengetolder,exerciseisstillimportantforthebrains.Scientistsdidanexperiment.Theyfoundtwo

groupsofchildrenbetween7and9yearsold.Onegroupexercisedforanhourafterschool.Theothergroupdid

not.Scientiststhengavebothgroupsanumberofbraintests.Thekidswhohadexercisedwerequickertolearn

thanthosewhohadnotexercised.

Finally,exercisehelpsadultsthinkquickly.Theolderpeoplebecome,thesmallerpartsofthebraintheywill

get.Thiscanmakeitharderforoldpeopletorememberthings.Forexample,grown-upswhoexercisedfor30

minutes,fivetimesaweekdidbetteronbrainteststhangrown-upswhodidnotexerciseasmuch.

ExerciseisalsogoodforthepatientssufferingfromAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默病),whichharmsthe

brainandcausespeopletolosetheirmemories.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

1．Whatcanyoudoifyouwanttodosomethinggoodforyourbrain?

A．Readbooks.B．Exercise.C．Solvepuzzles.D．Alloftheabove.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sharp”inParagraph2mean?

A．Serious.B．Quick.C．Slow.D．Sudden.

3．Whydon’tbabieshavetotrytoexercise?

A．Becausetheirbrainshavefullygrown.

B．Becausetheyneedtokeeptheirmindsclear.

C．Becausetheirbrainsdon’tneedoxygenfromblood.

D．Becausetheymovealotwhenlearningnewskills.

4．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A．Exercisehelpschildrenlearnquicker.

B．Theolderpeoplebecomeeasiertorememberthings.

C．Adultswhoexercisedoworseonbraintests.

D．Exercisecan’thelppatientswithAlzheimer’sdisease.

5．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A．ExerciseisgoodforhealthB．Theimportanceofahealthybrain

C．ExercisehelpsbringhealthtothebrainsD．Differentwaysofkeepingthebrainshealthy

【答案】1．D2．B3．D4．A5．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了运动对大脑健康的益处，并对比了不同年龄段人群的运动效果。

1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Reading,forexample,helpsyourbraintogrowandworkbetter.Solvingpuzzles

canhelp,too.Scientistsnowfindoutanotherwayofbringinghealthtobrains:exercising.”可知，例如，阅读有助

于大脑发育和运作，拼图也有帮助。科学家还发现另一种促进大脑健康的方式：运动。因此，阅读、拼图

和运动都对大脑有益。故选D。

2．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“Theycannoticeorunderstandthingsquickly.”可知，他们能快速注意或理解

事物。可推知“sharp”在此处意为“迅速的”。故选B。

3．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Theyarealmostalwaysmoving.Developingnewskillslikesitting,standing,

walking,runningandjumpingforcestheirbrainstogrow.”可知，婴儿无需刻意运动，因为他们几乎总在活动，

开发新的技能，如坐、站、走、跑和跳，迫使他们的大脑不断成长。故选D。

4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Thekidswhohadexercisedwerequickertolearnthanthosewhohadnot

exercised.”可知，运动让孩子学习更快。故选A。

5．最佳标题题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Scientistsnowfindoutanotherwayofbringinghealthto

brains:exercising.”可知，本文主要介绍了锻炼是帮助大脑保持健康的方法。故选C。

（2025·河南驻马店·三模）

Thewebcamofyourcomputerisveryuseful.Wecanuseittotakepictures,takevideos,scan(扫描)

documentsandhaveonlinemeetings.Butsometimes,youmaywanttocoveritifyouworkremotely(远程地).

Youwouldliketocoveritwhenyouwanttoavoidshowingyoursurroundingsinanonlinemeeting.Infact,ittakes

lessthanaminutetocoveryourwebcamandprotectyourprivacy.

Hideyourwebcamwithtapeforaquickcover.Youcanstickapieceoftapeoveryourwebcam.Thetape

providesagoodbarrier(障碍)betweenyouandyourcamera.Youshouldchooseblackorbrowntapeinsteadof

cleartape.Ifthetapeisclear,itmaynotblockeverythinginyourroomorworkspace.

Placeacutestickeroveryourwebcam.Youcansearchonlineorinacraftstoreforsomecutestickers.You

canchooseastickerwithacutedesign.Placeitonyourwebcamasacute,protectivecover.Leavethestickerin

placeaslongasneeded.

Blockoffyourcamerawithasquarewebcamcover.Youcanfindsomewebcamcoversinonlineshops.Itis

easytoplaceandremove,asit’smadeoutofamaterialthatsuctions(吸附)toyourcomputerratherthansticks

withadhesive(黏合剂).Afterbuyingacover,youcanplaceitoveryourcamerasothatnobodycanseeyouor

yoursurroundingscompletely.Ifyouneedtouseyourwebcam,youcanremoveiteasily.

Theremightbesomeotherwaysortoolstocoverthewebcamofyourcomputer.Thinkitoverandsee

whetheryoucancomeupwithsomenewsmartways.

6．Howdoesthewriterdevelopthefirstparagraph?

A．Cause→Result→AdviceB．Question→Answer→Example

C．Fact→Problem→SolutionD．Argument→Opinion→Reason

7．Whicharesuggestedtocoverthewebcamofyourcomputer?

a.Aphoto.b.Apieceofdarktape.c.Acutesticker.

d.Apieceofwhitepaper.e.Asquarewebcamcover.

A．a,b,cB．b,c,dC．b,c,eD．c,d,e

8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“remove”meaninthefourthparagraph?

A．Carefor.B．Takeaway.C．Putup.D．Lookthrough.

9．Whichofthefollowingmightthewriteragreewith?

A．Leavingyourwebcamuncoveredissafeatmosttimes.

B．Usingastickertocoveryourwebcamistheeasiestway.

C．Youshouldonlycoveryourwebcamwhenyouworkremotely.

D．Thereareprobablysmarterandbetterwaystocoveryourwebcam.

10．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．TakeControlofYourPrivacyB．DosandDon’tsWhenUsingaWebcam

C．KeepYourWebcamSafe.D．EasyTrickstoBlockOffYourWebcam

【答案】6．C7．C8．B9．D10．D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电脑摄像头的用途以及几种遮挡摄像头的方法来保护隐私。

6．推理判断题。根据文章第1段“Thewebcamofyourcomputerisveryuseful.Wecanuseittotakepictures...But

sometimes,youmaywanttocoverit...ittakeslessthanaminutetocoveryourwebcam”可看出结构是：事实(摄

像头有用)→问题(需要隐私保护)→解决方案(遮挡方法)。故选C。

7．细节理解题。根据第2段“Youshouldchooseblackorbrowntapeinsteadofcleartape.”；第3段“Placeacute

sticker”和第4段“Blockoffyourcamerawithasquarewebcamcover”可知，可以用深色胶带、可爱贴纸和方形

摄像头盖来盖住电脑上的摄像头。故选C。

8．词句猜测题。根据文章第4段“Itiseasytoplaceandremove,asit’smadeoutofamaterialthatsuctions(吸附)

toyourcomputerratherthanstickswithadhesive”可知，它很容易放置和移除，因为它是由一种能吸附到电脑

上的材料制成的，而不是用粘合剂粘住的。“remove”指“取下”。英文对应“Takeaway”。故选B。

9．推理判断题。根据文章末段“Theremightbesomeotherwaysortoolstocoverthewebcamofyourcomputer.

Thinkitoverandseewhetheryoucancomeupwithsomenewsmartways.”可推知，作者认为也许还有其更好的

遮住电脑的摄像头方法或工具。故选D。

10．最佳标题题。全文核心是介绍多种简便的摄像头遮挡方法，故选D。

（2025·河南信阳·三模）

OnApril19th,ahalfmarathonwasheldinBeijing.About12,000runnerstookpart.Onaseparatetrack,

besidethehumanrunners,21human-likerobotstookthesamechallenge.Therehavebeenrobotracesbefore,but

notthischallenging.Itwasthefirstraceofitskind.Sixrobotsfinishedtheracethoughthedistance(距离)was

quitedifficultforthem.

Therobotsthatracedwereindifferentshapesandsizes.Thelargest,called“TiangongUltra”,was180cm

tall.Thesmallest,called“LittleGiant”,wasjustunder75cmtall.Eachtraveledwithsupportworkersandacar

holdingsupplypartsandevenreplacementrobots.Supportworkerscarrieddevices(设备)tocontroltheirrobots.

Someworkersfollowedtheirrobots;othersledthem.

Theearlypartoftheracewastheeasiestbecausethecoursewasflat.Later,thingsbecamemoredifficult.

Thecoursehad14turns,andthereweresmallhillstorunupordown.Aswithhumanrunners,lowpowerwasa

problemfortherobots,too.Tiangongfelloncebecauseoflowpower.Thesamethinghappenedtootherrobots,too.

Thebiggestchallengewasprobablyoverheating.Itwascoolinthemorning,butasthedayheatedup,workershad

tohelptherobotstokeepcool.Atonepoint,LittleGianthadsmokecomingoutofitshead.

ThefirstrobottocrossthefinishlinewasTiangong.Itfinishedtheracein2hours,40minutes,and42

seconds.Secondandthirdplacewenttotwodifferentversionsofthesamesmallrobot,N2.

Fortherobots,thegoaloftheracewasn’ttowin,itwastofinish.Thoughsomerobotsdidn’tfinish,their

effortsproducedalotofinformationthatwillhelptheirdevelopersimprovefuturerobots.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号